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• America Enters the War– U.S. sends old destroyers to Great Britain– Americans favored helping the allies, but staying

out of the war

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• Lend-Lease Act– Great Britain ran out of money for the war– Roosevelt agrees to lend or lease arms to allies– Any country that fought against Nazism

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• Hemispheric Defense Zone– Roosevelt’s way to work around neutrality – Declared western half of Atlantic as part of

Western Hemisphere– U.S. ships patrolled area

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• Atlantic Charter– U.S., Great Britain, 15 other anti-Axis countries – Postwar world of: • Democracy• Nonaggression• Free trade• Economic advancement• Freedom of the seas

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• U.S. and Japan– U.S. supplied Japan with iron, steel, oil– Congress gives president power to restrict the sale

of “strategic materials” to Japan– U.S. offers lend-lease to China• Hoped that China would keep Japan in check

– Strategy fails

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• Japan Attacks Pearl Harbor– December 7, 1941– Sank or damaged:• 8 battleships• 3 cruisers• 4 destroyers• Six other vessels

– 188 airplanes destroyed– 2,403 Americans killed (1,178 injured)

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• Germany Declares War on the U.S.– Hitler wanted Japan’s help in the Pacific• Thought Japan would easily defeat US in Pacific