eToolkitePresentations Interactive Teacher’s

Lesson Guide

Algorithms Practice

EM FactsWorkshopGame™

Family Letters

CurriculumFocal Points

www.everydaymathonline.com

AssessmentManagement

Common Core State Standards

Lesson 6�5 559

Key Concepts and Skills• Use the Addition/Subtraction Facts Table

to find sums and differences. 

[Operations and Computation Goal 1]

• Use subtraction fact strategies to find

differences.

[Operations and Computation Goal 1]

• Use addition to check answers for

subtraction facts. 

[Patterns, Functions, and Algebra Goal 3]

Key ActivitiesChildren learn to use the Addition/Subtraction

Facts Table to solve subtraction problems.

They use subtraction fact strategies focused

on the number ten to find differences.

Ongoing Assessment: Recognizing Student Achievement Use journal page 118. [Operations and Computation Goal 1]

MaterialsMath Journal 2, p. 118 and inside

front cover

Home Link 6�4

Math Masters, p. 336

transparency of Math Masters, p. 324

(optional) � Number-Grid Poster � slate � 

calculator � counters

Playing Addition Top-ItMath Journal 2, inside front cover

per partnership: 4 each of number

cards 0–9 (from the Everything Math

Deck, if available)

Children practice addition skills.

Math Boxes 6�5Math Journal 2, p. 119

Children practice and maintain skills

through Math Box problems.

Home Link 6�5Math Masters, p. 175

Children practice and maintain skills

through Home Link activities.

ENRICHMENTColoring Patterns in the Facts TableMath Masters, p. 176

Children find patterns in the Addition/

Subtraction Facts Table.

EXTRA PRACTICE

Playing Penny Plateper partnership: paper plate, 10–20 pennies

Children review counting up to determine

the total amount.

Teaching the Lesson Ongoing Learning & Practice

132

4

Differentiation Options

��������

Using Strategiesto Solve Subtraction Facts

Objectives To provide experience revisiting the relationship

between addition and subtraction; and to introduce subtraction

fact strategies using ten.

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560 Unit 6 Developing Fact Power

Using the Addition/Subtraction Facts Table 2LESSON

6 �5

Date Time

Add or subtract. Use the table to help you.

1. 5 + 6 = 2. 11 - 5 = 3. 8 + 4 = 4. 12 - 4 = 5. 7 + 8 = 6. 15 - 8 = 7. 9 + 9 = 8. 18 - 9 = 9. 9 + 7 = 10. 16 - 9 =

+,- 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

3 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

4 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

5 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

6 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

7 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

8 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

9 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

�

11 68797

12151816

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Math Journal 2, p. 118

Student Page

1 Teaching the Lesson

� Math Message Follow-Up WHOLE-CLASS ACTIVITY

(Math Journal 2, inside front cover)

Have children share solution strategies. They have not used the Addition/Subtraction Facts Table to solve subtraction problems before, so children may not have figured out how to do it. Some children may have found the answers with the help of the table, but are not able to describe what they did.

Use the transparency of the Addition/Subtraction Facts Table (Math Masters, page 324), as you model 6 + 7 and 13 - 6. Children follow along on the table on the inside front cover of their journals.

● To find the sum of 6 and 7, use a large piece of paper with an arrow drawn in the corner. Cover the Facts Table so that the 6 row and the 7 column are visible at the bottom and right edges of the paper. The arrow will point to the answer, 13.

● To find the answer to 13 - 6, keep the sheet of paper in place. Ask yourself: “6 plus what number is 13?” To find the number, move along the 6 row to 13. Then go up the sheet to the number in the top row, 7. To check that 7 is the correct answer, use the table to find 6 plus 7 is 13.

� Using the Addition/Subtraction WHOLE-CLASS ACTIVITY

Facts Table to Solve Subtraction Problems(Math Journal 2, p. 118)

Pose a few subtraction problems. Ask children to use the table to find the answers, even if they know the facts. Have them check each answer, using addition. They write answers on their slates.

Use the transparency of the table to model the solution to each problem. When you think that children are comfortable using the table to solve subtraction problems, have them complete journal page 118.

Getting Started

Home Link 6�4 Follow-Up

Remind children to practice with their Fact Triangles at home.

Math MessageUse the table on the inside front cover of your journal to solve:

6 + 7 =

13 - 6 =

Mental Math and Reflexes Play Beat the Calculator. See Lesson 6-4 for directions.

NOTE This lesson contains a significant

amount of content; you may wish to complete

it over two days.

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Lesson 6�5 561

Adjusting the ActivityUsing ten to subtract can also be

demonstrated using a number line. Given

16 - 9 = , start at 9 and think How many

do I need to get 10? How many more do I

need to get 16?

171615141312111098

+7

+6+1

16 – 9 = 1 + 6 = 7

AUDITORY � KINESTHETIC � TACTILE � VISUAL

Name Date

336

Name Date

Ten Frame

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Math Masters, p. 336

Teaching Aid Master

Ongoing Assessment: Journal

Page 118 �Recognizing Student Achievement

Use the addition problems on journal page 118 to assess children’s ability to

use the Addition/Subtraction Facts Table to solve addition problems. Children

are making adequate progress if they are able to solve the addition problems

correctly. Some children may be able to use the table to solve the subtraction

problems, as well.

[Operations and Computation Goal 1]

NOTE Some children may find it difficult to use the Facts Table when solving

subtraction facts. Children may use other strategies to solve the problems and/or

to check their answers. However, since the goal of this activity is to learn to use

the table, children should be encouraged to turn to it for answers they don’t know.

Keep in mind that this is the first exposure to using a Facts Table to solve

subtraction problems.

� Subtracting Using a WHOLE-CLASS ACTIVITY

Ten Frame(Math Masters, p. 336)

Remind children that in Lessons 6-3 and 6-4 they learned that one good strategy for solving subtraction facts is to use the relationship between addition and subtraction. Explain that children will explore other strategies for solving subtraction facts, specifically strategies that use 10.

Write 16 - 9 = on the board. Have children place 9 counters on their ten frames. Ask: How many more counters are needed to show 16? Help children see that they need one more counter to get ten plus the rest of the number, in this case 6.

Encourage the following thought process:

● Start with 9.

● How many do I need to get 10? 1

● How many more do I need to get 16? 6

● 1 + 6 = 7, so 16 - 9 = 7.

One more to get to 10.Then 6 more.

Have children use their ten frames and counters to practice other -9 subtraction facts, such as 14 - 9 and 18 - 9.

Repeat the same procedure to introduce -8 facts using the ten frame. Focus on the idea that children need two more counters to get 10 and then some number more to get to the larger number. Have children describe the steps they take to solve the problems.

NOTE Be sure to add this strategy, Subtracting Using a Ten Frame, to your

Fact Strategy Wall. This strategy is especially helpful for -8 and -9 facts;

however, using a ten frame to visualize subtraction may help children with other

subtraction facts.

NOTE If you wish to have

children practice sums to 20

using the Addition/Subtraction

Facts Table, go to

www.everydaymathonline.com.

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561A Unit 6 Developing Fact Power

� -8 and -9 Shortcuts WHOLE-CLASS ACTIVITY

Write the following -9 facts on the board without including the differences: 13 - 9, 17 - 9, 15 - 9, and 16 - 9. Ask children to copy these facts onto their slates and find the differences. Then have children write the differences on the board. Ask children if they can figure out a shortcut for the -9 facts. Children might suggest that the difference is one more than the ones digit of the minuend. If children need help, write related -10 facts beside each of these facts.

Ask children to use the -10 facts to help explain the -9 shortcut. Add the -9 shortcut to the Fact Strategy Wall in children’s own words. Children may describe it as Subtract 10 instead of 9 and then add 1.

You may wish to show children the -9 shortcut on the Number-Grid Poster as well. As you model the process on the class number grid, have children use the number grid in their journals to follow along. To find the difference between 13 and 9, place your finger on the number 13; subtract 10 by moving your finger straight up to the row above; add one by moving to the right one space. The difference is 4.

201918171615141211

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

13

Repeat the procedure for -8 facts. Begin by listing several -8 facts on the board and have the children find the differences. Some  children may discover the -8 shortcut without seeing pairs of -10 facts, but writing the related -10 facts on the board may be helpful to those children who are still struggling to grasp these shortcuts. Be sure to demonstrate this shortcut on the class number grid. Encourage children to describe the -8 shortcut in their own words for the Fact Strategy Wall. Children may describe it as Subtract 10 instead of 8 and then add 2.

Have children practice mixed -9 and -8 facts. Write subtraction facts on the board and have children write the differences on their slates.

� Using Ten Subtraction Strategy

WHOLE-CLASS ACTIVITY

By now children should be very comfortable with the sum-equals-ten addition and subtraction facts, such as 4 + 6 = 10 and 10 - 7 = 3. Knowing these facts will help children use another strategy, sometimes called “decomposing a number leading to ten.”

Write 13 - 5 = on the board. Explain to children that they are going to use 10 as a stopping point to solve this subtraction problem. Doing so, they will uncover a sum-equals-ten subtraction fact that they will solve to find the difference between 13 and 5.

13 – 9 = 417 – 9 = 815 – 9 = 616 – 9 = 5

13 – 10 = 317 – 10 = 415 – 10 = 516 – 10 = 6

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Lesson 6�5 561B

Ask: What could you do to 13 to get 10? Subtract 3 Remind children that they have subtracted 3; they need to subtract a total of 5. Ask: How many more do we need to subtract? 2 more 13 - 3 leads to the sum-equals-ten subtraction fact, 10 - 2 = 8. Thus, 13 - 5 = 8. Demonstrate this using a number line. (See margin.)

It is important to note that this is a difficult strategy that may not be intuitive for many children. However, by repeating the strategy with other facts in which the minuend is greater than 10, such as 16 - 7, 12 - 4, and 14 - 8, many children will begin to understand and internalize the strategy. With practice it will likely become a favorite subtraction strategy for some children.

NOTE Be sure to add this strategy to your Fact Strategy Wall. It will help

children if you include an example, including steps like those shown in the

diagram in the margin.

2 Ongoing Learning & Practice

� Playing Addition Top-It PARTNER ACTIVITY

(Math Journal 2, inside front cover)

Children practice addition skills by playing Addition Top-It. For detailed instructions, see Lesson 6-1.

� Math Boxes 6�5 INDEPENDENTACTIVITY

(Math Journal 2, p. 119)

Mixed Practice Math Boxes in this lesson are paired with Math Boxes in Lesson 6-7. The skills in Problem 4 preview Unit 7 content.

Writing/Reasoning Have children draw, write, or verbalize an answer to the following question: What is a fact family? A reasonable answer should include a discussion of four related number models.

7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

– 5

– 3– 2

13 – 5 = 13 – 3 – 2 = 10 – 2 = 8

One child’s work in response to the Writing/Reasoning prompt

1. Subtract.

5 - 1 = 4 - 2 = = 6 - 0

= 3 - 3

2. Write the fact family.

+ = + = - = - =

3. Use your number grid. Start at 31.

Count up 19.

You end at .

31 + 19 =

4. Draw lines to match the shapes that look alike.

Math Boxes LESSON

6�5

Date Time

Column A Column B

42

6 65

1111

5050

5665

111156

0

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Math Journal 2, p. 119

Student Page

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562 Unit 6 Developing Fact Power

Sample answers:

////\ ////\\ ////

10 + 4

7 + 7

15 - 1

14

Write the 3 numbers for the domino. Use the numbers to write the fact family.1. Numbers: , , Fact family: + = - =

+ = - =

Copyright

© W

right

Gro

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This Home Link reviews some of the work children have been doing in recent lessons. Note that children are now working with subtraction facts as they are related to addition facts. Encourage your child to include some subtraction “names” in the name-collection box in Problem 2. An example of a subtraction name for 14 is 16 - 2.

Please return this Home Link to school tomorrow.

Family Note

Name Date

Fact Routines Practice

931212939

1239

Practice

HOME LINK

6�5

4. Use | and • to show the number 52. | | | | | • •Sample answer:

2. Write as many names as you can for 14.

3. Cross out the names that do not belong.

2010 + 10

////\ ////\\ 5 + 5+ 5

2 + 10 24 - 4

20 + 0

3 12 9 312

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Math Masters, p. 175

Home Link Master

Name Date

LESSON

6� 5 Coloring Patterns in the Fact Table

There are patterns in the Addition/Subtraction Facts Table.Follow the directions to color some patterns in the table.

1. Color the +0 facts blue.2. Color the +1 facts yellow.3. Color the doubles facts orange.4. Color the sums of 10 facts red.5. Find a new pattern. Color the new pattern green.6. Describe the green pattern.

Answers vary.

+,- 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

3 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

4 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

5 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

6 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

7 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

8 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

9 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

Patterns colored in green will vary.

EM3MM_G1_U06_161-195.indd 176 2/10/10 12:19 PM

Math Masters, p. 176

Teaching Master

� Home Link 6�5 INDEPENDENTACTIVITY

(Math Masters, p. 175)

Home Connection This page reviews several skills from previous lessons. Children record a fact family for a domino, fill in a name-collection box, and cross out names that do not belong in a second name-collection box.

3 Differentiation Options

ENRICHMENT INDEPENDENTACTIVITY

� Coloring Patterns in the 15–30 Min

Facts Table(Math Masters, p. 176)

Algebraic Thinking To further explore the addition and subtraction facts table, have children identify and describe patterns they see in the table. Children complete Math Masters, page 176 by coloring patterns with crayons and then finding one of their own patterns. Encourage children to color lightly since some of the patterns overlap. Have children describe their patterns verbally after coloring them.

EXTRA PRACTICE PARTNER ACTIVITY

� Playing Penny Plate 5–15 Min

Algebraic Thinking Children play Penny Plate to review how to count up to find the total amount. Encourage children to state, “I can see 6 pennies. Six plus what number is 12?” Then children count up from 7 to 12 to determine that there are 6 pennies under the plate.

Planning Ahead

In Lesson 6-7, children will complete their sets of Fact Triangles by including the triangles found on Math Journal 2, Activity Sheets 11 and 12.

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Name Date

Copyrig

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Wrig

ht G

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raw

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336

Name Date

Ten Frame

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