THE GANTT CHART, STILL VITAL AFTER 100+ YEARS

Using the Gantt Chart to Optimize a Schedule Model

Gary ChefetzMSProjectExperts

Henry Laurence Gantt

GARY L CHEFETZ

Microsoft Project MVP Author or Co-author of 13 books Microsoft Certified IT Professional Microsoft Certified Trainer CEO MSProjectExperts Recovering PMO Director Passionate Business Theory Junkie

EXPLORING OUR ROOTS

HISTORIC PERSPECTIVE

Karol Adamiecki3/18/1866 – 5/16/1933

Henry Laurence Gantt1861 – 11/23/1919

Photo Source: Wikipedia

KAROL ADAMIECKI

One of the most famous management researchers in Central and Eastern Europe

Began his research in St. Petersburg Russia, and moved to Poland in 1891

Inventor of workflow diagrams showing interdependencies in 1896

1903 published first article on his theories in Polish and Russian

1931 published more widely known article on the Harmonograf or Harmonogram

THE LAW OF HARMONY IN MANAGEMENT Harmony of choice (all production tools

should be compatible with each other, with special regard to their output production speed)

Harmony of doing (importance of time coordination, schedules and timetables)

Harmony of spirit (importance of creating a good team)

ADAMIECKI’S HARMONOGRAPH

Source: Project Management with CPM, PERT and precedence diagramming. Moder, Phillips, and Davis, 1983

HENRY LAURENCE GANTT

1861 to 1919 Mechanical Engineer Popularized “Gantt” charting first half of

1910s Designed the task and bonus system of

wage payment The social responsibility of business 1916 Work, Wages and Profit 1919 Organizing for Work

GANTT THE IDEALIST

“We all realize that any reward or profit that business arbitrarily takes, over and above that to which it is justly entitled for service rendered, is just as much the exercise of autocratic power and a menace to the industrial peace of the world, as the autocratic military power of the Kaiser was a menace to international peace. This applies to Bolshevists as well as to Bankers.”

HENRY GANTT’S IDLENESS EXPENSE CHART

Source: Organizing for Work. Henry L. Gantt, 1919

MANAGEMENT SCIENTIST

“This chart system has been in use only a few years, but it is so simple that it is readily understood by the workman and employer, and so comprehensive that one intelligent workman made the remark,“If we chart everything we are doing that way, anybody can run the shop.” While we are hardly prepared to agree with this opinion, we are entirely satisfied that if the facts about a business can be presented in a compact and comprehensive manner, it will be found possible to run any business much more effectively than has been the custom in the past.”

DAWN OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT THEORY

The Industrial Revolutions Late 1800s - The Second Industrial

Revolution Product Production Factory Process Optimization Frederick Winslow Taylor

THE PRINCIPLES OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT

Develop a "science" for every job, including rules motion, standardized work implements, and proper working conditions.

Carefully select workers with the right abilities for the job.

Carefully train these workers to do the job, and give them proper incentives to cooperate with the job science.

Support these workers by planning their work and by smoothing the way as they go about their jobs.Frederick Winslow Taylor, 1911

PURPOSE OF THE SCHEDULE MODEL

The purpose of the schedule model is to provide a useful “road map” that can be used by the project manager and the project team to assist them in completing the project successfully.

PMI Practice Standard for Scheduling

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ELEMENTS OF DEVLOPING A GOOD SCHEDULE

Determine how the schedule will be developed Understand the full scope of the project Identify the project and schedule Establish project calendars and work periods Establish the optimum Project Update Cycle Establish the Project Update Method Establish an effective activity coding

structure Determine resource planning requirements

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REAL WORLD EXAMPLES

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