UTILIZATION OF PLASTIC WASTES AND WASTE RECYCLED PRODUCT AS HIGHWAY MATERIALS IN FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT SYSTEM

7/30/2019 UTILIZATION OF PLASTIC WASTES AND WASTE RECYCLED PRODUCT AS HIGHWAY MATERIALS IN FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT SYSTEM

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A.K.Choudhary1, Ranjit Prasad2, K.S.Gill31Deptt. of Civil Engg., NIT, Jamshedpur

2Deptt. of Met & Mats Engg., NIT, Jamshedpur3Deptt. of Civil Engg., GNDEC, Ludhiana

PRESENTED BY:

A.K.Choudhary

[email protected]

UTILIZATION OF PLASTIC WASTES AND WASTE

RECYCLED PRODUCT AS HIGHWAY MATERIALS IN

FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT SYSTEM


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INTRODUCTION

Development of a nation linked with industrial growth

Quantity of waste generated increases with industrialization

causing

a) Disposal problem

b) Environmental degradation

Good quality soil in required quantity not available locally.

Huge transportation cost of borrow material required thus

increasing cost of construction How to reduce transportation cost. Use of locally available

industrial waste : Blast Furnace slag coming out of the Tata Steel

(Waste recycled product-WRP)

2


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CONTD

Solid waste production in India: 39 million tons /year (2000)

Expected production by 2010: 56 million tons /year

Typical %age of plastic in Municipal solid waste : 1% (India)

Best way to handle such waste :Utilization in engineeringapplication

Application of Soil reinforcement : If found effective can be a

significant secondary market for waste plastic

Possibility of replacing costly reinforcing material like geogridshould be explored


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CONTD

Thickness of flexible pavement depends upon subgrade strengthand traffic intensity.

Soil reinforcement is an effective and reliable technique to

improve the strength of soil .

Geotextiles and geogrids are commonly used in engineeringpractices.

Waste plastic can be a cheaper alternative of costlygeorids/geotextiles for construction of low cost roads.


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OBJECTIVES

Effect of mixing different % age of high density polyethelene

(HDPE) strips on CBR value of WRP.

Environment friendly disposal of non-biodegradable municipal

waste.

To contribute towards the sustainable development of road

infrastructure.

To reduce the construction cost.


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MATERIALS USED

WRP: collected from Waste Recycling Plant of TataSteel at Jamshedpur

Specific gravity: 2.87

D10 : 0.075 mm,

Cu: 8.67, Cc: 1.04

Classification: SW,

max : 23.15 kN/m3

min : 19.91kN/m3


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CONTD..

HDPE: Purchased from a rag picker, at a price of INR 100 per kg

(approximately $2per kg).

Width of HDPE : 12mm and Thickness: 0.40mm.

Length of HDPE : 12mm [Aspect Ratio (AR=length/width) =1],(Selected) 24mm (AR=2)

36mm (AR=3)

Ratio of mould diameter to maximum strip length 4

(Ensures sufficient space for strip to deform freely and remains

independent of mould confinement)

Ultimate tensile strength of this strip: 0.36kN

and percent elongation at failure: 23% (ASTM D 4885)


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PREPRATIONOF SAMPLES

Strip content (Defined in present case): Ratio of weight of strips to

the weight of dry WRP.

Strip content selected for the tests: 0.0%, 0.25%, 0.50%, 1.0% and

2.0%.

Preparation of specimens:

CBR mould of 150 mm diameter and 175 mm high

Relative Density of compacted WRP:17.54

kN/m3

Dr= 85%No. of layers: Three


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WRP MIXED WITH HDPE STRIPS

9


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CONTD.

Density of HDPE strip reinforced WRP layers kept equal to drydensity of that of unreinforced WRP.

Required amount of HDPE strips were randomly mixed with dry

WRP.

Mix transferred to the mould and a surcharge (base plate 148 mmin diameter) weighing 25 N placed over the sample (to avoid

segregation of the strips during vibration).

Compaction of specimen: vibration for 2 minutes on a vibrationtable.


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TEST PROCEDURE

Tests performed: As per procedures described in IS-2720-Part

XVI-1987

A surcharge plate of 2.44kPa placed on the specimen prior to

testing.

Loads recorded as a function of penetration (up to a total

penetration of 12.5 mm).

CBR and Secant modulus determined from Load vs Penetration

curve

CBR values reported in the present investigation are those of 5.0

mm penetration (CBR value at 5.0 mm penetration observed

higher than that of 2.5 mm penetration even on repetition).


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CBR TEST SET-UP

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RESULTS & DISCUSSION

Increase in CBR value due to the presence of HDPE strip content:

Expressed by California Bearing ratio Index (CBRI)

CBRI = CBRr

/CBRu

CBRr: California bearing ratio (CBR) value of reinforced soil

CBRr: California bearing ratio (CBR) value of unreinforced soil

Secant modulus: Defined as the ratio of load in kPa at apenetration of 5.0 mm to the penetration of 0.005m

(obtained from load penetration curve)


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Outline of Test Results


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CONTD..

Variation of load-penetration curves (AR=1) with different strip content (0.025% to 2.0%)

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

Penetration (mm)

Loadx0.0

1(kN) 0%

0.25%

0.50%

1.00%

2.00%

AR=1

Strip Content(%)


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CONTD..


0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

Penetration (mm)

Loadx0.0

1(kN)

0%

0.25%

0.50%

1.00%

2.00%

AR=2

Strip Content(%)


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CONTD.


0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

Penetration (mm)

Loadx0.0

1(kN)

0%

0.25%

0.50%

1.00%

2.00%

AR=3Strip Content(%)


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MECHANISM OF IMPROVEMENT

After completion of each test: Specimens were dissected and strip

examined

Many of the strips showed elongation, thinning and clear

impression of sand particles

As soil sheared during penetration, strip fixed in the WRP by

friction elongated as the soil deformed

CBR value of HDPE strip reinforced WRP at 5.0mm penetration

were found to be higher than those at 2.5 mm penetration

At higher deformation HDPE strip reinforcement is more effective

in improving the strength of sand by increasing the resistance to

penetration


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POSITION OF STRIP BEFORE AND AFTER SLIPPAGE

Situation (a) plunger pushes down particle C to occupy positionin between particle A and B

The strips resist the downward movement of particle C untilslippage between soil and strip occur resulting into a developmentof situation (b)

Interaction between soil and strips causes the resistance topenetration of the plunger resulting into higher CBR values

Strip

(a) (b)


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CONCLUSION

W.R.P., if reinforced in an appropriate manner, can be successfullyutilized as a construction material for road pavements, especiallyin low volume rural roads.

The addition of reclaimed HDPE strips; a waste material to WRP

results in an appreciable increase in the CBR and the secantmodulus.

The reinforcement benefit increases with an increase in stripcontent and the aspect ratio and maximum value of CBR andsecant modulus of a reinforced system is around 2.3 times of that

of an unreinforced system. The maximum improvement in CBR and secant modulus is

obtained when the strip content is 2% and the aspect ratio 3.


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LIMITATION OF PRESENT STUDY

Small size of CBR mould limits size & amount of fibre inclusion

End effects in small sample size is more pronounced

Despite these limitations large experience base and satisfactory

design method are in use based on CBR test results

Further study needed (a) to optimise the size, shape of strips(b) to assess the durability and aging of strips


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THANKS

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UTILIZATION OF PLASTIC WASTES AND WASTE RECYCLED PRODUCT AS HIGHWAY MATERIALS IN FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT SYSTEM