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UVEA Choroidal melanomaReferral: Urgent to normal depending on characteristics*
● The annual malignant transformation rate of choroidal nevi in Caucasians is estimated to be one in 8845, this drops to one in 3664 for ages 80-84 years old (Chien et al., 2017)
● There are a number of risk factors for such melanoma trans-formations, the most important of which appears to be chorodial thickness of > 2 mm.
● Carol Shields at Wills Eye Hospital (USA) has done a lot of work in this area. She identifies 5 factors associated with risk of growth of small choroidal lesions:1. tumor thickness greater than 2.0 mm 2. subretinal fluid3. visual symptoms4. orange pigment5. posterior tumor margin touching the disc
These five factors can be easily rememberd with the mnemonic: To Find Small Ocular Melanoma(= Thickness, Fluid, Symptoms, Orange pigment, Optic Disc Margin)
● Nevi with three or more risk factors demonstrate malignant transformation in 50% of cases over 5 years (Chien et al., 2017)
These images were originally published in the Retina Image Bank. Henry J. Kaplan, MD Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, Florida. Year 2013; Image Numbers 7799 and 10386. © the American Society of Retina Specialists. Video�
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