Minchenko et al. / International Journal of Radiation Medicine 2001, 3 (3-4): 106-117

3apel{JWR 1O.1v1.,A6pClJ1106B1O. HOBbIe aHTl1re­HbI TKaHeBOH COBMeCTI1MOCTHL1eJIOBeKa.Me,[lI1I.:(I1­Ha, MocKBa, 1986, 174 c.[Zaretskaya Yzl.ll1., Abramou VYzI. New Antigenes of Hu­man Tissue Compatibility. Meditsina Publishing House,ivloscow, 1986, 174 p.]

H6axJ-teJ-tlcoAI AIIropHTMbI MeTO,[la rpyrrnoBo­ro )"-IeTa apryMeHToB npl1 HenpepbIBHbIX 116l1Hap­HbIX npH3HaKax. TIpenpl1HT AH YKpaI1HbI, Kl1eB,1992.[IuakbnenkoA. G. Algori thms of Methods of Group Accountof Arguments at Unceasing and BinalY Signs. Preprint,Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, 1992].

H6axJ-teHlCO AI, 3au1.£eJ-tJCofO.fl., JI.uMum­p06 B,l1,. TIpHH5!Tl1e peIlleI-IHH Ha OCHOBe caMOOp­raHl13aI.:(HH. COBeTCKoe pa,[lHO, MocKBa, 1976,21 C.[IuakbnenkoA. G., Zaycbenko YlI.P., Dimitrou YD. DecisionMaking on the Base of Self-organization. Soviet Radio Pub­lishing House, Moscow, 1976,21 p.]

MuJ-t1.£eJ-lJCOJK.H. feHeTI1L1eCKHe CHCTeMbI KpO­BH L1eJIOBeKa npH pa,[lHaI.:(110HHOM 06JIYLleHHH.JJ:I1CC.... ~\OK.6HOJI. HayK, Kl1eB, HI1I1 reMaTOJIOrl1HH nepeJII1BaH!15! KpOBH M3 YKpaI1HbI, 1995,326 C.

. [Mincbenko].N. Genetic Blood Systems at Exposure toRadiation. Dissertation of Doctor of Biological Sciences,Kiev, Research Institute for Haematology and Blood Trans­fusion, 1995, 326 p.].

MuJ-t1.£eJ-tlcoJK.H., JIecpmep A.B., KaJluJ-tu1.£eJ-tJCoc.E. I1HTerpl1pOBaHHa5! cpe,[la.[(JI5! CTaTHCTI1L1eCKOH06pa60TKH 3KcnepHMeHTaJIbHbIX ,[IaHHbIX MeTO,[la­MI1 nonyJI5!I.:(HOHHOH CTaTI1CTHKH MEDSTAT. B KH.:

TIporpaMHble npo,[IyKTbI YKpal1Hbl. KaTaJIOr, 1994,BbII1.2, C. 34-35.[Mincbenko}.N., LejrerA. v, KalinclJenkoS.B. Integrated En­vironment for Statistical Processing of Experimental Datawith Methods of Population Statistics MEDSTAT.Catalogue«Software of Ukraine·>, 1994, Issue 2, pp. 34-35.]

ne6J-tUl{JCUUJIA. CTaTI1CTHLleCKa5! OI.:(eHKa aCCOI.:(l1a­I.:(I1HHLA-aHTl1reHOB C 3a60JIeBaHH5!MH. BeCTH. AMHCCCP, 1988,7: 48-51.[Peunitsky L.A. Statistical evaluation of associations of I-ILA-anti­gens with diseases. Vest. AMN SSSR, 1988,7: 48-51]

np02paMMbt npRMo2o CUJ-tme3aMooeneu (no npl1H­I.:(l1nycaMoopraHH3aI.:(I1H).I1HCTI1TyT KH6epHeTHKH, KHeB,BbII1.1-3, 1975.[Programmes oj Direct Syntheses oJ Models (on the principle ofself-organisation). Institute of Cybernetics, Kiev, Issues. 1-3, 1975]

CmenaJ-t06a E.M. TIpOrH0311pOBaHI1e 3,[10pOBb5!l1eTeHpaHHero B03paCTa. 113,[1aTeJIbCTBOTOMcKoro yHI1BepCH­TeTa, TOMCK, 1987, 156 C.[Stepanoua E.I. Health Forecasting in Children of Early Age. ThePublishers of Tomsk University, Tomsk, 1987, 156 p.]

Wa6anuJ-t BH., Cepo6aJI,ll,. MI1HWIeCKa5! HMlVryHO­reMaTOJIOfl15!. Mel1l1I.:(I1Ha,JIeHI1Hrpa,[l, 1988, 310 c.[SlJahaljn VN., SerouaL.D. Clinical Immunohaematology, Medit­sina Publishing House, Leningrad, 1988, 310 p,]

BebeslJko VG., MinclJenkoj.N. Immunogenetic bloodfactors in ARS patients. In.: Proceedings of the EuropeanFederation ofImmunological Societies. 10th Meeting, 10­12 September 1990, Edinburgh, 1990, pp. 3-11.

Kissmeyer-Nielsen F, SvejegaardA., Hauge M. Gene­tics of the human HLA transplantation system. Nature,1968, 219(159): 1116-1119.

Mattiuz PL., Inde D, PiazzaA. et al. Histocompatibil­ityTesting. Copenhagen, 1970, pp. 193-205.

MinclJenkoj. (,MEDSTAT·>. Catalogue of Exhibitors &Their Production in the Ukrainan Stand of the Innovation

Forum, Kyiv, 1995, pp. 74-75.Simons M., Tait B (Eds.) Detection of immune-associ­

ated genetic markers of human disease. Churchill living­stone, London, 1984.

Svejgaard A., Hauge M., ]ersild C. The HLA System:Monographs in Human Genetics. Basel. 1975, vol. 7,pp.127-134.

w 5"~w7-

J,. :JJQ)Co- a't... •

:JJ SS CD"TI Co-..I

N

00..•

~~F;:'Rr,,1 1i:is :oan to: C.'\S

. ':-\! RiVt'f lie1.

01-l4.32lO··0012

117

Stepanova, Misharina / International Journal of Radiation Medicine 2001, 3 (3-4): 118-122

CYTOGENETICAL EFFECTS IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD LYMPHOCYTESAMONG CHILDREN IN REMOTE TERMS AFTER PRENATAL

IRRADIATION

UVlTorEHETVI\.IECKVlE 3CbCbEKTbiB J1V1MCbOUVjTAXnEPVlCbEPVI\.IECKO~KPOBVI AETE~ B OTAA11EHHbl~ nEPVlOA

nOCJ1E nPEHATAJ1bHOrO 05J1YLlEHVlS1

E.!. Stepanova,].A. MisharinaResearch Centre for Radiation Medicine, Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine.

\'VHO Collaborating Centre53 Melnikov Street, Kiev, 04050, Ukraine088511318

I111I111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

~

E.H. CTeIIaHo~.a,)K.A. MnmapnHaHaY'lHbIH l\eHTp pa,l\l1al\110HIIOH Me,11I1l\I1HblAMH YKpal1l-lbl,

COTPY,l\HI1'lJIOIl\I1Hl\eHTp B0304050, YKpa}IHa, KHeB, YJI.MeJlbHI1KOBa,53

Abstract

Though the chromosome structural anomalies incidence elevation is marked in remote terms after the Cherno­

byl accident among children exposed to acute irradiation in prenatal period. Stable damage is prcvalent with

identified breaks preferred localisation in 1,2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17 chromosomes. Both stable and unstable induced

chromosome aberrations with 1,4,5,9, 17,22 chromosomes elevated damaging are observed in children ex­

posed to chronic radiation impact.

Keywords: children, prenatal irradiation, radiation Jeffect, aberration chromosomes.

INTRODUCTION

After the Chernobyl accident a cytogenetic exami­

nation of reprcsentatives of different categories

of the irradiated contingents, including children

population exposed to ionising radiation in the

different periods of ontogenesis, was carried outby native and foreign scientists (Stepanova E.!.,

1996). Using the data obtained, possibility of cy­

togenetic parameter usage as the most correct bio­logical indicator of human irradiation was con­

firmed, as well as necessity of further data storage

concerning frequencies, types and features ofhu­

man genome damage in the remote period of the

Chernobyl catastrophe was indicated (Pilins­kaya M. et a!., 1998).

As it is generally known the mutagenous effect in­

duced by ionising radiation in human somatic and

sex cells can cause some pathologic states with the

genetic component (including oncopathology and

haemoblastoses), therefore the frequency of chro­

mosome abnormalities in peripheral blood lym­phocytes is considered as one of criteria of in­

creased risk for the irradiated contingent.

Concerning this studies of small doses of ionisingradiation effect on a genome of somatic cells is now

represen ted as one of the most actual problems. An

assessment of the structural damages in chromo­somes, which are markers of radiation effect is of

the great importance.

118

BBE.II:EHHE

TIoCJIe aBapHH Ha LJepH06billbCKOH A3C OTe'leCTBeHHbI­

MH 113apy6eKHbIMH Y<1eHbIMHnpOBe,l\eHO ql1ToreHeTH­'-IeCKOe 06CJ1e,110BaHHe npe,l\CTaBHTe.rrer1 pa3HbLx KaTero­

pHH 061l)"-IeHHbIX KOHTIIHreHToB, B TOM '-IHCJle ,l\eTCKOrO

HaCeJIeHH5I, nO,l\BeprmCroc51 B03,l\erICrmno 110HI13HPYJO­

IlJ,ero H3JIY<1eHH5I13 pa3JIH'-IHbIC nepHO,l\bI OHToreHe3a

(Stepanova El, 1996). TIOJIY'-IeHHblepe3YJIbTaThI IIO,[\TBepiK­,l\aIOT B03MOiKHOCTb HCnOJIb30BaHH5I lI,HTOrCHeTH'-IeCKHX

napaMeTpoB KaKHaH60JIee KOppeKTHorO 6HOJIOrH'-IeCKO­

1'0 HH,[(HKaTOpa 061IY<1eHH5I'-Ie.rrOBeKa,a TaKiKe CBH,l\eTeJlb­

CTBYIOT0 He06xo,l\HMOCTH ,l\aJIbHer1IlIerO HaKOnJICI-IH5I,l\aHHbIX OTHOCHTe.rrbHO 'IaCTOT, Tl1nOB H oc06eHl-JocTeH

nOBpeiK,l\eHH5I reHOMa 'Ie.rrOBeKa B OT,l\aJIeHHblr1 rrepHO,l\

LJepH06billbCK0r1 KanC'rpocpbI (Pilinskaya M. et a!., 1998).

KaK H3BeCTHO, MYTareHHblrI .3cpcpeKT, HI-I,[(ylI,HpoBaHIlbltt

HOHH3Hp)'IOIlJ,HMH31IY'-IcHHeMBCOMaTH'IeCKHXH nOJIOBbLX

KJIeTKax'Ie.rrOBCKa,MOiKeT6bITh npH'IHHOr1 B03HHKHOBCHH5I

HeKOTOpOr1 naTOJIOrHH c rCHeTH'IeCKOr1 KOMnOHCHTOrI(BKJIIO'-Ia5IOHKOnaTOJIOrHIO H rCM06JIacr03bI), rrO.3ToMY'Ia­

crOTa XpOMOCOMHbIXHapymcI-IHr1 BJIHMcpOqHTax nepHcpc­

pH'ICCKOr1 KpOBI1 C'-lHTaeTC51O,l\HHMH3 Kp}ITepHeB nOBbI­

mCHHoro pHCKa ,lVI5I061IY<1CHHbIXKOHTHHrCHTOB.

B CB5I3HC .3THMH3Y<1eI-IHe,l\er1CTBH5IMaJIbLXl\03 HOHH3H­

pyroll\er1 pa,l\HaqHH Ha rCHOM COMaTH'-ICCKHXKJICTOK13

HaCT05lI.l\CC BpeM5I npC,l\CTaBJI5ICTC5IO,l\HHM H3 HaH60JIce

aKTyaJIbHbIX BonpocoB. EOJIbIlIOC 3Ha'-lCHHC npH .3TOM

HMeeT OlI,eHKa CTpyK1'ypHbIX nOBpeiK,l\eI-IHr1 XpOMOCOM,

KOTopble 51BJI5lIOTC5IMapKepaMH 06JIY<1eHH5I.

RC"tIRN i~;s :Jan to: C.~~

2~'W ele::'; I.:;';' ?oj'lei :~d.

?O. Gox 30;2, C,lumb"" 011432W.00121

Stepanova, Misharina / International Journal of Radiation Medicine 2001, 3 (3-4): 118-122

One of the most effective methods, permitting torealise a bio-indication of radiation effect, as well

as to identify the chromosomal nature of geneticaldisorders is the method of differentiated G-colour­

ing, which allows not only to reveal structural dam­ages, but also to establish a localisation of sites witha heightened chromosomal fragility (Ohtaki K.,

1992).

SUBJECTS AND METHODS

In remote period after the Chernobyl catastrophe42 children exposed to ionising radiation duringintrauterine development and 15 children of con­trol group were examined.

The first group consisted of 22 children, born bypreg­nant at moment of the accident who were evacuated

from Pripyat (they can be referred to the variant ofacute single according to the type of irradiation).

The second group included 20 children exposed toionising radiation as during intrauterine develop­ment, as further years of life (living in N arodichsk)'district of Zhitomir region);

The third group (control) consisted of 15 children(date of birth - 1986) living in «clear» regions ac­cording to the radiation conditions.

The equivalent radiation doses to foetal red bonemarrow during acute irradiation ranged from 10 to376 mSv, and during chronic irradiation of children,including the antenatal period - from 4.7 to 52 mSv

A cytogenetic examination conducted after thecomplex clinical examination and medicogenetic

consultation of nuclear proband family, both basicand control groups. Thus, diseases related to disor­ders of DNA repair and chromosome instabilitywere eliminated. For 3 months before examinationchildren did not suffer from diseases of virus infec­

tion, they were not under exposure to prophylac­tic inoculation, i.e. the majority of factors whichcould influence the results of cytogenetic analysiswere eliminated.

The complex clinical and cytogenetic examinationsof children of 10-12 years old were conducted.

For preparations of metaphase chromosomes to beobtained the heparinised blood was cultivated dueto standard semimicromethod in the nutrient me­

dium HAM'S F-l °«<Seromed», Germany), contain­

ing L-glutamine, with an addition of embryoniccalves serum «<Seromed», Germany) and phytohe­magglutinin (PHA-M, <·Difco>" USA) for48-50 hours(the last 2 hours - with a colchicine, <.Merk», Ger­

many). This allowed to analyse cells which weremainly presented in the first postradiation mitosis.

The preparations were obtained after hypotonictreatment (0.075 M solution KCl at temperature37 'C) and thrice-repeated fixing with ethanol and

O,lJ,HHMH3 HaH60JIee .3cpcpeKTHBHbIXMeTO,lJ,OB,KOTOpbIHrr03BOJI5IeToCYIl~eCTBJI5ITb6HOHH,lJ,HKaIJ;HlOpa,lJ,HaIJ;HOH­Horo B03,lJ,eHCTBillI,a TaIOKeH,lJ,eHTHcpHIJ;HpOBaTbXpOMO­COMHYJOrrpHpo,lJ,y reHeTH'-IeCKHX HapyrneHHH, 5IBJI5IeTC5IMeTO,lJ,,lJ,HcpcpepeHIJ;HpOBaHHoH G-oKpacKH, KOTOpbIHrr03BOJI5IeTHe TOJIbKOBbI5IBHTbCTPYKTYpHble rrOBpeJK,lJ,e­HillI, HO H YCTaHoBHTb JIOKaJIH3aL\HlOcaHToB rroBbIIlleH­HOH JIOMKOCTHXpOMOCOM (Ohtaki K., 1992).

OE'bEKT H METO,II;bI HCCJIE)J;OBAHHH

B OT,lJ,aJIeHHbleCpOKH rrOCJIeQepH06bmbcKoH KaTacTpo­

cpbI 06CJIe,lJ,OBaHbI42 pe6eHKa, rrO,lJ,BeprIIIHXC5IB03,lJ,eH­CTBHlO HOHH3HpyIO~ero H3JIY'-IeHH5IB nepHO,lJ,BI-ryTpH­yrp06Horo pa3BHTillI, H 15 - KOHTpOJIbHOH rpyrrrrbL

B l-lQ rpyrrrry BOIIIJIH 22 pe6eHKa, pO,lJ,HBIIIHXC5IOT6epe­

MeH!-1blxHa MOMeHT aBapHH, .3BaKyHpoBaHHblx H3 r. ITpH­rr5ITb(rro THrry 06JIY'-IeHH5IHX MO)KI-!OOTHeCTHK BapHaH­TY oCTporo O,lJ,HOKpaTHoro).

Bo 2-lO rpyrrrry BOIIIJIH 20 ,lJ,eTeH,06lJY'-IeHHbIX KaK B ne­pHO,lJ,BHYrpHYTP06Horo pa3BHTillI, TaK H BrroCJIe,lJ,yIo~Hero,lJ,bI )KI13HH (rrpO)KI1BalOIl(He B HapO,lJ,H'J:CKOMpaHoHc

>KHTOMHpCKOH 06JIaCTH).

KOHTpOJIbHYlO (3-lO) rpyrrny COCTaBHJIH 15 geTCH1986 roga pOJK,lJ,eHillI,rrpO)KI1BaIO~He B6JIarorrOJIY'-IHOMrro pa,lJ,HaIJ;HOHHOH06CTaHOBKe perHoHe.

3KBHBaJIeHTHble,lJ,03bI06.nyqeHillI KpacHoro KOCTHoro M03­ra llJIO,lJ,arrpH OCTpOM06.nyqeI-IHH HaxO)J,I1JIHCbB ,lJ,Harra30­He OT 10,lJ,0 376 M3B,npH xpoHWIecKoM 06.nyqemIHgeTeH,BKJIIOt.J:a5IaHTeHaTaJIbHbIHrrepHog, - oT4,7 ,lJ,052 M3B.

DHToreHeTHt.J:ecKoe 06CJIe,lJ,OBaHHerrpoBogHJIH rrOCJIeKOMrrJIeKCI-IOrO KJIHHHt.J:eCKorooCMoTpa H MegHKo-re­HeTHt.J:eCKoroKOHCYJIbTHpOBaHillI <·5I,lJ,epHoH,>ceMbH npo­6aHgoB KaK OCHOBHbIX,TaK H KOHTpOJIbHOH rpyrrrr. ITpH.3TOMHCKJIIOt.J:aJIHCb3a60JIeBaI-IH5I,CB5I3aHHblec Hapyrne­HillIMH perrapaIJ;HH ,l],HK H XpOMOCOMHOH Hecra6HJIbHO­CTbIO.B Tet.J:eHHe3 Mec ,lJ,0Hat.J:aJIa06CJIe,lJ,OBaI-IHH,lJ,eTH

He 60JIeJIH BHPYCI-IbIMHHHcpeKIJ;HHMH,He BaKu;HHHpOBa­JIHCb,T.e. 6bIJIH HCKJIlOt.J:eHbIOCHOBHbIe cpaKTopbI, KOTO­pbIe MorJIH rrOBJIH5ITbI-Iape3YJIbTaTbI IJ;HTOreHeTHt.J:eCKO­ro aI-IaJIH3a.

KOMllJIeKCHOeKJIHHWIeCKoe H IJ;I1TOreHeTHY:eCKOe06CJIe­

,lJ,OBaI-IHerrpOBe,lJ,eHO,lJ,eT5IMB B03pacTe 10-12 JIeT.

,lJ,JI5In0JIY'-IeHHHrrperrapaToB MeTacpa3HblxxpOMOCOM re­rrapHHH3HpoBaHJ-IYI0 KpOBb KyJIbTHBHpOBaJIH rro CTaH­,lJ,apTHoMY rrOJIYMHKpOMeTO,lJ,y B rrHTaTeJIbHOH cpe,lJ,eHAM'S F-1O «<Seromed», Germany), cogep)Ka~eH L-rIIY­TaMHH, C,lJ,06aBJIeHHeM.3M6pHOHaJIbHOHTeJI5It.J:beHCbIBO­pOTKH «<Seromed», Germany) H cpHToreMarrmoTHHHHa(PHA-M, «Difco», USA) B Tet.J:eHHe48-50 t.J:(rrOCJIe,lJ,HHe2 t.J:- C KOJIXHIJ;HHOM,«Merk», Germany), t.J:TOn03BOJIH­JIO aHaJIH3HpOBaTb KJIeTKH, HaXO,lJ,5I~HeC5IrrpeHMy~e­

CTBeHHO B rrepBoM rrOCTpa,l],HaL\HOHHOMMHT03e.

ITpenapaTbI rr0JIY'-IaJIH rrOCJIe rHrroToHHt.J:ecKoH o6pa­60TKH (0,075 M pacfEop KCl npH TeMrrepaTYpe 37 'C) HTpexKpaTHoH cpHKCaIJ;HH,HCrrOJIb3Y5I.3TaHOJIH JIeg5II-Iyro

119

Stepanova, Misharina / International Journal of Radiation Medicine 2001, 3 (3-4): 118-122

glacial acetic acid in ratio 3:1.For obtaining differen­tially G-coloured chromosomes the preparationswere dipped into Trypsin (2 S mg: 100 ml of distilledwater) for 4 seconds. To colouring Gimza's methodwas applied.

Cytogenetic analysis was carried out using a visualkaryotyping of individual chromosomes. Not lessthan 200 metaphases responding to necessary re­quirements were analysed in each examined pa­

tient. All the aberrations of chromosome (translo­cation, deletion, inversion, acentric fragments, di­centrics and ring chromosomes) and chromatid

(single fragments, exchanges) types (with the ex­ception of gaps) were taken into account.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The results of cytogenetic examination of childrenof control group testify to that the mutation rate inthe somatic cells was at the population level. So, amean frequency of aberrant cells and chromosome

aberrations in group, showed through structuralabnormalities of both chromosome and chroma­

tid types, being identical was 2.71±0.61 %.The aber­rations of chromosome type were representedmainly by pair fragmcnts (0.57±0.23%) and anoma­lous monocentrics (mainly by terminal deletionswithout acentric fragments) (0.43±0.15%). Thenumber of aberrations with chromatid type was1.57±0.38%, which were represented only by singlefragments.

In children examined at the age of 10-11, whose redbone matTOW was inadiated during intrauterine de­velopment in doses from 10 to 376 mSv, the amountof the aberrant cells (8.66± 1.23%) and the mean fre­quency of chromosome aberrations (9.07±1.34%)exceeded parameters of the control (P<O.oS). Thus,the individual frequency of aberrant chromosomesranged from 2 up to 18.5 per 100 cells. In 17 childrenthe level of abenant cells exceeded 3%.The majorityof chromosome damages were represented by theabetTations of chromosome type (7.2±1.l7%), whilethe stable structural abnormalities (translocation, in­version, deletions) were registered in 21 children andconsisted of S.64±0.94%, that significantly exceededthe control parameters (P<O.OS). The unstable chro­mosome damages were registered with the frequen­cy of 1.43±0.3 S%and were mainly represented by pairfragments, dicentric and ring chromosomes, that canbe a consequence of abenation preservation of thistype aswell as in the founder cells, and in the fraction

of long-living peripheral lymphocytes.

The number of aberrations of chromatid type (sin­gle fragments and exchanges) was 2±0.2S% and itdid not differ from data on the children in control

group (P>O.OS).

In children exposed to ionising radiation as in periodof prenatal development as at further stages of onto­genesis (chronic type of irradiation) and with the

120

yKCYCH)'IOKHCJI01)' B COOTHOIlleHI1I1 3: 1.~JUI nOl1)"IeHI1H,1.\I1ct)(pepeHl~I1pOBaHHoG-oKpaIlleHHhIx XpOMOCOM npe­napaThI norpY'.tKaJII1 B TpI1nCI1H (25 Mr: 100 MJI ,1.\I1CTI1JI­JII1pOBaHHoH BO,1.\hI)Ha 4 c. OKpalIlI1BaJII1 no MeT0.L\YfI1M­3 hI.

IJ)-noreHeTI1'-1eCKHH aHaJII13 npOBO,1.\I1JIHc BI13YaJIhHbIMKapI10nmHpOBaHI1eM I1H,1.\I1BI1,1.\yaJIbHhIXXpOMOCOM.AHaJII13I1pOBaJII1He MeHee 200 MeTacpa3K;DK,D;orO06cJIe­.L\YeMoro, KOTophIe OTBe'-laJII1He06xo,1.\I1MhIMTpe60Bam!­HM.Y'-II1ThIBaJII1Bce a6eppaQI1I1 XpOMocoMHoro ('rpaHc­JIOKaQI1I1,,1.\eJIeQI1I1,I1HBepCHI1, aQeHTpH'-IeCKI1e cppar­MeHThI, ,1.\I1QeHTpI1KH 11 KOJIhQeBhIe XpOMOCOMhI) 11

XpOMaTH,1.\HOrO(O,1.\I1HO'-lHhIecpparMeHThI, 06MeHbI) TH­nOB 3a I1CKJIIO'-leHI1eMnp06eJIOB.

PE3YJIbTATbI II IIX OECY)I(,l];EHIIE

Pe3YJIhTaThI QI1TOreHeTI1'-1eCKOrO I1ccJIe,1.\OnaHI1H,1.\eTeI1KOHTpOJIhHOH rpyrrnhI CBI1,1.\eTeJIhCTBYIOT,'-11'0'-IaCTOTaM)'T3QI1HB COMaTH'-IeCKI1XKJIeTKax Ha..XO,1.\I1JIaChHa nony­

IDIQI10HHOMypoBHe. TaK, Cpe,1.\HerpyrrnOBaH'-IacroTa a6ep­paHTHhIX KJIeTOK11a6eppaL~I1HXpOMOCOM,KOTophIe rrpe,1.\­CTaBJIeHhICTpyK1YpHhIMHaHOMaJIH5IMHKaKxpoMoCOMHO­ro, TaK H XpOMaTI1,1.\HOrOTI1rrOB, 6hIJIa O,1.\I1HaKoBotI 11COCTaBJI5IJIa2,71 ±0,61 %.A6eppaQI1I1 XpOMOCO~1HOronmanpe,1.\CTaBJIeHhIfJIaBHhIM 06pa301\1 napHhIMH cpparMeI-I'l'a­MI1 (0,57±0,23%) 11aHOMaJIhHhIMH MOHOL\eHTpHKaMI1 ­rrpeI1MYIQeCTBeHHo TepMI1HaJIhHhI1\1H ,1.\eJIeL\HHMI16e3

aQeHTpI1'-1eCKHXcpparMeHToB (0,43±0, IS%). t{I1CJIOa6ep­paQHH XpOManI.L\HOrO THrra, rrpe,1.\CTaBJIeHHhIXTOJIhKOO,1.\HHO'-lHhIMHcpparMeHTaMH, COCTaBJI5IJIO1,57±0,38%.

Y,1.\eTeH,KOTophIe nOJIy'-II1JIHBrrepHO,1.\BHYlpI1yrp06Horopa3BHnrn ,1.\03Y06JIy'-IeHH5IKpacHoro KOCTHOrOM03ra 01'10,1.\0376 M3B,06CJIe,1.\OBaHHhIxBB03paCTe 10-11 JIeT,KO­JIH'-IeCTBOa6eppaHTHhIx KJIeTOK(8,66±1,23%) H Cpe,1.\HC­rpyrrrrOBaH '-IacroTa a6eppaQI1}! XpOMOCOM (9,07±1,34%)npeBhIIllaJIH nOKa3aTClIH KOHTpOJIhHOHrpyrrnhI (p<O,OS).I1H.L\HBH.L\YaJIhHaH'-IaCTOTaa6eppaHTHhIX XpOMOCOM KO­JIe6aJIaCh01' 2,1.\018,5 Ha 100 KJIeTOKY 17 ,1.\eTCHypOBCHha6eppaHTHhIx KJIeTOKrrpCBhIIllaJI 3%. EOJIhIllHHCTBO rro­BpeiK,L\eHHH XpOMOCOM npe,1.\CTaBIIeHhI a6eppaQH5Ii'vlHXpOMOCOMHoro THrra (7,20±1,17%), CTa6HJIhHhIC CTPYK­1)'pHhIe aHOMaJIHH (TpaHCJIOKaL\HH,HHBCpCHH,,1.\CJICL\HH)3apcrHCTpHpOBaHhI y 21 pc6cHKa H COCTaBHJIH S,64±0,94 %,'-11'0,1.\OCTOBepHOnpCBhIlllaJIO rrOKa3aTClIH KOHTpO­JI5I(p<O,OS). Hccra6I1JIhHhIC nOBpCiK,L\eHH5IXpOMOCO!ll pC­fHCTpHpOBaJII1ChC '-IaCTOTOH1,43±0,35%. OHH npe,1.\ITJB­JICHhI B OCHOBHOMnapHhIMH cpparMCI-ITaJl,IH,,1.\HQCHTPH­'-ICCKHMI1 11KOJIhQeBhIMI1 XpOMOCOMaMI1, '-11'0MO)j(eTHBJI5IThCHcne,1.\CTBHeMCOXpaHCHH5Ia6eppaQI1H 3Toro THnaKaK BCTBOJIOBhIXKJIeTKax,TaK 11BOcppaKQI1I1,1.\OJIrO)K11BY­lI~HX nepHcpepwleCI<HX JII1McpOQI1TOB.

t{HCJIO a6cppaQI1H xpOMaTH,1.\HorO THna (O,1.\HHO'-lHbIecpparMeHThI H 06MeHhI) COCTaBJI5IJIO2±0,2S% 11He OTJIH­'-IaJIOCh01' ,1.\aHHhIX,rrOJIy'-ICHHhIXrrpH 06CJIel~OBaHHI1,1.\e­TeH KOHTpOJIhHOH rpyrrIIhI (p>0,05).

Y ,1.\eTCH,nO,1.\BeprIllI1XCHB03,1.\CHCTBHIOHOHH3HPi'10IQeroI13JIy'-!eHI15IKaK B nCpHO,1.\BH)'TpHYTp06HOrO pa3BI1nI5I, TaK

H Ha nocne.L\YIoIL\HX3Tarrax OHToreHC3a (xpOHH'-ICCKI1H11111

Stepanova, Misharina / International Journal of Radiation Medicine 2001, 3 (3-4): 118-122

equivalent exposure dose to red bone marrow for all

the pedods from 4.7 up to S2mSv, the mean frequen­cy of the aberrant cells and chromosome aberrations

in groups was 7.1S±2.39% and 7.63±2.92% respectively

and exceeded parameters of the control (P<O.OS).

The individual frequency of aberrant metaphasesranged from 1.5% up to 21 %. Thus the level of aber­

rant cells exceeded 3% in 14 children. The majority

of the registered damages was represented byaber­rations of chromosome type and was 77%.

The mean group level of unstable markers of irra­

diation (dicentric and ring chromosomes) (1.75±0.25%) significantly exceeded the parameters of the

control (P<O.OS). The significant augmentation of

stable (4.23± 1.06%) chromosome damages (P<O.OS)was also marked. Translocations and inversions

were registered in 14 children of them. Their mean

group frequency was 0.73 per 100 cells and statisti­

cally significantly exceeded parameters of the con­trol. The level of deletions also significantly exceed­

ed parameters of the control (P<O.OS) and was

(3.38±0.87%). The terminal deletions were prevailedin a spectrum of deletion chromosomes.

The aberrations of chroma tide type were registered

with the frequency of 1.6S±0.2% and correspond­ed to control group (P>O.OS).

The determination of a damage degree in somebands during formation of stable and unstable aber­

rations allowed to establish the significant exceed­

ing of an amount of breakages in chromosomes ofexposed groups in comparison with the control.

The comparative analysis of point distribution inchromosome breakage has shown non-random al­

location of chromosome damages (proportional­ly to the chromosome length and DNA contents in

them). However, for the first group the preliminarylocalisation of the identified breakages is character­istic in 1,2,3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17 chromosomes. Chro­

mosomes 6, 10, 15,21, X were less damaged.

The increased damage of 1,4, 5,9, 17,22 chromo­

somes was observed in the second group. in 6, 8,

10, 19,20 chromosomes the breakages were regis­tered less often. The localisation of the heightened

fragility fields, that is characteristic for both groups,

is shown in table. It is necessary to mark, that nodamages of Y chromosome were detected as in

main as in control groups.

The predominant localisation of break points wasmarked in euchromatin sites of chromosomes, where

it is registered about 90% of all damages is registered.

06lI)"-Iemrn) c 3KB11BaneillH0I1 ,0;0301106JlyqeI-IJ.rn KpaCI-IOfO

KOcrnOro M03ra 3a BeCb rrep11o/..\4,7-52 M3B, cpe/..\Herpyrr­

rrOBa5!qaCfOTa a6eppaHTIIbIX KJICTOK11a6eppau;I1I1 xpOMO­COMpaBI-I5IJlaCbCOOTBCTCfBeHHO7,IS±2,39% 117,63±2,92%,

rrpeBblIlIa5! rrOKa3aTCJl11KOHTpOJlbHOI1rpyrrrrbl (p<O,OS).

I1H/..\11BYf/..\YaJIbHa51qaCTOTa a6eppaHTHbIx MeTacpa3 Konc­

6aJIaCb 01' 1,5/..\021 %. TIp11 3TOM Y 14 /..\eTel1 KOJIJ11-IeCTBOa6eppaHTHblX KJIeTOKrrpeBbIIlIaJIO 3%. EOJIbIlI11HCTBO3a­

penICrp11pOBaHHbIX rroBpe)!(/..\emII1 rrpe/..\cTaBneHo a6ep­pal\1151M11XpOMocoMHoro TMrla 11COCTaB11JIO77%.

Cpe/..\HerpyrrrroBol1 ypoBeHb HeCTa611JIbHbIX MapKepoB

06JlyqeHI151 (/..\Hl\eI-ITpWleCKHe 11 KOJIbl\eBbIe XpOl'v!OCO­MbI) (l,75±0,25%) /..\ocToBepHo rrpeBblIliaJI rrOKa3aTeJI11

KOHTpOnbHOI1 rpyTIrrbI (p<O,OS). OTMeqaJIOCb TaIQKe /..\0­

cToBepHoe yneJlHqeHHe CTa6HJIbHbIX (4,2 3± 1,06%) rro­Bpe)!(/..\eH1111XpOMOCOM (p<O,OS). Cpe/..\11H11XTpaHCJIOKa­

l\H11 11 11HBepC11H 3aperHCTpHpOBaHbI y 14 /..\eTel1. I1xcpe/..\HerpyrrrrOBa5! qaCTOTa COCraBJI5Ifla 0,73 Ha 100 KJIe­

TOK 11_CTaTHCTIlqeCKI-I/..\ocToBepHo rrpeBbIIliaJIa rr01(;13a­

TeJI11 KOHTpOJI5I. YpoBeHb /..\eJIel\1111raIQKe ,o;ocToBepHo

rrpeBblIliaJI rrOKa3aTeJIH KOHTpOJI51(p<O,OS) 11COCTaBJI5lJI

(3,38±0,87%). B cneKTpe /..\eJIeTIlpOBaHHblx XpOMOCOMnpe06JIJ/.-IaJI11 TepM11HaJIbHbIe /..\eneL(1111.

A6eppal\1111 XP01\.JaTI1/..\Horo nma perI1CTpI1pOBaJII1Cb C

qaCTOTOI1 1,6S±0,2% 11COOTBeTCTBOBaJII1TaKOBbIM y /..\C­Tel1 KOHTpOJIbHOI1 rpyrrnbI (p>O,OS).

B pe3YJIbTaTe onpe/..\eneHI151 CTeneH11 nOBpe)!(/..\aeMOCTI1

OT/..\eJIbHbIX6eH/..\oB npI1 cpOpMI1pOBaH11I1 Cra611JIbHbIX 11I-IeCra6I1nbHbIX a6eppal\1111 YCTaI-IOBneHO 3HalI11TeJIbI-IOe

npeBbllJICHI1e KOJII1lIeCTBa pa3pbIBOB BXpOMOCOMax 3KC­

rrOH11pOBaHHbIx rpynrr no CpaBI-IeI-I11IOC KOHTpOJICl\1.

CpaBH11TeJIbHbII1 aHaJIH3 pacnpe/..\enCHI17I TOlIeK pa3pbI­

BOB XpOMOCOM nOKa3;m Hecnyqal1HOe pacnpe/..\eJIeH11e

XpOMOCOMHbIX nOBpe)!(/..\eHI111(nponOpI1;I10HaJIbHO MI1­He XpOMOCOM 11COt(epiKaHI1IO ,I(HK B H11X).O/..\HaKO lVI7I

/..\eTel1 1-11 rpyrrnbI xapaKTepI-Ia npeI1Mym:ecTBeHHa5! JIO­KaJIH3aI1;I15111/..\eHT11cpI1I(I1pOBaI1I-IbIXpa3pbIBoB B 1,2,3,5,

7, 11, 13-11 1117 -11.3HalI11TeJIbHO MeHbIlIe nOBpe)!(/..\aJI11Cb6, 10, 15,21-51 11X-XpOMOCOMbl.

Bo 2-11 rpyrrne OTMClIaJIaCb nOBbIIlieHHa51 rrOBpeiKtlae­MOCTb 1,4,5,9, 17-11 H 22-11 XpOMOCOM. Pa3pbIBbI B 6,8,

10, 19, 20-11 XpoMocoMax pCmC1p11pOBaJI11Cb peiKe. 110­KaJI113al\11RyqaCTKOB nOBbIUIeHHOI1 JIOMKOCTI1,xapaKTep­

H0I1 M5I 06eI1X rpJ11I1, rrpe/..\cTaBneHa BTa6JII1l\e. CJIe/..\YerOTMeT11Tb, lITO KaK B OCHOBHbIX rpyrrnax, TaK 11 B KOHT­

pOJIbHOI1 He 6bIflO BbI7IBJIeHOnOBpe>K/..\eH1111Y-XpOMOCO­Mbl.

TIpe11My'lLleCTBeHIfaR JIOKaJI113al\I15ITOlIeK pa3pbIBOB OTMC­

lIaJIaCb B 3yxpOMaTIIHOBbIX yqacfKax XpOMOCOM, B KOTO­

pbIX 3apefI1CrpI1p0I3aHO OKOJIO90% Bcex nOBpe)!(/..\eI-lI1l1.

121

Stepan ova, Misharina / International Journal of Radiation Medicine 2001,3 (3-4): 118-122

For establishment of possible correlation between

the frequency, type of structural damages in chro­mosomes and equivalent exposure doses of red

bone marrow it was carried out correlation analy­sis. In children exposed to acute prenatal irradia­

tion in the dose range from 10 up to 376 mSv the

availability of authentic correlation connection

between the frequency of aberrant cells (r=0.34),chromosome aberrations (r=0.39), as well as stable

chromosome damages of the apparatus (r=0.33)and equivalent exposure doses of red bone marrow

were established. Such dependencies were not es­

tablished in chronic type of irradiation to red bone

marrow in the range from 4.7 to 52 mSv.

Thus, in children exposed to acute prenatal irradi­

ation, the increase in the frequency of structural

chromosome anbnormalities with a predomina­

tion of stable damages and primary localisation ofthe identified breakages in 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17chromosomes is marked in remote terms after the

Chernobyl accident. In children exposed to chron­

ic irradiation the augmentation both stable and un­

stable induced chromosome aberation and height­ened damage of 1,4,5,9,17,22 chromosomes areobserved.

REFERENCES

Ohtaki KG-banding analysis of radiation-in­duced chromosome damage in lymphocytes of Hi­roshima A-bomb survivors. Jpn J Human Genet,1992, 37: 245- 262.

Pilinskaya M., Day R., rflald N. The cytogeneticconsequences of in children of continuosresidence

in towns contaminated by the Chernobyl accident(1986-1991): a methodological and epidemiolo-

122

,.Qmr YCTaHOBJIem151B03MO)KHOH B3aI1MOCB5I3I1Me~ qa­CTOTOH11THrrOM CTpyKrypHbIX rrOBpe)K)J;eHI1HXpOMOCOM

11.3KBI1BaJIeHTHbIMI1,l.103aMI106JTy'IeHI15I KpacHoro KOCT­Horo M03ra rrpOBe,l.1eH KOppeJI5I~I10HHbIH aHaJII13. Y ,l.1e­

TeH, rrO,l.1BeprIIII1XC5IoCTp0MY BHYTPHYTP06HOMY 06JTy'Ie­1-II1IOB W1arra30He ,l.103OT 10 ,l.10 376 M3B, YCTaHOBJIeHO

lIaJII1qI1e ,lJ;OCTOBepHoH KOppeJI5I~I10HHOH CB5I3I1Me~qaCTOTOH a6eppaHTHblx KJIeTOK (r=0,34), a6eppa~I1H

XpOMOCOM (r=0,39), TaK)Ke cTa6I1JIbHbIX rrOBpe)K)J;erII1HXpOMocoMHoro arrrrapaYa (r=0,33) 11 .3KBI1BaJIeHTHbIMl1

,lJ;03aMl106JTy'IeHl15I KpaCHoro KOCTHOrO M03ra. TIpl1 xpo­Hl1qeCKOM Tl1rre 06JTy'IeHl15I KpacHoro KOCTHoro M03ra,lJ;03aMI1B,l.1l1arra30He OT 4,7 ,lJ;052 M3B TaKlIX 3aBl1Cl1MOC­

TeH He YCTaHOBJIeHo.

TaKIIM 06pa30M, B OT,lJ;aJIeHHbIeCpOKlI rrOCJIe aBapl1l1 Ha

'LfA3C y ,l.1eTeH,nO,lJ;BeprIIIlIXC5IOCTp0MY BHYTPHYTP06HO-

. MY06JTy'IeHl1IO, OTMeQaeTC5I rrOBblIIIeHl1e QaCTOTbI ClPYK­TypHbIX aI-IOMaJIl1HXpOMOCOM C rrpeBaJIl1pOBaHl1eM CTa­6l1JIbHbIXnOBpe)K)J;emIH 11rrpel1MYIIIeCTBeHHOH JIOKaJI113a­

~l1eH I1,l.1eI-ITHcj:>l1~I1pOBaI-IHbIXp;13pbIBOB B 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 11,

13-H 1117 -H XpOMOCOMax Y ,lJ;eT~H,nO,lJ;BeprIIIlIXC5IXPOHl1­QeCKoMY pa,z:J;I1a~I10I-IHoMYB03,lJ;eHCTBmO, Ha6mo,lJ;aeTC5I

YBeJIl1QeI-II1eKaK CTa6l1JIbHbIX, YaK 11HeCTa6l1JIbHbIX l1HAY­~l1pOBaHHbIX XpOMOCOMHbIX a6eppa~l1H 11nOBblIIIeHHa5I

rrOBpe)K)J;aeMOCTb 1,4, 5,9, 17 -H 1122-H XpOMOCOM.

gical report. In: AI. Nyagu, GN. Souchkevitch (Eds.) Pro­ceedings of the 2nd International Conference «Long-termHealth Consequences of the Chernobyl Disaster'>,]une 1­6, 1998, Kiev. Chernobylinterinform, Kiev, 1998, 115 p.

StepanovaE.1. Health condition of children irradiated

in utero. In: Proceedings of the International Conference

One Decade After Chernobyl. Summing up the Conse­quence of the Accident, Vienna, April 8-10, 1996, IAEAVienna, 1996, pp. 253-260.

RETt'RN t1~is ioan to: CAS

2'- 'W Ole:i:~i,gy RiVE-i nd.

?8. :.'0': 3G~2; ColumbuS, 0114::J2.1.O-0012