Validation of Water Vapour, Carbon Dioxide and Ozone ... · Validation of Water Vapour, Carbon Dioxide and Ozone spectroscopic parameters in the Infrared region between 5 and 27 micron

FisMat2013, September 10, Milano, Guido MasielloFisMat2013, September 10, Milano, Guido Masiello 1

Applied Spectroscopy

Validation of Water Vapour, Carbon Dioxide Validation of Water Vapour, Carbon Dioxide and Ozone spectroscopic parameters in the and Ozone spectroscopic parameters in the

Infrared region between 5 and 27 micronInfrared region between 5 and 27 micron

Guido MASIELLO1,2, Carmine SERIO1,2, Francesco ESPOSITO1,2, Giulia PAVESE3, Giuseppe GRIECO2, Giuliano

LIUZZI2, Pietro MILILLO2, Sara VENAFRA2

1 CNISM, National Interuniversity Consortium for the Physical Sciences of Matter

2 School of Engineering, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy3 IMAA-CNR, Potenza, Italy


Outline Outline

● ConsistencyConsistency– Using down-welling atmospheric radiance from ECOWAR-

COBRA campaign (March 2007)● I-BEST ● REFIR-PAD

– Water vapor (rotational band @ 20-25 micron) ● Foreign continuum● Line half-widths

● Closure experiments Closure experiments – Results

● IASI data– Carbon Dioxide (ν

2 vibrational band @ 15 micron)

● line coupling– Ozone (ν

1 & ν

3 vibrational bands @ 9.6 micron)

● Spectral parameters● ConclusionsConclusions


ECOWAR/COBRAECOWAR/COBRA

● The key instruments– REFIR and I-BEST, FTS instruments developed in our laboratories in order to

sense properly the Far Infrared portion of atmospheric radiance (More details in Bahwar et al. 2008)

– 10-100 μm with a sampling rate finer than 0.5 cm-1


New water vapor continuum absorption coefficientsNew water vapor continuum absorption coefficients

● Water vapor foreign-broadened continuum coefficients for the range 240 to 590 cm-1 as derived from our analysis and comparison with two versions of MT_CKD model, Burch's (1974) and Tobin data (1999)

● REFIR and I-BEST have provided basic contributions to the science of water vapour spectroscopy: H

2O

rotation band● The Atmosphere is less The Atmosphere is less

opaque than modelopaque than model● More details in

Serio C.,et al., Opt.Ex., 2008


CAVIAR (CAVIAR (ContinuumContinuum Absorption by Visible and IR radiation and Atmospheric Relevance) Absorption by Visible and IR radiation and Atmospheric Relevance) TAFTS (Tropospheric Airborne Fourier Transform Spectrometer)TAFTS (Tropospheric Airborne Fourier Transform Spectrometer)

● Foreign-broadened water vapour continuum in the far-infrared pure rotation band between (85–420 cm−1 )

– Green PD et al., 2012 Phil Trans Roy Soc A doi:10.1098/rsta.2011.0263


ECOWAR/COBRA 15 March 2007, CerviniaECOWAR/COBRA 15 March 2007, Cervinia

● The 15 of March 2007, I-BEST and REFIR were at Cervinia station 2000 m a.s.l. ● REFIR was hosted in the BASIL-lidar container.

I-BESTI-BESTI-BESTI-BEST RS BallonRS BallonRS BallonRS Ballon

REFIRREFIR

REFIRREFIR

BASILBASILBASILBASIL


Colocated I-BEST and REFIR observationsColocated I-BEST and REFIR observations

● An example of REFIR and I-BEST (detector MCT) simultaneous spectra,● The spectral coverage extends from 5 to 40 micron.

– Covering both rotational and vibrational water vapor absorption bands


Synoptic table of spectral parameter used Synoptic table of spectral parameter used

NameName LBLRTMLBLRTMVersionVersion

ContinuaContinuaMT_CKDMT_CKD

ReleasedReleased ChangesChanges Line FileLine File Based onBased on ChangesChanges

11.3 V11.3 V2.1 Nov 2007 aer_v2.1 HIT04+(a)

EC V11.3 V2.1 modified

(b)

Jun 2008 Foreign in [240-590]

cm-1

aer_v2.1 HIT04+(a)

12.0 V12.0 V2.5.2 Dec 2010 Self and Foreign

(d)

aer_v3.0 HIT08, (c)Not for

H2O&CO

2

H2O Half-

widths in [350-667] cm-1 (d)

(a) Gordon et al. (2007), JQSRT, doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2007.06.009.(b) Serio et al. (2008), Opt.Ex., doi:10.1364/OE.16.015816. (c) Rothman et al. (2009), JQSRT, doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2009.02.01(d) Delamere et al. (2010), JGR, doi:10.1029/2009JD012968


Consistency with I-BEST @ 20 micron Consistency with I-BEST @ 20 micron

Name Bias (R.U.) RMS (R.U.)

11.3 0.24 1.58

EC 0.20 1.20

12.0 0.17 1.13

● Both EC and 12.0 outperform the 11.3 one,

● There are regions where EC fits better than 12.0 the spectra (495 & 530)(495 & 530) cm-1

and regions where 12.0 fits better EC (505 & 550)(505 & 550) cm-1


Consistency with REFIR @ 20 micron Consistency with REFIR @ 20 micron


11.3 -0.12 1.32

EC -0.17 0.98

12.0 -0.16 0.91

● Both EC and 12.0 outperform the 11.3 one,

● There are regions where EC fits better than 12.0 the spectra (465, 495 & 530)(465, 495 & 530) cm-1 and regions where 12.0 fits better than EC (505 & 550)(505 & 550) cm-1


Consistency with REFIR @ 25 micron Consistency with REFIR @ 25 micron


11.3 -0.38 1.10

EC -0.02 0.60

12.0 0.08 0.59

● Both EC and 12.0 outperform the 11.3 one, and they fit the window @ 406 cm-1

● EC fits better than 12.0 the spectra @ 380 & 435380 & 435 cm-1 while 12.0 fits better than EC around 450450 cm-1


Comparing residuals with radiometric noiseComparing residuals with radiometric noise

● The mean residuals are larger than the radiometric noise.– In the CO2 band (Temperature profile)– In the Ozone band (Ozone Profile)– In H2O rotational band (Water Vapour profile)

● It is crucial to perform a closure experiment (Masiello et al. 2009).


Closure: Flow chartsClosure: Flow charts

th2=N ch22 N ch

● The inverse model – δ-IASI – Details in Carissimo

et al. 2005.● The forward model

– σ-IASI – Details in Amato et

al. 2002.– See Liuzzi

yesterday presentation.


Comparing residuals with radiometric noiseComparing residuals with radiometric noise

● The mean residuals are larger than the radiometric noise.– In the CO2 band (Temperature profile)– In the Ozone band (Ozone Profile)– In H2O rotational band (Water Vapour profile)

● It is crucial to perform a closure experiment (Masiello et al. 2009).


Closure ProfilesClosure Profiles

● First guess profiles come from the ancillary information properly tuned as described in Esposito et al 2007, Masiello et al 2012.

● The Retrieved profiles, in green, fit better the observations but systematic features still appears.


Closure profile Consistency @ 22 micron Closure profile Consistency @ 22 micron


12.0 0.08 1.1

Retr -0.1 0.9

12.0 -0.07 0.7

Retr -0.02 0.8

● No sensitive improvements with the retrieved profiles.

● The RMS slightly decrease for I-BEST due the better performance between [490 - 530][490 - 530] cm-1

● For REFIR RMS slightly increase due to the worse performance @ 370 & 420370 & 420 cm-1


Closure profile Consistency @ 15 micron Closure profile Consistency @ 15 micron

● Both bias and RMS reduce with Retrieved profiles

● But the residuals around 600 and 740 cm-1 are greater than the radiometric error.

– Esposito et al. 2007.


12.0 0.5 1.2

Retr 0.09 1.1

12.0 0.6 1.2

Retr -0.4 1.1


Fitting IASI data @ 15 micronFitting IASI data @ 15 micron

● In the CO2 ν

2 Band IASI error is the half of the I-BEST one.

● The systematic features @ 740 cm-1 are reduced but still persist. – Masiello and Serio 2013.


Impact of COImpact of CO22 line coupling line coupling

● The bias line in magenta is obtained using LBLRTM 9.4, without the Hartmann model for the CO

2 line coupling

– Niro et al. 2005, JQSRT doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2004.11.011)


Closure profile Consistency @ 9.6 micron Closure profile Consistency @ 9.6 micron

● Retrieved profile fit very well observation in the Ozone band.

● Residual is in the error band that for I-BEST is very low (~0.3 mW/m2-cm-1-sr).


12.0 1.0 1.3

Retr 0.06 0.3

12.0 0.5 0.9

Retr -0.2 0.6


Fitting IASI data @ 9.6 micron Fitting IASI data @ 9.6 micron

● The lower panel shows the residual between IASI observed and fitted spectra. ● Residual is almost in the error band that for IASI is smaller than the I-BEST

one (~0.25 mW/m2-cm-1-sr).– More details in Masiello and Serio 2013.


ConclusionsConclusions● ConsistencyConsistency

– Water vapor Foreign continuum parameters retrieved from ECOWAR/COBRA campaign represent a breakthrough with respect to MT_CKD 2.1

– They are in agreement with coefficient derived during CAVIAR campaign with TAFTS instrument.

– LBLRTMv12.0LBLRTMv12.0 and ECEC show the same consistency with the Observations in the Rotational Water Vapor Band

● ClosureClosure– For these spectral resolution, the quality of Ozone spectral

parameters is very good.– There are still problems in the ν

2 CO2 band around 610 and

740 cm-1.● Larger in the LW portion (Uninvestigated from satellite)!

– There are still problems in the Water Vapor Rotational band (Uninvestigated from satellite).


ReferencesReferences● Amato U., Masiello G., Serio C., Viggiano M. (2002). The σ-IASI code for the calculation of infrared atmospheric radiance and its

derivatives. Environ. Modell. Softw., 17, 651-667, doi: 10.1016/S1364-8152(02)00027-0● Bhawar R., Bianchini G., Bozzo A., Cacciani M., Calvello M.R, Carlotti M., et al. (2008). Spectrally Resolved Observations of Atmospheric

Emitted Radiance in the H2O Rotation Band. Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L04812, doi: 10.1029/2007GL032207● Burch D.E. and Gryvnak D.A., (1979) Method of calculating H2O transmission between 333 and 633 cm−1, Tech. Rep. AFGL-TR-79-0054, Air

Force Geophysics Lab., Hanscom AFB, Massachusetts● Carissimo A, De Feis I., Serio C.(2005). The physical retrieval methodology for IASI: the δ-IASI code. Environ. Modell. Softw., 20, 1111-

1126, doi: 10.1016/j.envsoft.2004.07.003● Delamere J.S., Clough S.A.,Payne V.H., Mlawer E.J., Turner D.D., Gamache R.R. (2010) A far-infrared radiative closure study in the Arctic:

application to water vapor. J. Geophys. Res., 115:D17106, doi:10.1029/2009JD012968. ● Esposito F., Grieco G., Masiello G., Pavese G., Restieri R., Serio C., Cuomo V. (2007). Intercomparison among line-parameters spectroscopic

databases using downwelling spectral radiance. Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 133, 191-202, doi: 10.1002/qj.131● Green P.D., Newman S.N., Beeby R.J., Murray J.E.,Pickering J.C., Harries J.E. (2012) Recent advances in measurement of the water vapour

continuum in the far-IR spectral region. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A, doi:10.1098/rsta.2011.0263.● Gordon I.E., Rothman L.S., Gamache R.R., Jacquemart D., Boone C., Bernath P.F.,et al. (2007) Current updates of the water-vapor line list in

HITRAN: a new diet for air-broadened half-widths. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. 108/3:389–402, doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2007.06.009.● Masiello G. and Serio C, (2013). Simultaneous physical retrieval of surface emissivity spectrum and atmospheric parameters from infrared

atmospheric sounder interferometer spectral radiances. Appl. Opt., 52, 2428-2446, doi: 10.1364/AO.52.002428● Masiello G., Serio C., Esposito F. and Palchetti L. (2012). Validation of line and continuum spectroscopic parameters with measurements of

atmospheric emitted spectral radiance from far to mid infrared wave number range. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf., 113, 1286-1299, doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2012.01.019

● Masiello G., Serio C., Carissimo A., Grieco G. and Matricardi M. (2009). Application of φ-IASI to IASI: retrieval products evaluation and radiative transfer consistency. Atmos. Chem. Phis., 9, 8771-8783, doi:10.5194/acp-9-8771-2009

● Niro F.,Hase C.,Camy-Peyret C.,Payan S., Hartmann J-M. (2005). Spectra calculations in central and wing regions of CO2 IR bands between 10 and 20 micron. II. Atmospheric solar occultation spectra. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 90:43–59, doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2004.04.004.

● Rothman L.S., Gordon I.E., Barbe A., Benner D.C., Bernart, P.F., Birk M. et al. (2008) The HITRAN 2008 molecular spectroscopic database. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. 110, 533–572, doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2009.02.013.

● Serio C., Esposito F., Masiello G., Calvello M.R., Grieco G., Cuomo V., et al. (2008). Interferometer for Ground-Based Observations of Emitted Spectral Radiance from the Troposphere: Evaluation and Retrieval Performance. Appl. Opt., 47, 3909-3919, doi: 10.1364/AO.47.003909

● Serio C., Masiello G., Esposito F., Di Girolamo P., Di Iorio T., Palchetti L., et al. (2008). Retrieval of foreign-broadened water vapor continuum coefficients from emitted spectral radiance in the H2O rotational band from 240 to 590 cm-1. Opt. Express, 16, 15816-15833, doi: 10.1364/OE.16.015816

● Tobin D.C.,Best F.A.,Brown P.D.,Clough S.A., Dedecker R.G., Ellingson R.G., et al. (1999) Downwelling spectral radiance observations at theSHEBA ice station: water vapour continuum measurements from 16 to 26 micron. J. Geophys. Res. 104(D2):208192. doi:10.1029/1998JD200057.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6VHC-45TY84P-2&_user=10&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=33affc1bff9b8e2b1c3b6a35c91b584e

http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2008/2007GL032207.shtml

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6VHC-4DN17FP-2&_user=10&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=0451b5b78ad907cbd30144bff9396ca3

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2009JD012968/abstract

http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/117858068/abstract

http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/370/1968/2637.abstract

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022407307001768

http://www.opticsinfobase.org/ao/abstract.cfm?uri=ao-52-11-2428


http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/9/8771/2009/acp-9-8771-2009.html



http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?URI=ao-47-21-3909

http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?uri=oe-16-20-15816

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/1998JD200057/abstract

Documents

Validation of Water Vapour, Carbon Dioxide and Ozone ... · Validation of Water Vapour, Carbon Dioxide and Ozone spectroscopic parameters in the Infrared region between 5 and 27 micron