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Values & Beliefs
Sri Warsini, S.Kep.,Ns.,MKes
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Values
Are freely chosen, enduring beliefs orattitudes about the worth
of a person,
object, idea or actionValues are significant in choice
making
(Saladay & McDonnell 1989, p 544)
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Contd
Freedom, courage, family, and dignity areexample of values
Values is basic for forming behavior
A persons real values are shown byconsistent patterns of
behavior Once we aware of our values, they
become an internal control for behavior
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Values and Norms
Values are related to the norms Norms are more general and
abstract Norms are rules for behavior in specific
situations, while values identify what
should be judged as good or bad Flying the national flag on
holiday is a
norm, it reflects value of patriotism
Wearing dark clothing are normativebehavior at a funeral, it
reflects the valuesof respect of other
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Value system
is the organization of a persons valuesalong a continuum of
relative importance
Values underlie purposive behavior which
refers to actions that are performed onpurpose with the
intention of reachingsome goal
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Purposive behavior is based on a personsdecisions or choices,
and these decisionsor choices are based on underlying values
Personal values reflect experiences and apersons
intelligence
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Value set
Each persons; nurse, client and physicianhas a personal set of
values
A value set is the group of values a person
holds Individuals incorporate personal values
into their lives as a result of observing the
behavior and attitudes of parents andteachers and interacting
with theircultural, religion, and social environment
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Type of Values
Intrinsic
Extrinsic
Positif
Negatif
VALUES
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Intrinsic Values
Relates to the maintenance of life
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Positive Values
Is a view of what is desirable or howsomething should be
Ex: Nurses value such as caring
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Negative Values
Is a view of what is undesirable or howsomething should not
be
Ex: Talking unkindly about clients isconsidered by many nurses
to beundesirable. Therefore, being unkind to
clients is a negative value
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Types of Values1. Religious: obtains strength from religious
beliefs
2. Theoretical : Holds truth, rationality, andempiricism in high
esteem
3. Political : Values power4. Economic: Values usefulness and
practicality5. Aesthetic: Values beauty, and harmony
6. Social : Values human interactions is kind,sympathetic, and
unselfish
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Values Transmission
The origin of a persons values are culturesociety, institutions,
and personality
Values are learned through observation &experiences
Acquiring values is a gradual process,usually occurring at an
unconscious level
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Personal values
Some values which derive from the society inwhich they live and
internalize them
Societal values need to feel accepted, butpersonal values to
individualize themselves
Societal values : individual right, autonomy,democracy, equal
opportunity, education,friendship, family
Personal values : self-worth, religion,independence, honesty,
love, sense of humor
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Professional values
Often a reflection and expansion ofpersonal values
Acquired during socialization into nursing
from codes ethics, nursing experiences,teachers and peers
Nursing values relate to competence and
compassion
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Four important values of Nursing(Watson, 1981)
1. Strong commitment to service2. Belief in the dignity and
worth of each
person
3. Commitment to education4. Autonomy
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Beliefs
Are interpretation or conclusions that weaccept as true (Chaffee
1990, p.187)
Based more on faith than on fact and mayor may not true
