VIKAS RATHORE BHUWAN SOMANI SHIVDAN JANGID DINESH JANGIR

VEGETATION IN LANDSCAPING

Why Are Plants Used in the Landscape?

Functional Roles of Plants

Structural Framework

Screening

Enclosing

Framing

Integration

What is Structural Framework?

•The way the yard is laid out. •Dividing larger spaces into smaller spaces. •Will direct viewer through the design.

How Do Plants Screen?

•Block unattractive views. •Consider line of sight to be screened. •Screens observed from a distance-taller & longer. •Denser in areas where people walk by at slower speeds.

How Do Plants Enclose?

•Divide larger areas into smaller subspaces. •Either implied or complete.

•Implied: -Create using small hedges. -Do not interfere with view. -Subdivide the landscape. •Complete: -Use plants that will grow taller than eye level. -Limit view to only the enclosed area.

How Do Plants Frame? •Plant groupings attract viewer’s eyes. •Frame off-site views & incorporate them into the landscape.

How Do Plants Integrate the Landscape?

•Unify the landscape and “tie it together”. •Blend the house and other structures into the landscape.

Functional Uses of Plants

Architectural :- •Form walls, ceilings, and floors •Privacy •Progressive Realization

Aesthetical:- •2 and 3 dimensional plants •Complimentary •Attractors

•Unifiers •Emphasizes •Evocates

•Erosion Control •Acoustical Control •Atmospheric Purification •Glare and Reflection Control

Engineering Uses :-

•Modify solar radiation •Modify wind velocity

Climate Control Uses:-

Types of Plants Native – plants that are natural to the area Exotic – Introduced to the area Naturalized – were exotic but have adapted well to the area and now occur naturally

Trees:- •Act as the ceiling for the outdoor yard. • Provide Shade

Selecting A Tree:- Pay attention to:

•Height of tree •How low the branches are to the ground •Density of foliage •Whether the tree is deciduous or evergreen •Seasonal color, foliage texture, flower and/or fruit bearing •Hardiness •Ease of transplanting •Resistance to Insects or disease

Types of Trees:-

•Wide-oval •Vase-Shaped •Pyramidal •Round •Columnar •Weeping

Wide-oval •Much wider than tall •Often a small tree •Branches low to the ground •Works well to frame & screen •A focal point plant

Wide-oval

SUGAR MAPPLE

Vase-shaped •High, wide-spreading branches •Usually gives excellent shade •Allows human activity underneath •Make excellent street trees

YELLOW BLOSSOM

Pyramidal •Shape is less noticeable as the trees mature •Accent plant •Large, high branching trees allow human activity beneath

Pyramidal

TILIA CORDATA (greenspire)

Round •Width & Height are nearly equal •Usually Dense •Lawn trees •Can be to create grove effects •If large, can be used to create heavy shade

Round

STRAWBERRY

Columnar:- •Much taller than wide •Accent Plant •Frames views & structures •Useful in formal settings

Columnar

CUPRESSUS SEMPERVIRENS ‘strica’

Weeping •Very Graceful •Attracts the eye (focal point) •Screens •Not useful if you want to use the lawn underneath the tree

Weeping

SALIX BABYLONICA

Shrubs:- •Multi stemmed •Used as the wall element

Selecting a Shrub Pay attention to:

•The silhouette of the shrub •Its branching structure •Size •Texture & Density •Color Contributions •Attraction to birds & other wildlife •Existing soil conditions •Hardiness •Resistance to attacks by insects & disease

Types of Shrubs

•Globular •Low & Creeping •Spreading •Arching •Pyramidal •Upright & Loose •Columnar

Globular •As wide as is tall •Attracts attention •Accent plant •Use with a single pyramidal to create a strong eye attraction •Does not mass very well.

Globular

THUJJA OCCIDENTIALIS ‘golden globe’

Low & Creeping •Low growing •Much wider than tall •Masses well •Use to edge sidewalks or cascade over walls •Controls erosion

Low & Creeping

FICUS PUMILA

Spreading •Wider than tall •Medium to large shrub •Masses well •Use at corners of buildings •Useful for screening, privacy & traffic control

Spreading

SPRUCE PUMILA

Arching •Wider than tall •Graceful •Softens corners •Background for flowers & statues •Provides screening

Arching

ACER GINNALA

Pyramidal •Taller than wide •Attracts attention •Usually evergreen •Use to mark entries

Pyramidal

BUXUS PYRAMID SHAPED

Upright & Loose •Taller than wide •Used for screening & framing •Used to soften buildings •Can closely space to create privacy

Upright & Loose

BOXWOOD GREEN MOUNT

Columnar •Width about half of height •Flat topped & dense •Use for hedges if closely placed •Mass closely to create a solid wall

Columnar

JUNIPER, SKYROCKET

Old Plantings, Trees & Shrubs.

Size of the plants.

Health of the plants.

Stage of development.

Will new plants it fit in?

If there isn’t any plants on the site, Why?

Site analysis and Landscape Design

What will be the mature plant size?

Shade and sunny locations.

Will they adapt?

What is the existing wildlife?

Is the existing wildlife a problem?

Do you want to attract wildlife?

North arrow

Sun angles

Micro climates

Wind direction

Views

Topography

Such as: Rose Garden.

Victorian Garden.

Shade Garden.

Wood land Garden.

All Gardens Should be Water Wise.

1-Plan and Design.

2-Create practical turf areas.

3-Improve the soil.

4-Use Mulches.

5-Irrigate efficiently.

6-Maintain the Landscape.

Unity: consistent style.

Texture: surface quality of plants & objects.

Balance: symmetrical vs. Asymmetrical.

Transition: sequential order.

Proportion of Scale: size of plants & objects.

Focalization: curved lines, features.

Landscape maintenance includes watering, fertilizing, mulching, pest control, mowing, edging, winterization and pruning of landscape plants.

Watering should be done at planting and frequently for a few days to prevent roots from drying out. Then less often only as needed.

After plants are established watering should be infrequent and enough to wet soil 12”-16” deep. Different plants have different water needs.

Fertilizer should be mixed in back fill soil at planting for shrubs and trees and in soil bed for annuals and perennials.

Fertilization is not usually needed for established trees, but it should be done by making holes with a drill or soil tube about 12” deep and at 24” intervals around the tree at the canopy drip line where needed.

Shrubs may need small amounts of low analysis fertilizer, but not late in the growing season.

Most lawns need fertilizer.

Mulching should be done at planting and replaced as needed.

Mulch must be replaced over time as it decays.

Edging makes a sharp line of separation between a planting and the lawn.

Can be done with tools or with an edging material such as plastic

Edging materials should be installed at planting time.

Pruning is done to improve appearance and health and to control size and shape of plants.

Pruning is usually done in off-seasons when more labor is available. However, some plants have to be pruned at specific times. Early spring blooming shrubs should be pruned as

soon as flowers fall off so that new buds can form for next year.

Plants that have high sap pressure in early spring such as maples, birches, etc. should not be pruned in the spring.

Damaged branches of trees and shrubs should be removed as soon as possible to prevent more damage to the plant.

Newly planted shrubs should be shaped.

Shrubs that produce flowers on wood grown the previous season should be pruned immediately after flowers fall off the plant.

Examples: Forsythia Azaleas Spirea

Shrubs that bloom on the current year’s growth such as roses should be pruned in fall or early spring.

Shrubs such as hydrangea and spirea require annual pruning to thin out old dead wood

Some suckers or shoots from plant roots should be removed to keep plant from becoming too thick.

Thinning removes certain branches to open up the plant and keep the natural shape.

Heading back removes the end section of branches at the same height so that new shoots make the plant thicker.

Renewal pruning removes old branches that are large and unproductive by cutting them back to ground level. It is usually effective on flowering shrubs.

Root pruning is usually done one growing season prior to transplanting. The general rule is that one inch of stem diameter equals 10” of circle diameter for pruning roots around the plant.