Verbs are “action words” In the beginning God CREATED the heavens and the earthIn the beginning God CREATED the heavens and the earth And the earth

Verbs are “action words”Verbs are “action words”

• In the beginning God CREATED In the beginning God CREATED the heavens and the earththe heavens and the earth

• And the earth WAS without form And the earth WAS without form and voidand void

• God SAID, “Let there BE light.”God SAID, “Let there BE light.”

NounNoun VerbVerb%l,m%l,m

,,%l;m%l;m

''rBeDrBeDii

rb'D'rb'D'jp;v'jp;v'

jP'v.jP'v.mimi

• Person (1Person (1stst, 2, 2ndnd, 3, 3rdrd))

• Gender (Masculine, feminine, or Gender (Masculine, feminine, or common)common)

• Number (Singular or plural)Number (Singular or plural)

• StemsStems

NiphalNiphalPassive Voice

Reflexive Voice

Active Voice

QalQal

““He killed”He killed”

““He was He was killed”killed”

HithpaelHithpael““He killed He killed himself”himself”

PielPiel““He He

murdered”murdered”

PualPual““He was He was

murdered”murdered”

HiphilHiphil““He caused He caused to murder”to murder”

HophalHophal““He was He was

caused to caused to murder”murder”

Simple Simple ActionAction

Intensive Intensive ActionAction

Causative Causative ActionAction


Reflexive Voice

QalQalActive Voice

PualPual

HithpaelHithpael

PielPiel

HophalHophal

HiphilHiphil

““He was He was killed”killed”

““He killed He killed himself”himself”

““He He murdered”murdered”

““He was He was murdered”murdered”

““He caused He caused to murder”to murder”

““He was He was caused to caused to murder”murder”




lq;lq;


Reflexive Voice

QalQalActive Voice

PualPual

HithpaelHithpael

PielPiel

HophalHophal

HiphilHiphil


““He He murdered”murdered”







lq;lq;

l[;p.l[;p.nInI


Reflexive Voice

QalQalActive Voice

PualPual

HithpaelHithpael

PielPiel

HophalHophal

HiphilHiphil








lq;lq;

l[;p.l[;p.nInI

l[ePil[ePi


Reflexive Voice

QalQalActive Voice

PualPual

HithpaelHithpael

PielPiel

HophalHophal

HiphilHiphil







lq;lq;

l[;p.l[;p.nInI

l[ePil[ePi

l[;Pul[;Pu


Reflexive Voice

QalQalActive Voice

PualPual

HithpaelHithpael

PielPiel

HophalHophal

HiphilHiphil






lq;lq;

l[;p.l[;p.nInI

l[ePil[ePi

l[;Pul[;Pu

ly[iply[ip.hi.hi


Reflexive Voice

QalQalActive Voice

PualPual

HithpaelHithpael

PielPiel

HophalHophal

HiphilHiphil





lq;lq;

l[;p.l[;p.nInI

l[ePil[ePi

l[;Pul[;Pu

ly[iply[ip.hi.hi

l[;p.l[;p.h'h'


Reflexive Voice

QalQalActive Voice

PualPual

HithpaelHithpael

PielPiel

HophalHophal

HiphilHiphil




lq;lq;

l[eP;l[eP;t.hit.hi

l[;p.l[;p.nInI

l[ePil[ePi

l[;Pul[;Pu

ly[iply[ip.hi.hi

l[;p.l[;p.h'h'


Reflexive Voice

QalQalActive Voice

PualPual

HithpaelHithpael

PielPiel

HophalHophal

HiphilHiphil




lj;q'lj;q'

lJeq;lJeq;t.hit.hi

lj;q.lj;q.nInI

lJeqilJeqi

lJeqlJequu

lyjiqlyjiq.hi.hilj;q.lj;q.h'h'

• Aspect (tense)Aspect (tense)– Perfect: Completed actionPerfect: Completed action

– Imperfect: Incomplete or progressive Imperfect: Incomplete or progressive actionaction

• CommandsCommands– Cohortative: “Let us praise the Lord!”Cohortative: “Let us praise the Lord!”

– Imperative: “You praise the Lord!”Imperative: “You praise the Lord!”

– Jussive: “He shall praise the Lord!”Jussive: “He shall praise the Lord!”

• InfinitivesInfinitives– Infinitive Construct: “To praise is good.”Infinitive Construct: “To praise is good.”

– Infinitive Absolute: EmphasisInfinitive Absolute: Emphasis• Emphasis (“You will Emphasis (“You will indeedindeed praise…”) praise…”)• Imperative (Imperative (PraisePraise the Lord) the Lord)• Contemporaneous action (“Praising he Contemporaneous action (“Praising he

praised…”)praised…”)

• Participle (“the praising man”)Participle (“the praising man”)

lk;a'lk;a'

EatEat

rm;a'rm;a'

He saidHe said

%l;h'%l;h'

Go, walkGo, walk

hy"h'hy"h'

He wasHe was

hy"h'hy"h'

Whbow" Whto Whbow" Whto ht'y>h' ht'y>h'

#r<a'h'w> #r<a'h'w>

ac'y"ac'y"

Go out, Go forthGo out, Go forth

bv;y"bv;y"

Sit down, remain, dwellSit down, remain, dwell

!t;n"!t;n"

GiveGive

hf'['hf'['

Do, makeDo, make

ha'r' ha'r'

SeeSee

tb;v' tb;v'

Stop, restStop, rest

[m;v' [m;v'

HearHear

!Ara] !Ara]

Ark, chestArk, chest

hx'n>hx'n>mimi

Gift, offeringGift, offering

hx'n>hx'n>mimi

So it came about in the course of So it came about in the course of time that Cain brought an time that Cain brought an

offeringoffering to the LORD of the fruit to the LORD of the fruit of the ground (Genesis 4:3).of the ground (Genesis 4:3).

hx'n>hx'n>mimi

So he spent the night there. Then he So he spent the night there. Then he selected from what he had with him a selected from what he had with him a

presentpresent for his brother Esau for his brother Esau (Genesis 32:14).(Genesis 32:14).

tB'v;tB'v;

SabbathSabbath

%a;%a;

Only, surely, neverthelessOnly, surely, nevertheless

la;la;

No, notNo, not

~ai~ai

IfIf

al{al{

No, notNo, not

But a mist used to rise from the But a mist used to rise from the earth and water the whole surface earth and water the whole surface

of the ground (Genesis 2:6).of the ground (Genesis 2:6).

dadaee

B Only used here and in Job 36:27

For He draws up the drops of water,For He draws up the drops of water,They distill rain from the They distill rain from the mistmist (Job (Job 36:27 NAS)36:27 NAS)



dadaee


He draws up the drops of water, which distill as rain to the streams (Job 36:27 NIV)(Job 36:27 NIV)



dadaee


…but streams came up from the earth and watered the whole surface of the ground--(Genesis 2:6 NIV)(Genesis 2:6 NIV)



dadaee


LXX renders this , “spring LXX renders this , “spring of water”of water”

phghphgh..



dadaee


Possibly related to Akkadian word Possibly related to Akkadian word eduedu or the Sumerian or the Sumerian eidueidu meaning meaning “floodwaters.”“floodwaters.”

Documents

Verbs are “action words” In the beginning God CREATED the heavens and the earthIn the beginning God CREATED the heavens and the earth And the earth