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Viet Nam: Age distribution and school attendance of girls aged 9-13 years
UNESCO Institute for Statistics
22 August 2013 1. Introduction This document provides an overview of the pattern of school attendance of girls 9-13 years old in Viet
Nam, based on data collected with a Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) in 2010-11. Results are
presented for the total population of girls aged 9-13, as well as by household location (urban and rural)
and wealth quintile. Survey data on school attendance are combined with population estimates by the UN
Population Division (UNPD 2011) to arrive at estimates of the total number of girls between 9 and 13
years in and out of school in Viet Nam.
Section 2 summarizes the national education system of Viet Nam. Section 3 describes the sources and
limitations of the data used in the subsequent analysis. Section 4 provides estimates of the number of
girls between 9 and 13 years in Viet Nam between 2000 and 2015. Section 5 provides information from
household surveys to measure education coverage for the target age group.
Section 6 delves into the school attendance patterns of 9- to 13-year-old girls by education level and
grade. It addresses the question of equity by comparing the school attendance rates of girls from urban,
rural, rich and poor households. Section 7 looks at school participation from a complementary angle and
examines the age distribution of girls in primary and secondary education by grade. This analysis also
presents disparities by household location and wealth. Lastly, Section 8 presents summary tables with
data on school attendance by age and grade for ages 5-24.
2. National education system
The national education system in Viet Nam is divided into the following levels of education: primary
education, as defined by the country, begins at age 6 and has a duration of 5 years. The entry age of
lower secondary education is 11 years, and it lasts 4 years. Upper secondary education begins at 15
years old and has a duration of 3 years. Tertiary or post-secondary education begins at age 18.
The tables and graphs in this document present data on school attendance according to the levels and
grades of education as classified by the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) 1997
(UNESCO 2006). In the case of Viet Nam, the ISCED classification is the same as the national education
system described above. Table 2.1 presents the theoretical (intended) grade and level of education for 9-
to 13-year-olds, according to both classifications. The actual age of students in these grades may differ
substantially, please see Section 7.2 to 7.6.
Table 2.1 Intended education level and grade for children aged 9-13 years, Viet Nam, 2010
9 10 11 12 13
Education system (National definition)
Primary grade 4
Primary grade 5
Lower secondary
grade 1
Lower secondary
grade 2
Lower secondary
grade 3
Education system (ISCED)
Primary grade 4
Primary grade 5
Lower secondary
grade 1
Lower secondary
grade 2
Lower secondary
grade 3
Source: Country approved ISCED mappings, (UIS 2013).
2
3. Sources and limitations of data on population and education
3.1 Population data
The number of girls by age in Viet Nam was obtained from the 2010 revision of the World Population
Prospects by the United Nations Population Division (UNPD 2011b). UNPD generates population
estimates by single year of age from data collected in national censuses. The population estimates for
Viet Nam are designed to be consistent with the latest available census: the 2009 Census (UNPD 2011a).
3.2 Administrative data on enrolment
The UIS does not currently publish primary and lower secondary age enrolment rates for Viet Nam. Data
on enrolment are obtained from the database of the UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), which collects
education statistics from national statistical authorities in an annual survey. The UIS updates its database
three times per year, in January, May and October. This data are current as of the May 2013 data release
of the UIS.
3.3 Household survey data on attendance
The source of the school attendance data in this report is the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS)
2010-11. Household survey data have certain limitations. The MICS 2010-11 is based on a nationally
representative sample of the population (sample size: 11,614 households with 43,998 individuals),
designed to be representative at the urban and rural levels and for 6 regions (GSO, 2011). The results of
the survey are subject to sampling errors (due to the sample design) and non-sampling errors (for
example errors introduced during data processing). Because the MICS covers households, some groups
may be under- or not represented, such as refugee, migrant or homeless populations.
The number of girls aged 9-13 years in the MICS 2010-11 survey sample is 1,871. Table 3.1 displays the
distribution of the target population in the sample by household location and wealth. It also provides the
number of cases upon which the subsequent analysis is based. Because the MICS is a sample survey,
the following distribution should be considered an approximate, but not an exact, distribution of the target
population in Viet Nam.
Table 3.1 Distribution of girls 9-13 years in survey sample, Viet Nam MICS 2010-11
Urban
(%)
Rural
(%)
Poorest quintile
(%)
Second poorest quintile
(%)
Middle quintile
(%)
Second richest quintile
(%)
Richest quintile
(%)
Total
(%)
Sample size
Girls 9-13 years
24.7 75.3 23.1 21.3 20.5 19.1 16.0 100.0 1,871
Source: Viet Nam MICS 2010-11.
3.4 Limitations of age data
Reported age data may also be erroneous because children may lack birth certificates or because the
survey respondent may not know the exact age of all household members. Age data may thus exhibit
heaping, typical around ages ending in 0 and 5. In the case of the Viet Nam MICS 2010-11, the age
distribution of women in the survey data is not a close match with the age distribution in population
estimates by the UN Population Division for the same year (Figure 3.1). Age heaping in the total female
survey sample is moderate. In the sample of girls 5-17, age heaping cannot be observed (Figure 3.2).
3
Furthermore, survey programmes such as the Demographic and Health Survey and Multiple Indicator
Cluster Survey are not designed primarily for the collection of education data. As a result there is often a
gap between the beginning of the school year and the survey collection period. At the time of the survey
children can thus be many months older than they were at the beginning of the school year. The Viet
Nam 2010-11 MICS includes information on the birth date of all household members, allowing the age
data to be adjusted to the start month of the reference academic year: September 2010.
Survey question on current school attendance: “During the (2011) school year, did (name) attend
school or pre-school at any time?"
Start month of the academic year: September
Survey collection period: November 2010 – January 2011
Figure 3.1 Age distribution in female sample of Viet Nam MICS 2010-11, by single year of age,
compared with female age distribution in UN Population Division data for 2011
0
.5
1
1.5
2
Perc
en
t of p
op
ula
tion
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100Age (years)
UN Population Division MICS
Sources: UNPD World Population Prospects 2010, Viet Nam MICS 2010-11.
4
Figure 3.2 Age distribution in sample of girls 5-17 years in Viet Nam MICS 2010-11, by single year
of age
0
2
4
6
8
10
Perc
en
t of p
op
ula
tion
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17Age (years)
Source: Viet Nam MICS 2010-11.
5
4. Population estimates
Table 4.1 presents UN Population Division estimates of the number of girls aged 9-13 and 9-15 years in
Viet Nam between 2010 and 2015. In 2013, the number of girls 9-13 years old was estimated at 3.2
million. This number has remained stable since the beginning of the decade and is projected to grow
between 2013 and 2015. Population estimates in the remaining section of this report are for the year
2013.
Table 4.1 Viet Nam: Female population 9-15 years (1,000), by single year of age, 2010-2015
Year 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 9-13 9-15
2010 640.6 637.0 630.4 643.4 685.7 745.5 802.5 3,237.1 4,785.1
2011 644.0 640.0 636.3 629.7 642.7 685.0 744.7 3,192.7 4,622.3
2012 650.9 643.4 639.3 635.6 629.0 642.0 684.2 3,198.2 4,524.4
2013 659.8 650.2 642.8 638.6 634.9 628.4 641.3 3,226.2 4,495.9
2014 669.5 659.0 649.6 642.1 637.9 634.2 627.7 3,258.1 4,520.0
2015 679.6 668.5 658.1 648.9 641.5 637.2 633.5 3,296.7 4,567.4
Source: UNPD 2011.
5. Coverage: Which share of the target population attends school?
Table 5.1 explores the basic issue of coverage of the target population of girls 9-13 years. Household
survey estimates show the attendance rate to range from 93.4% to 98.8%, with the highest attendance
rate observed at age 9 and the lowest at age 13. It is important to note that the attendance rate presented
here includes attendance in pre-primary, primary, secondary or higher education. Children attending non-
formal education programmes (in surveys which include this category) are considered to be out of school.
Table 5.1 Viet Nam: Percentage of 9- to 13-year-old girls in school, by single year of age, 2010-11
9 10 11 12 13
Age-specific attendance rate 98.8 98.5 96.2 98.1 93.4
Source: Viet Nam MICS 2010-11.
Table 5.2 presents the percentage and confidence intervals for 9- to 13-year-old girls who are in school
(currently attending pre-primary, primary, secondary or higher education) according to the Viet Nam 2010-
11 MICS. The confidence interval indicates, generally speaking, that the given range has a 95%
probability of containing the true value. These were calculated using Stata statistical software, taking into
consideration the clustered sampling design of the MICS.
Table 5.2 Percentage of 9- to 13-year-old girls in school, by household characteristics, with 95%
confidence intervals, Viet Nam, 2010-11
% Girls Aged 9-13 In School
95% CI Lower Bound 95% CI Upper Bound
Urban (n=681) 99.1 98.3 99.9
Rural (n=1,190) 96.3 94.5 98.0
Poorest (n=474) 92.6 89.3 95.9
Second poorest (n=349) 96.4 92.6 100.3
Middle (n=338) 98.1 96.7 99.5
Second richest (n=361) 99.0 98.0 100.0
Richest (n=349) 100.0 100.0 100.0
Total (n=1,871) 97.0 95.6 98.3
Source: Viet Nam MICS 2010-11.
Notes: n = number of observations in survey data (female observations 9-13 years in each sub-group).
6
6. Equity: Which girls aged 9-13 years are most likely to be in and out of school?
6.1 Summary
Based on findings of a MICS, 3.0% of all girls 9-13 were out of school in Viet Nam in 2010-11. 42.7% of
the girls in this age group attended primary education and 54.3% secondary education (see Table 6.1 and
Figure 6.1).
The patterns of school attendance of girls 9-13 in urban and rural areas were similar in 2010-11. The out-
of-school rate was 0.9% in urban areas and 3.7% in rural areas. 43.5% of urban girls attended primary
education and 55.6% secondary education. Among rural girls, 42.4% attended primary education and
53.9% secondary education.
A comparison of school attendance of girls 9-13 from the richest and poorest household quintiles reveals
large disparities. None of the girls from the richest quintile and 7.4% of girls from the poorest quintile were
out of school in 2010-11. In the richest quintile, 40.1% attended primary education and 59.9% secondary
education. In the poorest quintile, 49.6% were in primary education and 42.9% in secondary education.
Table 6.1 Viet Nam: School attendance by level of education (%), girls 9-13 years, 2010-11
Group Total Urban Rural Richest quintile
Poorest quintile
Pre-primary education
Primary education 42.7 43.5 42.4 40.1 49.6
Secondary education 54.3 55.6 53.9 59.9 42.9
Tertiary education
Out of school 3.0 0.9 3.7 7.4
No data
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Source: Viet Nam MICS 2010-11.
Analysis of school attendance by grade shows that the largest percentage of girls 9-13 could be found in
primary grade 4 (19.7%), primary grade 5 (19.3%), and secondary grade 1 (18.1%) (see Table 6.2 and
Figure 6.1). In urban areas, the grade attended by the largest percentage of girls was primary grade 5
(21.7%); in rural areas it was primary grade 4 (20.0%). There was a large difference in the pattern of
school attendance by grade between girls from the richest and poorest household quintile in Viet Nam.
Among girls from the richest quintile in school, the most common grade was secondary grade 1 (21.2%).
Among girls from the poorest quintile in school, the most common grade was primary grade 4 (21.5%).
Tables 6.3 to 6.7 and Figures 6.2 to 6.6 offer more data on school attendance by age, level and grade of
5- to 17-year-old girls in Viet Nam. Section 8 provides summary tables of school attendance for the age
range 5-24.
7
Table 6.2 Viet Nam: School attendance by level of education and grade (%), girls 9-13 years, 2010-11
Group Total Urban Rural Richest quintile
Poorest quintile
Pre-primary education
Primary education
Grade 1 0.2 0.1 0.3 1.1
Grade 2 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.1 1.3
Grade 3 2.8 2.0 3.0 1.1 5.7
Grade 4 19.7 19.1 20.0 20.9 21.5
Grade 5 19.3 21.7 18.5 18.0 20.1
Secondary education
Grade 1 18.1 19.8 17.5 21.2 15.8
Grade 2 17.8 16.2 18.3 18.0 14.2
Grade 3 17.6 18.3 17.3 19.5 12.0
Grade 4 0.8 1.2 0.7 1.2 1.0
Grade 5
Grade 6
Grade 7
Tertiary education
Out of school 3.0 0.9 3.7 7.4
No data
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Source: Viet Nam MICS 2010-11.
Figure 6.1: School attendance by level and grade, girls 9-13 years, Viet Nam 2010-11
0
20
40
60
80
100
Perc
en
t
Total Urban Rural Richest quintile Poorest quintile
Note: Darker shade = lower grade in level, lighter shade = upper grade in level.Source: Viet Nam MICS 2010-11.
Pre-primaryeducation
Primaryeducation
Secondaryeducation
Out ofschool
Nodata
8
6.2 All girls
Table 6.3 Viet Nam: School attendance by age, level and grade (%), all girls 5-17 years, 2010-11
Age (years) 5-8 9 10 11 12 13 14-17
Pre-primary education 24.6
Primary education
Grade 1 25.0 0.9 0.3
Grade 2 25.6 2.9 0.2 0.0 0.1
Grade 3 21.3 8.1 3.5 1.4 0.1 0.5 0.1
Grade 4 0.7 83.8 8.8 1.6 1.9 0.7
Grade 5 3.1 82.7 7.5 2.9 0.9 0.1
Secondary education
Grade 1 3.1 83.7 8.1 1.5 0.3
Grade 2 1.8 81.0 8.5 0.9
Grade 3 4.1 77.4 3.0
Grade 4 3.9 20.2
Grade 5 18.5
Grade 6 20.2
Grade 7 17.7
Tertiary education 0.1
Out of school 2.6 1.2 1.5 3.8 1.9 6.6 18.7
No data 0.3 0.1
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Source: Viet Nam MICS 2010-11.
Figure 6.2 Viet Nam: School attendance by age, level and grade (%), all girls 5-17 years, 2010-11
0
20
40
60
80
100
Perc
en
t
5-8 9 10 11 12 13 14-17Age (years)
Note: Darker shade = lower grade in level, lighter shade = upper grade in level.Source: Viet Nam MICS 2010-11.
Pre-primaryeducation
Primaryeducation
Secondaryeducation
Tertiaryeducation
Out ofschool
Nodata
9
6.3 Girls in urban households
Table 6.4 Viet Nam: School attendance by age, level and grade (%), urban girls 5-17 years, 2010-11
Age (years) 5-8 9 10 11 12 13 14-17
Pre-primary education 22.0
Primary education
Grade 1 22.5 0.6
Grade 2 28.5 3.1 0.2
Grade 3 23.4 8.1 0.6 0.8
Grade 4 1.0 83.0 5.2 1.7 2.5
Grade 5 4.0 90.8 4.5 0.4 0.1
Secondary education
Grade 1 3.0 89.3 8.6 2.3 0.5
Grade 2 2.6 82.1 5.9 1.1
Grade 3 5.5 84.7 2.5
Grade 4 6.0 21.0
Grade 5 21.1
Grade 6 23.6
Grade 7 17.5
Tertiary education 0.3
Out of school 2.5 1.2 0.5 1.0 0.9 1.0 12.4
No data 0.1
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Source: Viet Nam MICS 2010-11.
Figure 6.3 Viet Nam: School attendance by age, level and grade (%), urban girls 5-17 years, 2010-
11
0
20
40
60
80
100
Perc
en
t
5-8 9 10 11 12 13 14-17Age (years)
Note: Darker shade = lower grade in level, lighter shade = upper grade in level.Source: Viet Nam MICS 2010-11.
Pre-primaryeducation
Primaryeducation
Secondaryeducation
Tertiaryeducation
Out ofschool
Nodata
10
6.4 Girls in rural households
Table 6.5 Viet Nam: School attendance by age, level and grade (%), rural girls 5-17 years, 2010-11
Age (years) 5-8 9 10 11 12 13 14-17
Pre-primary education 25.6
Primary education
Grade 1 25.9 1.1 0.4
Grade 2 24.6 2.8 0.3 0.1
Grade 3 20.5 8.1 4.6 1.7 0.1 0.7 0.1
Grade 4 0.5 84.1 10.1 1.6 1.7 0.9
Grade 5 2.8 79.7 8.6 3.6 1.1 0.2
Secondary education
Grade 1 3.1 81.8 8.0 1.2 0.2
Grade 2 1.5 80.6 9.3 0.8
Grade 3 3.7 75.2 3.2
Grade 4 3.3 19.9
Grade 5 17.6
Grade 6 19.0
Grade 7 17.7
Tertiary education
Out of school 2.6 1.1 1.8 4.8 2.2 8.3 21.0
No data 0.3 0.1
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Source: Viet Nam MICS 2010-11.
Figure 6.4 Viet Nam: School attendance by age, level and grade (%), rural girls 5-17 years, 2010-11
0
20
40
60
80
100
Perc
en
t
5-8 9 10 11 12 13 14-17Age (years)
Note: Darker shade = lower grade in level, lighter shade = upper grade in level.Source: Viet Nam MICS 2010-11.
Pre-primaryeducation
Primaryeducation
Secondaryeducation
Tertiaryeducation
Out ofschool
Nodata
11
6.5 Girls in households from the richest quintile
Table 6.6 Viet Nam: School attendance by age, level and grade (%), richest girls 5-17 years, 2010-
11
Age (years) 5-8 9 10 11 12 13 14-17
Pre-primary education 23.9
Primary education
Grade 1 21.1
Grade 2 28.1 0.3
Grade 3 25.4 5.0
Grade 4 0.8 95.0 1.1 0.8
Grade 5 95.1 3.7
Secondary education
Grade 1 3.8 94.8 5.1 1.2 0.7
Grade 2 1.5 86.2 8.9 0.3
Grade 3 8.0 83.9 0.1
Grade 4 5.7 20.0
Grade 5 23.1
Grade 6 28.5
Grade 7 22.1
Tertiary education 0.3
Out of school 0.8 4.4
No data 0.4
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Source: Viet Nam MICS 2010-11.
Figure 6.5 Viet Nam: School attendance by age, level and grade (%), richest girls 5-17 years, 2010-
11
0
20
40
60
80
100
Perc
en
t
5-8 9 10 11 12 13 14-17Age (years)
Note: Darker shade = lower grade in level, lighter shade = upper grade in level.Source: Viet Nam MICS 2010-11.
Pre-primaryeducation
Primaryeducation
Secondaryeducation
Tertiaryeducation
Out ofschool
Nodata
12
6.6 Girls in households from the poorest quintile
Table 6.7 Viet Nam: School attendance by age, level and grade (%), poorest girls 5-17 years, 2010-
11
Age (years) 5-8 9 10 11 12 13 14-17
Pre-primary education 25.2
Primary education
Grade 1 30.3 4.1 1.0
Grade 2 19.1 5.4 0.9
Grade 3 18.6 11.6 7.7 5.3 0.5 2.3 0.3
Grade 4 1.1 74.5 16.0 6.6 4.9 3.1
Grade 5 2.4 68.2 14.0 7.2 1.3 0.2
Secondary education
Grade 1 1.5 63.8 16.0 3.4 0.7
Grade 2 0.6 63.7 15.2 1.8
Grade 3 1.8 55.1 6.1
Grade 4 4.9 18.0
Grade 5 9.4
Grade 6 14.5
Grade 7 9.6
Tertiary education
Out of school 5.1 1.9 4.7 9.8 5.9 14.6 39.4
No data 0.5
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Source: Viet Nam MICS 2010-11.
Figure 6.6 Viet Nam: School attendance by age, level and grade (%), poorest girls 5-17 years, 2010-
11
0
20
40
60
80
100
Perc
en
t
5-8 9 10 11 12 13 14-17Age (years)
Note: Darker shade = lower grade in level, lighter shade = upper grade in level.Source: Viet Nam MICS 2010-11.
Pre-primaryeducation
Primaryeducation
Secondaryeducation
Tertiaryeducation
Out ofschool
Nodata
13
7. Location: Which education levels and grades do girls aged 9-13 attend?
7.1 Summary
As seen in Table 2.1, according to the national education system, children aged 9-13 should be in grades
4 and 5 of primary education and grades 1-3 of lower secondary education. Based on findings of a MICS
conducted in Viet Nam in 2010-11, the grades girls 9-13 attend are quite similar to the theoretical grades
for their age. The grades with the highest shares of the target group are 4 and 5 of primary education and
grades 1 and 2 of lower secondary education; more than 95% of the female students attending those
grades are 9-13 years old. Primary grade 5 has the highest share of 9-13 year old students (99.3%),
followed by lower secondary grade 1 (98.5%) and primary grade 4 (97.4%).
The age-grade attendance patterns in urban and rural areas were similar. The data show that in urban
areas, the grade with the highest share (99.5%) of 9-13 year old female students is in grade 5, and in
rural areas the highest share (99.3%) is in grade 5.
A comparison of female students from the richest and poorest household quintiles in Viet Nam reveals
minimal disparities in the grades they attend. Female students aged 9-13 from the richest households are
most likely to attend grades 5 (100%) and lower secondary grade 3 (99.2%). In contrast, female students
from the poorest households are most likely to be in grades 5 (99.2%) and lower secondary grade 1
(96.9%).
Table 7.1 Viet Nam: Percentage of female students in each grade who are 9-13 years old, 2010-11
Primary Education (ISCED 1) Secondary Education (ISCED 2 and 3)
Gr 1 Gr 2 Gr 3 Gr 4 Gr 5 Gr 1 Gr 2 Gr 3 Gr 4 Gr 5 Gr 6 Gr 7
Total 1.2 3.1 14.0 97.4 99.3 98.5 95.5 86.6 4.5
Urban 0.6 2.6 8.7 95.4 99.5 97.8 93.9 88.6 5.8
Rural 1.4 3.2 16.1 98.1 99.3 98.8 96.0 85.9 4.0
Richest quintile
0.3 4.6 96.9 100.0 96.8 98.0 99.2 5.6
Poorest quintile
4.1 7.8 27.1 95.9 99.2 96.9 91.1 72.5 7.1
Source: Viet Nam MICS 2010-11.
Tables 7.2 to 7.6 and Figures 7.1 to 7.5 offer more data on the age of female students in Viet Nam by
level and grade.
14
7.2 All girls
Table 7.2 Viet Nam: Age by education level and grade attended (%), all girls, 2010-11
Primary Education (ISCED 1) Secondary Education (ISCED 2 and 3)
Age Gr 1 Gr 2 Gr 3 Gr 4 Gr 5 Gr 1 Gr 2 Gr 3 Gr 4 Gr 5 Gr 6 Gr 7
5-8 98.8 96.5 85.7 2.6
9 1.0 2.8 8.4 84.7 3.3
10 0.3 0.2 3.6 8.7 85.0 3.3
11 1.4 1.5 7.2 84.9 1.8
12 0.1 1.8 2.9 8.5 83.9 3.9
13 0.1 0.6 0.7 1.0 1.8 9.9 82.6 4.5
14-17 0.4 0.3 0.7 1.5 4.4 13.4 95.5 98.0 98.4 65.0
18-24 0.1 0.1 2.0 1.6 35.0
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Source: Viet Nam MICS 2010-11.
Figure 7.1 Viet Nam: Age by education level and grade attended (%), all girls, 2010-11
0
20
40
60
80
100
Perc
en
t
Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7
Primary Secondary
Source: viet nam mics 2010-11.
Ages5-8
Age 9 Age 10 Age 11 Age 12 Age 13Ages14-17
Ages18-24
15
7.3 Girls in urban households
Table 7.3 Viet Nam: Age by education level and grade attended (%), urban girls, 2010-11
Primary Education (ISCED 1) Secondary Education (ISCED 2 and 3)
Age Gr 1 Gr 2 Gr 3 Gr 4 Gr 5 Gr 1 Gr 2 Gr 3 Gr 4 Gr 5 Gr 6 Gr 7
5-8 99.4 97.4 91.3 4.6
9 0.6 2.5 7.4 85.9 3.8
10 0.6 5.7 91.4 3.2
11 0.7 1.7 4.0 84.8 2.9
12 2.2 0.3 7.4 84.0 4.7
13 0.2 2.3 7.0 83.9 5.8
14-17 0.5 2.2 6.1 11.4 94.0 99.7 99.2 57.1
18-24 0.2 0.3 0.8 42.9
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Source: Viet Nam MICS 2010-11.
Figure 7.2 Viet Nam: Age by education level and grade attended (%), urban girls, 2010-11
0
20
40
60
80
100
Perc
en
t
Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7
Primary Secondary
Source: viet nam mics 2010-11.
Ages5-8
Age 9 Age 10 Age 11 Age 12 Age 13Ages14-17
Ages18-24
16
7.4 Girls in rural households
Table 7.4 Viet Nam: Age by education level and grade attended (%), rural girls, 2010-11
Primary Education (ISCED 1) Secondary Education (ISCED 2 and 3)
Age Gr 1 Gr 2 Gr 3 Gr 4 Gr 5 Gr 1 Gr 2 Gr 3 Gr 4 Gr 5 Gr 6 Gr 7
5-8 98.6 96.2 83.5 1.9
9 1.1 2.9 8.8 84.3 3.1
10 0.3 0.3 4.7 9.6 82.5 3.4
11 1.6 1.5 8.5 84.9 1.4
12 0.1 1.7 3.8 9.0 83.9 3.7
13 0.8 1.0 1.3 1.5 10.7 82.2 4.0
14-17 0.6 0.4 0.7 1.2 3.9 14.1 96.0 97.3 98.1 68.3
18-24 0.1 2.7 1.9 31.7
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Source: Viet Nam MICS 2010-11.
Figure 7.3 Viet Nam: Age by education level and grade attended (%), rural girls, 2010-11
0
20
40
60
80
100
Perc
en
t
Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7
Primary Secondary
Source: viet nam mics 2010-11.
Ages5-8
Age 9 Age 10 Age 11 Age 12 Age 13Ages14-17
Ages18-24
17
7.5 Girls in households from the richest quintile
Table 7.5 Viet Nam: Age by education level and grade attended (%), richest girls, 2010-11
Primary Education (ISCED 1) Secondary Education (ISCED 2 and 3)
Age Gr 1 Gr 2 Gr 3 Gr 4 Gr 5 Gr 1 Gr 2 Gr 3 Gr 4 Gr 5 Gr 6 Gr 7
5-8 100.0 99.7 95.4 3.1
9 4.6 95.3
10 0.9 95.8 3.2
11 4.2 88.3 1.7
12 0.6 4.2 86.0 7.5
13 0.3 1.2 10.4 91.7 5.6
14-17 3.2 2.0 0.8 94.4 100.0 99.6 63.5
18-24 0.4 36.5
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Source: Viet Nam MICS 2010-11.
Figure 7.4 Viet Nam: Age by education level and grade attended (%), richest girls, 2010-11
0
20
40
60
80
100
Perc
en
t
Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7
Primary Secondary
Source: viet nam mics 2010-11.
Ages5-8
Age 9 Age 10 Age 11 Age 12 Age 13Ages14-17
Ages18-24
18
7.6 Girls in households from the poorest quintile
Table 7.6 Viet Nam: Age by education level and grade attended (%), poorest girls, 2010-11
Primary Education (ISCED 1) Secondary Education (ISCED 2 and 3)
Age Gr 1 Gr 2 Gr 3 Gr 4 Gr 5 Gr 1 Gr 2 Gr 3 Gr 4 Gr 5 Gr 6 Gr 7
5-8 95.9 92.2 71.8 4.1
9 3.2 6.6 11.3 67.6 2.4
10 0.9 1.2 8.3 16.2 76.4 2.2
11 4.7 5.5 13.0 73.7 0.7
12 0.4 3.7 6.0 16.7 69.7 1.9
13 2.4 2.9 1.3 4.4 20.7 70.6 7.1
14-17 1.0 0.8 3.1 8.4 27.5 92.9 87.1 91.9 56.8
18-24 0.4 12.9 8.1 43.2
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Source: Viet Nam MICS 2010-11.
Figure 7.5 Viet Nam: Age by education level and grade attended (%), poorest girls, 2010-11
0
20
40
60
80
100
Perc
en
t
Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7
Primary Secondary
Source: viet nam mics 2010-11.
Ages5-8
Age 9 Age 10 Age 11 Age 12 Age 13Ages14-17
Ages18-24
19
8. School attendance by age and grade Table 8.1 summarizes school attendance by age grade as a percentage of the female population between 5 and 24 years of age in Viet Nam, based on data from the MICS 2010-11. It shows the percentage of girls by single year of age who are in and out of school. Table 8.1 Viet Nam: School attendance by age and grade (% of population of single year of age), female population, 2010-11
Age (years)
Pre-primary
ed.
Primary education Secondary education Tertiary
ed. Out of school
No data Total (%)
Total (n) Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7
5 91.0 2.4 5.6 1.0 100.0 368
6 3.8 88.3 4.7 0.4 2.8 100.0 379
7 0.5 7.7 87.9 3.1 0.2 0.6 100.0 369
8 0.5 9.7 86.2 2.5 1.1 100.0 348
9 0.9 2.9 8.1 83.8 3.1 1.2 100.0 388
10 0.3 0.2 3.5 8.8 82.7 3.1 1.5 100.0 379
11 1.4 1.6 7.5 83.7 1.8 3.8 100.0 352
12 0.1 1.9 2.9 8.1 81.0 4.1 1.9 100.0 357
13 0.0 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.5 8.5 77.4 3.9 6.6 100.0 395
14 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.9 3.3 9.4 69.5 2.4 13.4 100.0 442
15 0.3 0.2 2.4 8.8 70.3 0.6 0.8 16.2 0.3 100.0 388
16 0.0 0.1 0.5 2.1 7.3 66.6 2.4 20.7 0.1 100.0 433
17 0.1 1.1 11.6 63.0 0.3 24.0 100.0 456
18 0.8 1.4 16.6 21.9 58.3 1.0 100.0 352
19 0.1 0.1 9.3 25.8 63.2 1.6 100.0 272
20 8.8 23.0 66.5 1.7 100.0 358
21 0.1 5.4 20.1 72.7 1.8 100.0 319
22 0.1 3.9 16.0 76.9 3.2 100.0 350
23 0.0 1.6 8.9 89.0 0.4 100.0 377
24 0.9 2.6 7.0 87.6 1.9 100.0 326
Source: Viet Nam MICS 2010-11. Notes: n = number of observations in survey data (female population 5-24 years per single year of age).
20
Table 8.2 summarizes school attendance by age and grade for the female population between 5 and 24 years of age in Viet Nam, based on data from the MICS 2010-11. It shows the age distribution of girls in each category of education status. Table 8.2 Viet Nam: School attendance by age and grade (% of education status category), female population, 2010-11
Age (years)
Pre-primary
Prim grade 1
Prim grade 2
Prim grade 3
Prim grade 4
Prim grade 5
Sec grade 1
Sec grade 2
Sec grade 3
Sec grade 4
Sec grade 5
Sec grade 6
Sec grade 7
Tertiary Out of school
No data
5 95.6 2.5 1.0 9.8
6 3.9 88.2 4.5 0.4 0.5
7 0.5 7.6 83.4 3.2 0.2 0.1
8 0.5 8.7 82.2 2.4 0.2
9 1.0 2.8 8.4 84.7 3.3 0.2
10 0.3 0.2 3.6 8.7 85.0 3.3 0.3
11 1.4 1.5 7.2 84.9 1.8 0.6
12 0.1 1.8 2.9 8.5 83.9 3.9 0.3
13 0.1 0.6 0.7 1.0 1.8 9.9 82.6 4.5 1.2
14 0.4 0.3 0.6 1.2 4.0 10.5 83.3 3.2 2.6
15 0.3 0.2 2.4 9.4 83.4 0.7 0.6 2.8 4.2
16 0.0 0.2 0.6 2.6 9.9 82.6 2.2 4.1 1.0
17 0.2 1.5 15.2 62.1 0.3 5.0
18 0.9 1.5 12.7 18.9 9.5 7.9
19 0.1 0.0 5.4 16.8 7.7 9.2
20 7.1 21.0 11.4 13.8
21 0.1 3.5 14.6 9.9 11.7
22 0.1 3.0 14.0 12.6 25.0
23 0.0 1.4 8.5 16.0 3.2
24 1.0 2.0 5.9 13.9 14.2
Total (%) 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Total (n) 351 384 390 365 388 369 349 337 362 377 315 328 432 412 2,200 49
Source: Viet Nam MICS 2010-11 Notes: n = number of observations in survey data (female population 5-24 years in each grade or level of education).
21
Table 8.3 summarizes school attendance by age and grade in absolute numbers. For this analysis, school attendance rates from the MICS 2010-11 were applied to UNPD population estimates for Viet Nam for the year 2013. This assumes that attendance rates in 2013 are the same as in the most recent year with household survey data. Table 8.3 Viet Nam: School attendance by age and grade (1,000), female population, 2013
Age (years)
Pre-primary
ed.
Primary education Secondary education Tertiary
ed. Out of school
No data Total Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7
5 638.9 17.0 39.2 7.0 702.0
6 26.1 611.6 32.8 2.6 19.6 692.7
7 3.5 52.3 599.2 21.3 1.3 4.1 681.9
8 3.4 65.2 577.9 17.0 7.0 670.5
9 6.2 18.9 53.5 552.8 20.6 7.7 659.8
10 1.7 1.5 22.9 57.1 537.6 19.9 9.5 650.2
11 9.3 10.6 48.5 538.3 11.4 24.7 642.8
12 0.6 12.1 18.3 51.8 517.0 26.4 12.4 638.6
13 0.3 3.4 4.4 5.5 9.4 53.8 491.6 24.8 41.7 634.9
14 2.3 1.4 3.3 5.9 20.7 58.8 436.7 15.1 84.2 628.3
15 1.8 1.2 15.4 56.7 450.9 3.9 5.0 104.2 2.2 641.3
16 0.3 1.0 3.5 14.6 50.2 455.5 16.3 141.3 0.7 683.4
17 1.1 7.9 86.0 467.8 2.0 178.1 742.9
18 6.5 11.4 132.4 175.2 466.0 8.1 799.6
19 0.9 0.5 79.8 221.6 542.6 13.5 858.9
20 78.8 207.3 598.9 15.1 900.2
21 1.1 48.9 182.9 662.3 16.3 911.5
22 0.6 35.1 144.5 694.0 28.6 902.7
23 0.4 14.3 80.1 797.5 3.3 895.7
24 8.4 23.4 61.8 775.8 16.5 885.9
Total 668.5 692.2 720.2 692.9 655.4 634.1 627.1 606.0 595.7 534.4 540.0 557.8 901.8 1,075.4 5,210.9 111.4 14,823.9
Sources: Attendance rates: Viet Nam MICS 2010-11. Population estimates: UNPD World Population Prospects 2010. Note: School attendance rates from the MICS 2010-11 were applied to UNDP population estimates for the year 2013.
22
9. References
General Statistical Office (GSO), Viet Nam Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2011, Final Report, 2011, Ha
Noi, Viet Nam.
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS). 2013. “ISCED 1997 Mappings”. Montreal: UIS.
http://www.uis.unesco.org/Education/ISCEDMappings/Pages/default.aspx.
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). 2006. ISCED 1997:
International Standard Classification of Education. Montreal: UNESCO Institute for Statistics.
United Nations Population Division. 2011a. “Data Sources. File 0-2: Latest Data Sources Used to Derive
Estimates for Total Population: World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision”. New York:
UNPD. http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/unpp/panel_population.htm.
———. 2011b. World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision. New York: UNPD.