Gillette Psych 12 - Research

Research MethodsThe Scientific Method

1. _______________some aspect of the universe. Formulate a question.2. ______________ a theory (_______________) that is consistent with what

you have observed. 3. Use the theory to make _________________. 4. _________those predictions by _______________or further

__________________. 5. _____________--the theory in the light of your results. 6. Go to step 3. 7. Draw __________________ 8. _____________ your results

THREE TYPES OF RESEARCH1. _______________________________2. _______________________________3. _______________________________

Gillette Psych 12 - Research

1. DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCHTypes of descriptive research:1. The Case Study2. ________________________3. Naturalistic Observation

CASE STUDY

What is it?

Strengths (+)

Limitations (-)

SURVEY METHOD

What is it?

Strengths (+)

Limitations (-)

NATURALISTIC OBSERVATION

What is descriptive research?

Gillette Psych 12 - Research

What is it?

Strengths (+)

Limitations (-)

2. EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCHExperimental Research explores _________ & ____________ relationships. Experimental research = the _________________ of research in psychology.Experimental Research Vocab (know it – learn it – love it)

Independent ________________: factor that is manipulated

________________Variable: factor that is measured

Extraneous ________________: factors that effect DV, that are not IV.

________________ Group: Group exposed to IV

_________________ Group: Group not exposed to IV ________________: inert substance that is in place of IV in Control Group

A good experiment should be:

___________________________ Bias = a special kind of situation-relevant confounding variable. Experiment bias is the unconscious tendency for

VALID

RELIABLE

Gillette Psych 12 - Research

researchers to treat members of the experimental and control groups differently to increase the chance of confirming their hypothesis.

Can be eliminated using _____________ - ____________ procedure: neither the participants nor the researcher are able to affect the outcome of the research (aka: have someone who is unfamiliar with the participant role to interact with the participant)

More Vocab: _____________________ Group = gets the treatment operationalized in

the independent variable ___________________Group = does not get the independent

variable (without the control group – one cannot know whether changes in the experimental group are due to the experimental treatment or simply not getting treatment at all)

Placebo method = an inert but otherwise identical substance

Placebo ________________= People exhibit psychological effects of a drug, even though it is a placebo and not an actual drug.

Do You Like Coffee?

Do You Need it to Function?

A Robert Bateman Experiment!

HYPOTHESIS

Gillette Psych 12 - Research

POPULATION

SAMPLE REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE

RANDOM SAMPLE

GROUPING EXPERIMENTAL GROUPGroup A

CONTROL GROUPGroup B

Group C

VARIABLES INDEPENDENT VARIABLE Cause

DEPENDENT VARIABLEEffect

What is measured?How is it measured?

Placebo Effect

Blinds SINGLE BLIND DOUBLE BLIND

Which is better?Confounding Variables