A R J U N . L E A R N R E A L T I M E S C E N A R I O S D O N E B Y M E

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VIEWS IN DATA DICTONARY Many a times it is required to extract data from several tables this can be a time consuming

process. To simplify the process and to increase the efficiency of the code, you can define a

VIEW. Data is not stored in a VIEW physically. Here data is combined from several tables, but the

data is stored in their respective tables. As the name goes a VIEW is just a VIEW of the

selected/desired fields from a number of tables. Fields that are not required are hidden. For

example if data needs to be extracted from 5 tables with desired fields, then you can create a

VIEW of the required fields.

There are 4 types of views

Database view

Projection view

Help view

Maintenance view

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Database view:

A view created on two or more tables using inner join concept is

called database view

In this view we can only read the data

We can provide selections to read the data

We cannot maintain the data

Ex on database view:

Develop a database view on MARA and MAKT tables to display

material number, material type, material units, language and

description.

1. Go to SE11

2. Provide the view name zdb_view and click on create

3. Select database view

4. Click on copy

5. Provide description

6. Provide the table names and joining condition as below

a.

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7. Click on view fields tab

8. Click on table fields button

9. Double click on MARA and select MATNR, MTART and MEINS

10. Click on copy

11. Again click on table fields button

12. Double click on MAKT and select SPRAS, MAKTX

13. Click on copy

14. The screen should look as below

a.

15. Click on condition tab

16. Provide the condition as below

17.

18. Save and activate

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19. Click on Icon and check the records

Projection view:

A view created on single table is called projection view.

Projection views are mainly used to minimize the database

interface (number of fields) and improve the system

performance.

In simple words, we can hide the unnecessary fields from a

single table

We can maintain the data in the projection views.

We cannot provide any selections in the projection views.

Ex on projection view:

Go to SE11

Provide the view name zproj_view

Click on create, provide description

Provide the basis table as mara

Click on table fields button

Select matnr, mtart, mbrsh and meins

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Click on copy button

Save and activate

Click on contents and display the view

Maintaining the data:

To maintain the data, we have to provide the key fields i.e.

mandt, matnr

Go to the view and add the first field as mandt

Click on maintenance status tab

Select read and change radio button

Select display maintenance allowed

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Save, activate and display the data

Help view:

A view created on two or more tables using outer join concept is

called help view.

Help view are specially designed for search helps.

We cannot execute help views directly, instead we have to

include help views inside the search helps.

We cannot maintain the data in help views.

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Ex on help views:

1. Go to SE11

2. Provide the view name zhelp_view

3. Click on create

4. Provide description

a. Provide the table name as makt OR mara

b. and click on relationships button

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c.

5. Click on copy, the join condition will be automatically displayed

6. Click on view fields tab

7. Provide the field names matnr, mtart, meins and maktx by

clicking on table fields button

8. Provide the selection condition if required

9. Save and activate

10. We cannot test this help view

11. If we want to test we should create a search help

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Maintenance view:

A view created on two or more tables using inner join concept is

called maintenance views

We can maintain the data in maintenance views

Maintenance view are used by SAP for internal purpose

In the real time we dont create any maintenance views because

the data should be saved or modified in multiple tables which

leads inconsistency

If we want save or modify the data, we have to use standard SAP

transactions or BAPIs

Ex on Maintenance views:

1. Go to SE11

2. Provide the view name zmaint_view

3. Click on create

4. Provide description

a. Provide the table name as makt OR mara

b. and click on relationships button

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c.

5. Click on copy, the join condition will be automatically displayed

6. Click on view fields tab

7. Provide the field names as below

a.

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8. Provide the selection condition if required

9. Provide the maintenance status as below

10. 11. Save activate.

12. Create a TMG for the view and then maintain the data.

13.

14. Finally, Click on Icon and check the records

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Search Helps IN DATA DICTONARY

Providing a help functionality or F4 functionality for an input

field is called search help.

There are two types of search help.

Elementary search help

Collective search help

Elementary search help: Providing a single search help for an

input field is called elementary search help.

Collective search help: Collection of elementary search helps for

an input filed is called collective search help.

Assigning search helps:

Once search helps are created we have to assign them

At program-selection screen level

At table-level

At sap-screen level

Selection-screen: Input screen to a program or search is called

selection screen.

Parameters: It is a keyword to declare or create an input field on

the selection screen.

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Ex:

Parameters : p_kunnr(10) type c.

Parameters : p_matnr(20) type c.

Match code object:

It is a keyword which is used to assign a search help to the input

fields on the selection screen.

By default standard SAP search help will be displayed.

If we dont want standard search help then we use match code

object to assign our own search help.

Syntax:

Parameters: (len) type match code object

Or

Parameters: type

match code object

Ex on elementary search help:

Go to SE11

Provide the search help name zel_sh

Click on create and provide description

Provide the selection method as mara

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Provide the search help parameter as below with

IMP,EXP,SPOS,LPOS

Save, activate and test it

Assigning search help at program-selection screen level:

Go to SE38

Create a program by name zsh_prog

Write the below code

Save Act and Test