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VIEWS OF OUR WORLD
GLOBALIZATION
The process by which societies, cultures, politics, and economies around the world are becoming increasingly integrated
Economic globalization the process of increasing economic
integration between countries Production, markets, technology, industries
sharing of capital, production, labour, markets, technology and resources leads to lower prices
Opposing Views
allows for full benefit of free market capitalism
Reduction of trade barriers such as fees and quotas
Leads to economic growth in both developed and developing countries
A source of economic domination and oppression
Does not always lead to economic growth
Makes the differences between classes more evident
Wealthy countries are usually the beneficiaries
Poor working conditions, inequality
POSITIVES NEGATIVES
THEORETICAL RESPONSES TO ECONOMIC GLOBALIZATION
Globalization primarily involves capitalist Western societies spreading Western ideals and culture
Often explained in terms of the relationship between capitalist countries and the rest of the world
Modernization Theory
Focuses on how traditional societies are transformed into modern societies
Change is made possible by advancements in technology, industry, economic growth
Societies also modernize through social, political, cultural change
Rostow’s Model: Traditional cultural values a major obstacle
Traditional thinking, religion, superstition sometimes view hardship and economic deprivation as inevitable
A shift in values is necessary to become more receptive to change ie. More concern for individual rights and
personal achievement
Dependency Theory
Wealth flows from poor countries to wealthier countries
Economic activity in developed countries led to economic problems in underdeveloped countries
In effect, underdeveloped countries provide resources, cheap labour and a market for developed countries
Poverty is due to the way in which countries are integrated into world markets
Terms of trade are unbalanced and unfair Global poverty is attributed to this
exploitation
How do we correct this problem?https://youtu.be/k2lvExRwDIIhttps://youtu.be/aVx6cRBtm7c
World-System Theory
The capitalist world economy is a global system in which there is an international division of labour Core nations – most economically advanced Peripheral – poorest, least developed,
dependent Semi-peripheral – semi-industrialized,
process and manufacture natural resources Upward and downward mobility is possible
– ie. Japan, China
New International Division of Labour Theory
Commodity production can be divided and assigned to areas that are most profitable
Based on free trade and investment between countries Promoted by trade liberalization
agreements that remove or reduce restrictions
ie. Taxes, licensing, regulations Investment is thought to create jobs,
however, profits do not typically stay in the country
LABOUR LAW AND GLOBALIZATION
https://youtu.be/onD5UOP5z_c
What is the impact of this on Canadian society?
TRANSNATIONAL CORPORATIONS Corporations that have operations in two or
more countries Often have manufacturing plants and
markets around the worldAPPLE: https://youtu.be/_RBW2bcMzuUWould APPLE be able to succeed in Canada?GM:https://youtu.be/8X5F9xuwy3k
NON-ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF GLOBALIZATION
Political Globalization World politics is becoming more integrated, reducing the
importance of “nation-states” “multilateralism” involves the world community in global
initiatives – ie. Disease, financial crises, climate change, security
The emergence of international groups is a growing trend United Nations World Health Organization World Bank International Monetary Fund
Are these organizations effective in carrying out their mandates?
Environmental Effects http://
www.ted.com/talks/al_gore_warns_on_latest_climate_trends?language=en#t-9672