an enclosure which achieved a useful reduction without interfering with the operation of the machine. It is suggested that enclosures can be used more extensively in industry with a combination of technical advice and operation know how; but they may be complicated and often futile. Hearing protection is discussed as a 'last resort' but nevertheless a most essential part of hearing conservation. Some of the reasons are given why managements fail to gain employee co-operation and acceptance of ear protection. The need for motivation of all concerned is pointed out and there are some suggestions in this respect.

1.3.60(54126) Silbert, E. Aircraft noise and development con t ro l - the policy for Gatwick airport Town Planning Institution Journal, 1969, 55.4 , 149-152; abstr. in Building Science Abstracts.

Describes a planning policy for the Gatwick area specifically in relation to aircraft noise, based on official estimates of future aircraft noise, and on answers to a subjective noise rating questionnaire. The area has been divided for development purposes into three noise zones, and it is proposed that separate communities serving the airport should be sited a short distance from it, leaving the airport itself surrounded by open countryside.

1.3.61(54137) Flugrath, J. M. Modern Day Rock-and-Roll Music and Damage-Risk Criteria Journal o f A coustical Society of America, 1969, 45. 3, 704-711

Ten rock-and-roll dance bands were recorded in one dance hall catering to teenagers. 100 level measurements for each linear, A-weighted, C-weighted, and octave bands 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 Hz were computed for analysis of variance, average level, and standard deviation for the ½-h recording of each dance band. The spectrum of rock-and-roll music was found to peak at 2000 Hz, and C-weighted minus A-weighted (C - A) values were found to be approximately 1. The standard deviations of sound-level measurements and octave-band measurements were found to be quite small, indicating that amplified rock-and-roll music can be considered as a form of 'steady- state' sound if many measurements over time are averaged. It was found that the average levels of several of the

dance bands exceeded both 'equal- energy' and 'average-level' damage- risk criteria.

Body mechanics, anthropometry, physiology and motor performance 1.3.62(53109) Srivastava, S. S. et al. Load carriage by infantry soldier: criteria for assessment of physiological and psychological fatigue Defence Science Journal, 1968, 18. 2, 53-60

Attempts were made to evolve criteria for assessing the physiological and psychological fatigue at the end of a given task in field studies pertaining to load carriage. Fifteen tests, physiological and performance in nature, including assessment of blood pressure, respiration rate, pulse rate, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, eosinophil count, Harvard Step Test, energy expenditure during work, motor reaction, Cancellation Test, target hitting, and weight discrimination were administered to eight t w e n t y - t h i r t y year old subjects. Results revealed a consistently progressive fall in eosinophil count with increasing levels of fatigue. The pulse recovery index which was a measure of the rate of pulse recovery after exercise, was lower with higher levels of fatigue. All the other tests in their present form were found unsuitable as fatigue tests.

1.3.63(53276) Johnson, E., Smith, S, and Myers, T. I. Vigilance throughout seven days of sensory deprivation Psychonomic Science 1968, 11.8, 293-294

Sixty volunteer Naval enlisted men participated in a study of 7-day individual isolation. For ty subjects lived in small, dark, quiet rooms with little to do (sensory deprivation; SD) The other twenty served in a live-in- the-lab control group with ad lib access to lights, recreational materials, and intercom conversation with another control if mutually desired. SD subjects were significantly superior to controls in signal detection performance on an auditory vigilance task administered after 25, 73 and 145 hours of treatment. Both within- and between-sessions performance decrements over time were observed,

but neither of these effects was differential for the two t rea tment groups.

1.3.64(54233) Simpson, R. E. and Bolton, C. B. An anthropometric survey of 200 RAF and RN aircrew and the application of the data to garment size rolls Royal Aircraft Establish me nt Technical Report 67125, Jul. 1968

An anthropometric survey of limited scope was undertaken in October and November 1966, involving 200 Royal Air Force and Royal Navy aircrew. The forty four measurements taken on each subject were mainly those used in the drafting of patterns for the RAE experimental range of aircrew functional garments. The acquired data have been tabulated and presented primarily for functional clothing size purposes. Tables and graphs are also included which give the data in a form suitable for use in aircrew work-space studies etc. Comparisons are made between specimen garment size-rolls for the 200 subjects based on chest girth/torso hoop, chest girth/stature and weight/ stature as control parameters. An analysis of the data supports the recommendation that size-rolls for one-piece garments in which a good torso fit is essential should be based on two direct body measurements, such as chest girth and torso hoop, rather than include one or more indirect measurements like weight or stature in the control parameters. The data indicate that if one-piece garment torso fit is not important it is better logistically to use chest/ stature or weight/stature as controls for garment sizing. Suggestions are made regarding measuring techniques and procedures which should prove useful in a larger scale survey which is recommended.

1.3.65(54238) Frankenhaeuser, M., Post, B., Nordheden, B., and Sjoeberg, H. Physiological and subjective reactions to different physical work loads Perceptual and Motor Skills, 1969, 28.2, 343-349

Catecholamine excretion, cardiovascular functions, and subjective effort were studied in 10 healthy male subjects in a control condition and in three experimental sessions in each of which 5 successive 6-min. tests of either 150,450, or 750 kpm/min. , were performed on a bicycle ergometer. Catecholamine- excretion rates remained close to control levels at the lower work loads,

Applied Ergonomics June 1970 179