Vinski - Jenis Kanker Tulang

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Jenis Kanker

tulangNatasha Cinta Vinski - 1061050180


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difference between A primary bone cancer is one that starts

in the bones. The cancer cells are bone

cells that have become cancerous. All

the information in this section is about

primary bone cancer.

A secondary cancer in the bones has

spread from somewhere else in the

body. The cancer cells are like the cellsof the original tumour. So if you have

had breast cancer and it spreads to the

bones, the cancer cells in the bones will

actually be breast cancer cells


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Osteosarcoma

The most common type of primary

bone cancer is osteosarcoma. It is

most often diagnosed in teenagers

and young adults but can occur at anyage. Osteosarcomas can grow

anywhere in the skeleton. But the

most common sites are the;

Lower thigh (femur)

Shin bone (tibia)

Upper arm (humerus)


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Ewings SarcomaThis is named after the surgeon whofirst described it. This bone cancer is

also most often diagnosed in teenagers.

Ewing's sarcoma most often starts inthe pelvis (hips), thigh (femur) or shin

(tibia) bones.

It is also possible to get a Ewing'stumour in the soft tissues of the body.

Soft connective tissue tumours are

called soft tissue sarcomas.


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Chondrosarcoma This is a type of primary bone cancer most often diagnosed in

adults over the age of 40.

It is relatively rareabout as common as Ewing's sarcoma.

Chrondrosarcoma is a cancer of cartilage cells. The cancer

produces cartilage (chondroid) which makes abnormal bone or

abnormal cartilage growth.

Cartilage is the shiny, smooth substance that normally covers the

ends of bones in the joints. It provides support for the joint and

allows bones to move smoothly over one another.

Chondrosarcoma can grow inside a bone or on the bone surface.

So islands of cartilage can be found inside the bone or on the

surface in an area where it wouldn't normally grow. This bone

tumour is usually slow growing. The most common sites for

chondrosarcoma are the;

Pelvis (hips)

Thigh bone (femur)

Upper arm (humerus)

Shoulder blade (scapula) Ribs


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Spindle Cell Sarcoma

Spindle cell sarcomas are very similarto osteosarcomas but do not produce

a bony substance called osteoid

(whereas osteosarcomas do). They

tend to occur in adults over the age of

40. There are several types of spindle

cell sarcoma including;

Undifferentiated sarcoma of bone

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma

Fibrosarcoma

Leiom osarcoma


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Undifferentiated sarcoma

cells are not specialised. They are quite

primitive (immature) and it isn't possible to tell

what type of normal cells they started fromwithin the bones. When the cells are more

specialisedin spindle cell sarcoma, your

specialist will classify it as histiocytoma,

fibrosarcoma or leiomyosarcoma, according to

the appearance of the cells under a

microscope.


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Malignant fibrous histiocytoma

is a very rare type

of spindle cellsarcoma that tends

to be found in

middle aged adults.

The arms and legs

are the most

common sites.


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Fibrosarcoma

is also very rare

and most oftendiagnosed in middle

aged adults. The

most common site

for fibrosarcoma is

the thigh bone

(femur).


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e omyosarcomaobone

is

extremelyrare and

very little is

known

about it.


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Chondromas

Chordomas are a very rare, slow growing type of bonecancer. They are most common in people between 40 and 60

years of age. They tend to occur more often in women than

men. There are around 20 cases in the UK each year.

Chordomas develop from the notochord. The notochordforms the early spinal tissue in a foetus developing in the

womb. After about six months, this tissue is replaced by the

bone. But sometimes small areas of the notochord may

remain.

About 2 out of 5 chordomas (35 to 40%) occur in the skull orthe bones in the middle area of the face. The rest develop inthe bones of the spine (the vertebrae). About half of these are

in the lower part of the spine. Chordomas do not usually

spread, but if they do the most common places are the lungs,

nearby lymph nodes, the liver, and skin

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