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8/10/2019 VIROLOGY MCQ 1
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1
Multiple Choice Questions - Paper 1
Instructions for candidates
The examination consists of 30 multiple choice questions, each divided into 5different parts. Each part contains a statement which could be true or false. Eachquestion will have at least one part which is true. For each part, you should indicatewhether you thin it is true !T", false !F", or don#t now !$%". &ou must fill in therelevant square with a blac pen. 'ne mar will be (iven for each correct answer andone mar deducted for each incorrect answer. &ou will not be mar ed for thosequestions for which you have indicated )don#t now).
1. Viruses
*ontain both $%+ and %+
-ay have an envelope
ave their own metabolism
-ay contain en/ymes for replication
*ell wall
2. The following are DN !iruses
erpesviruses
'rthomyxoviruses
Enteroviruses
epadnaviruses
arvoviruses
". The following are #N !iruses
icornaviruses
+denoviruses
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apillomaviruses
habdoviruses
otaviruses
$. %i!e attenuated !accines are a!aila&le against the following !iruses
1nfluen/a + 2irus
epatitis 2irus
ubella 2irus
&ellow Fever 2irus
2aricella4 oster 2irus
'. The following anti!iral agents is acti!e against the following !irus
6amivudine and 12
6amivudine and 2
+mantidine and 1nfluen/a virus
ibavirin and 72
+cyclovir and 72
(. )erpes *i+ple, ncephalitis
*ommonly affect the temporal lobe
1s usually dia(nosed by culture of the *7F
-ay be dia(nosed by * of the *7F
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7hould be treated with 12 (anciclovir
-ay be dia(nosed by the findin( of specific antibody in the *7F
. The following state+ents are true of Varicella-/oster Virus
*auses a maculopapular rash
espond to + T therapy
emains latent in sensory (an(lia followin( primary infection
ecurrent episodes of 7hin(les usually occur
atients with shin(les are not infectious
0. C to+egalo!irus CMV3
rimary infection is usually symptomatic
+n infectious mononucleosis4li e syndrome may occur durin( primary infection.
-ay cause severe infection in immunocompromised individuals
1s terato(enic
*auses 8awasa i9s $isease
4. pstein-5arr Virus 5V3 is associated with
1nfectious -ononucleosis
epatitis
ur itt9s lymphoma
%asopharyn(eal carcinoma
'ral leu opla ia
16. ))V-( is associated with
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Fifth disease
oseala 1nfantum
8aposi9s 7arcoma
1nfectious -ononucleosis4li e illness
'ral leu opla ia
11. deno!iruses
+re associated with (enital cancers
-ay cause (astroenteritis
-ay cause con:unctivitis
-ay cause pneumonia
-ay cause warts
12. Papillo+a!iruses24; and 24<< are associated with (enital cancers
24<; and 24<= are associated with (enital cancers
>arts caused by papillomaviruses may respond to interferon therapy
apillomavirus infection is commonly dia(nosed by viral culture
+re associated with pro(ressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy ! -6"
1". Co,sac7ie 5 Virus is associated with the following
aralytic illness
-yocarditis
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ornholm9s disease
7evere con(enital infection
-enin(itis
1$. Influen8a Virus
-ay under(o anti(enic shift and anti(enic drift
-ay cause pandemics
espond to rimantidine
espond to neuraminidase inhibitors
2accination confers lifelon( protection
1'. Para+ ,o!iruses +a cause
*roup
-aculopapular rash
neumonia
ronchiolitis
$iarrhoea
1(. #espirator * nc tial Virus #*V3
espond to +mantidine
-ay cause bronchiolitis
-ay cause croup
-ay cause pneumonia
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-ay be prevented by vaccination
1 . Par!o!iruses
*auses oseola 1nfantum
*auses Erythema 1nfectiousum
1s terato(enic
-ay cause abortion
-ay cause aplastic crisis in persons with haemolytic anaemias
10. Measles Virus Infection
*auses a vesicular rash
-ay cause encephalitis
-ay respond to acyclovir
-ay be prevented by %1?
-ay be prevented by vaccination
14. #u&ella Virus
The rash of rubella is similar to that caused by parvo and enteroviruses
1s terato(enic
*on(enital rubella is charaterised by eye, ear and heart defects
*on(enital rubella is dia(nosed by the findin( of rubella4specific antibody in the cord blood of infants
1nfants with con(enital rubella poses a (reat infectious ris .
26. )u+an T-l +photropic !irus 1 )T%V-13 is associated with
ur itt9s lymphoma
+dult T4cell lymphoma
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Tropical 7pastic araparesis
-ultiple 7clerosis
od( in9s lymphoma
21. )IV Infection +a lead to
$ementia
*hronic $iarrhoea
*-2 retinitis
'esopha(eal candidiasis
%on4 od( in9s lymphoma
22. The following +a &e useful for prognostic purposes in )IV-infected indi!iduals
12 envelope antibody124p@A anti(en
*$A count
12 pro4viral $%+ in leucocytes
12 plasma %+
2". chronic carrier state +a occur in the following9
antavirus 1nfection
epatitis +
epatitis
epatitis *
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7mallpox 1nfection
2$. The following +ar7ers are usuall present in a hepatitis 5 carrier with chronic acti!e hepat
be+(
+nti4 c 1(?
+nti4 c 1(-
24$%+
bs+(
2'. The following state+ents are true
*hronic 2 infection may respond to interferon therapy
*hronic *2 infection may respond to interferon therapy
*hronic *2 infection may respond to ribavirin therapy
epatitis $elta infection may be prevented by vaccination a(ainst 2
epatitis E 1nfection may be prevented by vaccination
2(. The following !iruses can &e trans+itted & &lood
epatitis +
12
T624<
2
*2
2 . #egarding !iral infection of the central ner!ous s ste+ CN*3
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-enin(itis may occur to(ether with encephalitis
Enteroviruses are one of the commonest causes of *%7 infections in childhood
72 encephalitis is a postinfectious encephalomyelitis
-easles encephalitis is a postinfectious encephalomyelitis
The detection of antibody in the *7F is a useful dia(nostic mar er
20. The following !iruses are associated with gastroenteritis
+stroviruses
%orwal 4li e viruses
*aliviruses
+denoviruses
otaviruses
24. The following !iruses are trans+itted fro+ ani+als to hu+ans
abies 2irus
olioviruses
*-2
antaviruses
6assa Fever 2irus
"6. The following is true of ra&ies !irus
The ma:ority of cases worldwide result from bat bites
1nfection may be prevented by active and passive immunisation
abies vaccine is a live attenuated vaccine
The animal reservoir differ from country to country
-ay be dia(nosed by serolo(y
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nswers to Mulitple Choice Questions - Paper 1
1. Viruses
*ontain both $%+ and %+
-ay have an envelope
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ave their own metabolism
-ay contain en/ymes for replication
*ell wall
2iruses contain either $%+ or %+ but not both. 7ome may have an envelope. Bnli e bacteria, they do not have a celltheir own metabolism. They may contain en/ymes for replication.
2. The following are DN !iruses
erpesviruses
'rthomyxoviruses
Enteroviruses
epadnaviruses
arvoviruses
erpesvirus and epadnaviruses are double stranded $%+ viruses. arvovirus is a sin(le stranded $%+ virus. 'rthomyxand enteroviruses are sin(les stranded %+ viruses.
". The following are #N !iruses
icornaviruses+denoviruses
apillomaviruses
habdoviruses
otaviruses
+denoviruses and papillomaviruses are double standed $%+ viruses. icornaviruses and rhabdoviruses are sin(le strandeviruses. otaviruses are double stranded %+ viruses.
$. %i!e attenuated !accines are a!aila&le against the following !iruses
1nfluen/a + 2irus
epatitis 2irus
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ubella 2irus
&ellow Fever 2irus
2aricella4 oster 2irus
6ive attenuated vaccines are available a(ainst rubella, yellow fever, and varicella4/oster viruses. 1nfluen/a + viral vaccineither inactivated split or subunit vaccines. The vaccines in current use a(ainst hepatitis are recombinant subunit vaccin
'. The following anti!iral agents is acti!e against the following !irus
6amivudine and 12
6amivudine and 2
+mantidine and influen/a virus
ibavirin and 72
+cyclovir and 72
6amivudine is a reverse transcriptase inhibitor active a(ainst both 12 and 2. +mantidine is active a(ainst influen/aibavirin is active a(ainst 72 and acyclovir a(ainst 72
(. )erpes *i+ple, ncephalitis
True *ommonly affect the temporal lobe
False 1s usually dia(nosed by culture of the *7F
True -ay be dia(nosed by * of the *7F
False 7hould be treated with 12 (anciclovir
True -ay be dia(nosed by the findin( of specific antibody in the *7F
*omments erpes 7implex Encephalitis commonly affect the temporal lobe. *ulture of the *7F is usually uis a much better choice. + dia(nosis can also be made by the detection of 724specific antibodiesEncephalitis should be treated with 12 acyclovir.
. The following state+ents are true of Varicella-/oster Virus
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False *auses a maculopapular rash
False espond to + T therapy
True emains latent in sensory (an(lia followin( primary infection
False ecurrent episodes of 7hin(les usually occur
False atients with shin(les are not infectious
*omments 2 2 causes a vesicular rash. 1t does not respond to + T as it does not possess reverse transcriptasensory (an(lia followin( primary infection. 1t is rare for more than one episode of shin(les to ocinfectious.
0. C to+egalo!irus CMV3
True rimary infection is usually symptomatic
True +n infectious mononucleosis4li e syndrome may occur durin( primary infection.
True -ay cause severe infection in immunocompromised individuals
False 1s terato(enic
False *auses 8awasa i9s $isease
*omments rimary *-2 infection is usually asymptomatic. 'ccasionally, an infectious mononucleosis4li e primary infection. *-2 is well nown to cause severe disease in immunocompromised individua
recipients and patients with +1$7. +lthou(h it may cause severe con(enital infection, it is not teraformed fetal or(ans. 1t is not associated with 8awas i9s disease.
4. pstein-5arr Virus 5V3 is associated with
True 1nfectious -ononucleosis
True epatitis
True ur itt9s lymphoma
True %asopharyn(eal carcinoma
True 'ral leu opla ia
*omments +ll the above
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16. ))V-( is associated with
False Fifth disease !erythema infectiosum"
True oseala 1nfantum
False 8aposi9s 7arcoma
True 1nfectious -ononucleosis4li e illness
False 'ral leu opla ia
*omments arvovirus is associated with Fifth disease !erythema infectiosum". 24; is associated with 7ixt24= is associated with 8aposi9s sarcoma. arely, in adults, primary 24; infection may resul
mononucleosis4li e illness. E 2 is associated with oral leu opla ia
11. deno!iruses
False +re associated with (enital cancers
True -ay cause (astroenteritis
True -ay cause con:unctivitis
True -ay cause pneumoniaFalse -ay cause warts
*omments uman papillomaviruses are associated with (enital cancers. +denoviruses type A0 and A< are as+denoviruses may also cause con:unctivitis and pneumonia. uman papillomaviruses are associa
12. )u+an Papillo+a!iruses
False 24; and 24<< are associated with (enital cancers
True 24<; and 24<= are associated with (enital cancers
True >arts caused by papillomaviruses may respond to interferon therapy
False apillomavirus infection is commonly dia(nosed by viral culture
False +re associated with pro(ressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy ! -6"
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*omments 24<; and 24<= are associated with (enital cancers. >arts caused by papillomaviruses mayalthou(h it is rarely used. uamn apillomaviruses cannot be (rown in cell culture. olyomavirus
1". Co,sac7ie 5 Virus is associated with the followingTrue aralytic illness
True -yocarditis
True ornholm9s disease
True 7evere con(enital infection
True -enin(itis
*omments +ll the above
1$. Influen8a Virus
True -ay under(o anti(enic shift and anti(enic drift
True -ay cause pandemics
True espond to rimantidine
True espond to neuraminidase inhibitors
False 2accination confers lifelon( protection
*omments 1nfluen/a + 2irus may under(o anti(enic shift and anti(enic drift. +nti(enic shifts result in panderespond to rimantidine, which is a similar compound to amantidine. 1t will also respond to newlyinhibitors. ecause of constant anti(enic chan(es, vaccination will not confer lifelon( immunityD i
1'. Para+ ,o!iruses +a cause
True *roup
False -aculopapular rash
True neumonia
True ronchiolitis
False $iarrhoea
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*omments aramyxoviruses most commonly cause croup. They may occasionally cause bronchiolitis and p
1(. #espirator * nc tial Virus #*V3
False espond to +mantidine
True -ay cause bronchiolitis
True -ay cause croup
True -ay cause pneumonia
False -ay be prevented by vaccination
*omments 72 will not respond to amantidine. 1t most commonly cause bronchiolitis and pneumonia. 'ccaThere is no vaccine available.
1 . Par!o!iruses
False *auses oseola 1nfantum
True *auses Erythema 1nfectiousum
False 1s terato(enic
True -ay cause abortion
True -ay cause aplastic crisis in persons with haemolytic anaemias
*omments arvovirus causes erythema infectiousum. +lthou(h it may cause abortion and stillbirths, it is notaplastic crisis in persons with haemolytic anaemias
10. Measles Virus Infection
False *auses a vesicular rash
True -ay cause encephalitis
False -ay respond to acyclovir
True -ay be prevented by %1?
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True -ay be prevented by vaccination
*omments -easles causes a maculopapular rash. 1t may cause encephalitis. 1t does not respond to acyclovir. be protected by %1?. + live attenuated vaccine is now (iven as part of universal vaccination in
14. #u&ella Virus
True The rash of rubella is similar to that caused by parvo and enteroviruses
True 1s terato(enic
True *on(enital rubella is charaterised by eye, ear and heart defects
True *on(enital rubella is dia(nosed by the findin( of rubella4specific antibody in the cord blood of in
True 1nfants with con(enital rubella poses a (reat infectious ris .
*omments The rash of rubella is similar to that caused by parvo and enteroviruses. 1t is terato(enic, the classrubella consists of eye, ear and heart defects. *on(enital rubella can be dia(nosed by the findin( othe cord blood of infants.1nfants with con(enital rubella poses a (reat infectious ris since they m< year.
26. )u+an T-l +photropic !irus 1 )T%V-13 is associated with
False ur itt9s lymphoma
True +dult T4cell lymphoma
True Tropical 7pastic araparesis
False -ultiple 7clerosis
False od( in9s lymphoma
*omments uman T4lymphotropic virus < ! T624<" is associated with +dult T4cell lymphoma and Tropical
21. )IV Infection +a lead to
True $ementia
True *hronic $iarrhoea
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True *-2 retinitis
True 'esopha(eal candidiasis
True %on4 od( in9s lymphoma
*omments +ll the above
22. The following +a &e useful for prognostic purposes in )IV-infected indi!idu
False 12 envelope antibody level
True 124p@A anti(en
True *$A count
False 12 pro4viral $%+ in leucocytes
True 12 plasma %+
*omments 12 envelope antibody remains hi(h at a constant level throu(hout the period of infection and ismar er. 124p@A anti(en had been widely used as a pro(nostic mar er in the past but has now be
%+ !viral load". The *$A count provides important information on the sta(e of the disease.
2". chronic carrier state +a occur in the following9
False antavirus 1nfectionFalse epatitis +
True epatitis
True epatitis *
False 7mallpox 1nfection
*omments + chronic carrier state may occur with 2 and *2 infection.
2$. The following +ar7ers are usuall present in a hepatitis 5 carrier with chroni
True be+(
True +nti4 c 1(?
False +nti4 c 1(-
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True 24$%+
True bs+(
*omments 1n patients with chronic active hepatitis, 2 replication is present and hence 24$%+ and b
bc1(- is normally absent althou(h it may occasionally be detected durin( periods of exacerbati
2'. The following state+ents are true
True *hronic 2 infection may respond to interferon therapy
True *hronic *2 infection may respond to interferon therapy
True *hronic *2 infection may respond to ribavirin therapy
True epatitis $elta infection may be prevented by vaccination a(ainst 2
False epatitis E 1nfection may be prevented by vaccination
*omments *hronic 2 and *2 infection may respond to interferon therapy. *hronic *2 infection mayhowever ribavirin is usually (iven with interferon. epatitis $elta infection may be prevented byThere is no vaccine available a(ainst E2.
2(. The following !iruses can &e trans+itted & &lood
True epatitis +
True 12
True T624<
True 2
True *2
*omments +ll the above viruses may be transmitted by blood
2 . #egarding !iral infection of the central ner!ous s ste+ CN*3
True -enin(itis may occur to(ether with encephalitis
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True Enteroviruses are one of the commonest causes of *%7 infections in childhood
False 72 encephalitis is a postinfectious encephalomyelitis
True -easles encephalitis is a postinfectious encephalomyelitis
True The detection of antibody in the *7F is a useful dia(nostic mar er
*omments -enin(itis usually occurs with encephalitis. Enteroviruses are one of the commonest causes of *72 encephalitis result from invasion of the virus rather than an aller(ic postinfectious event as i
detection of antibody in the *7F is a useful dia(nostic mar er
20. The following !iruses are associated with gastroenteritis
True +stroviruses
True %orwal 4li e viruses
False icornviruses
True +denoviruses
True otaviruses
*omments +lthou(h enteroviruses may be found in faeces, they are not associated with (astroenteritis
24. The following !iruses are trans+itted fro+ ani+als to hu+ansTrue abies 2irus
False olioviruses
False *-2
True antaviruses
True 6assa Fever 2irus
*omments abies may be transmitted to humans from a variety of mammals. antaviruses and 6assa Feverhumans by rodents.
"6. The following is true of ra&ies !irus
False The ma:ority of cases world4wide result from bat bites