Virtual Reality Systems

Presented by:Indrani

indrani@cathedral-lonavala.orgicweb12.wordpress.com

April, 2013

Introduction

Virtual Reality (VR) is the illusion of a three-dimensional, interactive, computer-generated reality where sight, sound, and sometimes even touch are simulated to create pictures, sounds, and objects that actually seem real.

Introduction

VR must allow the user to view the environment from any point and at any angle

VR must allow the user to interact with objects in the environment.

Types of VR

Use of Special Purpose Equipment Feel of Presence

Types of VR

Also known as Desktop VR Use of a monitor to display the visual world Does not require special hardware Low Cost

Low PerformanceLess Immersion

Types of VR

Real-time telepresenceInteractions are reflected to some real world objects.

Delayed telepresenceInteractions are recorded, and after satisfaction is applied to the real-world object.

Types of VR

Computer generated inputs merged with the user’s view of the real world

Components of VR

VR Hardware VR Software

VR Hardware

Primary user input interfaces Tracking interfaces Visual interfaces Auditory interfaces Haptic interfaces Olfactory interfaces

Primary Interfaces

Keyboard, Mouse, Joystick 3D Pointing Devices

– Spaceball– CyberWand– Ring Mouse– EGG

Primary Interfaces (cont’d)

Whole-hand and body input– 5th Glove– Handmaster– ArmMaster– TCAS Dataware

Tracking Interfaces Measure head, body, hand or eye motion Major Characteristics

– Resolution– Accuracy– System Responsiveness

• Sample rate, data rate, update rate and latency Major Technologies

– Magnetic– Acoustics– Optical

Tracking Interfaces (cont’d)

Head & Body Tracking– Polhemous IsoTrak II & FastTrak– Flock of Bird– VideoDesk

Eye Tracking– BioMuse– DPI Eyetrackey

Visual Interfaces

Field of View (FOV) Resolution Refresh rate Brightness Color

Visual Interfaces (cont’d)

Head Mounted Display (HMD)– Datavisor 10x HMD– VR4000– I-glasses!– VFX1

BOOM

Visual Interfaces (cont’d)

Stereoscopic Glasses– Shutter glasses– Passive glasses

Autostereoscopic– HDVD

Auditory Interfaces Auralization

– 3D simulation of a complex acoustic field Sonification

– Audible display of data Speech Recognition Some products

– Acoustetron II– RSS-10 Sound Space Processor– Q products

Haptic Interfaces

Tactile (touch)– CyberTouch– Univ. of Salford

Kinesthetic (force)– HapticMaster– PHANToM

Olfactory Interfaces

Electronic Nose Storage Technologies

– Liquid– Gel– Microencapsulation

Some Products– BOC Group Olfactory Delivery System– Univ. of Wollongong eNose

Software Components

Input Process Simulation Process Rendering Process World Database

Input Process

Control devices that send data to the computer

Devices should be checked regularly (eg. per frame)

Simulation Process

The core of a VR program handles interactions, object

behaviors, simulations of physical laws and determines the world status

A discrete process that is iterated once for each frame

Rendering Process

Creation of the sensations that are output to the user

Visual Rendering– Using polygons to represent objects– Ray tracing & lights– Flat vs. smooth shading– Z buffering

Auditory, haptic and olfactory rendering

World Database

Stores data on objects and the world

ASCII vs. binary Single file vs. Database Centralized vs. distributed Standard vs. proprietary formats Virtual Reality Modeling Language

(VRML)

Important Issues

Interaction Techniques Navigation Techniques Collision Detection Level of Detail (LOD)

VR Applications

Education

Crossing street Construct3D

VR Application

Treatment of Acrophobia

VR Applications

Recreation

VR Application

Design

VR ApplicationSimulation

Being 747 Flight Simulation

VR ApplicationUser Interface

WNMS

VR Application

TelesurgeryAugmented surgery

Telepresence

TeleRobotics

VR ApplicationInformation Visualization

Acetic Acid Quick Sort

VR ApplicationEntertainment

Virtual racing

VR Application

Military

Conclusion

VR introduces a new way of interacting with computers

The best of VR is yet to come Web is very suitable for VR applications,

but the proper technology is not yet there

Thank You for Listening