Viruses, Bacteria, Protists, and Fungi Review

What is an antibiotic? Medicine used to treat bacterial diseases

What is asexual reproduction? 1 parent reproduces an offspring identical to itself

What is a pseudopod? False feet Used for movement

What is a bacteriophage? Virus that can infect a bacteria

What are 2 characteristics of green algae?

Unicellular or multicellular Closely related to plants on land

Give 3 ways infectious diseases can be prevented.

Wash hands Sneeze/cough into sleeve Vaccines Safe food preparation and storage

What is binary fission? Asexual reproduction Organism splits in half

What is a virus? Non-living particle Needs a host to reproduce

What are cilia? Hair-like projections used for movement

What is an endospore? Small rounded thick-walled resting cell that forms inside a bacterial cell

What is conjugation? Sexual reproduction 2 bacterial cells create a tube between them through which they transfer DNA

What is the difference between an active and a hidden virus?

Active: start producing new viruses immediately Hidden: becomes a part of the bacterial DNA for a period of time, then later becomes active and produces new viruses

What is sexual reproduction? 2 parents, producing offspring that are similar to the parents

What is the difference between an autotroph and a heterotroph?

Autotroph: produces its own food Heterotroph: cannot make its own food

What is necessary for a virus to reproduce?

Living host

How do euglena move? Flagella

What do viruses have in common with our cells?

DNA

What are the 4 parts of a bacteria?

Cell membrane DNA Ribosomes Cytoplasm

What are the 3 shapes of bacteria?

Rod-like Spherical Spiral

Name 3 examples of harmful bacteria.

Whooping cough/pertussis Spoils foods Lyme disease Botulism Strep throat Pneumonia

What are the 3 types of protists? Animal-like Plant-like Fungus-like

What is an autotroph? Organism that makes its own food

How do amoebas move? Pseudopodia

How do paramecium move? Cilia

Which type of protist is an autotroph?

Plant-like

Which types of protists are heterotrophs?

Fungus-like and animal-like

What structure do fungi use to get nutrients?

Hyphae

What are spores? Reproductive structure used by fungi and fungus-like protists

What is another name for a plant-like protist?

Algae

What is another name for an animal-like protist?

Protozoan

What fungi causes breads to rise?

Yeast

What are 2 characteristics of diatoms?

Glass-like cell walls Used to make polish and insecticides

What are 2 characteristics of dinoflagellates?

2 flagella Many glow in the dark

What is a flagella? Whip-like tail

What are 2 characteristics of euglenoids?

Green Found in fresh water Eyespot

What are 2 characteristics of red algae?

Multicellular Used in ice cream and hair conditioner

What are the 4 parts of a mushroom?

Cap Gills Stalk Hyphae

Name 3 examples of helpful bacteria.

Used to make foods—yogurt, cheese, pickles Digestive system Medicines Tanning leather Clean up oil spills Adhesives/glues Cleaners

Why is a virus non-living? Does not have all 6 characteristics or all 4 needs of living things. Missing:oCellular organizationoGrowth and developmentoHomeostasisoNeeds foodoNeeds water

Give 3 ways infectious diseases are spread.

Contact with infected personContact with contaminated objectContact with infected animalContact with an environmental source

What are 2 characteristics of brown algae?

Holdfasts Thickener Called kelp or seaweeds

How are bacterial diseases treated?

Antibiotics