vishalparihar 15-September-2020 Editorial · 2020. 9. 15. · age in some countries means that Best Faculty of English Language in 2017 l 7+ years experience in Bank Exams. Best

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Today’s Vocabulary Vigilance (noun) = The action or

state of keeping careful watch for

possible danger or difficulties

(जागरूकता) Grim (adj) = Very serious or

gloomy (विकट) Mortality (noun) = The state of

being subject to death, especially

on a large scale (मतृ्यु दर) Low median age = Low median

age in some countries means that

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Editorial 15-September-2020

V i s h a l P a r i h a r ( A V P )

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Underway (adv) = Having

started and in progress; being

done or carried out (प्रक्रिया में)

Composition (noun) = The action

of putting things together;

formation or construction (रचना)

Reconciliation (noun) = The

restoration of friendly relations

(सुलह)

Foreboding (noun) = A feeling

that something bad will happen;

fearful apprehension (भक्रिष्य-

ज्ञान)

Hostage (noun) = A person

seized or held as security for the

fulfilment of a condition (बंधक)

Grapple (verb) = Engage in a

close fight or struggle without

weapons (हाथापाई करना)

Insurgent (adj) = A person

fighting against a government or

invading force; a rebel or

revolutionary (क्रिद्रोही)

Plausible (adj) = (of an argument

or statement) seeming

reasonable or probable

(प्रशंसनीय)

Daunting (adj) = Seeming

difficult to deal with in prospect;

intimidating (कक्रिन)

Embrace (verb) = Accept (a

belief, theory, or change)

willingly and enthusiastically

(अन्तक्रनिक्रहत करना)

Fulcrum (noun) = A thing that

plays a central or essential role in

an activity, event, or situation

(आधार)

Stiffer (adj) = Not easily bent or

changed in shape; rigid, severe or

strong (कक्रिन)

Forefront (noun) = The leading

or most important position or

place (सम्मखु)

Marshall (verb) = Assemble and

arrange (a group of people,

especially troops) in order

Emphatically (adv) = In a forceful

way, without doubt, clearly

Loom (verb) = Appear as a vague

form, especially one that is large

or threatening

Alleviate (verb) = Make

(suffering, deficiency, or a

problem) less severe (कम करना)

Populace (noun) = The people

living in a particular country or

area (आबादी)

Splendid (adj) = Magnificent;

very impressive (शानदार)



Title: The cost of peace (Afghanistan should not lose the

democratic gains made in the post-Taliban era)

Context: Six months after they were

first due to be held, intra-Afghan talks

bringing the Taliban face-to-face with

representatives of the Ashraf Ghani

government and Afghan civil society

finally got underway in Doha on Saturday.

The talks, which were a key outcome of

the U.S.-Taliban and U.S.-Afghanistan

agreements signed in February this year,

have been delayed for many reasons. To

begin with, the Taliban set pre-conditions

including the release of all its prisoners,

while not accepting the basic requirement

of a ceasefire.

However, the biggest obstacle was the

release of more than 5,000 Taliban

prisoners and about 1,000 Afghan soldiers

and others held by Taliban militia, as

stipulated in the agreements with the U.S.

The hard part begins now. While

preliminary rounds held since Saturday

have dealt with the structure and logistics,

the first task for the negotiators is to

declare a permanent ceasefire, and stop

violence in Afghanistan that has claimed

another 1,300 civilian lives in the first half

of 2020.

More difficult challenges will emerge as

they grapple with the Taliban on how to

shape Afghanistan’s future, and whether

they can retain the constitution and

political processes while bringing the

insurgents into the mainstream.

With the Ghani government giving the

green signal for the talks in Doha, India

has modified its stand, and External

Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar attended the

inaugural ceremony in Doha via

videoconferencing; it was the first ever

address by an Indian official at a gathering

that includes the Taliban (that India still

maintains is a terror group).



While stating that peace in Afghanistan as

a result of an “Afghan-led, Afghan owned”

process is a desirable outcome, he made it

clear that India hopes it will not come at

the cost of gains made by Afghanistan in

the post-Taliban era, including democracy,

institutions of governance, and the rights

of minorities and women.

Title: Urban

employment as the

focal point (Given the structure of the economy

and demographic profile, the

vulnerabilities of informal jobs must

be addressed)

Context: The contraction of the

economy raises concern on the

employment situation as the shrinking

sectors are those that create the

maximum new jobs.

Economy and employment

Recent data on the contraction of the

economy raises concern on the

employment situation in India. The

shrinking sectors that have been affected

the most — construction (–50%), trade,

hotels and other services (–47%),

manufacturing (–39%), and mining (–

23%) — are those that create the

maximum new jobs in the economy.

According to the International Labour

Organization, of the 535 million labour

force in India in 2019, some 398.6 million

will have poor quality jobs. The poor

quality of jobs and high informality are

key for the high level of “working poors”

or those living on incomes of less than

₹198 in a day.

Steps to take

First, given the scale of urbanisation, the

focus on urban employment generation

programmes should be in coordination

with local governments.

Second, a major local initiative would be

to design and implement employment-

intensive investment policies. These

policies should embrace the initiatives of



both private entrepreneurs as well as by

the government.

Invest in infrastructure

Construction of low-cost housing is

another activity that can be carried out

using labour-intensive methods, while

yielding substantial collateral benefits for

urban dwellers’.

The fourth element could be an immediate

launch of an urban employment scheme

oriented toward building large-scale

medical, health and sanitation

infrastructure in cities and towns across

India.

Only NREGA is not enough

It is very idealistic to conclude that the

entirety of the workforce, which has

returned to the respective home States,

will be accommodated by an expanded

MGNREGA or by a close substitute. These

workers might have chosen not to take up

MGNREGA jobs in the first place and

instead opted to migrate and work in

other States for higher wages.

There will still be a large number of

workers who need to be provided with

alternative sources of employment, and

generating decent urban jobs looks to be

the only way out.




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vishalparihar 15-September-2020 Editorial · 2020. 9. 15. · age in some countries means that Best Faculty of English Language in 2017 l 7+ years experience in Bank Exams. Best