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Vision and Pathways. S Gautam. Vision. Pathways. Superior Temporal Quadrantanopia. How is it caused at the optic chiasm?. Pupils. Horner’s Syndrome Sympathetic injury One sided pupillary constriction Ptosis Caused by anything injuring sympathetic chain or pathway. Homes Adie Pupil - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Vision and Pathways
S Gautam
Vision
Pathways
Superior Temporal Quadrantanopia
• How is it caused at the optic chiasm?
Pupils
• Horner’s Syndrome– Sympathetic injury– One sided pupillary constriction – Ptosis
Caused by anything injuring sympathetic chain or pathway
• Homes Adie Pupil– Postganglionic parasympathetic nerve
damage– Tonically dilated pupil– Slow to constrict– Absent tendon reflexes– Excessive sweating
• Argyll Robertson Pupil – Prostitute’s pupil (accommodates but
doesn’t react)– Specific to syphilis (treponema pallidum)– Uncommon these days
Amaurosis Fugax
• Sudden visual loss
• Painless
• Fleeting to minutes
• ‘Curtain’ across the vision
• Ipsilateral carotid or ophthalmic artery
• Holmes Adie Pupil
Vitreous Haemorrhage
• Painless loss of vision
• Unilateral
• Floaters, cobweb, haze, shadow
• High myopia risk factor
• Can be precursor for detachment
Retinal Vein Occlusion
• Loss of vision
• Usually on awakening
• Underlying coag. disorders
• Flame haemorrhages
• Risk Factors– DM– Smoking– Hyperlipidemia
Retinal Artery Occlusion
• Almost instant loss of vision
• Painless
• Usually elderly >60
• Pale retina
• Cherry red spot (foveola)
• Preceding amaurosis fugax
Thank You