Upload
rose-burns
View
225
Download
1
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Visualizations
Follow-up. Data: dimensions. Basic graphs.Gapminder. Excel. Wordle.
Homework: Postings: research and experiment.
Follow-up from guest lecture
• Summarize?
• ?
Natural Language Processing
• Text to– text or– data extraction
Speech recognition
• input is sound wave captured as electrical amplitudes and frequencies
• first step is doing Fourier Analysis to encode sound wave as set of sine waves
• next step is segmentation: divide into (best guess) at syllabus (phonemes)
• THEN use statistical approach and/or grammar approach to make matches
NLP and Speech reco
• Can combine• For each, issues of scope, speaker(aka user),
training or not
• Distinct applications– limited (directed) speech– dictation– data extraction– translation– ???
Consider
• several possible topics for presentation
• I will demonstrate duolingo.com which I am using to learn Spanish!!!– another possibility for presentation topic
Objective
… of graphs, charts, diagrams, visualizations is to represent data. Typically data is sets of numbers or sets of other information.
Examples:• height and weight of some set of people
– possibly with other characteristics and over time
• GDP, average longevity of countries– population, region, over time
• frequency of words in a piece of text
Caution
• If you don't have much data, then not much to do…
• if data is wrong or definitions not understood or misunderstood, ….
Preview
• Next Monday: guest speaker curator from Neuberger present artist visualizations
Organization / conference / competition / links
• http://www.visualizing.org/
2012 Olympic medal count
• Issues– what counts? How to weigh types of medals?– Adjustment for population
• what about wealth of country?
• http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2012/08/07/sports/olympics/the-best-and-worst-countries-in-the-medal-count.html?ref=olympics
Gapminder
• http://www.gapminder.org/
Excel graphs
• Construct data
• Bar graphs
• When are pie graphs appropriate?
• x-y graphs• bubble graphs
Wordle
• http://www.wordle.net/
Dimension
• The term 'dimension' is used for any attribute of a thing, not just height/width/length
• Gapminder examples appeal (I think) because of quantity and dimensions of data– dynamic representation of time– color for regions– comparisons
Napoleon's March
• … into Russia 1812-1813
• Called by Edward Tufte (and others) the best (and still the best) graphical visualization.
• Use Google to get multiple versions
• Your opinion?
My Ds mnemonic
• definitions• denominator• dimensions• [what's the] difference• data sources• distributionThe point of visualizations is to show these
things (and others?)
Examples
• … and excuse to start reminding you to vote
• http://fivethirtyeight.blogs.nytimes.com/
• http://fivethirtyeight.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/07/27/new-york-not-as-blue-as-it-could-be/
Example
• Drawn to show electoral votes (and assessment on how states will vote)– dimensions of size versus population
http://elections.nytimes.com/2012/electoral-map
– Note: the geographic view does not
accurately display Alaska or Hawaii in position and size!!!
– Try multiple maps (scenarios) + our own?
If
these visualizations make you less likely to vote because New York is predicted to be solidly Democratic…
• popular vote will count in terms of mandate• there are down ticket contests• increasing the youth vote will make younger
people be more important to politicians• good to get into the habit
• people have died for the right to vote!
Example
• Periodic table of visualization methods (!) Periodic table: http://www.visual-literacy.org/periodic_table/periodic_table.html – assumes the periodic table has meaning for
viewers
Timeline
• http://www.datavis.ca/milestones/ – on visualizations
• http://www.informationisbeautiful.net/visualizations/mountains-out-of-molehills/ – see also http://www.informationisbeautiful.net
Tools
• http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9215504/22_free_tools_for_data_visualization_and_analysis
• http://www.readwriteweb.com/archives/the_best_tools_for_visualization.php
Note / caution / repeat
• If you don't have much data, then visualization does not help– if data is (potentially) misunderstood or
misleading
• Think about Ds
Homework
• Decide on presentation topic and make proposal to the appropriate moodle forum
• Postings: usual plus– any visualization topic
• Tools• Edward Tufte:
– Home page (not that easy to navigate and mainly tool to sell his workshops and books which are excellent: http://www.edwardtufte.com/tufte/
» Forum: http://www.edwardtufte.com/bboard/q-and-a?topic_id=1 » Critique of PowerPoint for lectures!» etc.
Next class: guest speaker on artist visualizations