Vocabulary Napoleon- The military genius who

became ruler of France. Napoleonic Code- A system of laws for

France created by Napoleon that promoted order & authority over individual rights.

EQ: WHAT EVENTS CAUSED THE RISE AND FALL OF NAPOLEAN?

Warm-Up What governments were adopted by

France during the Revolution?

NAPOLEON

Military Hero Born on the island of

Corsica Family were minor nobles

When he was 20 years old, he became a lieutenant in the army1. Military successes 1793, drove British

forces out of the Port of Toulon

2. Led expedition to Egypt Disaster However, important

discovery made-Rosetta Stone

Napoleon overthrows the Directory

1799, Directory is corrupt and a failure Napoleon sets up 3 man

governing board, The Consulate

New Constitution is created

Napoleon names himself 1st Consul 1802 becomes consul for

life 1804 he became so

powerful he declared himself emperor

Each step in his rise to power was legitimate Napoleon held

plebiscites Ballots which voters

say yes or no on an issue

He was always strongly supported!

Napoleon’s Rule Stability and Order

Regulated the economy, controlled prices, encouraged new industry, built roads

Public schools Concordat of 1801

Made peace with Roman Catholic Church

Allows religious freedom but Church still under state control

Encouraged emigres to return to France

Allowed peasants to retain land purchased from Church and nobles during Revolution

Napoleonic Code New Law Code

Embodied Enlightenment principles Equality before the law Religious toleration Advancement based on

merit He also undid reforms

of the Revolution Women lost many of the

rights they gained Considered minors

before the law

Creates the Grand Empire 1804-1814

Annexed the Netherlands, Belgium, and parts of Italy and Germany

He placed friends and relatives on the thrones of Europe Placed his brother on the

throne of Spain Divorced his wife to marry

a Hapsburg princess Allowed him to claim kinship

to the ancient ruling families of Europe

France vs. Britain Britain was their main

enemy Napoleon wanted to invade

England 1805, French fleet was

destroyed at the Battle of Trafalgar

Napoleon instead wages an economic war through the Continental System Closed European ports to

British goods Britain responds with

blockade of European ports Failed to destroy Britain

and hurts French economy

Peninsular War 1808-1814 Portugal defies

Continental System Napoleon takes his

army through Spain and removes the Spanish King in favor of his brother Joseph

Spanish Guerilla fighters cause massive French losses- 300,000

Downfall of Napoleon Tsar Alexander I

resigns from Continental system Napoleon responds

by invading with 600,000 soldiers from France and other European countries

Disaster

To avoid Napoleon’s army, Russia retreats east and used “Scorched Earth Policy” Burned villages and

crops as they went Policy left Napoleon’s

army hungry and cold Famine, snow and ice

defeat Napoleon

Napoleon retreats Less than 100,000 of

600,000 survived Russia, Britain, Austria,

and Prussia defeat Napoleon

Napoleon’s reputation is shattered

Napoleon is forced to abdicate his thrown He is exiled to the island

of Elba Louis XVIII, brother of

Louis XVI, is made King

Napoleon Returns Napoleon escapes

from Elba and returns to France

Louis XVIII runs away

March 1815 Napoleon becomes Emperor

Waterloo Defeated after only

100 days Duke of Wellington

crushes the French in the Battle of Waterloo

Napoleon is exiled once again, this time to St. Helena, never to return

Congress of Vienna September 1814-

June 1815 Important players:

Prince Metternich of Austria

Czar Alexander I of Russia

Lord Castlereagh of Britain

Goals of Vienna Create a long lasting

Peace Restore the balance of

Power to Europe Restore the ruling

families that were in power before French Revolution

No one nation should be strong enough the threaten the security of the other

GRAPHIC ORGANIZER

EQ: WHAT EVENTS CAUSED THE RISE AND FALL OF NAPOLEAN?

Reflection What were 3 blunders that led to

Napoleon’s downfall? How was Russia able to defeat Napoleon? What was the goal of the Congress of

Vienna?