Vocabulary Calendar Phrasal Verbs

Phrasal Verb Translation or example

add to

apply for ((trabajo, información) solicitar, (entradas, etc) pedir)

Why did you apply for the job?

be caught up in (estar inmerso en) My mother was caught up in her book and didn't notice what we were doing.

be caught up in[sth] (be engrossed in [sth]) estar inmerso en estar sumergido en

My mother was caught up in her book and didn't notice what we were doing.Mi madre estaba inmersa en un libro y no se dio cuenta de lo que estábamos haciendo.

be exposed to

be off informal (leave, be going) (irse) Well, I'm off! See you next week.

break down (descomponer, romper)

break out (evadirse, fugarse) The prisoner broke out of jail by digging a tunnel.

break up ((separate, split)romper ) Many people think that Yoko Ono broke up the Beatles.

bring about producir, causar, ocasionar New technologies have brought about a dramatic increase

bring up criar, educar she was badly brought up

carry off carry someone off take someone away by force. (of a disease (dolencia, enfermedad)) kill someone.carry something off succeed in doing something difficult.

carry off (levarse) While the boy watched in fascination, the ants picked up the dead beetle and carried it off the nest.

go back vi phrasal (move backwards) retroceder and Norwich go back to the nineteenth century

dream up vtr phrasal sep (invent: [sth] outlandish) fabular, fantasear

How did you ever dream up a silly idea like that?

carry on (continuar, seguir.) Carry on taking the pills.Sigue tomando las píldoras.

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When I finished my introduction I carried on with my speech.The teacher told us to carry on with the exercise she had assigned while she prepared a test.

carry out (=accomplish etc) [+ plan] llevar a cabo [+ hreat, promise, order] cumplir, (=perform, implement) [+ idea, search etc] realizar [+ test, experiment] verificar [+ work] realizar, llevar a cabo

He never carried out his intention to write to her.Tenía intención de escribirla, pero nunca lo hizo.

catch up on (informal (get up to date with) ponerse al día con)

I phoned my brother to catch up on the latest news back home.

catch up with vtrliteral (gain on, reach: [sb] further ahead) alcanzar a, dar alcance, ponerse al dia

You go on ahead; I'll catch up with you as soon as I've finished my work here.

chat up ((bre colloq) tratar de ligar con (fam)) I tried to chat up with that girl.

claim to be

clash with figurative (be in conflict with) fig. sacarse chispas

clean up

clear [sth] up vtr phrasal sep (make tidy) limpiar, recoger, ordenar

close down (cerrar, clausurar) When the doctor was killed they had to close down the clinic.

collide with (chocar con) The Titanic collided with the iceberg.

come about vi phrasal (happen) suceder, ocurrir How the crash come about is uncertain.

come across vtr phrasal insep (encounter by chance ) encontrarse con, toparse con

I've never come across a job advertisement for a cat sistter before!

come down with vtr figurative, informal (fall ill with, get sick with) caer enfermo, pillar

I've just come down with a cold.

come from

come into

come up vi figurative (topic: be raised, mentioned) surgir, The senator knew that questions about his campaign would come up.

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salir El senador sabía que las preguntas sobre su campaña se van a plantear.

come up with (=suggest, propose) [+ idea, plan] proponer, sugerir [+ suggestion] hacer [+ solution] ofrecer, sugerir (=find) [+ money] encontrar

come up with vtr informal (deliver, produce) conseguir Will you be able to come up with the cash by the end of the month?

cut down (reducir)

decide to do sth (decidirse a, decidir) Lucy decided to do something about her hair, it was so ugly!

depend on [sb] (for [sth]) vi + prep (rely on) depender de, contar con

I depend on Barbara to drive me to the hospital each week.Dependo de Bárbara para que me lleve al hospital cada semana.

devoted to consagrado, dedicado a

dress up (disfrazarse, vestirse elegantemente.) (put on evening wear) vestirse arreglarse

Dress in smart clothes or in a special costume (traje). The guests are dressing up for dinner.

drive up (conducir hasta) They are driving up the road now.Drive up to the cashier's window to pay for your food.

eat out (dine at a restaurant)cenar afuera Every Friday we eat out.

fall into vtr phrasal insep (descend and land in) caerse en , adquirir

The young girl was rescued several days after she fell into an uncapped well.

fall over (caerse.)(tropezar) He's so clumsy that he fell over his own feet. Es tan torpe que siempre tropieza con sus propios pies.

fed up (harto) Joan was fed up with being sent from one office to another, and lost her temper. I am fed up with the amount of junk mail I receive.

fill somebody in slang (update, keep informed) (poner al día)

Fill me in on all the latest gossip! ¡Ponme al día de todos los cotilleos!

find out ((un hecho) averiguar, descubrir) (un criminal) descubrir, pillar

I found out her name from the papers.Descubrí su nombre en la prensa. I just found out that my sister is pregnant.

get by vi phrasal (cope, manage) arreglarse The older couple had learned to get by on their small retirement income.

get off (bajar de) You should get off the train at Union Station.

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get out (salir, huir) We got out just as the building was about to burst into flames.

get to know (become familiar with) conocer (a alguien) I need to get to know you before we start a business together.

give away vtr phrasal sep figurative (betray, reveal) figrevelar, delatar

When you tell a joke, you can't give away the punch line until the end.Al contar un chiste no debes revelar el desenlace hasta el final.We mustn't give him away.No debemos delatarlo or traicionarlo.The treads on his shoes gave him away.El dibujo de las suelas de los zapatos lo delataron

give out (distribute) repartir, distribuir The teacher gives out the notes to the students.El profesor reparte las notas a los alumnos.

give up (stop doing sth you do regulary) I need to give up smoking.

go by (pass) pasar I can't believe the holiday is already over. Time went by too quickly!

go down ((prices: decrease, be lowered)bajar) The prices have gone down at this store.

go for (ir a buscar.) He's gone for the paper.Ha ido a por el periódico.

go off (sonar) What would you do if you were in a hotel on the 5th floor and the fire alarm went off in the middle of the night?

go on (continue to do or say [sth])seguir Go on with your story!

go out (salir.) (apagarse) Why don't we go out on a real date?(light, fire: cease ) apagarseCould you put another log (tronco, leño) on the fire, please, before it goes out.

go over vtr phrasal insep (consider or review in detail) darle vueltas (a algo), analizar, revisar

For hours afterwards, she kept going over and over what he'd told her but it still made no sense.

go through (atravesar, pasar por) To go through the border checkpoint, you needed a good passport, or a better fake. Having grown up in Rwanda, Joe had gone through much torment, making him the man he is today.

go with (acompañar, ir con) Will you go with me to the hospital?

grab hold of (agarrar) Bella jumped on the back of Jacob's motorcycle and grabbed hold of his body.

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grow up hacerse mayor, madurar, crecer I grew up in a village in Southern England. I wish my brother would grow up and get a place of his own.

hang up vi phrasal (replace phone receiver) colgar It is very rude to hang up in the middle of a telephone conversation.

have on (tomar el pelo a alguien.) Informal .Try to make someone believe something that is untrue, especially as a joke.

join in (participate, take part.) Our students will join in a TV show about technology.

jump on informal (leap onto) en, sobre saltar Please don't jump on the bed, children.

keep out (prevent from entering) impedir la entrada, no dejar entrar

know about

let down She felt let down when no one came to her party.

listen to ((sound: pay attention to)escuchar a.) Listen to your mother's advice.Listen to the lyrics of this song, they are very poetic.

look for I looked for you, but I couldn't find you. Some people look for love on the internet.

look forward tovtr (await with excitement) tener (muchas) ganas de, anhelar algo, ansiar, estar deseando

We look forward to our summer holiday every year.Tenemos muchas ganas que lleguen nuestras vacaciones de verano.

look into (investigar, ver) We are looking into ways of increasing our effectiveness.

look up to vtr(admire, esteem) admirar Ideally, children should look up to their parents.

make [sth] up vtr phrasal sep informal (invent or imagine) inventar

You should be a writer, you make up such interesting stories.

make up (hacer, preparar) The Red Cross made up emergency kits for the earthquake victims.

mark down (give lower grade to) (bajar la nota) The teacher marked my paper down because I misspelled so many words.

move towards, move toward [sth] or [sb] (approach, get closer to) acercarse, aproximarse

need to (tener que) I need to go to the toilet.

object to vtr phrasal insep (disagree with, take exception to) oponerse

The worker objected to having to work late since he wouldn't get paid for the extra hours.

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pass out vi phrasal informal (faint, lose consciousness) perder el conocimiento, desmayarse

I took one look at the bloody cut on my arm and passed out.

prevent [sb] (from) doing [sth] v expr (stop: [sb] doing [sth]) evitar, impedir

The police officer prevented her from entering the building.

proud of (take pride in) (estar orgulloso de) In spite of a few problems, our family has a lot to be proud of.

provide for (mantener) He had a family to provide for, and couldn't waste money.Tenía una familia que mantener y no podía malgastar dinero.

put off postergar I'm busy this afternoon; can we put our meeting off until tomorrow?

put up with (tolerate, endure) tolerar aguantar I will not put up with your whining any more. Go to bed this minute!No voy a tolerar tus gritos ni un segundo más. ¡Vete a la cama inmediatamente!

reach for (tratar de agarrar / alcanzar)

rip off (arrancar) Rip off the roof and stay in bed.

rip out (arrancar) When I see an interesting photo in the newspaper, I often rip it out.

run out of vtr phrasal insep (use up supplies of [sth]) agotar, quedarse sin, acabársele (algo a alguien)

We do need to go shopping as we have run out of teabags.Hemos agotado las reservas de té, tenemos que salir a comprar.

run through vtr phrasal insep (rehearse or review) repasar

We will run through that difficult song once more before the show starts.Repasaremos esa canción tan difícil una vez más, antes de que comience el espectáculo.

rush over precipitarse sobre I rushed over to the woman who fell down to see if she was okay.

send out (distribute by mail)mandar (por correo) Political campaigns send out letters of thanks to financial donors.

set off (salir de viaje, empezar un viaje) They want to leave at 9am but I'd prefer to set off a bit earlier in case there is a lot of traffic.

set out ((start a journey) (salir de viaje) They set out for London early the following day.

shout out (gritar, hablar en voz alta) I had to shout out to the children to get their attention.

sit down (sentarse) In 1993 the Israelis sat down with the PLO in Oslo; the treaty was signed in Washington.

slow down (reducir la velocidad de, relentizer) He slowed down as he came up to the junction.

stand in (replace temporarily, substitute for) reemplazar, suplir sustituir

She is standing in for the usual secretary while she is ill. Está reemplazando a la secretaria habitual, porque está enferma.

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start out (empezar) His father owned the company so he didn't have to start out in the mail room.

stuck in (atascarse (en la garganta, etc)) My car got stuck in the mud.

switch on (encender, conectar) He switched on the light .

take after asemejarse a, parecerse a Many people say that Maria takes after her grandmother.

take care of v expr (deal with, handle:[sth]) ocuparse de vpron+prep

He will take care of the travel arrangements.

take in vtr phrasal sepinformal (deceive or fool) tomar el pelo

Don't be taken in by his nonsense.

take off (plane: depart) despegar The plane took off after a short delay.

take off (remove: clothing) If you're hot, why not take off that jumper?

take on (enfrentarse) She takes on their opponent.

take on vtr phrasal sep (employ, hire) contratar

take part in vtr phrasal insep(join in with, participate in)participar en/de

She was angry and did not take part in the festivities.Estaba enojada y no participó de los festejos.

take up (iniciar, comenzar, emprender) He took up woodworking after inheriting his grandfather's tools.

tell off (regañar) My mother told off me when I was late.

think about (pensar en) He thought about his role in society for a long time before he wrote that book.

think of (consider, contemplate: doing sth) (considerar, contemplar, pensar en))

We're thinking of going to that new Italian restaurant tonight.

think over (consider, deliberate) pensar en

try on ((vestido) probarse) Don't say you don't like it if you haven't even tried it on.

try on (probarse) I tried the shirt on and decided I didn't like it.

try to (intentar) I try to sing but I can't carry a tune.

turn down (bajar) Please, turn down the central heating. it is very hot here.

turn down (lower the volume of.) Peter, Can you turn down your TV, please? I need to study.

turn down vtr phrasal sep (decline, refuse) rechazar The bank turned down my application for a loan.

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turn up (=be found) aparecer (=arrive, show up) [person] llegar, aparecer; [playing card etc] salir

turn up (increase the volume of.) John, Can you turn up your stereo, please? This song is lovely.

wake up (despertarse) I wake up every day at six o'clock.

walk around (pasearse) I didn't have a place to go. I was just walking around.

walk out vi phrasal figurative (abandon [sth] or [sb]) largarse

When she lost her job, he walked out of the marriage.

watch out (estar atento ,¡alerta!) Watch out! There's an icy patch up ahead.

watch over (vigilar) Watch over him while I call the police.Vigílale mientras llamo a la policía.

wear on (pasar el tiempo, avanzar) The humidity started to increase while the day wore on.

work [sb] out (understand)entender algo con esfuerzo

Work [sth] out (calculate) (cuentas, números) uadrar calcular

I finally worked out my income taxes, and now I have to send the government a check.Ya he conseguido cuadrar mis impuestos sobre la renta y ahora tengo que enviar un cheque a Hacienda.

work out ((exercise) ejercitarse, hacer ejercicio.)((develop a solution to) superar)

We are going to work out this afternoon.We're still trying to work out the difficulties.

worry about (be concerned (preocupado) or anxious about. preocuparse.)

We're worried about your performance.Estamos preocupados por su rendimiento.Why do you keep on talking after I've asked you to be quiet?

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