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Vocabulary
CellsEcosyste
msEvolution Genetics Random
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Mitochondria
The organelle where cellular respiration takes place. (the “powerhouse” of the cell)
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Homozygous
An organism with 2 of the same alleles of a particular
trait
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Transcription
The process in which DNA makes RNA
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Osmosis
The movement of water molecules through a
selectively permeable membrane?
$1000
Meiosis
The process in which gametes are formed.
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Photosynthesis
Process plant cells use to combine energy from the sun
with carbon and water to make glucose.
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Plant Cell
This cell type has a cell wall, chloroplasts, and often a big
vacuole.
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Ribosome
The organelle responsible for making proteins
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Transcription
The process in which DNA makes RNA
$1000
Interphase, Mitosis (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase) and cytokinesis.
What are the different parts of the cell cycle?
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Competition
The relationship between hawks and owls.
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Emigration
Name the term that describes when an organism leaves a
population.
$600
Commensalism
A relationship when one organism benefits and it does
not affect the other.
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Producer
A plant (autotroph) at the beginning of a food chain is
referred to as a/an____.
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Tropical rainforest
The greatest biodiversity is found in which biome?
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Adaptation
Any inherited trait or characteristic that increases an
organism’s chances for survival.
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What is Natural Selection or Survival of the Fittest?
Process by which individuals better suited to their
environment can survive and reproduce most successfully.
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Homologous Structures
Anatomically similar structures inherited from a common
ancestor. (evidence of evolution)
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What are some examples of vestigial structures
Whale pelvis, appendix, wisdom
teeth, kiwi wings, etc.
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•Fossil Records•Geographical Distribution•Homologous Structures•Vestigial Organs
•Similarities in Embryology
Pieces of Evidence of Evolution?
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They are carried on the X chromosome (males XY, females XX)
Why are sex-linked traits more common in males
than in females?
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What are the 4 nitrogen bases that pair up in the DNA
molecule?
Adenine pairs with Thymine
Guanine pairs with Cytosine
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Crossing over.
When homologous chromosomes pair up during meiosis and exchange genes,
causing variation.
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AUGACGU
What would be the sequence of RNA bases that would pair up with a strand of DNA bases that reads
TACTGCA?
$1000
What are the 3 parts that make up a nucleotide?
Sugar, phosphate and a nitrogen base.
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Mutation
A permanent change in a cell’s DNA.
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Fossil
Preserved evidence of an organism, often found in sedimentary rock, that
provides evidence of past life.
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Abiotic = nonliving; biotic = living
What is the difference between abiotic and biotic
factors?
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Plant wall an chloroplasts
What organelle are present in plant cell but not animal cells
$1000
DNARNAProteins
How are proteins made?