vol3 - kalpa

Volume: XIV Part I Section: 2 Chapter: 6 Page No: 49

Comprehensive CAT Plan of Satluj River Basin

Chapter 6: Community Development Block Kalpa

1. Data TABLE NO:10

HORTICULTURE CROPS

AREA

VARIETIES (LOCAL/IMPROVED)

IRRIGATED/UNIRRIGATE MEAN FYM

MEAN YIELD

MEAN SALE

CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS

PESTICIDES SOURCE OF PLANT

MATERIAL

AVAILABILITY OF

TECHNICAL GUIDANCE

LOCAL%

IMPROVED%

IRRIGATED%

UNIRRIGATED%

YES% NO% YES% NO% LOCAL%

GOVT.%

NO%

YES%

NO%

Almond 20 100 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 100 100 0 100 0 0 100 0

Apple 355.5 36.11 63.89 66.67 33.33 29.69 18.79 16669.58 44.44 55.56 77.78 22.22 86.11 13.89 0 50 50

Apricot/ Chuli 16.5 100 0 100 0 0 0.67 4680 0 100 0 100 100 0 0 100 0

Chilgoza 9.5 100 0 75 25 0 0.42 15789.47 0 100 0 100 100 0 0 100 0

Grapes 3.5 100 0 100 0 1.12 0.86 4571.43 25 75 50 50 100 0 0 100 0

Pears 18.5 100 0 80 20 0.3 1.3 1117.65 0 100 20 80 100 0 0 100 0

Walnut 0.5 100 0 100 0 0 0 3040 0 100 0 100 100 0 0 0 100

TABLE NO:11

AGRICULTURE CROPS

AREA

VARIETIES (LOCAL/IMPROVED) IRRIGATED/UNIRRIGATE

MEAN FYM

MEAN YIELD


AVAILABILITY OF TECHNICAL GUIDANCE

LOCAL% IMPROVED% IRRIGATED% UNIRRIGATED% YES% NO% YES% NO%

Barley 65 100 0 75 25 7.57 1.86 0 100 60.71 39.29

Fafra 25.5 100 0 72.22 27.78 4.08 1.4 0 100 44.44 55.56

Kadu 4 100 0 33.33 66.67 5 0.5 0 100 100 0

Maize 43 100 0 72 28 5.24 1.54 0 100 68 32

Mustard 1 100 0 100 0 5 0.3 0 100 100 0

Ogla 21 100 0 73.33 26.67 3.27 1.19 0 100 40 60

Paddy 2 100 0 100 0 10 1 0 100 100 0

Potato 35 100 0 81.82 18.18 5.09 2.05 0 100 40.91 59.09

Rajmash 57 100 0 69.7 30.3 5.17 0.66 0 100 63.64 36.36

Tulsi 3 100 0 50 50 7.5 0.47 0 100 100 0

Wheat 29 100 0 73.33 26.67 6.37 1.47 0 100 66.67 33.33



TABLE NO:12

VEGETABLE CROPS

AREA

VARIETIES (LOCAL/IMPROVED) IRRIGATED/UNIRRIGATE

MEAN FYM

MEAN YIELD



LOCAL% IMPROVED% IRRIGATED% UNIRRIGATED% YES% NO% YES% NO%

Brinjal 5.4 100 0 71 28.57 1.38 0.37 7.14 92.86 92.86 7.14

Cabbage 10.55 100 0 87 13.04 1.55 0.66 34.78 65.22 73.91 26.09

Capsicum 4.65 100 0 75 25 1.13 0.43 16.67 83.33 66.67 33.33

Cauliflower 7.05 100 0 85 15 0.89 0.43 45 55 65 35

Chilli 0.55 100 0 100 0 0.8 0 33.33 66.67 100 0

French Beans 8.1 100 0 100 0 2.25 1.36 50 50 50 50

Garlic 0.3 100 0 100 0 1.2 0 100 0 100 0

Peas 43.1 100 0 82 17.86 5.88 2.55 32.14 67.86 75 25

Tomato 2.4 100 0 100 0 1.4 0 100 0 40 60

TABLE NO:13

LIVES STOCKS

NO OF LIVES

HEALTH CARE NATURAL/AI SERVICE BREED STALL FEEDING/GRAZING OR

BOTH

MEAN CONCENTRATE FED

MEAN LACTATION

MEAN YIELD


YES% NO% NATURAL%

AI% BOTH%

NO% LOCAL%

IMPROVED%

STALL%

GRAZING%

BOTH%

No%

YES% NO%

Bullocks 6 20 80 0 0 0 100 100 0 0 100 0 0 0.6 0 0 20 80

Cows 65 17.24 82.76 27.59 58.62 10.34 3.45 100 0 82.76 10.34 6.9 0 1.81 546.21 1465.52 62.07 37.93

Donkeys

/ Mules 2 0 100 100 0 0 0 100 0 0 100 0 0 1 0 0 0 100

Goat 124 28.57 71.43 71.43 0 0 28.57 100 0 0 100 0 0 1.43 0 0 42.86 57.14

Heifers 1 0 100 0 0 0 100 100 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0

Sheep 260 20 80 80 0 0 20 100 0 0 100 0 0 1.5 0 0 70 30

Yaki/

Churu 3 100 0 100 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 100 0



TABLE NO : 14 NO OF HOUSE HOLDS STUDIES 35

CAST CATEGORY(BUDHA) GENERAL% 2.86

CAST CATEGORY(Hindu)

GENERAL% 40 SC% 8.57 ST% 42.86

TRIBAL % 5.71

ELECTRICITY CONNECTION YES% 100 NO% 0

MOTORABLE ROAD TO VILLAGE YES% 100 NO% 0

DISPENSARY/MEDICAL FACILITY IN VILLAGE

YES% 100 NO% 0

MEDICAL FACILITY DISTANCE (KM) 0

TAP WATER YES% 100 NO% 0

TOILET YES% 100 NO% 0

NO OF FAMILY MEMBER TOTAL MALE 119 TOTAL FEMALE 112

EDUCATION(MALE)

DEGREE% 18.49 +TWO% 21.85 MATRIC% 21.85 MIDDLE% 16.81 PRIMARY% 14.29 ILLITRATE% 6.72

EDUCATION(FEMALE)

DEGREE% 13.39 +TWO% 19.64 MATRIC% 21.43 MIDDLE% 16.07 PRIMARY% 10.71 ILLITRATE% 18.75



ANNUAL INCOME

SERVICE 5692000 AGRI/HOTI 5924500 LABOUR 78000 MISC 760550

TOTAL ANNUAL INCOME 355858.6

TABLE NO:14(A)

SOCIAL PARTICIPATION MARKETING PATTERN OF

PRODUCE SOURCE OF BORROWING

MAHILA MANDAL %

YOUTH

CLUB %

CO-

OP %

MAHILA MANDAL/YOUTH CLUB %

RAKCHAM

PANCHAYAT

GRAM PANCHAYAT

% NO% PRIVATE% NO%

CO-

OP% BANK%

CO-

OP % RELATIVES%

FRIENDS

%

ANY OTHER %

51.43 2.86 2.86 2.86 2.86 2.86 31.43 100 0 0 97.14 2.86 0 0 0

FUEL/FODDER MANAGEMENT

FUEL/FODDER REQUIREMENT %

AVALIBILITY% GAP % YES% NO%

FUEL 100 0 23 77

FODDER 77.14 22.86 36.29 39

FUEL SOURCE SOURCE TO COVER GAP % FODDER SOURCE SOURCE TO COVER GAP %

Forest Dryed Plants 2.86 Forest 34.29

Gas 2.86 Forest,Purchase 20

LPG 17.14 Kanda Grazing 2.86

LPG,Block 2.86 No 14.29

LPG,Forest 71.43 Private 2.86

LPG,Purchase 2.86 Purchase 20

Self Land 5.71



INCOME GENERATING ACTIVITIES EXISTING INTERESTED

Khaddi Sewing,Embroidery

No Khaddi, Fishery, Poultry, Mushroom, Sewing, Bee Keeping, Horticulture,Agriculture, Embroidery

MINOR FOREST PRODUCE(MFP)

EXISTINGNAME ANNUALINCOME SUGGESTION

No 0 No

Volume: III Part I Section:2 Chapter:6 Page No: 54


2. Analysis

District Kinnaur

Community Development Block Kalpa

The socio-economic conditions of Kalpa Development Block are summarized in the

following tables.

Table: 1 Ethnic Group & Religion, Study Area, 2009-10.

(Per cent)

Religion

Hindu 97.14

Budhist 2.86

Category (Hindu)

General 40.00

SC 8.57

ST 48.57

Category (Budhist)

General 2.86

It can be observed from the Table-1 that in study area majority of the population was

Hindu (97.14). The percentage of Buddhist was only 2.86. As far as caste category

among Hindu was concerned schedule caste category constituted the largest proportion

accounting for 48.57 per cent. Next in importance was general category (40.00 per

cent). The percentage of ST category was 8.57. Among the Budhist all the households

were from general category.

Table: 2 Infrastructure Facilities, Study Area, 2009-10.

(Per cent)

Village Level Yes NO

Motorable road to village 100.00 0.00

Health facility in a village 100.00 0.00

Family level Electricity connection 100.00 0.00

Tap water connection 100.00 0.00

Toilet facility 100.00 0.00

*Kilometre

Table -2 exhibits that all the o villages were connected with motorable roads. As far as

health facilities in villages were concerned all the villages were having medical facility.

Table further indicates that all the households were having water connection and toilet

facility in their households. As far as electricity connection was concerned all the

sampled households were having electric connection in their houses.

Table: 3 Distribution of selected families according to gender, Study Area, 2009-10.

(Number)

Gender

Male 119

Female 112

Total 231

Average size of family 6.6

Sex ratio* 941

*Number of females per thousand males

The information on average size of family and gender- wise classification of sampled

households has been presented in Table – 3. It can be observed form the table that on

overall level, the average family consisted of 6.6 members. In the study area sex ratio

was 941.



Table: 4 Educational Level, Study Area, 2009-10

(Per cent)

Educational Level Male Female

Illiterate 6.71 18.75

Primary 14.29 10.71

Middle 16.81 16.08

Matriculate 21.85 21.43

Sr. Secondary 21.85 19.64

Degree 18.49 13.39

Table -4 represents the educational level of sampled population of the study area. As

regard the literacy of the family members was concerned, it was found to be higher

among males as compared to females. The proportion of illiteracy in females was more.

The majority of the females (18.75 per cent) were illiterate. The proportion of the female

population having studied up to primary, middle, matriculation and sr. secondary

standards was 10.71, 16.08, 21.43 and 19.64 per cent, respectively. It can be seen from

the table that only 13.39 per cent of the female population had education up to degree

level. Among the males, majority of the population (21.85 per cent) were having

education up to sr. secondary level. About 18.49 per cent of male population had

education up to degree level. The percentage of illiterate was 6.71 among males.

Table: 5 Distribution of Family Income, Study Area, 2009-10

(Average)

Sr. No Particulars Annual family Income (Rs.)

1. Horticulture/Agriculture 169271

(47.54)

2. Service 162629

(45.70)

3. Miscellaneous 21730

(6.10)

4. Labour 2229

(0.62)

Total 355859

(100.00)

Note: Figures in parentheses represent percentages.

In order to get an insight unto the annual family income as a whole an analysis was

carried out on the basis of family as a unit. The major constituents of family income in

the study area were agriculture/horticulture and service. A perusal of Table – 5 reveals

that on an average, the total annual family income, per household, was worked out to be

Rs. 3, 55,859. The major source of annual family income was agriculture/horticulture. It

contributed about 47.54 per cent towards total family income. Next in importance was

service, as it contributed about 45.70 per cent. The contribution of miscellaneous was

6.10 per cent. The contribution of labour was only 0.62 per cent.

Table: 6 Social Participation, Study Area, 2009-10

(Per cent)

Participation (68.57)

Mahila Mandal 51.43

cooperatives 9.84

Youth Club 4.44

Self Help Groups 2.86

No Participation (31.43)

Table – 6 shows the average social participation of households in study area. Overall

68.57 per cent were participating in Mahila Mandals, Cooperatives, Youth Clubs and Self

Help Groups with 51.43, 9.84, 4.44 and 2.86 percentages, respectively.



Table: 7 Marketing Pattern of Produce, Study Area, 2009-10

(Per cent)

Private 100.00

Government 0.00

Cooperatives 0.00

Table – 7 reveals that all the respondents were selling their produce to private parties.

Table: 8 Source of Borrowings, Study Area, 2009-10

(Per cent)

Bank 90.16

Cooperative Society 9.84

Relatives 0.00

Friends 0.00

Any other 0.00

The source of borrowings by the sampled households is presented in Table – 8. The

majority of the respondents (90.16 per cent) had taken loan from banks. The percentage

of respondents who had taken loan from cooperatives was 9.84.

Table: 9 Income Generating Activities, Study Area, 2009-10

(Activities)

Existing Interested

Khaddi, Sewing, Embroidery Khaddi, Fishery, Poultry, Bee Keeping, Mushroom

Table – 9 presents the existing and those income generating activities in which people

were interested for future. Khaddi, Sewing and Embroidery were the existing income

generating activities in the study area, and people showed interest for future in Khaddi,

Fishery, Poultry, Bee Keeping, and Mushroom cultivation.

Table: 10 Fuel/Fodder Management, Study Area, 2009-10

(Per cent)

Requirement Availability Gap Sources to cover

gap by household

Fuel 100.00 23.00 77.00 Forests (36.00)

LPG (64.00)

Fodder 77.14 36.29 63.71 Forest (35.00)

Purchase from

private parties

(65.00)

Table – 10 shows the fuel and fodder management by the respondents in study area. It

can be seen from the table that on an average people were able to mange only 23.00

percent fuel from their own farms and to cover the gap, 36.00 per cent households were

dependent on forests. As far as fodder is concerned, to cover the gap which was 63.71

percent, 35.00 per cent households were dependent on forests and 65.00 per cent were

purchasing the fodder from private parties.

Suggestions

• Rural infrastructure like village roads, drinking water, and sanitation needs to be

strengthened.

• Health sub-centers may be provided with proper building and staff.

• The occurrence of school dropouts has been quite high as we move from school

education to higher education.

• In order to raise the socio-economic status, increase employment opportunities

and generate self confidence, the top priority is to be given for their education.

The education will help in providing their participation in economic activities and



add to their productivity.

• The overall literacy rate of women is low as compared to men folk. Keeping in

view the active role played by women in home management special schemes

should be introduced to get her more educated.

• Social participation should be encouraged. There is a need to educate the people

about the importance of co-operatives, self help groups and youth clubs. Further,

they may be motivated to establish these rural institutions. While using the

People Rural Appraisal (PRA), it is noted that most of the people were not having

knowledge about development activities. Thus, their participation in such

institutions may be encouraged to improve their knowledge about developmental

activities.

• In the study area major source of family income is agriculture/horticulture. Every

farmer who wants to expand or even maintain his or her business invariably

needs cash. The need for cash implies a need for credit, and as most small scale

farmers need relatively small amounts of credit. Microcredit is not always the

solution farmers are looking for, and they benefit from it less than other sectors.

Their need for credit may be relatively small, but it is larger than that of the

average micro-entrepreneur. Farmers need access to credit over a long period of

time as they have to wait until harvest time or later, until they can pay back a

loan. Unlike other micro-enterprises, agriculture cannot sustain above market

interest rates as the financial returns are not high enough. Keeping this in view

government should make efforts for microfinance instead of microcredit.

• All incumbents in study area are marketing their produce to private parties but

resentment was also there among them that private parties are not purchasing

their produce at proper rates. Government should do efforts in this respect.

• In order to make the people economically better off, there is a need to introduce

new income generating activities as suggested by them. Proper training should be

imparted to them to start new activities. Existing income generating activities

should be strengthened by making them more trained. Women folk should be

trained to improve their economic status. Improved economic status will lead to

increase in empowerment of women and also enable them to participate

increasingly in decision making in the family and society, which at present is

more or less the exclusive domain of the men folk.

• There exists a gap in fodder requirement and which is mostly met with from

forests. To meet out this gap new species of fodder trees and grasses and

improved management practices (Agronomic practices and fertilization

application) should be popularized.

• To cover the gap in fuel people were dependent on forests for fuel wood. To

release the pressure of forests alternative sources like solar energy, bio-gas

should be encouraged. An investment in this direction can be cheaper and more

eco-friendly source electrification.

• Pressure cookers should be provided to them on subsidized rates.

• Training should be imparted to women to save energy. Wood saving devices like

improved chullas should be introduced.



3. Costing

DEVELOPMENT BLOCK KALPA

Basic Statistics

• No of MWs in the CD Block falling in Satluj Catchment 10 **

• Range of general slope of land 30 to

90%**

• Farmers' owned land area 2905 ha**

• Irrigated area 79 %**

• Fodder supply against demand*

• Green fodder 100 %

• Dry fodder 100 %

Improvement Expenditure to be met from CAT Plan Rs. In

Lakhs

• Cost of maintenance of irrigation structures on 0.5% area (15

ha) @ Rs. 0.25 Lakh/ha)

3.75

• Cost of 1 % area (29 ha) to be brought under organic farming

(@ Rs. 10,000/= per ha)(Only incentive portion)***

2.90

• Rejuvenation of senile orchards {0.5 % of area (15 ha) @

Rs.15,000/= per ha} (Only incentive portion)***

2.25

• Area expansion under Hort. Crops {0.5% of area (15 ha) @ Rs.

60,000/= per ha}( Only incentive portion)***

9.00

• 0.5 % of area (15 ha) to be Bench Terraced (@ Rs.1,06,882/=

per ha)****

16.03

• One Community Water Storage Tank for 10 hectare command area

in each Block***

17.25

• One Farm Pond (125 CM) for each micro-watershed (10 Nos.)

@ Rs. 2,96, 000/= per pond****

29.60

• 0.5 % of farmers’ owned land (15 ha ) to be brought under

grassland

improvement (@ Rs. 1.0 Lakh/ha)*****

15.00

• One Natural Breeding Centre (NBC) in each micro-watershed (10

Nos.)

@ Rs. 25,000/= per centre******

2.50

• Cost of one Gosadan to accommodate 100 cattle heads

1. Recurring cost@ Rs.40/= per cattle per day

2. Recurreing cost of 4 attendants @ Rs. 120/=/per

day/per attendant

3. Fixed cost for raising Gosadan structures

14.60

1.73

5.00

Total 119.61

Source

* Block Dev.Office/Distt. Statistical Office

** NERIL Survey

*** Cost norms as per Hort.Tech. Mission, GOI/Deptt. of Hort. H.P.

**** Deptt. of Agri. H.P norms

***** Dept. of Ani. Husbandry, H.P. norms

****** Mid Himalayan Project norms

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vol3 - kalpa