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VOLTAGE REGULATION

CALCULATIONS

BY

CH.NARASIMHA MURTHYCONSULATANT/ CIRE

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VOLTAGE REGULATION-Defnition

VOLTAGE REGULATION IS EXPRESSED ASA PERCENTAGE DROP WITH REERENCETO THE RECEIVING VOLTAGE

PERCENTAGE REGULATION! "##$E%-E&'/E&

W(e&e E%! Sen)in* Vo+t,*e

E&! Reeiin* Vo+t,*e

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Pe&i%%i0+e Vo+t,*eRe*1+,tion%

2V,&i,tionoe& De+,&e) o+t,*e

Lo3 o+t,*e$4 56# o+t%' 7 8 to -8Me)i1 Vo+t,*e$486# o+t%' 7 8 to -8

Hi*( Vo+t,*e $986# o+t% ,n)

1: to ;;### o+t%' 7 8 to - :oint%' to (e@ 1:3(et(e& t(e 2 VR i% 3it(in :e&i%%i0+e

+iit% ,n) 3(et(e& t(e&e i% 1%(ion o&,))ition o 1&t(e& +o,)% o& , ne3 net3o&@i% to 0e :+,nne).

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CALCULATION O VR%

T(e ,0oe et(o) i% 1ite10e&%oe ,n) tie on%1in*.Di*it,+ o:1te& ,n) , &e:1te)

%ot3,&e i% &e1i&e) o& ,&&Kin* o1t&i*o1&o1% ,n,+K%i% o net3o&@%.

Ho3ee& o& ,@in* 1i@ (,n)

,+1+,tion% %i:+e& et(o) 1%in*3(,t i% @no3n ,% Re*1+,tionCon%t,nt% i% ,,i+,0+e

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CALCULATION O REGULATIONCONSTANT $RC'

A TK:i,+ R,)i,+ ee)e& (,in* Nno)e%.

n7" i% t(e %o1&e no)e$";5/;; @ o&;;/"" Q o& ""/. QV %10%t,tion%'

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CALCULATION O REGULATIONCONSTANT $RC'

Con%i)e& , &,)i,+ net3o&@ (,in* n no)e%3it( +o,)% $:""'$:55'.$:nn' ,t no)e%"5.n

P":5:n,&e ,tie +o,)% "5.n,&e&e,tie +o,)%. A::,&ent +o,) %,K ,t no)e I

!S&t$:i57i5'

n7" i% t(e %o1&e/%1::+K no)e. e*.;;/"" @

%10%t,tion in ,%e o "" @ net3o&@ OR";5/;; @ %10%t,tion in ,%e o ;; @net3o&@

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CALCULATION O REGULATIONCONSTANT $RC'

Tot,+ Vo+t,*e )&o: in t(e Net3o&@

!S1 o o+t,*e )&o:% in %etion% "to n

n

! Ii$Li&io% 7Li=i%in' "##

i!"

n

@,iLi$&io% 7 =i%in'J"##

i!" %&t$;'@ $E&/%&t$;''"###

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CALCULATION O REGULATIONCONSTANT $RC'

@!E%!E&$,% t(e )i>e&ene 0et3een E%,n) E&i% %,++'

2 VR! $&o%7=%in'@,iLi

"# $@'5

T(e :&o)1t @,iLi i% @no3n ,% @,-@o t(e +ine i.e. %1 o :&o)1t% o+o,)$@,' in t(e %etion ,n) it% +en*t($@'

Hene 2 VR! $&o%7=%in'Q,-@

"#$@'5

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CALCULATION O REGULATIONCONSTANT $RC'

RC! 2VR o& @,-@!"##

!$&o%7=%in'"##

"#$@'5

RC ,n ,+%o 0e e=:&e%%e) ,% @,-@ o&

"2 VR i.e. "! $&o%7=%in'Q,-@

"#$@'5

Hene @,-@ o& "2 VR! "#$@'5

&o%7=%in

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RCS o& ;; QV ;-:(,%e +ine% ,t .# P

Sl.No

Size ofACSRconductornormally

used

Code

CurrentCarryingCapa

city(amps)

MVAKM for1Regulation

Regulation for 1!!KVA KM

Ma"imumMVA KM#oading($or% VR)

" #MM5

$?/.# &o t(e M,inLine

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PRESENTPRACTICES$Cont)'

T(e Tot,+ Lo,) ini)ent on e,( %etiono M,in Line o:1te) ,n) M1+ti:+ie)0K it% Len*t(. P&o)1t ,i+i,&+K @no3n,%QVA-QM

QVA-QM o ,++ %etion% ,))e) to o0t,inTOTAL QVA-QM o M,in Line )ii)e) 0KD ,n) 1+ti:+ie) 0K Re*1+,tion

Con%t,nt $R.C' to o0t,in 2 T,i+ En)Re*1+,tion o ee)e&

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PRESENT PRACTICES$Cont)'

LOSSES P&o)1t o %1,&e o +o,) ,n) )i%t,ne o&

e,( %etion$in+1)in* %etion% on %:1&+ine%' ,+1+,te)

QVA5-QM o& ee)e& o0t,ine) 0K ,))in*QVA5-QM o ,++ %etion% 1+ti:+ie) 0K Lo%%

Con%t,nt $L.C' to o0t,in Pe,@ Po3e&Lo%%$::+'

Q3( +o%%!::+LLNo.o (o1&% in t(e :e&oi)

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#?A7 $#?= ANA#@SS

7ra4 +ac2s of B"isting System/ C,+1+,tion o VRS ,n) +o%%e% 0K1%in* RC ,n) LC Tie Con%1in*

L,0o1&io1% ,n) A::&o=i,te

o&1+,e o& RC ,n) LC :&e%1eCon%t,nt Vo+t,*e ,t en) o e,(

%etion o net3o&@. At1,+ VR ,n)+o%%e% 3i++ 0e (i*(e&.

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VR f*1&e i% o& t,i+ en). We nee)

o+t,*e% ,n) +o%%e% ,t inte&e)i,te:oint% ,n) on %:1& +ine% o&e=,inin* t(e nee) o Boo%te&%

,n) C,:,ito&%

A%%1:tion t(,t ,&t(e%t en) ot(e ee)e& i% +o3e%t o+t,*e :oint

,K not 0e t&1e. P&e%ent H,n)C,+1+,tion et(o)% ,&e e&&oneo1%.

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RADIAL LOAD LOWALGORITHM

:; :5 :"

; 5 "

Pn Pn-" Pn-5 n n-" n-5

; 5 " n n-" n-5n7"

PL5 PL"L5 PL"

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RADIAL LOAD LOWALGORITHM

Re,) %en)in* en) o+t,*e En7",n) ,tie:o3e& Pi,n) &e,tie :o3e& i ini)ent on

e,( no)e o& i!"n

Initi,++K ,%%1e t(,t ,tie :o3e& +o%% PLOS i

,n) &e,tie :o3e& +o%% LOSiin e,(%etion i% e&o o& i!"n Set OLD LOSS!#

E%ti,te ,tie :o3e&$PLi',n) &e,tie:o3e&$Li' Zo3 in e,( %etion o& i!"n

1%in*

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RADIAL LOAD LOWALGORITHM

PLi!PF7 PLOSF Li! F7LOSFC,+1+,te t(e o+t,*e ,t e,( no)e %t,&tin* &o

%en)in* en) ,n) :&oee)in* to3,&)% t,i+en)

E5i7"! Ei 575 =$PLi = RLi7Li = XLi'7$PLi57Li5'RLi/Ei5

C,+1+,te t(e ,tie :o3e& +o%% ,n) &e,tie:o3e& +o%% in e,( %etion

PLOSi!$PL5i7Li

5

'RLi/Ei5

LOSi! $PLi57+i5'XLi/Ei5

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RADIAL LOAD LOWALGORITHM

E%ti,te tot,+ +o%% in t(e ee)e& ,n)2 o ,&i,tion o t(e +o%%

NEWLOS! PLOSi

ERR!ABS$NEWLOS-OLDLOS'/NEWLOS

C(e@ 3(et(e& ERR i% +e%% t(,n

one&*ene &ite&i, %et. I Ye%Te&in,te t(e A+*o&it(.

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RADIAL LOAD LOWALGORITHM

P&int ,tie ,n) &e,tie :o3e& Zo3%,n) ,tie :o3e& +o%% in e,( %etion,n) o+t,*e ,t e,( no)e

I not %to&e ,+1e o +,te%t ee)e&+o%% ,n) &e:e,t %te:% ;68? ti++one&*ene +iit i% %,ti%fe)

@

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LA OR A TYPICAL "" @EEDER

An,+K%i% o& , tK:i,+ "" @ ee)e&1%in* t(e onention,+ QVA- QMet(o) ,n) o:1te&ie) Lo,) +o3An,+K%i% i% *ien o& o:,&i%ion .

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C?MARS?N ?$ V?#-ADBAN7 BAK ?=BR #?SS

Metod Ma"imumVoltage7rop

ea2o4er#oss K=

Co:1te& Ai)e)

Lo,) +o3

55.6 #8.#

Conention,+Met(o) oVo+t,*e D&o: ,n)Lo%% Con%t,nt%

"8.5 5;6.#

2 E&&o& ;.< ?5.?8

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THANQ YOU