Hibulb NewsVolume 7 Issue 1 Summer 2018

NEW EXHIBIT COMING TO HIBULB NOVEMBER 2018: Interwoven History: Coast Salish WoolBy Tessa Campbell, Senior Curator

Capt. George Vancouver’s Visit to Tulalip Bay by Lynora Boice ....................................2

Interwoven History: Coast Salish Wool by Tessa Campbell ...............................1

Blanket Made From Extinct Woolly Dog Hair by Emilie Smith ....................................3

Salmon Bake Fundraiser by Nicole Sieminski ...............................5

1914 Canoe Races in Everett by LJ Mowrer ........................................5

Since time-immemorial, Coast Salish people have utilized local resources to create textiles that communicate status, wealth and innovation. These beautiful woven innovations were almost a lost tradition and have been revitalized over the last decade. The disappearance of Coast Salish weaving coincided with the introduction of commercialized blankets from the Hudson Bay Company. The Hibulb Cultural Center is proud to announce its next temporary exhibition,

Interwoven History: Coast Salish Wool. This exhibition is scheduled to be on display in Hibulb’s temporary gallery November 3rd, 2018–October 5th, 2019.

In pre-contact times, making a wool blanket was a labor of love as it took many years to fully construct a blanket. The entire process took time, travel and dedication. In the spring and summer months, Tulalip women would take the trek to Index, WA area to collect mountain goat wool off of bushes. Mountain goats begin to shed their soft and fluffy fur when temperatures rise. Other material was collected and added to a wool blanket along with the

mountain goat wool such as duck down, fireweed, nettle, woolly

dog fur (now extinct) and cedar bark.

Once enough material was collected is the when the processing of it began. Interwoven History: Coast Salish Wool, visitors will learn about the fundamentals of Coast Salish weaving. Visitors will be able to view the technology used to process the fibrous wool materials such as

looms and spindle whorls. In addition to technology, the materials used for weaving blankets and their processes will be exhibited. In addition to learning about processing and weaving techniques, this exhibit will explore the history of the extinct wooly dog whose fibrous fur was integrated into wool blankets.

The exhibit is geared towards adult populations with integrated activities for children. Hands-on opportunities for youth include a touchscreen interactive game, a puppet theater that depicts a mountain wool gathering experience and weaving interactives that teach the different types of weaves. Visual displays of woolen woven items will instill how these beautiful items came to life. Old woven items, along with contemporary wool woven items will be on display.

In search of the fabled Northwest Passage, Captain George Vancouver with his two ships, H.M.S. Discovery and Chatham sailed through the Strait of Juan de Fuca and into the Salish Sea in early May 1792. He spent the next two months charting the waters. He named the area Puget Sound after his loyal Lieutenant, Peter Puget, who led a contingent of small boats to measure and chart the intricate bays and islands of its southern shores.

Have you seen the small monument, dedicated to Captain George Vancouver, in Grand Avenue Park in Everett? It reads “On the beach near this spot Vancouver landed June 4, 1792.” It was placed there in 1912 by the local chapter of the Daugh-ters of the American Revolution. Well, I guess “near” is relative.

Most Tulalip members know that the nearby beach referred to is 11 miles away at Tulalip Bay. They know from stories passed down from their ancestors. An-chorage points shown on a compiled map published in 1798 from Vancouver’s charts clearly show his anchorage in Tulalip Bay. Also, accounts in several of the crew’s logs and journals describe the bay in detail. They literally put Tulalip on the map.

Although it had been George Vancouver’s intention to come ashore on the King’s birthday to claim all the land he had visited thus far, as far as his eye could see, for the English Crown, King George III, and his realm, it was due to the crew needing a well-deserved rest that this event took place at Tulalip Bay.

A few days earlier the two ships had anchored off the west side of Hat Island. They could see two channels to the north and Vancouver sent Joseph Whidbey with a small boat crew to chart the eastern channel advising him the ships would wait his return. Whidbey did return the

following day and presumed he had been seen by the crew of the Chatham so did not fire a shot, announcing his presence, before heading up the western channel. Vancouver however, not aware of his return, presumed Whidbey had sailed through northward so ordered the two ships sail up the eastern channel with the intention of continuing the expedition north.

The Chatham sailed ahead of the Discovery and, on the outgoing tide, be-came firmly stuck in the mud. Vancouver ordered the Discovery to anchor, and took a small boat to search the surrounding area for either a passage to the north or Whidbey and crew. His search was in vain but it seemed the Chatham was not damaged by its grounding. The crew of both ships secured lines and waited for high tide. At 11 o’clock at night they were able to pull the Chatham off the mud and bring her to anchor in deeper water.

The next morning they sailed south to the tip of the channel and discovered a protected bay on the eastern shore into which emptied two streams of fresh water.

The crews of both ships were exhausted from the previous night’s adventure, so here Vancouver decided to anchor and wait for word of Whidbey and his men. Whidbey returned that evening full of stories of encounters with the friendly local natives, and no real apology for not making proper contact with the ships on their return from, what Vancouver had now named, Port Susan. Vancouver had a Chatham crewmember punished for allowing the grounding, but his relation-ship with Whidbey cooled and they were at odds for the remainder of the voyage.

It was now the 3rd of June, so Vancouver gave everyone the day off to fish and relax in the calm waters at Tulalip Bay in preparation for a feast to toast the King’s birthday on the 4th. At 1pm Captain George Vancouver, with as much ceremony as his crew could muster, landed on the southern shore and proclaimed possession of all surrounding land and sea in the name of his highness King George III and all his successors.

There are no official documented encounters during the expedition’s stay at

FIRST CONTACT: Captain George Vancouver’s Visit to Tulalip BayBy Lynora Boice, Tulalip History Project

Tulalip Bay, however, as they set sail back to Admiralty Inlet, botanist, Archibald Menzies wrote that they were “met by several canoes who accompanied us to near the entrance of the arm”.

Captain George Vancouver and his cartographers completed an amazing feat of charting the waters, from Cape Men-docino in California to Cook Inlet in the Gulf of Alaska, with remarkable accuracy. They found that most of the native popu-lation was friendly, and Vancouver showed

Before the arrival of colonists, the signatory tribes of Tulalip bred a special breed of dog with thick woolly hair to make blankets, shawls and other woolen regalia. Woolly dogs were held in high esteem in Coast Salish communities, having been fed a special diet of only salmon and were kept separate from stray and village dogs to prevent interbreeding. Woolly dogs were small, fluffy dogs with a thick, white and brown undercoat that held together strongly when spun.

When Captain George Vancouver first landed on the shores of what is now Port Gardner Bay, he recorded a firsthand account of the unique nature of woolly dogs. In 1792, he wrote: “The dogs belonging to this tribe of Indians were numerous and much resembled those of a Pomerania, though in general somewhat larger. They were all shorn as close to the skin as sheep are in England, and so compact were their fleeces, that large portions could be lifted up by the corner without causing any separa-tion. They were composed of a mixture of

a coarse kind of wool, with very fine long hair capable of being spun into yarn.”

Many woolly dogs were needed to make a single blanket. Because of this, woolly dog hair was often mixed with Mountain Goat wool and other natural fibers.

With the arrival of the Hudson’s Bay Company came cheap, manufactured blankets, making the strenuous process of weaving woolly dog blankets unnecessary. Woolly dogs were no longer kept separate and began breeding with other dogs. The Hibulb Cultural Center’s curatorial staff hypothesizes that by the 1920s; the woolly dog described by Vancouver had become extinct or had become completely interbred with other species resulting in the loss of their unique characteristics.

In 2012, Hibulb staff members extract-ed numerous artifacts from the home of tribal member, Wayne Williams, grandson of notable tribal member William Shelton (1868–1938). It was during this time where he pulled curator, Tessa Campbell aside to

tell her that there was a woolly dog blanket somewhere in the collection. It wasn’t until six years later that some of the blanket frag-ments found in his home was tested by the University of Victoria.

In March of this year, Dr. Elaine Humphrey of the University of Victoria came to Hibulb to gather more than ten different samples from the different blanket fragments. After the process was done via electron microscopy, her and her colleague, Terrence Loychuk, concluded that the blan-ket was constructed from a combination of woolly dog hair, mountain goat wool and other natural fibers. The blanket is dated to pre-1860, being one of the only blankets woven as described by early ethnographer George Gibbs (1815–1873).

The Hibulb Cultural Center staff was ecstatic to learn that it held a blanket of woolly dog hair in its collection due to its rarity. The blanket will be on display at the Hibulb Cultural Center’s upcoming exhibit, Interwoven History: Coast Salish Wool, opening November 3rd, 2018.

respect for native customs though some of his crew did not.

More explorers followed, and then settlers, who transformed the landscape and began to eradicate a way of life, that had been in place for thousands of years. The Point Elliott Treaty of 1855 allocated the land surrounding Tulalip Bay to be reserved for local Native Tribes. This bay, somewhat protected from European development, is ironically the very site of George Vancouver’s proclamation.

The tribes that lived near Tulalip Bay were forever changed beginning with this first encounter. The Tulalip Tribes of today are blessed by the perseverance and persistence of their ancestors who passed down many of their sacred traditions despite more than 200 years of marginal-ization. Now self- governed, the success of the Tulalip Tribes is born out of those tra-ditions of respect for all the surrounding land and sea and ensuring a sustainable future for all generations.

Rare Blanket Made From Extinct Woolly Dog HairBy Emilie Smith, Assistant Curator

Nicole Sieminski 360-716-5401 nsieminski@tulaliptribes-nsn.gov

Mytyl Hernandez360-716-2650mytyl@hibulbculturalcenter.org

SHARE A NIGHT OF TULALIP

Histo y & CultureJoin us for special evening at the Hibulb Cultural Center. There will be a traditional salmon dinner, a silent auction

featuring works by Tulalip tribal artists, a sneak peek of the upcoming exhibition, and entertainment.

SCHEDULE OF EVENTS4:00PMEXHIBIT OPEN HOUSE

5:00PMSOCIAL HOUR

6:00PMDINNER

Tickets available: $50 per personSponsorship opportunities also available.

The Tulalip Foundation is excited to host the second annual Tulalip Foundation Salmon Bake Fundraiser Benefiting the Hibulb Cultural Center on Saturday, August 18, 2018. The event will be held at the Hibulb Cultural Center and promises to be an inspiring

event featuring a traditional salmon bake and a silent art auction.

The first fundraiser was held in August 2017, on the sixth anniversary of the cultural center’s grand opening. Over 200 guests attended to show their support for the cultural center from all

corners of the reservation, county, and state, including distinguished guests from Tulalip, Quileute, and Squaxin Island. By the end of the evening, the event raised over $25,000 for the Hibulb Cultural Center, which is being used to present new exhibits and programming this year.

We invite you to join us in August as we continue our mission to revive, restore, protect, interpret, collect, and enhance the history, traditional cultural values, and spiritual beliefs of the Tulalip Tribes.

For more information or to show your support by making a donation, please visit: www.HibulbCulturalCenter.org or www.TulalipFoundation.org.

One of the highlights of the Fourth of July celebration in Everett in 1914 were the Indian canoe races. Two canoes from the Skagit tribe, two canoes from Tulalip and one from the Suquamish tribe participated in the war canoe race. The Suquamish canoe, “The Cyclone”, under the leadership of Charles Anderson took first place, with the “Smoke” and “Comet” canoes from

Tulalip taking second and third place. Well-known story pole carver William Shelton captained the “Smoke,” while J. Harrison was the leader of the “Com-et.” In the single paddle canoe race, A. Shelton won first place and H. Jackson

took second. The women’s double paddle canoe race was won by Mrs. Dunbar and Mrs. Campbell. Everett’s bay front was lined with spectators for the Indian canoe races as well as for other sailing and motorized boat races.

By Nicole Sieminski, Executive Director of Tulalip Foundation

By LJ Mowrer, Librarian

History Minute1914 Canoe Races in Everett

AN EVENING OF TULALIP HISTORY AND CULTURE: Salmon Bake Fundraiser

Located less than a mile west of I-5 Exit 199

6410 23rd Ave NE Tulalip, WA 98271

HibulbCulturalCenter.org

Events are included in the cost of admission.

For more information, contact:

Lena Jones 360-716-2640 lejones@tulaliptribes-nsn.gov

Mary Jane Topash 360-716-2657 mjtopash@hibulbculturalcenter.org

C A L E N D A R O F E V E N T S

July 2018

THU

5FREE ADMISSION DAY10:00 AM to 8:00 PM

The first Thursday of every month, we’re open until 8:00 PM with free admission for everyone!

NATIVE ART MART10:00 AM to 2:30 PM

A bazaar with handmade Native American art and crafts for sale.

WED

4INDEPENDENCE DAYClosed for the holiday.

SUN

8STORYTELLING1:00 PM to 1:30 PM

Young Tulalip storytellers Mason Landgrebe and Xavion Myles-Gilford return by popular request to share their storytelling.

WED

11WEAVING GATHERING5:00 PM to 7:30 PM

Weekly open forum for those interested to bring your weaving material and work on your projects, a time to visit, share, build skills, and complete your beautiful woven art. Kits available for purchase.

THU

12LIFE AND TIMES DISCUSSION6:00 PM to 7:00 PM

Lakota elder Matthew War Bonnet returns to reminisce about his life and times, including his boarding school experience.

SAT

14CHILDREN’S ARCHAEOLOGY DAY 2:00 PM to 2:30 PM

Young people are invited to join Museum Assistant Cary Williams in a hands-on examination of some of Hibulb’s artifacts to help learn about Coast Salish ancestral life and culture.

SUN

15QUILTING1:00 PM to 3:00 PM

Tribal elder Sandra Swanson shares her quilting expertise with a block-of-the-month project. Some experience required. Bring your own fabric.

THU

19FILM SCREENING “IDLE NO MORE”6:00 PM to 7:00 PM

Filmmaker and artist Brodie Stevens (Tulalip) will screen his films documenting one of the worldwide events in support of the powerful Idle No More movement—a grassroots drive to uphold treaties, honor sovereignty, stop environmental degradation, and reaffirm social equality.

SUN

29QUILTING1:00 PM to 3:00 PM

See July 15 for event description.

SAT

21MOCCASIN MAKING1:00 PM to 3:00 PM

Lacey Erin shares her beautiful moccasin making expertise with participants today and tomorrow. Bring your own material and supplies. Registration required. Limited number of spots available.

SUN

22MOCCASIN MAKING1:00 PM to 3:00 PM

See July 21 for event description.

WED

18WEAVING GATHERING5:00 PM to 7:30 PM

See July 11 for event description.

WED

25WEAVING GATHERING5:00 PM to 7:30 PM

See July 11 for event description.

THU

26HCC COASTAL JAM5:00 PM to 7:00 PM

Join us for singing and dancing Coastal style! All singers and drummers welcome to this free event..

Sixth Annual Hibulb Film Festival

CALL FOR ENTRIESThis year’s theme is “kʷədalikʷ ti waq̓waq̓

ʔə kʷi st̕ilib, Frog Catches a Song”.

All films are welcome, particularly films about music, dance, and values around traditional songs from our communities.

Films will be accepted through September 15, 2018.SAT

7NATIVE ART MART12:00 PM to 2:30 PM

A bazaar with handmade Native American art and crafts for sale.

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