VULNERABLE GROUPS-women and Children Caught in Conflict

8/18/2019 VULNERABLE GROUPS-women and Children Caught in Conflict

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Women and Children

Caught in Confict


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g

women and children face revolving

cycles of conicts and disasters. the country typically experiences

annual displacement due to politicalconict or natural disaster.


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such natural disasters, along with

protracted armed conict andexposure to violence, hinderattempts to alleviate the eects of

poverty, unsafe water andinadequate sanitation facilities,limited health-service delivery andpoorly functioning governance.


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Of the total population of 93

million, !" million are vulnera#le toconict or natural disaster, and$%&,&&& families are typicallydisplaced #y disaster annually.


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'isplaced families suer sporadic

disease out#rea(s, and undernutrition is endemic among children.


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)rolonged displacement and

continued insecurity mean familiesare without income, a push factor forchildren to enter ha*ardous la#oursituations.


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'estruction of school #uildings, long

distances #etween schools andevacuation centres, hidden costs andloss of important documents arefactors limiting education for

displaced students, causing manychildren to drop out.


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+iolent incidents due to family

feuds, local elections and typhoonsinterrupted childrens education in anum#er of provinces, particularlythose in northern and central u*on.

n /aguindanao )rovince, schoolingfor an estimated $!,&&& children wasaected in 0&$&.


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adopted #y the 1nited 2ations in $9%!and went into force the same year

proposed #y the 1nited 2ationsconomic and 4ocial 5ouncil

on the grounds that women andchildren are often the victims of wars,

civil unrest, and other emergencysituations that cause them to suer6inhuman acts and consequently suerserious harm


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'eclaration states that women andchildren suer victimi*ation during

armed conict due to 6suppression,aggression, colonialism, racism, aliendomination and foreign su#7ugation6


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8he 'eclaration specically prohi#itsattac(s and #om#ing of civilian

populations :;rticle $< and the use ofchemical and #iological weapons oncivilian populations :;rticle 0


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;rticle 3 requires states to a#ide #ythe =eneva )rotocol of $90> and the

=eneva 5onvention of $9!9.


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8he 'eclaration also requires countriesto ta(e measures to end 6persecution,torture, punitive measures, degradingtreatment and violence6 especiallywhen they are targeted against womenand children, as well as recogni*ing

6imprisonment, torture, shooting, massarrests, collective punishment,destruction of dwellings, and forci#leevictions6 as criminal acts.


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5ertain inaliena#le rights are alsoenshrined in the 'eclaration, such as

access to food, shelter, and medicalcare, which are to #e provided towomen and children caught inemergency situations.


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?inally, the 'eclaration cites the#inding nature of other international

law instruments, naming the1niversal 'eclaration of @umanAights, the nternational 5ovenant on5ivil and )olitical Aights, nternational

5ovenant on conomic, 4ocial and5ultural Aights, 'eclaration of theAights of the 5hild.


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8hose who remained in theircommunities temporarily stopped

going to school for a few days to aslong as over a month 8hose displaced stopped going to

school during the period of

displacement, and their schools weredestroyed in the ghting


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8he diets of those who remained intheir communities was reduced,

when their families were preventedfrom procuring food 8hose displaced had poor diets due

to meager rations in evacuation

centers and collapsed familylivelihoods


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+arious manifestations of traumaBnervousness, sleeplessness, lac( of

appetite and others;nxiousness triggered #y suddenloud noises or seeing fatigueuniforms


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5hildren were accused andthreatened

physically attac(ed and shot at'etained forced to do errands, guide soldiers,

or spy for them


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5hildren reveal the capacity foractive involvement in production

wor(, domestic tas(s and culturalactivities in their communities. 8heir most commonly expressed

desire was to nish school and help

their families


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;dded economic #urdens due to lesstime wor(ing on their farms,

slaughtered animals and destroyedfarms@eavier domestic tas(s and family

responsi#ilities?ragmented families


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4tress-related illnesses5omplications in pregnancies,

particularly in more stressful andunhygienic evacuation centers


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4exually suggestive comments made#y soldiers or re#els

;lleged fondling of womenAape


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Comen are a#le to #ear greatly added#urdens and family responsi#ilities

Comen have the capacity to ta(eaction and overcome the stereotype ofwea( and dependent women

Comen can mo#ili*e themselves and

their children, coordinate withpeoples organi*ations, and negotiatedirectly with armed groups


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Only recently has it #een internationallyrecogni*ed that war and conict aectwomen and children dierently.

8he rst 12 4ecurity 5ouncil resolutionever to specically recogni*e the issue:Aesolution $30>< was adopted inOcto#er 0&&&.

t advocated increased participation #ywomen in peace-(eeping activities andrecogni*ed the special vulnera#ility ofwomen in times of conict.


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D8he economic, social, political, legaland cultural structures thatperpetuate gender inequality are stillin place throughout the world, and inno nation do women have complete

equality within these structures toparticipate as fully as men.E


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8hese hierarchical structuresresulting in discrimination against

women and their second-class statusin society during peacetime limitwomens a#ility to cope with theconsequences of war, especially in

countries with a fundamentalistinterpretation of religion which isrepressive of womens rights.


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D)atriarchy means that women areregarded as mens property, an

addition to the territory and otherthings that men possess. Aape is tomale-female relations whatconquering troops are to occupied

territories, and imperial authority isto colonialism.E


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Comen experience war dierently than domen.

8he inequities that women around the

world face during peacetime arecompounded #y the enacting of nationalist,social, and cultural notions of gender andstate.

8hese conditions render them especiallyvulnera#le to stress, trauma, and diseaseat every time of warHduring conict, ight,displacement, and the aftermath of war.


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Documents

VULNERABLE GROUPS-women and Children Caught in Conflict