Vulnerable Road Users Safety in South East Asia18 March 2018, Global Forum for Road Traffic Safety

Assoc. Prof. Kunnawee KanitpongThailand Accident Research Center (TARC)Asian Institute of Technology (AIT)

Vulnerable Road Users Safety in Thailand

Population: 66,188,503

Registered Vehicle: 37,410,537

Driver Licenses : 31,773,271

Total Road Length : 117,386 km.

National Highways: 68,098 km.

Rural Highways: 49,080 km.

Expressway: 208 km.

VKT National Highways: 213,438 MVKT

GDP : 8,830,957 million-baht

Fuel Consumption in Transportation :

30,214 million-litre

Source: ThaiRoads, 2017

Motorcycles: 20,291,305

Motorcycle Crashes in Thailand

Helmet Use Rate of Motorcycle Users in Thailand*

Rider

Passenger

All Riders

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Rider Helmet Use by Rider Alcohol Involvement

142

7

17

133

19

18Alcoh

ol us

eNo

Yes

Unknown

Helmet use

No Yes

Riders under alcohol influence are more likely NOT to use helmet

Recommendations to improve Motorcycle Safety in Thailand

MC Rider Training

MC Rider training is needed before issuing licenses. The training should focus on• Traffic strategies to reduce perception and reaction failures of MC rider• Collision avoidance skills (especially frontal impact)• How to select and use helmet properly

Road and Environment

Need road infrastructure for MC• Motorcycle lanes or segregated lanes between MC and larger size of OV for highway• Road design to minimize conflicts at U-turn, intersections, access points • Study the effect of urban road design on the behavior of riding in the opposite direction

Law Enforcement

Set appropriate speed limit for MC and use appropriate technology for speed enforcement

Vehicle

Procedures on issuing MC licensesTechnology on enforcement of helmet wearing

Need technology for safety equipment for MC• Safety equipment to protect frontal impact• Technology to improve MC stability • Automatic braking / Automatic speed control

Recommendations to improve Motorcycle Safety in Thailand

Pedestrian Crashes in Thailand

Fatal Accidents in Bangkok

13

Crash Type

1.23%

1.23%

2.47%

3.70%

3.70%

6.17%

7.41%

7.41%

8.64%

12.35%

19.75%

25.93%

0% 25% 50% 75% 100%

รถยนต์ ชน รถจักรยาน/รถสามล้อ

รถยนต์ พลิกคว ่า/ตกถนน

ไม่ระบุ

จยย. ชน คน

รถยนต์ ชน วัตถ/ุสิ งของ

อื นๆ

จยย. ชน วัตถุ/สิ งของ

รถยนต์ ชน รถยนต์

จยย. ชน จยย.

รถยนต์ ชน คน

จยย. พลิกคว ่า/ตกถนน

รถยนต์ ชน จยย.

Car vs Bicycle

Car vs MC

MC runoff road

Car vs Pedestrian

MC vs MC

Car vs Car

MC hit to fixed object

Others

Car hit to fixed object

MC vs Pedestrian

Unknown

Car runoff road

Source: Bangkok Metropolitan Administration

16% of Fatal Accidents in Bangkok are Pedestrian Crashes

14

การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูลอุบัติเหตุทางถนนของกรุงเทพมหานคร

No. of Lanes

2.58%

11.61%

0.00%

20.00%

1.94%

27.10%

0.65%

36.13%

4.33%

8.04%

0.15%

23.34%

3.55%

28.13%

1.08%

31.38%

0% 25% 50% 75% 100%

ไม่ระบุ

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

คนเดินเท้า จกัรยาน/สามล้อ

Pedestrian/Bicyclist Accidents in Bangkok

Unknown

Pedestrian Bicyclists

Source: Bangkok Metropolitan Administration

Median Type

1.94%

3.23%

4.52%

10.97%

17.42%

61.94%

1.24%

2.01%

5.26%

12.83%

26.89%

51.78%

0% 25% 50% 75%

เกาะกลางแบบร่อง

ไม่ระบุ

มีอุปกรณ์กั้นกลางถนน

เกาะกลางแบบสี

เกาะกลางแบบถมยกขึ้น

ไม่มีเกาะกลาง

คนเดินเท้า จกัรยาน/สามล้อPedestrian Bicyclists

No median

Raised Curb Median

Flush Median

Median w/ Barrier

Unknown

Depressed Median

Most of Pedestrian Crashes occur on two-lane roads with no median

No

. o

f C

ras

h

Time

All Crashes

Fatal Crashes 19.00-22.00!!!Source: Bangkok Metropolitan Administration

Pedestrian/Bicyclist Accidents in Bangkok

Risk Factors for Pedestrian Traffic Injury in Thailand• Speed• Alcohol• Lack of pedestrian facilities• Inadequate visibility of pedestrian• Other factors

Other Factors??

• Lack of enforcement• Unsafe driving behavior• Driver/Pedestrian distraction: Use cell phone• Fatigue driving• Conflicts b/w pedestrians and vehicles at intersection• Elderly/young pedestrians• Driver and pedestrian attitude

18

Thank you