Jah: 2011.12.1 ngaix. ~ 2013.05.15 ngaix, mhai (33). Dee yuh lih - Cub caw yuh si tang Meung Vax.

sw, 2011_12_15 oef :~2013.05.15 oef :? rh m (33) wD ;xkuf ,tguf ,ykdefzmof , - pgif ;umefzh m,ykdefcmof , rld if :]o}?

Cao pu pliak lai ~ Sam Sang. Sang Kaw. zl ;ydef ,vd uf ;]o}~OmrfOmif :/ zl ;ydef ,wS rf ;_ayj.vd uf ;wh :sv;pmif ;cld if ; (Editor). Omif ,auj:? 佤译/三 木 桑 傣 译/尚. 果 http://www.wskeungwa.blog.com. http://you.video.sina.com.cn wasta tenewsagency

1

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Phan sang tawx pex lai khaw

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H oek pa sah sawn son been yiien yawg Meung Man pa yuh fux cu six U Teng Saw tix gaik jhak Meung Vax.

2013 num khix 5 – 10 ngaix, pa yuh fux cu six son been yiien yawg Meung Man U Teng Saw viex pa yuh pu cang daux sang wu chiux, pu cang daux pa sawn plak ngu: riang:, mai cao kaing liien daux sang cawx ti chi hoek tix gaik jhak grawng kaing: daux hak tiex Meung Vax. Cub U Teng Saw fux cu six in kix ngawm cag bo: hoek daux hak tiex Pang Sang plak ngawb kao tix taix na ri:, yuh krax kum ngawm mai cao kaing Meung Vax. Fux cu six daux vawng: Meung Vax tax kuad Ngaox, fux cong shu chi: tax kuad Rang, fux cong see ling tax kuad Kloi, tax kuad Run, pu cang daux pa yuh krax hoek hu mai plak praix tax Cao Kawx Ang, shee fax woe shu chi: tax Sam Lu:, cong yang pang kong thing cu reung tax Li Cu Liiex an kix riieb ngawm mai. Krax kum ngawm yuh kix jauh tix daux lox mhawm chawm khaw. Fux cu six daux vawng: Meung Vax tax kuad Ngaox viex buan son daux vawng: Meung Vax, buan son tax kuad pang ah lox rieb hoek toek bleeih ka fux cu six U Teng Saw an khan kix. Tax kuad Ngaox ah nin, hak tiex Meung Vax ang doh chix yuh krax tieh loh guah tix tang ot khaing Meung Man ti bawg kawx, hak tiex vax mawh pa ot daux hak tiex Man ti dauh, ang chix loh tix. ot yam krai lox, tax kuad Ngaox tawm viex buan son: Meung Vax tawx krax kaut rhawm mhaing: si mhie: Asoyax Meung Man viex lox mhawm chawm khaw krax yiien yawg hu prawng kaing daux hak tiex ku plak, ang viex mawh naing graing: mawh coax. ot yam khaw bawg yam, si mhie: Aso yax cox been pa tat daux 2008 num, sawn hak tiex Meung Vax mawh pa tang sawn kaing to cao tix, kieh tang mawh pang ti mu. Tax kuad Ngaox ka ah lox laoh lhie: ka krax

teem gaw pa tawx Asoyax Meung Man ka hak tiex Meung Vax daux ti num haoh bawg yam in, si mie cao kaing daux hak tiex Meung Man ku cub, riien hoek tix gaik jhak tawx krax si diex gau son kaing: Meung Vax. luan khaing an, ka tawx krax si ngieh si ngiiem son lai ling ing tiang: kawn pui daux hak tiex ku plak. U Teng Saw ka viex buan son krax pa si mhie: vawng: U: Teng Sheung ka cao kaing daux hak tiex Meung Vax. nawh ka yung yi, hak tiex Meung Man ka sang sau riang: tix son nyawm ot si ngeh koe kawn pui hak tiex si voe ngai, bre tix nghiiet sawn lox ah si kah tawx plak greem ku plak. Tax U Teng Saw ka daing yaog yaw: lox ah si kah krai khawm ra plak mai paox daux bang kum bawg in, cao nawh ka daing gaux rhawm ka yaox tix hoek yuh krax kum ngawm mai cao kaing daux hak tiex Meung Vax bawg in, ka si mhie: krax lai ling: ing tiang: mai paox khaix in nie nie , nhie: mhawm mai paox. Plak ngaix si ngaix an loe taix na ri:, cub fux cu six U Teng Saw an kix deeh ngawm cag bo:

ing khaing Meung Vax, tax kuad Ngaox, tax kuad Rang, tax kuad Kloi, tax Cao Kawx Ang, tax Sam Lu:, tax Li Cu Liiex an kix hu tawx daux pak cag bo, kix kawn lai rawg buan mai paox, lai si mhie: rien hoek rien hu ka paox khaix in si cheeng.▲

Jah: 2011.12.1 ngaix. ~ 2013.05.15 ngaix, mhai (33). Dee yuh lih - Cub caw yuh si tang Meung Vax.

sw, 2011_12_15 oef :~2013.05.15 oef :? rh m (33) wD ;xkuf ,tguf ,ykdefzmof , - pgif ;umefzh m,ykdefcmof , rld if :]o}?

Cao pu pliak lai ~ Sam Sang. Sang Kaw. zl ;ydef ,vd uf ;]o}~OmrfOmif :/ zl ;ydef ,wS rf ;_ayj.vd uf ;wh :sv;pmif ;cld if ; (Editor). Omif ,auj:? 佤译/三 木 桑 傣 译/尚. 果 http://www.wskeungwa.blog.com. http://you.video.sina.com.cn wasta tenewsagency

2

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zgif ;eef . rD :vgif ;ckd yf ;ej;wlof :wgef :rj:wif : erfbl ,? tefwk duf :sp.pmrf ;oh .sv; xlyf :vgif ; bm y f ,z k d wf ,a u j; wk d u f :r D :bl , / eif , pkd ofomef ;rld if : awvSuf ;vh m;bmif ,ql :OAef ;wmif : rmu f ;rD :ck d ef ;bf G ,sv;Oif ? eif ,pk d ofyef pj(yBwf .Oej,) qmof :cl d of :ef G :qk dif ;rl d if :plrf ;wkrf ayj:awuwf :bAefsv; rD :Okef ,vh ;Okef ,yAef ck def ;bfG ,rmuf ;rD : ul ;wD ;wD ;eef . vlifygifqk dif ; sv;ul ;qmof :cl d of :awvh ; plrf ,rk d of :uefaO cof ;yj:urf .xSrfcyf .ckd ifuG j,bof ./ eguf ;eef . tl :wAif :aOj,vmwf ;oj;J pof :vh ;xgrf ,idef :acj;wmif ,vmof ; bg ef :xk dif tgefplofrl d if :]o}cofsv; acj;bl dif :tmef : Umef ck d ef ;bf G ,rmuf ;rD :ef G :rl d if :] o}ql dof :eh . pmef . qf Gaq,emyf ,qgrf :aO pyf .cmrf ,yefpSif :bl , bof ./ tdifeldofpof :Ogifzh m, wluf :vlif :uefrj: vh mvh myguf ;eef . bkrf ,brf oj; awpAwf :vh ; azj;erf .aewlofrld of :ej; ojeh / cgwf ,bgwf ; ymifukrfuG j,/ Ogif ,zh m,Olif ,cgifzmuf ,yefuefaO plrf ;uefqefpmif ;yAefwD ;rh mwgif :/▲

uSrfplofyof; auj,rwD,ckdifygifvgif;irf:bAef qef.qkdif;rldif:plrf;wkrfrldif:rmef; tl:wAif:aqj,

rj:vAyf;pAef:ej;umef rldif:]o}?

Yuh cao kaing daux vawng krax gaik jhak ka kaux hak tix ku kaux. Son sang kieh cao kaing ku kaux brax kua mhawm kaux hak, kieh kix tawng diak kaux hak tix ku kaux , son bre tix riien si voe ngai, kieh kix koe rhawm sau riang: daux kaing: pa yuh ku plak. daux vawng: mhaing lum si tah Meung

Vax thung bung cao kaing daux vawng ku kaux yuh krax gaik jhak ka kaux hak tix, lai luah tix yuh daux khix phuan kao phuan ngaix hoek kao a liah ngaix, gawk ix gaik jhak ka pa khaw tix jhak ku plak . si ngaix jauh caw tix mawh caung kong pa, nong yiiex pu, ciien saux pu in kix loe cub pa jauh. krax gaik jhak ka kaux hak cao kaing bawg in, ka mawh lox pa hoik tat daux vawng: mai nyiiex lum si tah liien hawx, yuh krax gaik jhak ka cao

kaing greem vawng: ti num ti bawg. in ka mawh krax muih daux vawng: ka cao kaing daux hak tiex tic au son si mhie: kix mhawm kaux hak , nhie: yuh kaing: son kawn pui daux hak tiex.▲

Cao kaing daux vawng, yuh krax kaig jhak ka kaux hak tix ku kaux.

Lox coh caox pui ti blah an khan kix, paw priex rhawm ka. Son mawh krax mhawm son pui mawx ceu pui an, mawh pa ting grawng. Lox ah/ngai jhak pui ti blah an kix, ang khaw tix khi rhawm cam ngai ka. Krax hu ex in, son sang si toe tix hu an, mawh grawng ting. Ang caw krax shiao ang khaw mai rhawm, yuh krax lao pao lox, ang khaw tix koe. in kix, mawh dee taug mao moing: rhawm ka. Sang pon lheu khaing lheu, ang khaw baox nie deuh mawh grawng ting. Can ceu in kix, mawh ngie tawx krax saux rhawm moing ngai ka pui mawx pui an. rhawm ang si ngeh si ngem caw tix tum ka.

Hoek hu dee mawx ang ah, yuh kaing ceu mawx ceu an ang ah, pruh praih ngai paw kieh krax lud, paw kieh krax hu maix grai.

wjcm;vlawGe JY a0zef twif ;tzsif ; awGukd *&k rpkduf y geJ Y? r d rduk d,frd rd aumif ;z kdYu ta&;MuD ;w,f? wjcm;olawG&J . r sufvkH ;u tMunfhuk d *& kufp kd zdk Y rvkdbl ;? ukd,f .vr f ;ukd qufavQmufz kdYu ta&;MuD ;w,f? rvk dty fwJh rausey f wd ki fwef ;r IawG r&S doi fhbl ;? 'gawGu ukd,fp dwfukd yif yef ;apw,f / vk dwmxuf y kd jyD ; tav;teuf rxm;oifhbl ;? ' gawGukd ukd,f hukd emusifxdck dufapjyD ; p dwfraumif ; 0r f ;enf ;r Iukd c Hpm;&vdr fh r,f / b,fae&ma&mufa&muf bmyJvkyfvkyf uk d,f hukduk d,f r sufp dvnf vrf ;rr Sm;ape JY vrf ;yaysmufape JY /

Jah: 2011.12.1 ngaix. ~ 2013.05.15 ngaix, mhai (33). Dee yuh lih - Cub caw yuh si tang Meung Vax.

sw, 2011_12_15 oef :~2013.05.15 oef :? rh m (33) wD ;xkuf ,tguf ,ykdefzmof , - pgif ;umefzh m,ykdefcmof , rld if :]o}?

Cao pu pliak lai ~ Sam Sang. Sang Kaw. zl ;ydef ,vd uf ;]o}~OmrfOmif :/ zl ;ydef ,wS rf ;_ayj.vd uf ;wh :sv;pmif ;cld if ; (Editor). Omif ,auj:? 佤译/三 木 桑 傣 译/尚. 果 http://www.wskeungwa.blog.com. http://you.video.sina.com.cn wasta tenewsagency

3

P a viex buan son Meung Vax ing laik daux bang kum pa paoh Chang Yiien son phuk lai gum

lox vax. 2013 num khix 5 – 7 ngaix, pa giex krax gau sawn daux cub pa jhawp been Me-ung VAx rieb lox lai mhaing pa tawx meung hawx Chang Yiien, ah sang yuh

kix bang kum son lai vax pa yuh << lox vax kiex lox hawx >>(Wa to Chinese Dictionary) mai paox, daux k hix 5 – 10 ngaix hoek 11 ngaix bawg ra k a daux hak tiex Chang Yiien, si mhie: Meung Vax ploi pui tix hoek laik yam an, son sang kieh lox ah si dawng mai paox, mai lai gau sawn tau k hawm ra loe plak.

Khaix hoik rieb lai lox in, cao ka-ing daux cub pa jhawp been nhiiet tix hu ngaox lao mai cao kaing ting pa ot daux vawng:, cao kaing daux vawng: ka daing koe krax kaut sawn son, kaoh k haix sah sawn kix nawh tawm ploi pa mawh ce-ung kong pu fux pu cang, pa yuh chang woe ka daux caung siiex, fux cu reung daux ciao woe Nyi Caw mawh cao thung bung, pa yuh caung siiex fux cu six tax Cao Kao Fong, pa mawh fux cu cang, pa hawt hu mai koe chiao Woe fux cu reung Ai Ka, fux chux cang daux cub pa yuh krax ngaox lao Nyi Kap, Nyi Siang, pa ot daux yuh si tang Meung Vax pa ah lox vax Sam Sang:, sara lai vax Nyi Pleek, Ai Rong in kix khawm pa hawt hu mai koe (13) k aux.

Khix 5-9 ngaix, kix yaok tix lih khaing veng Pang Kham, plak bo kix hoek daux hak tiex Chang Yiien, hoik

pon krax rieb hoek toek bleeih ka pa yuh siien cang ka daux hak tiex Chang Yiien meung hawx Shiu Shiang Tong, pa ot daux raung ta pa yuh fux hiux cang son sawn lai vax Cheung Woe Tong, pa yuh fux cu six daux ceung siiex fux hiux cang son sawn lai vax Cheung Taux Ming, khawm pa si daing ka lai vax Wuang Yo Ming in kix, kix hoik lai ngaox lao tix k u plak son sang yuh tix lai tawng yung ka paox.

Ot yam sawm kix mai paox, siien cang daux hak tiex Chang Yiien Shiu Shiang Tong nap lox ah nin, gaux rhawm ka deei pex ku plak bawg yam hoek tix laik daux s awn hak tiex Chang Yiien lai lox si du s on << lai vax lai hawx >>, si mhie: kaoh khaix in si ngaix, kawn vax ku plak , ih rhawm rhi si mau paox lai hoek hu-gau sawn tix tau, sau riang: sawn lai cao tix, eein pa koe rhawm k a lai vax yaox krax laux.

Yam s awm kix hoik lai ghaok paox ka plai, lai yuh tix tawng yung ang pi ka paox, k haix sawm bo, Shiu Shiang Tong siien cang kawn gaik jhak klieh mai pa

(Hu si toe plah 4)

S i dauh krax pa tawx Meung Pawk gau son pai saux jhak ngia daux pang kham bawg

jauh. 2013 num khix phuan kao

dim ngaix, pa tawx veung Meung Pawk yuh krax gau sawn son pai saux jhak ngia bawg jauh, pon tix si dauh kaing si daing praok daux pang kham. plak ngawp si ngaix an, krax pluat kix krax phauk gau pa yuh nap tix nyiiex bang kum lum sitah Meung Vax cat loe. ot krax kok mhaing, fux cu six daux vawng: Meung Vax tax kuad Ngaox, fux

cong shu chi tax kuad Rang, pu cang daux ceung kong pu tax Yiien Seung Ping:, chux cang daux lum si tah Meung Vax tax Shiung Cheung Taux, fux shu chi daux veng Meung Pawk Cao Lao Cang, fux cu six daux cub caw bun dai Yiiex Tao, hiux cang daux pa priex riien son bun dai kawn iak yax Shiao Kaw feung in kix hoek laik yam mai tawx lox si diex. pa yuh krax gau sawn bawg in, mawh kaoh khaing Meung Pawk chi, Meung Phien, Ho Tao, Meung Ka koe kix si sip kaux.

Krax pluat kix pa gau mawh cu raung daux lum si tah Yiien Cia Huax cao bung.

Jauh tix mawh sara cao gau Yang Cing Kawx pa krai lao krax gau sawn kix daux glang in, krax gau sawn pa yuh kix jauh tix 2012 num khix kao ti nga ngaix, hoik koe liah khix bawg yam, ot daux gau kix nawh, kix hoik pon tix tawng ka grawng pa khaw pa pai saux jhak

ngia tix tawng ku plak, ka hoik cheu tix yuh ku plak daux yam gau. ot daux yuh kix krax gau sawn, hoik pon krax teem ka daux veung Me-ung Pawk, Nyiiex lum si tah Meung Vax in kix ku plak, ot krax sau riang: krax pa gau kix hoik pon tix si dauh kaing si daing praok in si ngaix.

Daux bawg yam an, tax Shi-ung Cheung Taux chiux cang ka viex buan son lum si tah Meung Vax nap lox ka kix, ah lox laoh lhie: ka pa tawx krax teem glang gau sawn kix tix, si mhie: kix pa gau bawg in ku kaux viex pa gau pa chix ing sau riang: daux nyiiex ma yaong ot daux kaing: pa yuh ku kaux son brax kua kawn pui.

Fux cu six tax kuad Ngaox, ka viex buan son daux vawng: Me-ung Vax, buan son tax kuad pang ah lox si diex nap yam ka kix, krai lao kix mhong tawng krax cut cha si tah si tim Meung Vax ka glang ka si voe ngai in. si mie: kix viex krax pa tawng grawng pa chix ing sau riang: gaw kawn pui pai saux jhak ngia daux nyiiex daux ma, viex rhawm rhi daux kaing: pa yuh tawx riang: rao son haok huan krax pai saux jhak ngia daux hak tiex Meung Vax, ka si mhie: cao kaing gawng ot tawx riang: rao ka kaing: yuh kix ku kaux ku plak, kieh kix koe rhawm daux kaing: pa yuh.

Khaix an, tax kuad Rang, tax Yiien Seung Ping:, tax Cao Lao Cang, Yiiex Tao, yiiex Shiao Kaw feung an kix ka baox thie: tix tawx lox si diex ka piang: kix khawm mu,

si mhie: kix ing sau riang: daux ka-ing: pa yuh ku plak, yuh tix mawh pa nap yam muih rhawm kawn pui daux kaing: yuh tix kaux. gau kawn pui lhak haing son krax pai saux jhak ngia, ang lai du si bawk chawk jhai an kix.

Pa viex buan son kix pa gau bawg in ka yung yi, kix sang ing sau riang: tix daux kaing: pa yuh, ang map nu nai krax si diex gau cao ka-ing cao kham ka piang kix, yuh krax si ngeh grawng mhawm son kawn pui.

Khaix hoik krax pa yuh kix, cao kaing ku kaux kawn naix thut riang: ang grai mai kix pa pluat krax phauk gau bawg in.▲

Bang pluat grawng gau si tah, pai saux Cub kaung Meung Pawk bawg (1)

PA VIEX SON MEUNG VAX ING LAIG BANG KUM PAOH CHANG YIEN SON YUH LAI GUM LOX VAX—HAWX.

Jah: 2011.12.1 ngaix. ~ 2013.05.15 ngaix, mhai (33). Dee yuh lih - Cub caw yuh si tang Meung Vax.

sw, 2011_12_15 oef :~2013.05.15 oef :? rh m (33) wD ;xkuf ,tguf ,ykdefzmof , - pgif ;umefzh m,ykdefcmof , rld if :]o}?

Cao pu pliak lai ~ Sam Sang. Sang Kaw. zl ;ydef ,vd uf ;]o}~OmrfOmif :/ zl ;ydef ,wS rf ;_ayj.vd uf ;wh :sv;pmif ;cld if ; (Editor). Omif ,auj:? 佤译/三 木 桑 傣 译/尚. 果 http://www.wskeungwa.blog.com. http://you.video.sina.com.cn wasta tenewsagency

4

viex buan son ku plak , khaix hoik klieh kix kawn yuh graoh mai paox.

Ot daux 2013 num khix 5 – 10 ngaix, krai si law son phuk lai g um lox vax kiex lai hawx yuh tix nyiiex bang kum daux caung siiex cat loe, pa kawn hoek laik daux bang kum bawg in koe pa yuh chiao so daux khiu ming son lai lox tax Wuang Cing Liux, fux chiao so siao Yi Feung, pa mawh pawx see pa ot beeix Cing Ai Lao, pa viex buan son sawn Si Mong, Mong Lien, Kaung Ma, Suan Ciang an kix ku plak koe pui (30) kaux haoh.

Plak ngawp mawh Cheung Woe Tong, Ai Lao, Wuang Cing Iiux in kix pa krai lao grawng phuk lai in, son kieh pui ku plak tawng yung, khaix hoik bang kum plak ngawp pa laik daux bang kum ku kaux kawn thut riang ang grai mai paox.

Khaix bang k um pa viex son Me-ung Vax k awn ing ngawm mai paox, si law lox ah si kah sang krai plak ngaix.

Ot daux bang kum pa yuh plak ngaix, pa viex buan son Meung Vax tax Nyi Caw, tax Cao Kao Fong, Ai Ka, Nyi Kap, Sam Sang in kix krai lao grawng lai vax pa shiao Meung Vax, ngaox lao

grawng ting kaut cao kaing Meung Vax ka piang:, kix ah nin ku kaux, daing gaux rhawm k a yaox tix laik daux bang kum bawg in, krax pa yuh hoik mawh pa ting son sang ang lai vax grai mai sang grum lox mai paox ku plak , ka mawh krax mhawm son sang tawng yung pui lai vax, sang nhiet pui tix sah s awn lai vax si voe ngai.

Pa viex buan son ku plak k a lai krai rhawm k aut ngai jhak tix, hoik tawx ri-ang: rao son sang yuh phuk lai in ting cau lih grawng, pa mawh cao yuh an kix ka ah lox ting buan son ka lox tawx pui ku plak.

Ka hoik bang kum, tax Nyi Caw mai tax Cao Kao Fong kawn tawx khawng phak pa viex ka pa num phuk lai in.

Ot yam sawm plak bo, cu six daux caung siiex Chang Yiien Li Fang Rong kawn hoek tix g haok plai mai pui hoek ku plak, ah lox laoh lhie: ka kix.

Khix 5-11 ngaix, ot krax thung bung Cheung Woe Tong, pa viex buan son ku plak, kawn hu jhak y aong pa raog prim rawm ten, mai riang koe ka rang daux hak tiex Chang Yiien, plak bo si ngaix an, kix tawm yaog tix deeh plak Meung Vax .▲

(Si toe khaing plah 3)

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eif ,pk d of vduf ;] o}aw pl rf ;wlof-uG mrf :plrf ;acj; qf G .wk dof :uG mrf :ef G :vduf : P;rl def uefuG j,ul ;wD ;wD ;eef . oef :xd(10.-11.5. 2013) qkrf :auj vduf ;vh m:oAif :cBmif :bSef ,qwf : ymif uk rf wg ef ;wj,uA yf :pgrf wg rfqk uG mrf :] o] y guf ;xl ef ;(2) wD :oAif :cB mif :bS ef ,? zd wf ; rguf ,pgif . zh m,zAif ;si;sv; qkrf :aujvduf ;vh m: rl d if :]o} rj:cof ;plrf ; vSuf ;vh m;yefwmif :pef xkdifqgrf :/ tdifel dof acj;zdwf ;rguf ,pgif . qkrf : aujvduf ;vh m: oAif :cBmif :bSef ,eef .aO tgefplof io f ;i k ef :r l d i f :] o}cof ? pef vD yef p S i f : sv; tkyf ,ukrfwldif ,ymif ,uefaObof . Olif ,uSrf zl ;ug ef :pgif ;umefvl if yh m:rl d if :sv; uSrf zl ; bd yf :ukrf :zh m,zAif ;si; qk rf :aujvd uf ;vh m: rl d if :]o} nD ,aqj,tgefplofefG :rl ,qkrf :? zl ;cof ; yj:ef G :qkrf :cof rD :- uSrfzl ;ugef : pgif ;umefvlif wD ;tkyf ,ukrfumefrl d if :-rl d if :]o} wIlif :(qof : auj,zl if :) ? uSrf ug ef :pg if ;umef qk rf :auj, vduf ;vh m:sv; zl ;qwf :umefef G :pl if :pA ef : Ogefvduf ;rmef ; TOj,th m;uj: ? zl ;ugef :qkrf : zAif ;si; nD ,uyf :vkef :? nD ,OSif :? zl ;wmif , vmwf ;-yg h ,OAif ]o} ef G :plif :yg h ,OAifcmof , rld if :]o} OmrfOmif :? arjOgefvduf ;]o}nD ,yvlduf :? th m;Ilif : sv; tduf ,zl ;rD :ykef ;zgef : qef .wf G ;cofurf ; zg if ; p l rf ;wmi f :r l wf :r D : (13)auj. u G j, cof ;plrf ;qgrf :/ oef :xd(9.5.2013) qkrf :cof tguf , iof ;ikef :ymif Omif :uG j,? wrf :crf ; pgwf ,zS of o A if :cB mif :bSef ,qk d if ;rl d if :sc,/ zl ;ug ef : aq,wgef ;cBmif :bSef , Olnf ,OSif :wlif :? zl ; wmi f wl of qmof :cl d of :sv;uS rfzl ;qwf :umef zh m,zSif ;si;? Vduf ;vh m:_ uG mrf : qmof :cl d of :] o} qk dif ;rld if :sc, cBd Kif ,olnf ,wlif :? uSrfzl ;ugef :pgif ; umef wD ;tk yf ,ukrf umefrl d if :sv;zh m,qkrf :auj

vduf ;vh m:]o} cBd Kif ,wfG .rdif , sv; zl ;vlif .vSef ; vduf ;_uG mrf :]o} omif ,blofrdif , cofqof ; pyf .wgef ; Okdyf ,rkdwf ,wlif .wuf .pkquf :uef/ bl ,wD ;ef G : ymif ,pyf .wg ef ;eef . zl ;ugef : aq,wgef ;cB mif :bSef , Olnf ,OSif : wlif : rg uf ,vmwf ;uG mrf :pyf .wgef ;J tefzl ; wmi f wlof pof :cof ul ;zh m,ul ;wmif : tof cmof : bmr f :rj:cof ;plrf , yef wmif :pef xk dif ef G : Ymifukrf wgef ;wj,clef .cG j.pj pAwf :yyf . uG mrf : wSwf ;] ]]o}}-sc,yguf ;eh .eh .? awrD :zgef : vD wgef ;wj,zAif ;si; vduf ;vh m:_uG mrf :vmwf ; qmof :cl d of :]o} pld of ;pl d if :rl d of :ej;/ pof :cj;vh ;rj: plyf :xlyf .pkquf :uefeh . plrfqlrf :qgrf : ayj:trf , Okwf :trf ,OAif ;bof ./ rkif ;rgif : bgef :xk dif Zl ;wmifwlofpof :cof ul ;zh m,zh m, plrf ,rk d of :pAwf : Omi f ;umef zAif ;si; vd uf ;vh m:_uG mrf :vmwf ; qmof :cl d of :]o}pof : ckdef ;bfG ,wlof :wgef :? zgrf .uef urf .xSrf yef pSif : vd uf ;vh m:_ uG mrf :] o} ck def ; Oif .ckdwf :umyf ;qgrf :yldef ;sv; P;cof ;tguf , vAyf ; pAef : OgeftofwD ;uef rld of :ej;/ oh m:aO tk yf ,uk rfuef wj,pl rf ,rk d of : pAwf :Omif ;umefrl d of :ej;bof .? wrf ;crf ; udef-cof ;plrf ,rl ,uef ? cmof :bmrf :vA of uef eef . zh m,zA if ;si;? uj;oS ef oAif :cB mif :bS ef ,cof pyf .wgef ;Ok dyf ,rlef ; wlef ;qf Gyef vgif ;uj; o S ef zA i f :si; p d wf ,xk if :qmo f :c l d of :] o} oAif :cBmif :bSef ,bof ./ oef :xd(10.5.2013)ygwf :ef G (8)rlif :? qwf :pA wf :ymif uk rfuef wD ;ef G :apjymif ukrf wD ;tkyf ,ukrfumefrl d if : oAif :cB mif :bA ef , qk dif ; r l d if :sc,/ ef G :ymifuk rf eef . ul ;rl ,qk rf :cof vSuf ;vh m; yefwmif :pefxk difawj,uef wgef ; wj,awpAwf :yyf .uG mrf :wSwf ; zh m,(]0}-sc,) eef ./ zl ;wmifwlof zh m,rld if :sc,cof ckdef ;pgwf , ef G :ymifukrfyguf ;eh . rD :-zl ;wmifwlofzh m,zAif ;si; vd u f ;vh m: qm o f :c l d of :] o} o A if :c l nf :r d if ; omi f ,qd if :vd ? wmif wlof zh m,zAif ;si;vd uf ; vh m:qmof :cl d of :]o} oA if :yl dnfqd if : th m;vof : ? wmif wlof oAif :OD :rkif ;? wmif wlof rl d if :vS rf : ? ul d if :rj:sv; wmifwlof OGefqSif :cof plrf ;wif : rlwf :rD :(30)auj. rj:cof ;plrf ;qgrf :/

y g wf :ef G eef . qk d if :ol nf ,wl if : ? th m;vof :? omif ,qdif :vdcof rguf ,vmwf ;uG mrf : Oyf :vS if :se vg if ;wmif : tefawpA wf : yyf .uG mrf :wSwf ;(]0}-sc,) (W a to-Chinese Dictionary) eef.uG j,? eif ,pk d ofzAif ;si;?vduf ;vh m:_uG mrf : qmof :cl d of :]o} awpl dof ;pld if : rld of : ej;eef . cofqof ;rguf ,vmwf ; bgef :wmif :pef xk d ifwD ;qmof :cl d of :] o}pof :cof ul ;wD ,ul ;wmif : cof ;yj:urf .xSrfyefpS if :-oj;eh ;/ oh m:ymifuk rf bof . ql dof :rj:cof ;plrf , ef G :ymifukrfwif :OAif ; tg efuef qef pmif ;uk d uf :uef yl d of ;yA ef wD ; rh mwgif :/ oh m:ymifukrfygwf :efGeef . ql dof :zl ;wif wlofrld if :]o}cof ck def :tkyf ,ukrfuef yld of ;wj,yef wmif :pefxk dif uAof ;vlnf ;vgif ;vduf ;vh m:_uG mrf :]o} rld of :ej;/ ef G :ymifukrf oh m:oef :eef . zl ;wmif wlofefG :rld if :]o} qkdif ;rld if :rmef ; rD :-uSrfzl ;ugef : pgif ;umefvlif yh m:rl d if : nD ,aqj,? uSrfzl ;ugef : pgif ;umefvlif wD ;tkyf ,ukrfumefrl d if :-rl d if :] o} wIlif :(qof :auj,zlif :)? uSrfzl ;ugef :pgif ;umefyh m: vduf ;vh m:sv; qwf :umefef G :plif :pAef : Ogef vduf ;rmef ; TOj,th m;uj:? nD ,uyf :vk ef :sv; Omrf Omif : cof ck def :tg efuef vmwf ;uG mrf : Oyf :vSif :se vgif ;vduf ;vh m:_uG mrf :] o} tef qf G .wk dof :ef G :rl d if :]o} qk dif ;rld if :rmef ;sv; acj; pef xk dif iof :ik ef :rl d if :]o} cof wj,Of G ,pSif : bkuf .Okifvduf ;vh m:_uG mrf :]o} ckdef ;Omif .ckdef ;Okif r l d if :ej;/ cof rg uf ,vmwf ;oj;J eif ,pk d of zAif ;si;? vduf ;vh m: _uG mrf :vmwf ; qmof :cl d of :]o} ayj:awqf G .wk dof : rl defuefuG j,ul ;wD ;wD ;eef . sv;Oif ? eif ,pk d ofzAif ;si;? vduf ;vh m:_ uG mrf :]o} awpl dof ;pld if :? szwl def :? qgwf ,xkdifefG :vluf ; (urf ,zj,)eef .sv;Oif ? rkif ;rgif : bg ef : Xk dif qmof :cl d of :]o}pof :cof ql dof :bl , eguf ;rld if :_ ef G :rl d if : ul ;wD ;wD ;? P;tg ef uef puf .pgrf yefpSif : umefql dof .cld of :? umefomef ;rl d if :? umef zAif ;si;?vduf ;vh m:_uG mrf :vmwf ; qof ;uof , ck def ; Omif .ck def ;Okif / cof ;yj:urf .xSrf yefwmif :

pefxk dif ? qgh ;xSrfwmif :pkarj wgef ;wj, zAif ; si;?vduf ;vh m:_ uG mrf :] o}awck def ;Omif . ck def ; Okifrld of :ej;wD ;zf GwD ;ref :-oj;eh / eguf ;eef . zl ;wmifwlof ul ;zh m,zh m, cof tgefuefrguf ,vmwf ;uG mrf : zl drf .xSrf yef wmif :pef xk dif eldofvgif ;pAwf :yyf .uG mrf :wSwf ; zh m,]o]-sc, eef .- eif ,pk d of ej;umefacj; bl dif :tmef : zh m,zAif ;si;? vduf ;vh m:_uG mrf :]o}ayj:awpAwf :vh ; azj;erf .azj;wl of rl d of : ej;eef . zl ;wmifwloful ;zh m,zh m,cof pefvD urf .xSrfyefpSif :qgrf :bof ./ eguf ;eef . qldof :TOj,arjOgef (Dr.) omif ,qdif :vd zl ;qwf :umef Zh m,zAif ;si;? vduf ;vh m:_uG mrf :]o} oAif :yl dnf ;qdif : sv; tduf , zl ;rD :qef . wmifwlofqmof :cl d of : qkdif ;rld if :sc, zl ;pA wf :umef zh m,zA if ;si;?vduf ;vh m:_ uG rf : ]o}? cof ck def :rg uf ,vmwf ;uG mrf : cg yf ,qf Gid ef : qlrf : eldofzl ;wmifwlof qmof :cld of :]o} ul ;zh m,zh m, ck d ef ;pgwf ,ef G :ymifuk rf yguf ;eh .eh .aO rg uf , vmwf ;uG mrf ; ? yef wmi f :pef xk d ifrj: ? urf . xSrfyefpSif : wgef ;wj, umefzAif ;si;?vduf ; vh m:_uG mrf :]o} awck def ;Omif . Cd kef ;Okif rl d of : ej;eef .? plrfql rf :qgrf : tofuk if ,tofrk ef ref :bof .-oj;eh / oh m:ymifukrfeef . nD ,aqj,? wIlif :(qof :auj,zlif :) wgef ;yefcg ifzmuf , wD ; qkrf :auj,rwD , pAwf :vduf ;vh m:_ uG mrf :]o} cof eef .bof ./ oef :xd(11.5.2013)cBmd if ,olnf ,wkif : tgef zl ;wmifwlof ul ;rl ,ul ;qkrf : uG j,vAyf ;pAef :(av.vj,)zAif ;si;pdwf ,xkif : uof ,su,qmof :cl d of : ]o}? wD ;omef ;Igrf ,wSef ,?(Yaong RawmTen). (efG :omef ;vkuf ,eh . vifpldef :rD : 100 yh m? wmif , qf G ;pAwf :yAef pldef :rkif :cj:? Oofrh .? OfG ,zjzmuf , rlwf :rlwf :? trf ,rD :pl def :rkif :vAuf :? OrD :oj:? p l d ef :wSuf ,tk wf , avj:aOvif ? )eh -zl ; tof cmof ,Oyf :vS if :seeif ,eh / awj,rj: qkrf :cofOk dyf ,uG j, wD ;oh . plef ;pmif ;? Clof :ekif ;? Ol dof ;zj,? ugif ;? uif ;? pguf ,?vmyf ;sv; clof :cgif qG f .wkdof :ul ;yld if tefyAef zAif ;si;? pdwf ,xkif : uof ,su,qmof :cl d of :] o} wD ;ef G :xrf ;rmuf ,pd ef oAif :cBmif :bSef ,eef .? qkrf :cofuG j, vAyf ;pAef : pkpef clof :uof ,su,]o} qf G .wk dof :ul ;yl d ifsv; qefpmif ;uk d uf :qgrf : yAefwD ; rh mwgif :/ ▲ cmof ,rD :eif ,eh /

zl;wmifwlofrldif:]o}uGj,cof;plrf;ymifukrf wj,pAwf:yyf.uGmrf:wSwf; zhm,]o}-sc, Wa-ChineseDictionary wD;oAif:cBmif:bSef qkdif;rldif:sc,?

Jah: 2011.12.1 ngaix. ~ 2013.05.15 ngaix, mhai (33). Dee yuh lih - Cub caw yuh si tang Meung Vax.

sw, 2011_12_15 oef :~2013.05.15 oef :? rh m (33) wD ;xkuf ,tguf ,ykdefzmof , - pgif ;umefzh m,ykdefcmof , rld if :]o}?

Cao pu pliak lai ~ Sam Sang. Sang Kaw. zl ;ydef ,vd uf ;]o}~OmrfOmif :/ zl ;ydef ,wS rf ;_ayj.vd uf ;wh :sv;pmif ;cld if ; (Editor). Omif ,auj:? 佤译/三 木 桑 傣 译/尚. 果 http://www.wskeungwa.blog.com. http://you.video.sina.com.cn wasta tenewsagency

5

P loi Meung Liem Meung Hai pui koe phi nya hoek gau grawng sum ma koi daux

siien Meung Pawk. 2013 num khix 5 – 16 ngaix hoek

17 naix, veng Meung Pawk yuh krax gau sawn kawn pui chi Meung Pawk son gau plak sum to ma to koi, Meung Liem, Meung Hai meung hawx ploi pui koe phi nya daux tix hoek tawx krax gau

sawn grawng sum ma koi. Grawng gau kix kawn pui daux chi

Meung Pawk bawg in, mawh grawng sum gaung, sum si vawng si vaih an khan kix khawm mu, mai grawng viex cag yuh k aing daux hak tiex vieh va.

Pu cang daux pa sawn plak sum ma koi rawm nhiem tax kuad Kat, siien cang daux veung Meung Pawk Li Ai Sang, pang kong seex fux cu reung daux

cub pa sawn son sum ma koi rawm nhiem: Li Ai Pheung an kix hoek yam ka gau mai kawn pui.

Hak tiex Meung Pawk mawh dee mhawm rawm si tom hak tiex, krax ot kaing: yuh ku plak hoik hu si voe son hak tiex Meung Vax ku dauh , kawn pui hoik yaox krax si ngeh si ngiiem nyawm ot, nyiex ma hoik mhawm ku plak, khee kawn vieh va hak tiex, cub pa sah sawn son plak sum ma koi rawm nhiem tawm baox viex kix sau riang: gau grawng sum to ma to k oi ku plak.

Plak ngawb (16) ngaix, pa hoek gau pa k aoh khaing meung hawx an kix hoik cao: hoek daux ma si voe pui, tax k uad Kat, Li Ai Sang an kix ka mawh nan, pa hoek laik daux krax gau kix son sum ma koi bawg in, mawh kawn pui hak tiex Meung Pawk khawm uik, koe pui 50 kaux haoh, kix ka hoik mawh pui laoh pui riien daux hak tiex kix, ot yam gau pui ku k aux hoik daing sau riang: tix, tax kuad Kat, Li Ai Sang an kix ka phuat nang cao klax tix laik g au sum k aung mai kawn pui pa hoek gau yam an.

Plak ngaix, hax koek piet, pa kaoh khaing meung hawx pa hoek tawx krax

gau sawn an kiex, hoik phuat caong khlax caong si bex tix paok tiex gau kawn pui y uh rhoi sau si mhie: an kix, tax k uad kat Li Ai Sang an kix k a baox gau mai kix k hawm mu.

Luan khaing an kawn gau kix son riien kawng kie: ka to ma to koi si ngai, mai krax sang shiao phon si tah an kix ku plak. si mhie pa gau kix sum bawg in hoik si daing nhie:, mawh sang ruah kix si mhie: pa mhawm, pa lhaong pon pa khaw mai hak tiex Meung Pawk si voe ngai.

Daux 17 ngaix , kix tawm viex cao kaing an kix hu gaik jhak k a viex cag ting hu yuh k aing: dee vieh dee va, pa sawn son plak sum ma koi rawm nhiem: teei cag thai ma, toi ma, ru rhie: tiex si tawm an kix meung hawx hoek tix cheu kawn pui yaox . in kix mawh son dieh krax kha ka kaing: son kawn pui daux hak tiex meung vax , thung daih k awn pui tawng yung krax shiao cag ting yuh kaing ku plak . daux bawg yam an , pa y uh chi cang daux Meung Pawk ai sing , pa yuh nong yiiex chiux chiux cang ma lao sux an kix ka hoek jhak yam.▲

KAUNG MEUNG PAWX KOK MHAING PUI KOE PING YA PLAK MEUNG HAW, HOEK GAU SAWN

GRAWNG SUM TO MA TO KOI.

Jah: 2011.12.1 ngaix. ~ 2013.05.15 ngaix, mhai (33). Dee yuh lih - Cub caw yuh si tang Meung Vax.

sw, 2011_12_15 oef :~2013.05.15 oef :? rh m (33) wD ;xkuf ,tguf ,ykdefzmof , - pgif ;umefzh m,ykdefcmof , rld if :]o}?

Cao pu pliak lai ~ Sam Sang. Sang Kaw. zl ;ydef ,vd uf ;]o}~OmrfOmif :/ zl ;ydef ,wS rf ;_ayj.vd uf ;wh :sv;pmif ;cld if ; (Editor). Omif ,auj:? 佤译/三 木 桑 傣 译/尚. 果 http://www.wskeungwa.blog.com. http://you.video.sina.com.cn wasta tenewsagency

6

本 刊永定讯（图/文 新闻局

记者 陈群）：2013年5月24日清晨，永定军校彩旗

招展，一派喜气。在这里，佤邦联合

军418旅将举行第二期官兵集训结业

庆典。

上午缅时8点，佤邦联合军418旅第

二期官兵集训结业典礼在礼炮声和嘹

亮的《我爱佤邦》歌声中举行。

佤邦政府副主席肖明亮、佤邦联合

党副总书记鲍有宇、佤邦联合军副总

司令赵忠丹、财政部部长鲍有良、对

外关系部部长赵国安、中央办公厅主

任兼新闻局局长李祖烈等中央领导在

主席台前排就座。

佤邦联合军副总参谋长陈岩龙、

418旅旅长鲍军锋、政委李再依、某

旅旅长鲍岩荣、某旅旅长鲍三木惹、

某旅旅长鲍岩板，某团团长李岩惹、

171军区代表张华等部队领导；

佤邦司法委常务副书记李志超、建

设部副部长鲍岩嘎、政工部副部长尼

觉、李小员、财政部副部长鲍岩果、

谢国卿、邦康特区书记毕地等部门领

导和地方领导也在主席台就座。

庆典活动还邀请了部分兄弟组织代

表参加。

佤邦政府副主席肖明亮、佤邦联合

党副总书记鲍有宇、佤邦联合军副总

司令赵忠丹等党、政、军领导检阅了

部队，向全体官兵致以亲切问候；全

体官兵怀着满腔热情与冲天豪情接受

党政军领导的检阅。

庆典活动举行了迎军旗和送军旗仪

式，并进行了精彩的拳术表演，展示

了佤邦联合军的飒爽英姿和昂扬的斗

志。

鲍军锋旅长给中央首长汇报了6个

月来的集训总结。他说：“在总部、

总参、各级领导的大力支持下，在全

体教员共同努力下，全旅官兵紧密配

合下，经过6个月的磨练，基本完成

了预设的课目，今天圆满结业了”。

（原声）

418旅6个月的冬春集训是党中央和

联合军总部为了提升部队素质与提高

部队战斗力作出的决定。418旅不折

不扣地完成了上级交给的任务，给党

中央交上了一份圆满的答卷。

418旅集训期间，鲍有祥总书记、

肖明亮副主席、鲍有宇副总书记、政

工部闫生炳部长等中央首长前去看

望，并给全体官兵进行政治教育活

动，提高了部队政治思想觉悟，使我

们的部队加深了解佤邦的历史进程，

更加明确了为谁扛枪、为谁站岗、为

谁打仗的思想。

赵忠丹副总司令充分肯定了418旅

此次集训取得的成果，肯定了旅党委

强有力的领导和扎实的工作作风。对

全体官兵经过刻苦训练，完成全部预

设课目，今天圆满结束，代表佤邦联

合军总部和总参谋部表示热烈的祝贺

和诚挚的问候。

赵副总司令说：“通过这次训练，

部队的管理逐步走向正轨，整体综合

战斗力得到了全面的提升，为下步的

训练奠定了坚实的基础。”

同时，赵副总司令根据当前的形势

和部队的任务，对部队提出了几点希

望与要求。

典礼结束之后，肖明亮副主席和鲍

有宇副总书记等党、政、军领导在部

队将领的陪同下视察了军校营房，与

集训部队合影，并观看了部队部分武

器装备，听取鲍军锋旅长的武器装备

介绍。

下午，为了庆祝集训圆满结束，该

旅在永定军校举行篮球和足球友谊

赛。▲

4 1 8 旅 冬 季 集 训 结 束，

在 永 定 军 校举 行 结业 典 礼

根 据佤邦联合军总部、总参谋部精兵简政

的精神，某旅组织全旅干战在永定军校

进行整顿学习训练。在他们学习训练即

将结束时，2013年5月22日晚7点，政工部文工团在

团长肖尼嘎、副团长依布拉的带领下，到永定军校

为该旅全体官兵举行慰问演出。

该旅政委李再依，旅长鲍军锋，副政委赵三

水，副旅长西仁等旅党委领导陪同全体官兵观看演

出。

在慰问演出前，该旅政委李再依代表全旅官兵

向政工部文工团的到来表示热烈的欢迎和衷心的感

谢！希望他们今后多到各部队进行慰问演出，给部

队带来欢乐。

政工部文工团团长肖尼嘎感谢该旅官兵为佤邦

的安宁发展、坚守前沿所付出的努力，希望通过这

次集训学习，更加努力工作，认真按照联合军总

部、总参谋部的指示精神，今后为佤邦各民族的安

宁与发展，为佤邦领土不受侵犯作出新的、更大的

贡献！

慰问演出中，政工部文工团的演员们给该旅官

兵献上了16个精彩的文艺节目。该旅音乐爱好者也

登台献艺，为整台晚会增添气氛。

演员们歌颂佤邦各族人民、部队群众，在联合

党的领导下，热爱和平，亲如一家，用勤劳的双手

共建美好家园。……（可用实况选好节目）

演出结束时，该旅领导与全体演员一一握手并

合影留念▲

政工部文工团在永定军校为学习军训的某旅官兵慰问演出

Jah: 2011.12.1 ngaix. ~ 2013.05.15 ngaix, mhai (33). Dee yuh lih - Cub caw yuh si tang Meung Vax.

sw, 2011_12_15 oef :~2013.05.15 oef :? rh m (33) wD ;xkuf ,tguf ,ykdefzmof , - pgif ;umefzh m,ykdefcmof , rld if :]o}?

Cao pu pliak lai ~ Sam Sang. Sang Kaw. zl ;ydef ,vd uf ;]o}~OmrfOmif :/ zl ;ydef ,wS rf ;_ayj.vd uf ;wh :sv;pmif ;cld if ; (Editor). Omif ,auj:? 佤译/三 木 桑 傣 译/尚. 果 http://www.wskeungwa.blog.com. http://you.video.sina.com.cn wasta tenewsagency

7

ျမနမာသမၼတ ဥးသနးစန န႔ အေမရကန သမၼတ အဘားမားတ႔ အမျဖေတာမာ ေတြ႔ဆစဥ (၂၀ ေမ ၂၀၁၃) အေမရကန ျပညေထာငစက ႏစေပါငး ၅၀ နးပါးအတြငး ပထမဆး တရား၀ငခရးစဥအျဖစ စေနေန႔က ေရာကလာခတ ျမနမာသမၼတ ဥးသနးစန ဟာ မေန႔က တနလၤာေန႔မာေတာ အေမရကနသမၼတ အဘားမားန႔ သမၼတအမျဖေတာမာ ေတြ႔ဆခၾက ပါတယ။ ဒလ ေတြ႔ဆခနမာ ျမနမာႏငငရ႕ ႏငငေရး၊ စးပြားေရးဆငရာျပျပငေျပာငးလမႈ၊ လ႔အခြငအေရး အျပင တငးရငးသား ပဋပကၡန႔ ဘာသာေရး တငးမာ မႈ ျပနာေတြက ေျဖရငးဖ႔အေရးႀကးတအေၾကာငး ေဆြးေႏြးခၾကတယလ႔ သရပါတယ။ေဆြးေႏြးပြအၿပး သမၼတ အမျဖေတာမာ သမၼတႏစဥးတ႔ ပးတြ သတငးစာ ရငးလငးပြကလညး ကငးပခပါတယ။ အျပညအစကေတာ အခပ နားဆငၾကညၾကရေအာင ပါ။ သမၼတအဘားမာ “ကေနာအေနန႔သမၼတႀကး ဥးသနးစနက အေမရကန ျပညေထာငစကေရာ၊ အမျဖေတာက ေရာ ႀကဆပါတယ။ မႏစကဆလ႔ရရင အေမရကန သမၼတတစဥးအေနန႔ပထမဆးျမနမာႏငငက ေရာက ခတအတြကေၾကာင ကေနာ ဂဏယပါတယ။ အ ေတာ သမၼတႀကးအေနန႔လညး ဒကလာႏငတ အတြကေၾကာင ဒါဟာလညး ႏစေပါငး ၅၀ အတြငး မာ ပထမဥးဆး လာေရာကတ အတြကေၾကာင ေကာငးပါတယ။ အေတာ ဒ ႏစေပါငး ၅၀ ၾကားထ မာေတာ ကေနာတ႔မာ ႏစဘက တငးမာမႈေလးေတြ ရခပါတယ။ အခ ဒလ ေျပာငးလသြားရတကစၥက သမၼတ ဥးသနးစနရ႕ ေခါငးေဆာငမႈန႔ ဒမကေရစ လမးေၾကာငးေပၚက စးပြားေရးအရေရာ၊ ႏငငေရးအ ရေရာ ျပျပငေျပာငးလမႈလပတအတြက ျဖစပါတယ။” “လြနခတ ၂ ႏစအတြငးမာ ေဒၚေအာငဆနးစၾကည အပါအ၀င ႏငငေရး အကဥးသားေတြလညး လြတလာၿပးေတာ ေဒၚေအာငဆနးစၾကည ကယတင ကလညး အခဆလ႔ရရင ႏငငေရးလပေနပါၿပ။ အေတာ အခဆလ႔ရရင ႏငငေရးအရ လႊတေတာ ကလညးပ အားလး ပါ၀ငႏငေအာင ပါ၀ငေဆာငရြက ႏငေအာင လပေနပါၿပ။ ျမနမာႏငငအကးအတြက ေနာက အငမတနမ ယၾကညေလာကတ ေရြး ေကာကပြလညး ကငးပၿပးခပါၿပ။ အေတာ သမၼတ ႀကး ဥးသနးစန အေနန႔ကလညးပ အငမတနမ ရညၾကာလတ လမးစျပနာေတြ၊ ပဋပကၡေတြ က ေျဖရငးဖ႔အတြကလပေနပါတယ။ ေနာကၿပးေတာလညးပ ျမနမာျပညသလထေတြအားလး ေလးစားရ

မယ ဥပေဒေတြလညးပ ေဖာေဆာငဖ႔ လပေနပါၿပ။ ဒလ ျပျပငေျပာငးလမႈေတြ အမားႀကး လပခတ အတြကေၾကာင အေမရကနျပညေထာငစကလညးပ ခမတခတ ျပစဒဏေပးမႈေတြ ဘာေတြ အားလး ေပါေလ ကနသြယေရး ပတဆ႔မႈေတြက ကေနာတ႔ ေလာလကပါၿပ။ ေနာကၿပးေတာတျခားႏငငေတြက လညး အလားတ ေလာလကပါၿပ။” “အဒလ လပကငေဆာငရြကမႈေတြေၾကာင ဒါဟာ ဘာက ျပသလဆရငႏငငတကာကေနၿပးေတာ ျမနမာႏငငရ႕ စးပြားေရး ဖြ႔ၿဖးတးတကမႈအတြက ဘယလ ကယကယျပန႔ျပန႔ လပႏငတယဆတ သေဘာက ျပပါတယ။ ျမနမာႏငငမာ ကနသြယေရး ေရာ၊ ရငးႏးျမႇပႏမႈေရာ လပလကတအခါကလ႔ရရင ေတာ အလပအကငေတြလညး ေပါမားလာၿပးေတာ အကနလးက အဆငေျပသြားဖ႔ ရပါတယ။ အေတာ သမၼတႀကး ဥးသနးစန ေျပာသလပါပ ဒါက အငမတနမ ရညလားတ ခရး ျဖစပါတယ။ အေတာ ေတာေတာေလးေတာ လပယရပါလမမယ။” “သမၼတႀကး ဥးသနးစနကေတာ ေနာငက ဆကၿပးေတာ ႏငငေရး အကဥးသားေတြကလညး လႊတေပးမယ။ ေနာကၿပးေတာလမးစ ျပနာေတြ ျဖစေနတ ကစၥေတြမာလညးပ အပစအခတ ရပစယတငမဟတဘန႔ သတ႔လညး ႏငငေရးမာ ပါ၀ငပးေပါငးႏငေအာင၊ ေဆာငရြကႏငေအာင လပမယလ႔ ေျပာသြားပါတယ။ ျမနမာႏငငထမာရတ မဆလငေတြအေပၚမာအၾကမးဖကမႈေတြ ျဖစတကစၥန႔ပတသကလ႔လညး ကေနာ သမၼတႀကးန႔ ေဆြးေႏြး ခပါတယ။ အေတာ ဒဟာန႔ပတသကၿပးေတာ သတ႔ အးမအမမ ျဖစသြားတ ပဂၢလေတြ၊ ေနာကၿပးေတာ ဒကၡေရာကေနတ ပဂၢလေတြန႔ပတသကၿပးေတာ ဆကလကၿပးေတာ အကအည ေပးဖ႔အတြက ကေနာတ႔ သေဘာတၾကပါတယ။ ႏငငတကာ ကလညးကညေပးေနတာ ျဖစပါတယ။ ေနာကတစခကေတာ သတ႔က ေလးေလးစားစားန႔ သတ႔က ဆကဆဖ႔ကစၥေတြလညး ပါပါတယခငဗ။” “သမၼတႀကး ဥးသနးစနက ကေနာေဆြးေႏြးတ အခါမာ ေျပာတာကေတာတျခားႏငငေတြမာ ျဖစသလပေပါ ဒါက အားလး ေလးေလးစားစားန႔ လပမယ ကငမယဆလ႔ရရင စးပြားေရးအရေရာ၊ ႏငငေရး အရာေရာ အားလး အဆငေျပေျပန႔ တခါတညး ျပျပငေျပာငးလမႈေတြလပလ႔ရရင ေအာငျမငမာပါ။ ေနာကၿပးေတာ ကေနာတ႔ဆက U S A I D ကေန ၿပးေတာ အကအညေပး ေဆာငရြကေနတ ကစၥန႔ ပတသကၿပး ဒါကေတာလယယာစကပးေရးက႑ မာ အဒါေတြ တးတကေအာင လပႏငဖ႔အတြက ကေနာတ႔ လပေနပါတယ။ ဒါအျပင ရနကန-

မႏေလး လမးမႀကး ျပျပငဖ႔ကစၥလညး ကေနာတ႔ လပကငေဆာငရြကေနပါတယ။ သမၼတႀကး ဥးသနးစနတ႔အေနန႔လညး အာဆယန႔ေရာ၊ အေရ႕ အာရပစဖတႏငငေတြန႔ပါ ေဆာငရြကေနတာက လညး ကေနာတ႔ အားေပးပါတယ။ ကေနာတ႔ အေနန႔ကလညး အဒါမးေတြက ဆကၿပးေတာ လပၿပးေတာတးတကေအာင ေဆာငရြကေပးခငပါတယ။ အေတာ သမၼတႀကးက ႀကဆပါတယ။ သမၼတႀကးရ႕ ဥးေဆာငမႈန႔ ဒ လမးေၾကာငးသစက သြားေနတကစၥမာ ေအာငေအာငျမငျမငျဖစေအာင လညး ကေနာတ႔က အားေပးပါမယ။ တခနတညး မာပ ဒါကလညး အငမတနမ ရညလားတခရး ျဖစတအတြကေၾကာငဒလပရပါလမမယ။” သမၼတဥးသနးစန “သမၼတႀကး မစၥတာ အဘားမားက ကေနာအေနန႔ ေကးဇးတငပါတယ။ ကေနာ ဒ ၀ါရငတနဒစက ပထမဆးအႀကမ ေရာကဖးတာျဖစ သလ၊ ဒ W h i t e H o us e ကလညး ပထမဆး အႀကမ ေရာကဖးတာျဖစပါတယ။ အခလ ကေနာ တ႔ႏစေယာက ရငးႏးပြငလငးစြာန႔ တငပငေဆြးေႏြး ခြငရတအတြကေၾကာင ကေနာအေနန႔ မားစြာ ၀မး ေျမာကဂဏယမပါတယ။ အေတာ ကေနာတ႔ ျမနမာ ႏငငန႔ အေမရကန ျပညေထာငစဟာ ၁၉၄၇ ခ လြတလပေရး မရခငကတညးက သတမန ဆက သြယမႈရခတ ႏငငေတြျဖစပါတယ။ ဟတနးကလညး ႏငငအႀကးအကေတြ လာေရာကလညပတမႈေတြ ရခပါတယ။ အမနေတာ သမငးေၾကာငးအရ ကေနာတ႔ ရငးႏးၿပးသား ႏငငေတြျဖစပါတယ။ သ႔ေသာလညးပ ကေနာတ႔ အေၾကာငးေၾကာငး ေတြေၾကာင ကေနာတ႔ ႏစႏငင ဆကဆေရးဟာ ခနကလ အခကအခေတြ ဒါေတြန႔ ကေနာတ႔ ႀကေတြ႔ရတာေတြ ရပါတယ။ ကေနာတ႔ဆလ႔ရရင ႏစေပါငး ၅၀ အတြငးမာ ျမနမာႏငငရ႕ အႀကးအက တစေယာကအေနန႔ အခလ ကေနာတ႔ အေမရကန က လာခြင ကေနာတ႔ ရတာျဖစပါတယ။ သမၼတႀကး ဖတၾကားေပးတအတြကေၾကာင အခလ လာေရာက ႏငျခငးလညး ျဖစပါတယ။ အေတာ ျမနမာႏငငမာ ဒကေန႔ ဒမကေရစ စနစကလညး ေျပာငးလၿပးေတာ ကေနာတ႔ ကငသးေနၿပျဖစတအတြကေၾကာင အေမရကန ျပညေထာငစန႔လညး ႏငငေရးစနစျခငး တညမႈ ကေနာတ႔ ဒါ ရေနၿပလ႔ ေျပာလ႔ရပါတယ။” “အေတာ ႏစႏစတာကာလအတြငးမာ

ကေနာတ႔ရ႕ အစးရသကတမးဟာ ႏစႏစ ကေနာတ႔ ရသြားပါၿပ။ ႏစႏစတာကာလအတြငးမာ ႏငငေရး ေျပာငးလမႈေတြ၊ စးပြားေရး ေျပာငးလမႈေတြ၊ ဒါေတြ က ကေနာတ႔ႀကးပမးၿပးေတာ ေဆာငရြကခပါတယ။ ကေနာတ႔မာ ဒမကေရစန႔ပတသကၿပးေတာ အေတြ႔ အႀကေတြ အေလအကငေတြ ကေနာတ႔ ဒါ နညး ပါေသးတယ။ ေအာငျမငမႈေတြ ရခသလ အခက အခေတြ၊ စနေခၚမႈေတြ ဒါေတြလညး ကေနာတ႔ ႀကေတြ႔ေနရပါတယ။ ကေနာတ႔မာ ရပါတယ။ ကေနာတ႔ရ႕ ႀကးပမးေဆာငရြကမႈေတြက ကေနာတ႔ အသအမတျပတအေနန႔ အေမရကနႏငငန႔ ဆကဆ ေရး အခလ ျပနလညၿပးေတာ ေကာငးမြနဖ႔အတြက သမၼတႀကးရ႕ မ၀ါေျပာငးလ သတမတေပးမႈအေပၚမာ မတညပါတယ။ ဒါေၾကာင သမၼတႀကးကလညး ကေနာတ႔ ႏစႏငငရ႕ ဆကဆေရးက စတငၿပးေတာ ကေနာတ႔ ေဖာေဆာငေပးတပဂၢလတစေယာက အ ေနန႔ အငမတနမ ေကးဇးတငပါတယ။ ကေနာတ႔လ ဖြ႔ၿဖးစ ဖြ႔ၿဖးဆႏငင တစႏငငအေနန႔ အခလ ကေနာတ႔ စနစက ေျပာငးလတအခါမာ အခက အခေတြ မးစ ကေနာတ႔ ရပါတယ။ ဒအထမာ ကေနာတ႔ ခနကဆငးရႏြမးပါးမႈႏႈနးေတြ ျမငမားေန တာေတြ၊ ေနာကတခါ အလပအကင အခြငအလမး ေတြ နညးပါးေနတာ ေနာကတခါ လေတြရ႕ ဒမကေရစ အေတြ႔အႀက ဒမကေရစ အေလအကင ေတြ ကေနာတ႔ နညးပါးေနတာေတြ၊ ေနာကတခါ ကေနာတ႔မာ အလယအလတတနးစားေတြ၊ အရည အခငးရတ အလယအလတတနးစားေတြ ဒါေတြ ကေနာတ႔ နညးပါးေနတအတြကေၾကာငမ႔ ႏငင ေတာက ေျပာငးလထေထာငတအခါမာ ခနကလ ကေနာတ႔ အခကအခ မးစေတြ ေကာျဖတၿပးေတာ ကေနာတ႔ ေဆာငရြကေနရပါတယ။ သ႔ေသာလညးပ တခ႕ အခကအခေတြက ကေနာတ႔ စာနာေထာက ထားၿပးေတာ အေမရကန သမၼတႀကးအေနန႔ တခ႕ ဟာေတြက ကညေဆာငရြကေပးေနတ အတြက ေၾကာင ကေနာတ႔ ဒါအခကအခေတြက ေကာလႊား ႏငတ အေျခအေနေတြလညး ကေနာတ႔ ရလာ ၿပျဖစပါတယ။” “အေတာ သမၼတႀကးန႔ ကေနာတ႔ အခ ေဆြးေႏြးၾကတာက ေစာေစာက သမၼတႀကး ေျပာသြားသလပါပ ဥပေဒေရးရာကစၥေတြ ဒါေတြ ကေနာတ႔ ပါ၀ငပါတယ။ ေနာကတခါ ကေနာတ႔ တရားဥပေဒစးမးေရး အပငးေတြ၊ ေနာက ရတ႔ တပတ႔ အရညအေသြးေတြ ကေနာတ႔ ျမငမားေရး ကစၥေတြ၊ ေနာကတခါဆငးရႏြမးပါးတ ေတာငသ လယသမားေတြရ႕ ဘ၀က ျမႇငတငေပးမယကစၥေတြ၊ ေနာကတခါ ပညာေရး၊ ကနးမာေရး ဒကစၥေတြ ကေနာတ႔ က႑စ ေဆြးေႏြး ကေနာတ႔ အျမငခငး ဖလယႏငခပါတယ။ သမၼတႀကးဆကေနလညး ခနလ ျမနမာႏငငအေပၚမာ သေဘာထားေတြ၊ အျမင ေတြ၊ သရရတအတြကေၾကာင ကေနာတ႔ေတြ မားစြာ ဒေဆြးေႏြးပြကေတာ အကးရတ ပြျဖစ ပါတယ။ ကေနာတ႔ရ႕ ခရးစဥကလညး အငမတနမ အကးရတခရးစဥတစခ ျဖစတယလ႔ ေျပာခင ပါတယ။ ကေနာတ႔ ဒမကေရစေရ႕က ဆကလကၿပး ေတာ ရငသနဖြ႔ၿဖးဖ႔အတြက ကေနာတ႔ ဒ ႏငငေရး ျပျပငေျပာငးလမႈေတြ၊ စးပြားေရး ျပျပငေျပာငးလမႈ ေတြ၊ ဒါေတြက ကေနာတ႔ လပေနပါတယ။ ႏငငေရးန႔ စးပြားေရးဆတာ တစခန႔တစခ ကေနာတ႔ ခြျခားလ႔ မရပါဘး။ ကေနာတ႔ ခြနအားန႔ ကေနာတ႔ႏငငအတြက လပေနသလ တဘကက လညး ကေနာတ႔က ေထာကခအားေပးတ ျပညပရ႕ ခြနအားေတြကပါ ကေနာတ႔ ရယၿပးေတာမ ႀကးပမးေဆာငရြကေနပါတယ။ ေျပာခငတာကေတာ ဒမကေရစစနစ ေရ႕က ဆကလကၿပးေတာ ရငသန ဖြ႔ၿဖးဖ႔အတြက သမၼတႀကး မၾကာခဏ ေျပာဖးသလ ပါပ Forward ဆတအတငးပ ကေနာတ႔ရ႕ ဒါ Move Forward ဆၿပး ဆကၿပးေတာ သြားမာျဖစပါတယ။ အားလးကေကးဇးတငပါတယခငဗ။”▲ AD Gtkdat owif;?

or®w tkdbm;rm;eJY or®wOD;odef;pdef tdrfjzLawmfyl;wGJ owif;pm&Sif;vif;yJG

Jah: 2011.12.1 ngaix. ~ 2013.05.15 ngaix, mhai (33). Dee yuh lih - Cub caw yuh si tang Meung Vax.

sw, 2011_12_15 oef :~2013.05.15 oef :? rh m (33) wD ;xkuf ,tguf ,ykdefzmof , - pgif ;umefzh m,ykdefcmof , rld if :]o}?

Cao pu pliak lai ~ Sam Sang. Sang Kaw. zl ;ydef ,vd uf ;]o}~OmrfOmif :/ zl ;ydef ,wS rf ;_ayj.vd uf ;wh :sv;pmif ;cld if ; (Editor). Omif ,auj:? 佤译/三 木 桑 傣 译/尚. 果 http://www.wskeungwa.blog.com. http://you.video.sina.com.cn wasta tenewsagency

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pgi f;umefzhm,yj,r h.xldef ,c ldeff :sv;ukef,zh mph ;_ ej: rldif :]o} sv;cgrf,yeD , OSefxlof: tef yof;ckwf :cG mif(wwf .wk) efG :wlif ;ej: omef ; ej:r gef:eef. tmyf ,yefej: wD ;qof ;omef ; ej:rgef:cofckdef:/ tdifeldof vgif ;cyf .ck d if pgif ;umef ukef ,zh mph ;_ej:rl d if :]o}cof cwf :qf GpAwf :qgrf : ej;umef acj;bl d if :tmef :rl d if :] o}(7)y D < wif :ej;eef .aObof .? wlof :cG muf ; umefxkuf , tguf ,rmuf ;cof ;wof ;erf .ef G :ulef :rld if : ckdef ;Omif . wl of :wg ef :vl dofuof ,rj:/ eif ,pk d of vg uf : vh m:umefxkuf ,tguf ,cof ; ayj:awck def ;bfG ,zfG :Zh m ef G :rld if :]o}eef . zl ;ugef : pgif ;umefvlif zh m, zkuf ,Ogrf ;rld if :]o} yof :pg j,cB mif , tgefplofqdOif , zh m,zkuf ,Ogrf ; qgrf :aq,wgef ;? aq,oAif :ul ;wD ; cwf :qf GOfG ,pSif : wlof :cG muf ;umefzkuf ,Ogrf ; ph ;_ ej: wD ;zf GwD ;ref :/ yof :pg j,cBmif , vlif :vAyf ; pAef :av.vj, wd luf ,ph ;_vguf :ej: qgrf :aq, wgef ;? aq,oAif : ul ;wD ;wD ;? yl d of ;wj,vAyf ;pAef : wl duf ;vdefph ;_ej: ygwf :wgef ;vf G xkuf ,rSef ; qgrf :qldof .zef :rA Bof :vfG ? zdwf ;rguf ,pgif . TOj,zh m, zkuf ,Ogrf ;rj: Ogefseyefulef :rld if :cof ? Okdof . ql dof .cof ; xkuf ,yefulef :rld if :? tgefulef :rld if :cof qf G .vguf :vh m:ydif ,nj, ef G :umefzkuf ,Ogrf ;rj:/ wk duf :Olef :yefulef :rld if :cof vSuf ;vh m;qf G .wk dof : ydif ,nj, ef G :umefzkuf ,Og rf ; tefcd kwf :umyf ; ymefbmrf :vAof /

ef G :wl i f ;e j : o mef ;e j: r g ef : tl dif ,umwf ,arj, aq,oAif :ymifbmif :? ef G :aq; wgef ;rld if :vldef :eef . yAefwD ;xkuf ,tmyf ;wj, pAwf :umefzkuf ,Ogrf ;wlof :wgef :wD ;ek dif ;bof ./ Ulnf :uj; vguf :ej:_wl if ;ej:eef . rmif ,wD ; uSyf ;?bgh ,bSrf :ej; ayj:awqf G .qmuf ,xhrj: trf , qmi f ; ? vl of ,ck d ef :rl ef .sr:P; wl if ;ej:?vguf :ej:ql dof :eef . uG mif ;cG mifaO ulef :rld if :cof qmif ;awqf G .vh ; qmuf ;xh rj:efG :umefzkuf ,Ogrf ; cof rl d of :ej;/ ef G :ej: eef . Orf .tguf ,sp;(wwf .wk ? CG mif )/ ug yf ;eef eif ,pk d ofaw rD :zgef :vD wmif :Ogifzh m, Omrfwmif :? yAef pSif :vlif (3)yld ifoj;eh / pSif :vlifOmrfydl ifeef .(1? zh m,qof ;tvmif :cofauj; vh ;ik def :? 2/ Zh m,qof ;omef ;? qof ;ej:cofauj; vh ;ik def : vl d ofeef . wl if ;ej:_vg uf :ej:auj; aw uG mif ;cG mifrj:/ 3/ Zh m,xkuf ,tguf ,cof ; ef G :rl d if :]o}

auj; awck def ;bfG ,wlof :wgef :rj:)/ eh .rD :zgef : vD wj, qof ;tvmif :? qof ;omef ;qof ;ej:? umefauj,Omif ;rld if :]o}bof ./ pgif ;umef ukef ,zh m ph ;ej:rl d if :]o}cof cyf .ck d ifaO tmyf ,yef cgrf , yefeD ,OAef ;xlof : ckwf :CG mif(wwf .wk )cof yof ; tof ej:eef . wD ;qof ;omef ;cofbof ./ zh m, cg rf ,yeD ,Of G ,yef uj;ej:eef . ek dif ;rl :vf G(7500)bSef .ik def :sc,/ cmof :bmrf :wluf :vlif : uefoh . wj,ckwf :cG mifeef . (2)yD <? ayj:wArf (2) yD <bof .? zh m,cgrf ,yeD ,cof awck def :rlef .ar: cG muf ;yef wlif ;ej:_vguf :ej:eef . uGif ;cG mifaO tyf myefwD ; qof ;ej:cd kef : oj;eh / r l d of ;oef :xd (22.5.2013)eef cmof :bmrf : tefwl uf :uef oh .eef . Ok wf : OAif ;bof .sv; pgif ;umefzh m,ukef ,zh m,ph ;_ej: rld if :]o}cofsv; cgrf ,yeD ,ckwf :cG mif cofckdef :tmyf , yefej:eef . wD ;qof ;omef ;cofckdef :/

tgefplof tefuG j,rld of ; oef :tmyf ;ej: yefqof ;omef ;ej:rgef :cofeef .rD :-zl ;qwf : umefzh m,yj,rh .xl def ,cl d of :sv; uk ef ,zh mph ;ej: vD :th m;qdif :? Zl ;qwf :umef vlvgrfzh m,zkuf , Ogrf ; qof :nD ,atj:? uSrfZl ;rh mvkrf :vD :th m; zl dif :? ql .qif : zh m,zkuf ,Ogrf ; omif ,auj,ql dif :? acj:qmif :yof :ilof .ch m:? Zl ;ugef :pgif ;umefzh m,zkuf , Ogrf ;sq,wgef ;rld if :vldef :? vof :olnf ,? Zl ;ugef : sq,oAif :ymifbmif : th m;Oh m:? tduf ,yj:zl ;rD :ykef ; zgef :qef .wf G ;cofsv; zl ;ugef :tldif ,umwf ,arj, Omif ,vj. rj:cof ;plrf ,qgrf :/

ef G :ymiftmyf ,ej:eef . vD :th m;zl dif : y A efzl ;cyf .ymif aO rg uf ,vmwf ;uG mrf :Oyf : vSif :se vgif ;efG : cgrf ,yeD ,ckwf :(wwf .wk )cof yof ;tofej:eef ./ vD :th m;zldif :oj;J cmof :bmrf : wluf :vlif :qj,cBmuf ,uef qgrf :cgrf ,yeD ,ckwf :cG mif ; cofeh . Okwf :bof ./ rl d of ;eh . tdifeldof tgef plof efG :pgif ;umefzh m,zkuf ,Ogrf ;cof sv;qof ; cgifcgrf ,yeD ,cof tkyf ,ukrfuefrj:bof . Olif ,qkrf : pof :cj; wmifwl ofef G :xje,aO tof ej:eh . tmyf ,yefwD ; qof ;omef ;? qof :ej:pof :Cof ck def :rl d of ;eh .bof ./ wlif ;ej:? vguf :ej:sv; pgiferf . ql dof :eh .? zh m,cgrf ,yeD , cofsr:yef ck def :rlwf :bof ./ bgef :xk dif ulef :rld if :pof :cof Ok dyf ,pAwf :cof ;ef G :ref : bj,yefej:yof ; Okrf : vh mvh m? wlif ;ej:_vguf :ej: zf Gyh ,vDauj; P;rguf , se wD ;zl ;rD :ykef ;cof ? qf G .cofsr:yefck def :/

ayj:vl def awrj: qk rf :pof : awrj:zk nf ; ymifOgef umefzkuf ,Ogrf ; ef G :omef ;wD ;eh ; ? Ugyf ;eef ej:zf Gej:ref : vlof ,tgefuefpAwf : Omif ;oh .xj; tgefwmif :pof : oj;eh ;/ eguf ;eef . vD :th m:qdif :? vof :olnf ,? omif ,auj,ql dif :? th m;Oh m:? coftgefuefrguf ,vmwf ; uG mrf : yefwmif :pefxkdif efG :ymifukrfeef .oj;J rl d of ;vAof zh m,cgrf ,yeD , tmyf ,ej:yef qof ; ej:pof :cofbof .? tofeh .uG j,ej; vlof ,tgefuef cwf :qf G pA wf :ej:zf G ej:ref :? bj,yef ej:pmrf :vh mvh m? ayj:Olcwf :qf GpAwf :ej:ql dof : eh .vD vD ? cof ;OlpAwf :ek dif ;yD <eh . udeftrf , OA if ; ? rl d of ;pA wf :ph ;-ej:eef . vl of ,rD : nmef ,qgrf :? vlof ,vSuf ;vh m;qfG .ydif ,nj, zh m,zkuf , Ogrf ;tef TOj,cofseyefql dof :eef .bof ./ ayj:ukrfqf G .wk dof : yl d ifuof ,bl , wduf :wduf :qk dif ? ulef :pof :pl d of .? Cmof :bmrf :auj;Okrf :? Orf .aw emef :tofrmuf ;ref :/ umefpAwf :wmif :yD <eef . rmif ,wD ; bif :yh ,ukrf ,udefauj; wk duf :rD :wif :erf / ugyf ;eef eif ,pkd ofumefxkuf ,tguf ,cof ;efG :rld if :]o} awukrf ,vlrf ;yAif :ayj: wj,ef G :rl d if :pof :eh .? rD : ef G :acj;bl dif :tmef :rl d if :]o}(7)wif :ej;eef .- sw,tof yD < 2012.4 vd lef awj,xk dif yD < 2019.4 vl defeef . awvh ;pAwf :P; vgif ; xkuf ,tguf ,cof ; efG :ulef :rld if : ukrf ,vkrf , ayj:udef ayj:bmrf .? plofulef : ek dif ;auj.eh .? ek dif ;yD < vfG vlof ,P;vh ;cof ;(1000)udef ,? ikdef :cof ; ekdif ; auj.vf G (1200)bSef . oj;eh / ug yf ;eef eif ,pk d of ej;umefacj;bl dif :tmef :rld if :]o}(7)yD < wif :ej; ayj:awpAwf :vh ; azj;erf .azj;wlof eef . rl d ofvAof ul ;xj,e? ul ;pgif ;umefcofsv; qgrf :aq,wgef ;? aq,oAif :ul ;wD ;? qgrf :eif , ej;umef wgef ;vfG wgef ;eef . tgefuef-wlif .wk def , vlif :rk d of :pAwf :Omif ;bl ,wD ;zf GwD ; ref :bof ./ ql dof :pof :ulef :pAwf : ph ;_ej:auj; vlof ,cwf :qf GpAwf :umefph ;_ej:pof :ck def ;bf G ,? xkuf ,vD pAwf :ej:avj,? Ej:vg h ql dof :eh .auj; xkuf ,vDtgefuef qAef :qj:pAwf :Omif ;uG j,bof . ehJtgefuefwkduf :Olef :yefeif ,eh / vkdef :Okwf : zl ;ugef :tldif ,umwf ,arj, Omif ,vj. wmifwlof ayj;sr;ulef :rl d if :cof rguf ,vmwf ;uG mrf :oj;J tefzl ;bf G ,ulef :vlif pof :coful ;Omif .Omif . rj:vlvgrf cyf .ckd ifyef ej; umefwjimef : wj,ck def ;bfG ,rld of :ej; wD ;efG :ayj; sr;ul ef :rl d if :pof :cj;eh . cj;wmifwlofayj;sr;

ulef :rl d if :ef G :tldif ,umwf ,arj,sv;omef ;ej:rgef : wif :OAif ; cgyf ,qf Gidef :qlrf :qgrf :sw.cj;bof ./ rd l of ;eh . iof ;ikef : zh m,zkuf ,Ogrf ; pof :cofsv; qof ;cgifcgrf ,yeD ,cof rj:tmyf ,ej:ck def :wD ;ulef : rl d if :cofbof ./ ulnf :uj; vguf :ej:? wlif ;ej:? pgiferf . rmif ,wD ,ql dof :eef . yh ,sr:bof .vD sv; bg ef :xk diftgefplof zl ;rD :ykef ;zgef : pof :cof qgh ;qdOif ,vmwf ;yefoh . wD ;vof :ymef : ckwf :cG mif ;ql dof :eh . qgh ;xSrfsr:yefvDvD-eh Omif ,vj.wmif ,xkdifuG j,eif ,eh / ▲

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