War for Europe and North Africa

Convoy System Battle of Stalingrad Operation Torch

Dwight D. Eisenhower Omar Bradley

George S. Patton Tuskegee Airman

Battle of the Atlantic

Hitler began to attack ships on the Atlantic to try to stop goods from getting to the allies

“wolf packs” began to attack Allied ships Allies brought back the convoy system

from WWI Ships carrying goods were surrounded by a

group of military ships, submarines, and planes

Traveled in large groups

Battle of the Atlantic cont.

Convoy system also included ships with sonar and radar

U-boats were being destroyed faster than they could be replaced

US was producing 140 “liberty ships” each month Not really well built, but easily replaceable

Allies were winning the Battle of the Atlantic by mid-’43

Battle of Stalingrad

Germans took the offensive in southern Soviet Union

Wanted to wipe out Stalingrad Major industrial city

Stalingrad was attacked for weeks Winter set in and the Soviets surrounded

the mostly German controlled city

Stalingrad cont.

Soviets cut off German supply lines Hitler ordered his troops to stay and fight Germans surrendered Jan. 31, 1943 Soviets lost 1,100,000 troops During the battle, Stalin wanted a

second allied front opened up to take some of the pressure off of him

Operation Torch

Tried to take pressure off of Stalin Allies invaded North Africa Dwight Eisenhower commanded the Allied

troops American General Would command the Allies in Europe for the rest of

the war

Gens. George S. Patton and Omar Bradley along with Field Marshal Montgomery defeated Rommell’s Afrika Korps

Operation Torch cont.

Following success in North Africa, the allies landed in Sicily and moved north into Italy

Mussolini was forced in July ’43 to resign and was beaten to death by his own people

Allies got caught up just outside Rome “Bloody Anzio” Lasted 4 months 25,000 Allies dead 30,000 Axis dead

Race War

Tuskegee Airmen All black squadron fought with distinction in

Sicily and Italy Thought to be too unintelligent to fly

Japanese Americans also fought in Italy Were not allowed to fight in the Pacific 442nd Regimental Combat Team

All 2nd gen. Japanese Americans Most decorated unit in U.S. History