War of the RosesTudors vs. Lancasters

When:• Shortly after the Hundred Years War• 1455

– York and Lancaster families started the War of the Roses

– York- white rose was their badge– Lancaster- Red Rose

House of Lancaster Wins• Henry Tudor of

Lancaster House wins---------------------

• 1485• Defeats King Richard

III of York• King Henry VII (Henry

Tudor) marries a daughter of York

• Sets up a strong monarchy in England again

FRANCE

France suffers during 100 years war

Takes place on French soil

• Bands of English soldiers rob and destroy

• French people starve

Fight for Power

• House of Burgundy sides with English

• Divides France

Charles VII

• From Orleans

• Gained throne with the help of Joan of Arc

RETURN OF STRONG KINGS

Louis XI takes the throne after Charles VIISeizes lands of house of Burgundy reduces power of the estates general and the noblesUnder Louis XI France becomes a united country

Spain• Became a united Nation in 1479

under:• Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of

Castille• 1492 capture Granada- last

stronghold of the Moors (or Muslims)• Strong Catholics• Expelled all Jews and Muslims in 1492

– Lost great leaders in trade and industry

Holy Roman Empire• Germany and Italy• Remain divided into states and regions ruled by

Princes and Knights• 1356 Emporer Charles IV ruled that only 7 electors

could elect emproer– 3 archbishops and 4 German princes– Pope removed from election process– Bribery and election favors common– Princes very powerful still

A Habsburg is elected Emporer in 1273

The Habsburgs use their position to

arrange marriages with powerful families

Through marriage the H Family gains control of Austria and nearby

lands

More well planned marriages gave the H control of much of the

empire’s territory

Habsburgs become the most powerful family in Europe

• Habsburg Family

Click picture to go to the Habsburg’s page