WARM UP 1. In most states, what must children do until

the age of 16?

2. What is a responsibility?

3. What is a duty?

4. Voting in political elections is a?

5. Registering with the govt. for military service is a?

6. What is tolerance?

7. What do we call people that do work for no pay?

POLIT

ICAL P

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. 9

PARTY SYSTEMSOne Party SystemOnly 1 party is allowed to existChina, CubaMulti-Party SystemFound in many European countriesPlurality – one party wins more seats than all others

Majority – one party wins more than half of available seats

Coalition – alliance with another partyProblems – tough to get a majority & can cause disorder & confusion

Two Party System

• U.S. – Democrats & Republicans

• There are other parties but are a minority

• Major difference between the 2 parties is that the Democrats feel the govt. should be more directly involved in the lives of the people and Republicans feel a strong economy will help people to help themselves.

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING BEST DESCRIBES THE ELECTORAL COLLEGE?1. The popular vote carries more weight

2. This primary race helps narrow the field of candidates

3. It is a body of electors who pledge to vote for a candidate after the popular vote

4. It is a way that citizens can propose new constitutional amendments

THIRD PARTIES• Minor parties that challenge the 2 dominant

parties• Never held the presidency• Influence the candidates for presidency• Can steal votes from a party causing the other

dominant party to win• Populist Party – 1890s – farmers – wanted direct

election of Senators and an 8hr work day• Progressive Party – aka Bull Moose Party – Split

from Republicans in 1912• Reform Party – formed in 1992 – gained 19% of

vote

3RD PARTIES BASED ON 3 THINGSCan be one or all threeSingle Issue – Ex: GreenPolitical Beliefs – Libertarian – limited gov’t interference on business

Single Candidates – Ross Perot Ron Paul - 2008Almost Hillary Clinton in 2008They sometimes act as spoilers and take votes away from the major parties.

They sometimes influence the major parties with ideas.

THIRD PARTIES IN US HISTORY

Ross PerotReform Party

1992

George WallaceAmerican Independent Party

1968

Teddy RooseveltBull Moose Party (Progressive)

1912

Ralph NaderGreen Party 2000, 2004

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS THE LEGAL DUTY OF CITIZENSHIP?

1. Register and vote

2. Hold elective office

3. Keep informed about issues

4. Obey laws

POLITICAL PARTY FUNCTIONS

• Main purpose – to get candidates elected to office

• Encourage people to participate• Express opinions• Get involved in government• Patronage – giving special

positions to loyal party workers

POLITICAL PARTY FUNCTIONS CONT. • Parties nominate the candidate• Campaign for the candidate• Inform citizens• Help manage government• Link different levels of government• Act as a watchdog – make sure the other

party doesn’t become corrupt• Grassroots movement – idea that starts

with a group of people and moves to the national scene

PARTY BELIEFS

• Political Machine – strong party organization that has its candidates elected year after year and dominates a local area – Tammany Hall

• Platform – the goals of the party or stance on all issues

• Plank – a party’s stance on one issue

FAMOUS POLITICAL MACHINESChicago Democratic

Machine Richard J. Daley (50s, 60s, and 70s)

Richard M. Daley (1989 – present)

Other major cities have political machines

PARTY ORGANIZATIONNational ChairpersonAt the topRuns the national committeeFollowed by state, county, city etcWard Boss Second smallestRuns a couple of neighborhoodsPrecinct Committeemen Smallest – a neighborhood committeeLook at the chart on page 280 for help

PARTY ORGANIZATIONPolitical Party Organization

party members

Precinct Organization

County or Local Committee

State Committee

National Committeethis is the top level of the party

Reince Priebus

Linda Daves

Tim Kaine

David Young

NOMINATING CANDIDATES• Caucus – meeting of party members• Nominating Convention – delegates are

chosen by party members to select the candidate

• Direct Primary Elections – registered voters choose the candidates – 2 types

Open Primary – party membership not required to vote

Closed Primary – only registered party members can vote

U.S. PARTY SYSTEM• Washington & Madison warned against

parties• Jefferson – anti-Federalist – became

Democratic-Republicans• Hamilton & Adams – Federalist• Era of Good Feelings – Monroe•Only 1 party – Federalists died out after the War of 1812

• Whigs rise to power against Jackson’s Democrats

• Civil War – Republicans rose to power as opponents to slavery