Warm-up

1. What 3 countries during the colonial period have been fighting for control of the North America?

2. What other people might be involved in these conflicts?

The French and Indian War, Taxation, and Reaction

Competition Over North America

• France, Spain, and England all control colonies in North America

• France – All land west of west of Appalachian Mountains

• English – 13 Colonies

• Spain – Florida and the Southeast

Why?

• All desire natural resources– Commodity – goods

bought or sold for profit

– France and England compete for the Ohio River Valley fur trade

War!• Both England and France push

into the Ohio River Valley• England sends a young George

Washington to claim the territory from France

• French respond by reinforcing positions along the Ohio River

• Washington captured and forced back to Virginia; England declares war

Washington, Lieutenant Colonel in English Colonial Army

Albany Plan for Union: 1754

Albany Plan

Plan formulated by early colonials (Ben Franklin) to have a centralized government for the 13 colonies. Plan ultimately never became a reality but paved the way for bigger things later.

Ft. Necessity

The French and Indian War

• 1754 -1763• France allies with

Indian Tribes• England eventually

wins the war• England suffers heavy

debts (bankrupt)

Proclamation Line of 1763• Created to stabilize relations with Native Americans and to reorganize the British colonies

How should England get out of debt?

Causes of the American Revolution

• England passes acts to regulate/tax colonistsCauses of the American Revolution

1. Navigation Acts – English monopolize trade with colonies

2. Sugar Act (1764)

3. Stamp Act (1765)

4. Townshend Acts (1767)

5. Quartering Act (1765)

6. Intolerable Acts (1774)

Colonial Opposition

1. Stamp Act Congress – issues a boycott of British goods

“No Taxation Without Representation

-Led by John Adams

2. Sons of Liberty – Colonial Independence Group; protest English Acts/Taxes

-Led by Samuel Adams

3. Committees of Correspondence – colonial group voicing concerns to England

- Led by Benjamin Franklin

John Adams Samuel Adams

Benjamin Franklin

Further Escalation

1. Boston Massacre-March 5, 1770-colonists rebel to Quartering Act-British open fire-5 colonists die

Propaganda – information used to influence opinion

2. Boston Tea Party

-November 27, 1773

-Protest of Tea Act (Townshend Acts)

-Sons of Liberty dump 342 chests of English tea into Boston Harbor ($32,000 worth)

-leads to Intolerable Acts (Coercive Acts)

Intolerable (Coercive Acts)

4 Parts:

1. Port Act – Closes Boston Harbor

2. Mass. Government Act – revokes MA charter

3. Quartering Act – Martial Law

4. Revoking of Rights Act – no arms or protest

Wrap-up

1. From your understanding of the English Bill of Rights, why might the America colonists feel angered at the taxes put upon them?