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Warm-Up #7 5/10/131) What are the 3 types of body symmetry?
2) Invertes with segmented bodies are called______.
3) The two spots on a planarians are called______ and they are used to_____.
4) In a closed circulatory system, where is the blood?
5) What is the function of an excretory system?
Vertebrates
Essential Question
What distinguishes chordates from other animals?
Objectives Examine the
complexity of the vertebrate body plan
Determine the structural and functional adaptations of vertebrates
Identify the vertebrate body systems studied in science
Vertebrates
Animals with a backbone or vertebral column
Can be ectothermic or endothermicEctothermic – cold-blooded, body temp.
controlled by behaviorEndothermic – warm-blooded, generate their
own body heat
Vertebrata Classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata (Most chordates are vertebrates)
Class: Vertebrate classes - five main groups…
1. Fishes (include multiple classes)2. Amphibia3. Reptilia4. Aves (Birds)
5. Mammalia
Fishes
Fishes – most have fins, scales, and gills First vertebrates to evolve Include multiple classes – 3 main groups
Jawless fishes Invertebrates; ex. lampreys, hagfish
Cartilaginous fishes have cartilage; ex. sharks, skates, rays
Bony fishes have hard bone; ex. flounder, clownfish, tuna
Fishes Feeding – all types R,C,E – gills or lungs, closed circulation-
heart, diffusion/ kidney Response – well-developed nervous system
(brain, spinal cord, sense organs) Movement – muscles, fins Reproduction – sexual (external or internal
fertilization) Body Temp. - Ectothermic
Amphibia
Live in water as larvae, on land as adults Breathe with lungs as an adult Have moist skin with mucus glands Lack scales and claws 3 Groups
Salamanders Frogs & Toads Caecilians (no legs)
Amphibian = double life
Amphibia Feeding – filter feed, herbivores as larvae;
carnivores as adults R,C,E – R- through skin & lungs (gills when
larvae), C- closed with a heart, E- kidneys Response – well developed - brain, spinal
cord, sensory organs Movement – swim as larvae, limbs as adults Reproduction – Sexual (external fertilization,
some internal) Body Temp. – Ectothermic
Cecilian
Reptilia
Dry, scaly skin Lungs Terrestrial eggs with several membranes 4 Groups
Lizards and snakesCrocodiliansTurtles and tortoisesTuatara (resemble lizards, but different)
Reptilia
Feeding – herbivores, carnivores, omnivores R,C,E – R-lungs, C-closed with heart, E-
kidneys Response – well developed - brain, spinal
cord, sensory organs Movement – strong limbs Reproduction – sexual (internal fertilization) Body Temp. – Ectothermic
Tuatara
Aves (Birds)
Reptile-like Endothermic Feathers Two legs with scales – walking or perching Front limbs modified into wings Over 30 different orders
Aves (Birds) Feeding – herbivores, carnivores, omnivores;
must eat often to maintain body heat R,C,E – R- lungs, C- closed with heart, E-
kidneys Response – well developed - brain, spinal
cord, sensory organs Movement – wings & legs to walk, run, swim,
most fly Reproduction – Sexual (internal fertilization) Body Temp. – Endothermic
Mammalia Hair Nourish young with milk Breathe air 4 chambered hearts Endothermic Classified into 3 groups based on reproduction
Placental MammalsMarsupialsMonotremes
Placental Mammals
Carry young inside uterus until they give birth.
Ex. Humans, dogs
Marsupials 1st period of development occurs inside
mother’s body. 2nd period occurs in a pouch outside of mom. Ex. Kangaroo
Monotremes Egg-laying mammals Ex. Duck-billed platypus, echidna
Mammalia Feeding – herbivores, carnivores, omnivores R,C,E – R- lungs, C- closed w/ heart, E-
highly developed kidneys Response – highly developed brains Movement – wide variety of adaptations
including flexible backbone Reproduction – sexual – internal fertilization Body Temp. – Endothermic
Chordates