Warm-upAnswer the questions on your study guide

1. Mark 3 questions that you want to go over before taking the quiz.

2. Write the equation for photosynthesis and label the reactants and products.

3. Write the equation for cellular respiration and label the reactants and products.

(Remember, you must know both equations by heart for the quiz)

AgendaGo over Notebook Grades

Pass out Progress Reports

Note card equations??

Go over study guide

Take quiz

Mini Survey

Work on Reading Guide/ Missing Work

Notebook GradesNotes: 2pts each = 18 pts

Warm-ups: 2pts each = 28 pts

Total points possible = 46 points

Stamps = Extra Credit points

Overall GradesIf you are missing work on this progress report, it is due by WEDNESDAY.

All work for this week is due FRIDAY

If you want to improve your grade, you can retake a test or quiz by coming during lunch or after school. Plan to go over the information first.

Mini SurveyPlease answer these questions sincerely and hand them

into me before you leave.

1. What is something that we’re doing already that’s helpful to you? (Notes, Exit Tickets, PowerPoints, videos, etc.)

2. What are some things that I could do to help you learn the material better?

3. What are some things YOU could do (individually or as a class) to help you learn the material?

Warm -UpGet a textbook and define the following words in your notes section.cell cycle, chromosome, chromatid, diploid, haploid, gamete, mitosis, meiosis, asexual reproduction, sexual reproduction, fertilization, zygote

AgendaObjective: SWBAT: Explain what happens during the cell cycle and how the nucleus divides during mitosis AND determine the number of chromosomes a cell has following cellular division.Go over quizzes and gradesPhase CardsNotesMitosis Hand jive

Quiz Grades

1. Do all living things grow and develop?2. What information does the nucleus

store?3. What types of cells have a nucleus?

Phase cardsTry to put the cards in order

What are the diagrams on the cards?

How did you decide what order to put them in?

What do you think is happening at the end of this process?

Unit 4

Mitosis and Meiosis…

How things grow and develop!

1. How do we grow?a) The process starts with our cells

Our cells can only grow so big. Then they have to divide to produce more cells.

Example: When a fetus is developing and growing, it’s cells are dividing

What happens when a cell gets too big?

If your mom got pregnant with sextuplets (meaning 6 babies at once!),the house would get REALLY crowded. Anyone would have a hard time taking care of all those kids!

2. What happens when a cell gets too big? a. When a cell is small, the information

stored in that DNA is able to meet all of the cell’s needs.

b. When a cell increases in size, the DNA has a harder time performing all of its functions.

3. What are Chromosomes?a. DNA is bundled up into structures called

chromosomes

b. DNA is a type of nucleic acid that carries the genetic information and codes for proteins

DNA controls what a cell doesIn Eukaryotic cells, DNA is stored in the nucleus

3. What are chromosomes?c. Every organism has a certain number of

chromosomesExample: Humans have 46 chromosomes

d. Most the time, you cannot see chromosomes because they are spread out in the nucleus

Chromosomes are only visible during cell division

4. What is the structure of a chromosome?

a. When they become visible, you can see that each chromosome is made up of two identical parts, called chromatids

Draw & Label the Chromosome

DNA

Chromatid

Chromosome

5. How does a cell divide?a. Cell Cycle: series of events that a cell

goes through as it grows and divides

b. Interphase is what happens in a cell before it divides. “Inter” means between, so interphase means between phasesStep 1: The cell increases in size, makes new

proteins and organellesStep 2: DNA is synthesized (copied)Step 3: The cell prepares to divide

5. How does a cell divide?c. During the “M” phase, two things occur:

Mitosis: the division of a cell’s nucleus

AND

Cytokinesis: the division of a cell“Cyto” = cell

“kinesis”= movement

d. Body (somatic) cells go through mitosis and cytokinesis

What are diploid cells?a. Asexually Reproducing organisms have

diploid cells.

b. A diploid cell is a cell that has two copies of each chromosome. Diploid means two sets (2n) of chromosomes.

The Cell Cycle

Mitosis Hand Jive

Draw Mitosis

Mini SurveyPlease answer these questions sincerely and hand them

into me before you leave.

1. What is something that we’re doing already that’s helpful to you? (Notes, Exit Tickets, PowerPoints, videos, etc.)

2. What are some things that I could do to help you learn the material better?

3. What are some things YOU could do (individually or as a class) to help you learn the material?

Warm Up1. How do we grow?

2. What happens in mitosis?

3. DNA is a type of ________________?

4. DNA is arranged in ______________.

5. How many cells are produced after cytokinesis?

AgendaObjectives: SWBAT: Explain that meiosis is necessary for sexual reproduction AND Determine the number of chromosomes a cell has following the process of meiosis.

Notes on Meiosis

Demonstration

Draw Meiosis

Video- “Why Sex”

Exit Ticket

Short Quiz on Friday

Practice Problem

If a cell has 10 chromosomes and goes through mitosis, how many chromosomes would it’s daughter cell have?

What type of cells go through mitosis?

How many cells are produced after cytokinesis?

What is this?

Review of Cell Division

Before a cell becomes too large, it divides to form two “daughter” cells.

What must a cell do before it can divide?Copy its DNA!

What divides in the process of mitosis?The Nucleus

Review of Chromosomes: a. Each chromosome is a

single, long structure that only becomes the “x” shape after DNA replication.

b. A human has 23 pairs (46 total) chromosomes- After DNA is copied, we have 46 pairs (92 total!) chromosomes!!!!

6. Put these pictures in order

Do all organisms reproduce in the same way?

No

What type of organisms reproduce sexually?

Animals and Plants

What type of organisms reproduce asexually?

Bacteria

What is Asexual Reproduction? a. When the offspring is identical to its one

parent.

b. What is Mitosis, asexual or sexual production?

- Asexual. It’s one parent cell producing two identical cells from itself.

What organisms reproduce asexually? c. Most prokaryotes, like bacteria,

reproduce asexually.

d. Asexual reproduction is the primary form of reproduction for single-celled organisms such as bacteria.

e. Asexual reproduction produces diploid cells

What are diploid cells?a. Asexually Reproducing organisms have

diploid cells.

b. A diploid cell is a cell that has two copies of each chromosome. Diploid means two sets (2n) of chromosomes.

What are Haploid Cells?a. Sex cells (eggs and sperm) contain only

one copy of chromosomes. b. Haploid cell have only one set of

chromosomes. A haploid cell is a cell that only has one set (1n) of genes.

c. Eggs have an X chromosome and sperm cells can have either an X or a Y chromosome.

Haploid vs. Diploid cells

What is sexual reproduction?a. Most plants and

animals reproduce by sexual reproduction.

b. In sexual reproduction, cells from two different parents combine to form the first cell of an offspring.

What happens before Sexual Reproduction?

a. Cellular division happens two times to produce sex cells.

b. DNA is copied one time, but the total number of chromosomes is divided two times.

DEMO!

I need 4 volunteers

What happens before Sexual Reproduction?

a.Offspring inherit half of their genetic information from each parent

b.That means sex cells, or gametes, only contain half of the parents’ DNA

What is Meiosis?a. Meiosis is a type of cell division that

results in 4 daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes.

• Only occurs in organisms that can reproduce sexually.

• Produces haploid cells

What happens to the # of chromosomes?

a. In Meiosis, the nucleus divides four times leaving each nuclei with half the number of chromosomes.

b. Example:• Parent cell- 2n• Replication- 4n or 2 pairs• Mitosis- 2n• Meiosis- n

Draw Meiosis

Life Span of Organism

Warm Up1. A human gamete has 23 chromosomes.

How many chromosomes does a body cell have?

2. A ________ cell has two full sets of chromosomes.

3. Meiosis is necessary for _______________ reproduction.

AgendaObjectives: SWBAT: Explain that meiosis is necessary for sexual reproduction AND Determine the number of chromosomes a cell has following the process of meiosis.

Video- “Why Sex”

Meiosis and Genetic variability

Exit Ticket

Short Quiz on Friday- Be able to draw meiosis and mitosis and identify the types of cells and reproduction

Why Sex DVD

You need to take notes on the video in your notes section.

Be prepared to share your notes.

Meiosis and Sexual Reproductiona. Meiosis occurs to make gametes (sex cells)

which combine to create an offspring.

b. Sexual reproduction is what makes living things different from one another. The fertilized cell is different from both the mother's egg and father's sperm because it has two different sets of DNA.

What is Genetic Variability?

a. Genetic Variability means that genes are different from each other.

b. Meiosis produces genetic variability among organisms.

How do we get genetic variation? Random fertilization of two, unique cells.

Crossing-over in meiosis

What is crossing-over?Crossing over is when genes from one chromosome are exchanged with genes from another chromosome

results in new combinations of genes

Also called recombination

What are the Advantages of Meiosis?a. Sexual reproduction increases the

amount of variation within a species.

b. This variation improves the chance that a species will adapt to its environment and be able to survive.

Do Obama’s kids look exactly like him or Michelle?

Example

The number of owls increase in a park and the amount of mice decreases rapidly. However, the quickest mice are able to escape the owls. In time, more fast mice are born, allowing them to survive. They adapted to the change and survived because they were genetically different.

What are the Disadvantages of Mitosis?a. Organisms that reproduce asexually cannot

develop much variety, because they are just "copying" the parent.

b. Since they are all exactly the same, the organisms will probably not survive a disaster.

Mitosis vs. Meiosis pieces

Each pair will get a sheet of steps in meiosis as well as mitosis

Cut out the pieces

Organize the pieces into meiosis and mitosis

Exit Ticket

Exit Ticket1. Diploid cells have twice as many

chromosomes as ______________ cells2. Mitosis occurs in Asexual or Sexual

reproduction?3. If a living thing has 20 chromosomes and it’s

cell goes through meiosis, how many chromosomes will be in one of the new cells?

4. What is an advantage of meiosis/sexual reproduction?

Study Guide

Warm-Up1. How many cells are produced by Mitosis?2. How many cells are produced by Meiosis?3. Mitosis is a form of ______________

reproduction4. Meiosis is a form of ______________

reproduction5. (You do NOT need to copy this question)

If a living thing has 24 chromosomes and its cell goes through meiosis, how many chromosomes will be in one of the new cells?

Agenda

White Board Review

Quiz!

Evolution/Planet Earth

White Board Review

How many chromosomes do we have total?

How many chromosomes did we get from each parent?

Meiosis produces how many daughter cells?

4

What type of cells go through mitosis?

What process produces cells that are identical to the parent cell?

Which type of cellular division allows for genetic variability, mitosis OR meiosis

Meiosis

A dog has 78 chromosomes in each of its cells. One of its cells goes through mitosis. How many chromosomes will the new, daughter cell have?

78!!!

Remember, a cell that has gone through mitosis will have the same number of chromosomes!

What type of cells has two sets of chromosomes (2n) ?

Diploid

Sex cells are a type of ___________ cell because they have half the number of chromosomes

haploid

A cell in an ovary goes through meiosis. It started with 16 chromosomes. How many will the cell have after meiosis?

This is a picture of which process?

Write out the correct order of the pictures

3, 2, 5, 1, 4

LAST Question

What occurs AFTER mitosis in the Cell Cycle?

Cytokinesis!

Cellular Division Video

Answer the questions as you watch!

What does Meiosis look like?

MEIOSIS I

MEIOSIS II

Possible gametes Possible gametes

How do we get genetic variation?

independent assortment of chromosomes in meiosis.Chromosomes pair up randomly, and then split into two new cells

That means two traits can be inherited independently from one another

Example: a cat's color and tail length

How do we get genetic variation? random fertilization of gametes (sex cells)

Any sperm can fertilize any egg

There are trillions of different combinations of chromosomes

What does Crossing-over look like?Crossing over is important because it allows for variation in the genes we inherit from our parents.

http://www.goldiesroom.org/video_archive.htm

Crossing over

Compare Mitosis and Meiosis

Diagrams

Brain Pop

http://www.brainpop.com/science/cellularlifeandgenetics/genetics/

Update Notebooks