Warm-upAug.

72. What was the first permanent

European settlement in the modern day United States?

A. Jamestown, VAB. St. Augustine, FLC. Boston, MAD. Roanoke, VA

U.S. History Chapter 2 U.S. History Chapter 2 Notes Notes

Colonizing AmericaColonizing America

The Spanish Claim a New The Spanish Claim a New EmpireEmpire

ConquistadorsConquistadors – Spanish – Spanish explorers came to America explorers came to America looking for the 3 G’s looking for the 3 G’s 1. God, Gold and Glory 1. God, Gold and Glory

1519 – 1519 – Hernan CortesHernan Cortes landed in Tabasco Mexicolanded in Tabasco Mexico1. Had an army of 600 men1. Had an army of 600 men

Marched to Tenochtitlan Marched to Tenochtitlan 1. Malinche – Served as a 1. Malinche – Served as a guide to Cortes guide to Cortes 2. Persuaded the Aztecs 2. Persuaded the Aztecs enemies to help himenemies to help him

The Spanish Claim a New The Spanish Claim a New EmpireEmpire

1521 - Cortes 1521 - Cortes defeated Aztecs defeated Aztecs 1. Small Pox and 1. Small Pox and measles had measles had weakened the Aztecsweakened the Aztecs2. Established colony 2. Established colony of New Spain of New Spain

3. 3. Montezuma Montezuma – Last – Last leader of the Aztecs leader of the Aztecs 4. Cortes burned 4. Cortes burned Tenichtitlan and built Tenichtitlan and built Mexico CityMexico City

Spanish Pattern of Spanish Pattern of Conquest Conquest

Lived among the Native Americans and imposed their Lived among the Native Americans and imposed their culture upon them culture upon them

PeninsularesPeninsulares – Spanish settlers (mostly men) – Spanish settlers (mostly men) Mestizo Mestizo - New group of people who were created when - New group of people who were created when

Spanish explores married Native AmericansSpanish explores married Native Americans Spanish oppressed the Native AmericansSpanish oppressed the Native Americans EncomiendaEncomienda - System in which the Native Americans - System in which the Native Americans

farmed, ranched, or mined for landlords who had received farmed, ranched, or mined for landlords who had received the rights to their labor from Spanish authorities.the rights to their labor from Spanish authorities. Native Americans were treated harshly under the system Native Americans were treated harshly under the system

1542 - Monarchy abolished the Encomienda system1542 - Monarchy abolished the Encomienda system Spanish began using African slaves Spanish began using African slaves

Native American population had dropped Native American population had dropped

Spanish Conquistadors Spanish Conquistadors Push NorthPush North

1513 - 1513 - Juan Ponce Juan Ponce de Leonde Leon explored explored FloridaFlorida

1562 – Abandoned 1562 – Abandoned exploration due to exploration due to lack of economic lack of economic successsuccess

Protestants in FloridaProtestants in Florida 1500’s – France divided by Catholics and 1500’s – France divided by Catholics and

ProtestantProtestant Huguenots- French ProtestantsHuguenots- French Protestants

Gaspard de Coligny convinced the King to let the Gaspard de Coligny convinced the King to let the Huguenots establish a French colony in the Huguenots establish a French colony in the AmericasAmericas Near modern day JacksonvilleNear modern day Jacksonville

King liked the idea of getting rid of the King liked the idea of getting rid of the HuguenotsHuguenots Also liked the idea of having a colony in the AmericasAlso liked the idea of having a colony in the Americas

French settlers didn’t learn how to fish or hunt.French settlers didn’t learn how to fish or hunt. Relied on help from the local IndiansRelied on help from the local Indians Ground up fish bones to make breadGround up fish bones to make bread Waited for supplies from France Waited for supplies from France

Spanish RespondSpanish Respond

Sent a warship to kill ProtestantsSent a warship to kill Protestants Killed most of the French colonist Killed most of the French colonist

Because of religion not nationalityBecause of religion not nationality Spain established the colony Spain established the colony St. St.

AugustineAugustine

1. 11. 1stst permanent European permanent European settlement in the U.S.Asettlement in the U.S.A

Spanish settle the Spanish settle the SouthwestSouthwest

1540 – 1540 – Francisco Francisco Vasquez de CoronadoVasquez de Coronado led the 1st Spanish led the 1st Spanish expedition into modern-expedition into modern-day Arizonaday Arizona

Didn’t find any gold or Didn’t find any gold or silver silver

1609 – Pedro de Peralta 1609 – Pedro de Peralta built capital of New built capital of New Mexico in Santa FeMexico in Santa Fe

Road between Santa Fe Road between Santa Fe and Mexico City was and Mexico City was called the Royal Road called the Royal Road

Resistance to the Resistance to the SpanishSpanish

Catholic missionaries attempted to Catholic missionaries attempted to Christianize and impose Spanish culture Christianize and impose Spanish culture on the Native Americans on the Native Americans

Used militaryUsed military Destroyed scared objects and suppressed Destroyed scared objects and suppressed

religious ceremonies religious ceremonies 1670s – Priest began forcing native 1670s – Priest began forcing native

AmericansAmericans Native Americans were beaten for Native Americans were beaten for

breaking the rulesbreaking the rules

Spain’s Empire in the Spain’s Empire in the Americas Review QuestionsAmericas Review Questions

1. What did Juan Ponce de Leon claim for 1. What did Juan Ponce de Leon claim for Spain?Spain?

2. Who did Hernando Cortes conquer?2. Who did Hernando Cortes conquer? 3. What were Conquistadores and what 3. What were Conquistadores and what

were they looking for? were they looking for? 4. What is a Mestizo?4. What is a Mestizo? 5. What was the Encomienda system? 5. What was the Encomienda system? 6. Why is St, Augustine unique?6. Why is St, Augustine unique? 7. What were Spanish settlers in the North 7. What were Spanish settlers in the North

American Southwest looking for?American Southwest looking for?

French and English French and English Explorers – looked for Explorers – looked for

Northwest PassageNorthwest Passage Saw Americas as an obstacle Saw Americas as an obstacle

between them and Asiabetween them and Asia

English Explorers (looking English Explorers (looking for a northwest passage)for a northwest passage)

John CabotJohn Cabot - Wanted - Wanted to sail west to Asiato sail west to Asia

Landed in Landed in Newfoundland, Newfoundland, CanadaCanada

Didn’t meet any Didn’t meet any IndiansIndians

Discovered good Discovered good fishing area known as fishing area known as the “Great Banks”the “Great Banks”

English fisherman English fisherman began making annual began making annual fishing tripsfishing trips

French Explorers French Explorers

Jacques CartierJacques Cartier

1. Sailed up the St. 1. Sailed up the St. Lawrence River to Lawrence River to modern day Montrealmodern day Montreal

2. Used 2 kidnapped 2. Used 2 kidnapped Indians as guidesIndians as guides

3. His exploration was 3. His exploration was the basis of France’s the basis of France’s claims to lands claims to lands around the St. around the St. Lawrence RiverLawrence River

French Explorers French Explorers

Samuel de Samuel de ChamplainChamplain 1. Explored the 1. Explored the Atlantic coast from Atlantic coast from the mouth of the St. the mouth of the St. Lawrence RiverLawrence River2. Established the 2. Established the 11stst permanent permanent French settlement French settlement in the in North in the in North America (Modern America (Modern day Quebec)day Quebec)

French and English French and English Explorers Explorers

Review Questions Review Questions 9. Who did the following people sail 9. Who did the following people sail

for, where did they explore and what for, where did they explore and what did they discover?did they discover?

A. John Cabot -A. John Cabot - B. Jacques Cartier -B. Jacques Cartier - C. Samuel de Champlain - C. Samuel de Champlain - 10. What was the Northwest 10. What was the Northwest

Passage?Passage?

Warm-upAug

83. The rush among European powers to

establish colonies in the Americas can BEST be described as

A. an attempt to create regional cooperation and unityB. an extension of military and economic rivalriesC. a desire to learn about other culturesD. an effort to spread Christianity around the world

11stst English Colonies English Colonies

Protestant ReformationProtestant Reformation

Martin Luther Martin Luther – leader of the – leader of the Protestant reformation, expelled Protestant reformation, expelled from the Catholic Church, but his from the Catholic Church, but his ideas spread and became known as ideas spread and became known as the Lutheran Church.the Lutheran Church.

John Calvin John Calvin - Suggested that the - Suggested that the Monarchy should not control the Monarchy should not control the church.church.

Economic Changes in Economic Changes in EnglandEngland

ManoralismManoralism English nobles realized that they could English nobles realized that they could

make more money by raising sheep than make more money by raising sheep than by renting their land.by renting their land.

Enclosure Movement – Enclosure Movement – landowners landowners converted their estates from farms to converted their estates from farms to sheep pastures and evicted the tenants.sheep pastures and evicted the tenants.

Created thousands of poor, unemployed Created thousands of poor, unemployed beggars.beggars.

The 1The 1stst English Colony English Colony Richard Hakluyt - Geographer who urged Richard Hakluyt - Geographer who urged

England to start a colony in the AmericasEngland to start a colony in the Americas England didn't control 1 square foot of America England didn't control 1 square foot of America

at the time (late 1500's)at the time (late 1500's) Said new colony would benefit EnglandSaid new colony would benefit England

1. Place to send petty criminals1. Place to send petty criminals2. Allow England to build overseas bases2. Allow England to build overseas bases3. Provide a market for English manufactured 3. Provide a market for English manufactured goods and a place to get raw materialsgoods and a place to get raw materials4. Plant the Protestant faith in the Americas 4. Plant the Protestant faith in the Americas (control Catholicism)(control Catholicism)

He forgot to say that the colony should be able to He forgot to say that the colony should be able to feed itselffeed itself

The Founding of The Founding of RoanokeRoanoke

Founded by Sir Founded by Sir Walter Walter RaleighRaleigh

Claimed land between the Claimed land between the 34th and 45th parallels for 34th and 45th parallels for England (North Carolina to England (North Carolina to Maine)Maine)

Named region Virginia (for Named region Virginia (for England's virgin queen)England's virgin queen)

1585 - 11585 - 1stst colony began at colony began at Roanoke IslandRoanoke Island

Roanoke and Croatian Roanoke and Croatian Indians lived nearby and Indians lived nearby and provided help at firstprovided help at first

Colonist treated Indians Colonist treated Indians with disrespect (conflicts with disrespect (conflicts ended in violence)ended in violence)

Indians stopped helping Indians stopped helping and the Colonist almost and the Colonist almost starved to deathstarved to death

Left after a yearLeft after a year

Second AttemptSecond Attempt John White leads a 2John White leads a 2ndnd attempt English artist attempt English artist

convinces Raleighconvinces Raleigh People carry their families and invest own moneyPeople carry their families and invest own money White had to return home for suppliesWhite had to return home for supplies

1. His granddaughter 1. His granddaughter "Virginia Dare""Virginia Dare" was the was the 1st English child born in America1st English child born in America

Had to wait a couple of years to return because Had to wait a couple of years to return because of the Spanish Armada of the Spanish Armada

Everyone had disappeared when he returned Everyone had disappeared when he returned 1. Only two signs CRO carved on a tree and the 1. Only two signs CRO carved on a tree and the

word CROATION on a doorword CROATION on a door No one knows what happened to the colonistNo one knows what happened to the colonist Called the “Lost Colony”Called the “Lost Colony”

England Plans for England Plans for ColoniesColonies

Queen Elizabeth died King James became Queen Elizabeth died King James became KingKing

James made peace with Spain enabled James made peace with Spain enabled England to set up coloniesEngland to set up colonies

Formed joint-stock companies to fund Formed joint-stock companies to fund colonies (colonies (Virginia CompanyVirginia Company)) investors – people who put money into project to investors – people who put money into project to

earn moneyearn money shares of stock – pieces of ownership in a the shares of stock – pieces of ownership in a the

companycompany CharterCharter – written contract giving certain – written contract giving certain

rights to a person or grouprights to a person or group

Jamestown (Chesapeake Jamestown (Chesapeake Bay)Bay)

April 1607 - 150 colonist April 1607 - 150 colonist settled in Jamestownsettled in Jamestown

Swampy location caused Swampy location caused diseasesdiseases

Looked for gold and Looked for gold and refused to workrefused to work

Winter 1607 – Only 38 Winter 1607 – Only 38 colonist remainedcolonist remained

John SmithJohn Smith took control took control of the colonyof the colony

Made rule requiring Made rule requiring people to work for foodpeople to work for food

Persuaded the Powhatan Persuaded the Powhatan Indians to give them foodIndians to give them food

Smith was forced to return Smith was forced to return to England after burning to England after burning himself himself

Chief PowhatanChief Powhatan

Powhatan – Powhatan – Native Native American leader who American leader who John Smith befriended John Smith befriended in an effort to save the in an effort to save the colony.colony.

Powhatan Powhatan ConfederConfederacy – trade acy – trade agreement between agreement between Jamestown and the Jamestown and the Native Americans. Native Americans.

Jamestown Jamestown Spring 1609 - 600 more Spring 1609 - 600 more

colonist arrive colonist arrive Only 60 survived the winter Only 60 survived the winter

1610 – Surviving colonist 1610 – Surviving colonist decided to leavedecided to leave1. Met new colonist on the 1. Met new colonist on the James River James River 2. Persuaded to return2. Persuaded to return

New leaders flogged or New leaders flogged or hung colonist who hung colonist who neglected work neglected work

Colony continued to grow Colony continued to grow due to Virginia Company’s due to Virginia Company’s supportsupport

Began growing tobaccoBegan growing tobacco

Tobacco Saves the Tobacco Saves the Colony Colony

John RolfeJohn Rolfe – Colonist who crossed Brazil – Colonist who crossed Brazil tobacco with harsh strain grown in Virginia tobacco with harsh strain grown in Virginia (High Quality) (High Quality) 1. Demand for tobacco in England made it 1. Demand for tobacco in England made it profitable profitable

Tobacco created a demand for field laborTobacco created a demand for field labor1. 1. Headright System Headright System – Gave anyone who paid – Gave anyone who paid for their or another’s passage 50 acres of land for their or another’s passage 50 acres of land (Increased immigration)(Increased immigration)2. 2. Indentured Servants Indentured Servants – People who agreed to – People who agreed to a limited term of servitude in exchange for a limited term of servitude in exchange for passage to North Americapassage to North America

House of BurgessesHouse of Burgesses

Burgesses Burgesses - representative- representative First elected general assembly in First elected general assembly in

American History.American History.

Tobacco Saves the Tobacco Saves the ColonyColony

1610 – 11610 – 1stst African American slaves arrived African American slaves arrived

1. Treated them like indentured servants 1. Treated them like indentured servants

2. Not popular in the beginning due to 2. Not popular in the beginning due to cost (Cost twice much as indentured cost (Cost twice much as indentured servants did) servants did)

Late 1600s – Began importing slaves in Late 1600s – Began importing slaves in large numberslarge numbers

Indentured servant population droppedIndentured servant population dropped Colonist were wealthier Colonist were wealthier

Clashes with Native Clashes with Native Americans Americans

English didn’t want to English didn’t want to live with the Native live with the Native Americans they Americans they defeateddefeated

Leaders began Leaders began demanding tributes demanding tributes and of corn and labor and of corn and labor from local Indiansfrom local Indians

Burned Powhaton Burned Powhaton villages and villages and kidnapped hostages kidnapped hostages (Pocahontas) (Pocahontas)

1614 – 1614 – PocahontasPocahontas married married John RolfeJohn Rolfe (Temporary peace)(Temporary peace)

Clashes with Native Clashes with Native AmericansAmericans

1622 – Powahaten Indians killed 1622 – Powahaten Indians killed over 340 colonists over 340 colonists 1. Nearly bankrupted the Virginia 1. Nearly bankrupted the Virginia Company Company

1624 – King James revoked the 1624 – King James revoked the Virginia Company’s Charter and Virginia Company’s Charter and turned Virginia into a royal colonyturned Virginia into a royal colony1. Sent more troops and settler to 1. Sent more troops and settler to strengthen colonystrengthen colony

11stst English Colonies English Colonies Review Questions Review Questions

12. What was the1st cash crop grown in the English 12. What was the1st cash crop grown in the English colonies?colonies?

13. Who was John Smith?13. Who was John Smith? 14. Who was John Rolfe?14. Who was John Rolfe? 15. What was the Headright system?15. What was the Headright system? 16. What were Indentured Servants?16. What were Indentured Servants? 17. What was a Joint-Stock Company?17. What was a Joint-Stock Company? 18. What was a Royal colony?18. What was a Royal colony? 19. Why is Jamestown important?19. Why is Jamestown important? 20. What happened to the 2nd colony of Roanoke?20. What happened to the 2nd colony of Roanoke? 21. Who was Walter Raleigh?21. Who was Walter Raleigh? 22. What was the purpose of establishing the 1st 22. What was the purpose of establishing the 1st

English colonies in America? English colonies in America? 23. How did settler’s attitudes hurt Jamestown in 23. How did settler’s attitudes hurt Jamestown in

the beginning?the beginning?

Warm – upAug

114. Which of the following states was

NOT one of the original thirteen colonies?

A. New HampshireB. New YorkC. MaineD. Georgia

The PilgrimsThe Pilgrims SeparatistsSeparatists – religious – religious

group that broke from group that broke from the Church of Englandthe Church of England

Sought freedom form Sought freedom form persecution (bad persecution (bad treatment)treatment)

1620 – Mayflower 1620 – Mayflower landed at landed at PlymouthPlymouth storm blew them off storm blew them off

coursecourse Landed outside the Landed outside the

limits of the Virginia limits of the Virginia Company’sCompany’s Charter didn’t apply Charter didn’t apply

to themto them

The PilgrimsThe Pilgrims Mayflower CompactMayflower Compact – –

people agreed to obey people agreed to obey laws that were for the laws that were for the good of the colonygood of the colony

William Bradford William Bradford - - Leader of the PilgrimsLeader of the Pilgrims

SquantoSquanto - helped - helped colonist plant corn, colonist plant corn, beans, and pumpkins in beans, and pumpkins in the tribal landsthe tribal lands 1. Served as an 1. Served as an interpreter to local interpreter to local Indians and helped Indians and helped maintain peacemaintain peace

1621 – celebrated 1st 1621 – celebrated 1st ThanksgivingThanksgiving

Unrest in England leads to Unrest in England leads to growth of colonies growth of colonies

populationpopulation 1620 - King Charles insisted that everyone 1620 - King Charles insisted that everyone

worship the same as himworship the same as him Puritans - group that wanted to rid the Puritans - group that wanted to rid the

church of “Popish” traditions such as the church of “Popish” traditions such as the use statues, painting, and instrumental use statues, painting, and instrumental music.music. Didn’t like celebrations such as Christmas and Didn’t like celebrations such as Christmas and

church weddingschurch weddings Thought playing games sports and games on Thought playing games sports and games on

Sunday was sinfulSunday was sinful King said that church and state were one King said that church and state were one

(people who questioned church’s (people who questioned church’s authority would question the king’s too )authority would question the king’s too )

The Great Migration – The Great Migration – period when many puritans period when many puritans

came to Americacame to America Most move to England’s Most move to England’s

colonies in the West colonies in the West IndiesIndies

1629 – 1629 – Massachusetts Massachusetts Bay CompanyBay Company received received charter (recruited charter (recruited Puritans to move to Puritans to move to America) America)

John WinthropJohn Winthrop – led – led great migration to New great migration to New England (became 1st England (became 1st governor of colony)governor of colony)

Great Migration - Great Migration - 1630 1630 – New England’s white – New England’s white population nearly doubledpopulation nearly doubled

Massachusetts Bay Colony Massachusetts Bay Colony (Established1630)(Established1630)

John Winthrop served as governor John Winthrop served as governor Commonwealth - people worked for Commonwealth - people worked for

the good of the wholethe good of the whole People believed they had an People believed they had an

agreement with God to build a holy agreement with God to build a holy society “City upon a hill”society “City upon a hill”

Brought their families with them Brought their families with them

Colonial New England Colonial New England TownsTowns

Congregation was the basic unit (people Congregation was the basic unit (people who belonged to the same church)who belonged to the same church)1. Each Puritan congregation set up its' 1. Each Puritan congregation set up its' own townown town

Towns built around an open fieldTowns built around an open field Farmers lived in the towns and went out Farmers lived in the towns and went out

each day to work in fieldseach day to work in fields Meeting house was most important building Meeting house was most important building

in town (handled politics and church there)in town (handled politics and church there)1. When town grew too big for meeting 1. When town grew too big for meeting house, congregation divided and started a house, congregation divided and started a new town.new town.

New England Way New England Way Everyone was required to attend churchEveryone was required to attend church People who made noise were punished People who made noise were punished Puritans believed in godliness, hard work Puritans believed in godliness, hard work

and honestyand honesty Thought dancing and playing games Thought dancing and playing games

would lead laziness and sinwould lead laziness and sin Bible was the source of truth so everyone Bible was the source of truth so everyone

should be able to read it.should be able to read it. Required everyone to learn how to readRequired everyone to learn how to read Drunkenness, swearing, theft, and Drunkenness, swearing, theft, and

idleness were illegalidleness were illegal

Challenges to the Challenges to the PuritansPuritans

Puritans didn't Puritans didn't believe in religious believe in religious tolerancetolerance

Roger WilliamsRoger Williams - - said that the said that the government should government should have no power over have no power over religious matters religious matters

Fled Massachusetts Fled Massachusetts and founded the and founded the colony of Rhode colony of Rhode IslandIsland

Challenges to the Challenges to the PuritansPuritans

Anne HutchinsonAnne Hutchinson – declared a – declared a Heretic Heretic and banished from the and banished from the colony for saying that each person colony for saying that each person could find divine guidance without could find divine guidance without the help of the ministrythe help of the ministry

Moved to Rhode Island and founded Moved to Rhode Island and founded the town of Portsmouththe town of Portsmouth

Killed by Indians in a war between Killed by Indians in a war between the Native Americans and the Dutchthe Native Americans and the Dutch

Disputes over LandDisputes over Land

Native Americans believed that no Native Americans believed that no one owned the landone owned the land

Viewed treaties land treaties where Viewed treaties land treaties where they received gifts as agreement to they received gifts as agreement to share the land for a limited time share the land for a limited time

Colonist saw the agreement as a one Colonist saw the agreement as a one –time deal where they bought the –time deal where they bought the land land

King Phillip’s War King Phillip’s War In 1675 the Plymouth Colony tried and executes three In 1675 the Plymouth Colony tried and executes three

Wampanoag for a murder which led to attacks by native Wampanoag for a murder which led to attacks by native Americans against colonistAmericans against colonist

Wampanoag chief Wampanoag chief Metacom organized his tribe in an organized his tribe in an alliance with several others in order to wipe out the alliance with several others in order to wipe out the colonistcolonist

Attacked and burned outlying settlements in New England Attacked and burned outlying settlements in New England

Native American were forced to surrender and flee after a Native American were forced to surrender and flee after a year of fightingyear of fighting1. Worn down by diseases, casualties, and lack of food 1. Worn down by diseases, casualties, and lack of food

Metacom was killed by a Native American ally of the Metacom was killed by a Native American ally of the colonist colonist 1. Puritans exhibited Metacom’s head at Plymouth for 1. Puritans exhibited Metacom’s head at Plymouth for twenty years twenty years

English destroyed the power of the New England IndiansEnglish destroyed the power of the New England Indians

New England ColoniesNew England Colonies Review Questions Review Questions

26. Who was John Winthrop?26. Who was John Winthrop? 27. Who was Anne Hutcheson?27. Who was Anne Hutcheson? 28. What were Separatists?28. What were Separatists? 29. Who was Roger Williams?29. Who was Roger Williams? 31. Who were the effects of the Pequot War?31. Who were the effects of the Pequot War? 32. What was everyone in New England required to do?32. What was everyone in New England required to do? 33. What was the Great Migration?33. What was the Great Migration? 34. What was the Mayflower Compact?34. What was the Mayflower Compact? 35. What is a charter?35. What is a charter? 36. Who were the Pilgrims? 36. Who were the Pilgrims? 37. Who settled in Massachusetts Bay Colony?37. Who settled in Massachusetts Bay Colony? 38. Who settled in Plymouth Colony?38. Who settled in Plymouth Colony? 39. Who wanted to build a “City upon a Hill”?39. Who wanted to build a “City upon a Hill”? 40. Why did the Puritans come to the American colonies?40. Why did the Puritans come to the American colonies?

New NetherlandNew Netherland Henry Hudson – explored Henry Hudson – explored

the area between New the area between New England and the Chesapeake England and the Chesapeake and claimed it for the Dutch.and claimed it for the Dutch.

Settled the area by patroons Settled the area by patroons - a person who brought 50 - a person who brought 50 settlers to New Netherlandsettlers to New Netherland1. Had same power as a 1. Had same power as a feudal lordfeudal lord

Dutch profited from Fur Dutch profited from Fur tradingtrading1. Established Albany and 1. Established Albany and New AmsterdamNew Amsterdam

Peter Stuyvesant - governor Peter Stuyvesant - governor of New Amsterdam of New Amsterdam (conquered New Sweden)(conquered New Sweden)

Seizure of New Seizure of New NetherlandsNetherlands

England jealous of England jealous of New New Amsterdam'sAmsterdam's success ( It also success ( It also divided their lands)divided their lands)

King Charles the II decided his King Charles the II decided his brother the Duke of York should take brother the Duke of York should take it from the Dutchit from the Dutch

Dutch gave up without a fight Dutch gave up without a fight Dutch of York becomes proprietor Dutch of York becomes proprietor

(owner) renames it (owner) renames it New YorkNew York

New JerseyNew Jersey

Dutch of York gave Dutch of York gave New Jersey to two New Jersey to two of his friendsof his friends

Gave Pennsylvania Gave Pennsylvania to to William PennWilliam Penn

1. Penn wanted a 1. Penn wanted a place for the place for the Quakers to liveQuakers to live

Quakers face Persecution Quakers face Persecution (Quakers were a Puritan (Quakers were a Puritan

Group)Group) Said that neither ministers or the bible Said that neither ministers or the bible

were needed (each person could know were needed (each person could know God directly through an "inner light"God directly through an "inner light"

Were treated harshly in Massachusetts Were treated harshly in Massachusetts (whipped, thrown in jail, parts of ears (whipped, thrown in jail, parts of ears cut off and bored their tongues with cut off and bored their tongues with hot irons)hot irons)

1691 - King forced a new charter on 1691 - King forced a new charter on Massachusetts (governor chosen by Massachusetts (governor chosen by the King rather than elected)the King rather than elected)

The Quakers Settle in The Quakers Settle in Pennsylvania Pennsylvania

William PennWilliam Penn received the land as repayment for a debt received the land as repayment for a debt King Charles II owed Penn’s fatherKing Charles II owed Penn’s father

Penn wanted place for Quakers to livePenn wanted place for Quakers to live They were harassed by both Anglicans and Puritans They were harassed by both Anglicans and Puritans Gave every settler 50 acres of land Gave every settler 50 acres of land The government called for the establishment of a The government called for the establishment of a

representative assembly and freedom of religionrepresentative assembly and freedom of religion Capital of the colony was Capital of the colony was PhiladelphiaPhiladelphia “City of “City of

brotherly love”brotherly love” Recruited immigrants from western Europe Recruited immigrants from western Europe Thousands of Germans migrated to the colonyThousands of Germans migrated to the colony

1. Brought craft skills and farming techniques1. Brought craft skills and farming techniques The colonies principles of equality, cooperation , and The colonies principles of equality, cooperation , and

religious tolerance eventually became fundamental values religious tolerance eventually became fundamental values of the new American nation of the new American nation

MarylandMaryland 1632 - Maryland 1632 - Maryland

founded by founded by Lord Lord Baltimore Baltimore

Received a land grant Received a land grant from Charles Ifrom Charles I

Wanted a place for Wanted a place for CatholicsCatholics

Colony was named Colony was named after Queen Henrietta after Queen Henrietta MariaMaria

1. Charles’ Queen 1. Charles’ Queen

Carolinas and GeorgiaCarolinas and Georgia Charles II gave 8 Charles II gave 8

supporters land between supporters land between Virginia and Spanish Virginia and Spanish FloridaFlorida

1. Carolina - Feminine form 1. Carolina - Feminine form of Charlesof Charles

1729 - King took over 1729 - King took over Carolina charter and Carolina charter and divided it into North and divided it into North and SouthSouth

1732 Georgia was founded 1732 Georgia was founded to act as buffer between to act as buffer between Spanish and CarolinasSpanish and Carolinas

Founded By Founded By James James OglethorpeOglethorpe

Debtors colony Debtors colony

Middle and Southern Middle and Southern Colonies Colonies

Review QuestionsReview Questions 41. Who was William Penn?41. Who was William Penn? 42. What was a Patroon?42. What was a Patroon? 43. What was the House of Burgesses?43. What was the House of Burgesses? 44. Who was Lord Baltimore?44. Who was Lord Baltimore? 45. What did the King do to the Carolina colony?45. What did the King do to the Carolina colony? 46. Who was James Ogelthorpe?46. Who was James Ogelthorpe? 47. What city used to be known as New Amsterdam?47. What city used to be known as New Amsterdam? 48. How did the Pennsylvania colony view religious 48. How did the Pennsylvania colony view religious

tolerance?tolerance? 49. What did all of the colonies need in order to 49. What did all of the colonies need in order to

prosper?prosper? 50. What group of people founded New Netherland? 50. What group of people founded New Netherland?

Warm-upAug.

125. Who argued that all people are

born with certain natural rights?

A. Thomas HobbsB. Abraham LincolnC. John LockeD. Thomas Jefferson

English Civil War

Between Parliament and the Monarchy Oliver Cromwell – Puritan leader and

commander of the Parliaments Army. Ruled as dictator of England for 20

years. Upon his death no strong leader arose

and the leaders decided to restore the monarchy.

Charles I and Charles II - Restoration