WARM-UP: Can animals communicate with people? On your Warm-Up, write one sentence with

examples if you know any.

• How many of you can speak a second language?• Do you know any sign language?• Animal_Intelligence koko gorilla.asf• http://videos.howstuffworks.com/animal-planet/32942-extraordinary-animals-cerebral-

sea-lion-video.htm

• http://videos.howstuffworks.com/animal-planet/28536-planets-best-dolphin-training-video.htm

Sign language

• commtechlab.msu.edu/Sites/aslweb/browser.htm

• sign language web site

Pretend that you are . . . .

Carlos Linnaeus and you are responsible for making classifying the Animal Kingdom into smaller levels, phylums.

How would you group them?

Work in your groups to put the pictures of animals into groups.

Animals and Science

Intro to Animals Jars o’ animals

Your task today is to observe and describe.

The Jars o’animals are grouped into 9 phyla.

Describe the characteristics (column 1)and list 4 or more of the different animals in each phylum (column 2).

DO NOT write anything in the 3rd column.

Be very careful with these specimen

INVERTEBRATES

• STANDARD S7L1: The diversity of living organisms and how they can be compared scientifically

BASIC BODY PLANS OF INVERTEBRATES

1. Bilateral Symmetry: most animals Examples: butterfly, ant

2. Radial Symmetry Ex: starfish3. Asymmetrical: no symmetry Ex: sponge

NERVOUS SYSTEM OF INVERTEBRATES

• All animals have neurons, EXCEPT SPONGES

• NEURONS: Allow animals to sense their environment; carry messages to control behavior; arranged in networks

• GANGLION: Concentrated mass of nerve cells; each one controls a different part of the body; controlled by a brain in complex invertebrates

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM OFINVERTEBRATES

• GUT: Pouch lined with cells that release chemicals that break down food

• Coelum: In complex invertebrates, bode cavity contains the gut and other organs

SPONGES

• Simplest invertebrates

• No tissues, guts, neurons

• Move 1 mm a day at the most

• Feed on tiny plants & animals

• Food, water, oxygen enter through pores

• Regeneration of broken pieces

• Reproduction: Regeneration & Sexual

• Different sizes and shapes

Porifera - sponges

• Filter feeding aquatic animals• Only three types of tissue, no organs

More on sponges

• ..\..\..\Video Stream\animals\Animal Kingdom and Protists.asx

• ..\..\..\Video Stream\animals\Sponges filter feeding.asx

Cnidarians / Colenderata• Soft bodies with stinging tentacles

Includes: jelly fish, corals

Cnidarianscoral reef 1 min

CNIDARIAN• Poisonous stinging

cells on tentacles• Complex digestive

system• Simple network of

nerves• Regeneration of

broken parts

• 2 Body Plans1. Medua: swims2. Polyp: attaches to

surfaces• Radial Symmetry

Platyhelminthes

Flat wormsOne body opening planarian

Some are parasitic

Includes Planarian, tapeworm

Flatworms• Simplest worm• 3 classes of flatworms1. Planarians

FreshwaterPredators of other animalsWell developed nervous system with a brain

• Flukes• Parasite• Fertilized eggs may

infect drinking water and food supply

• Have special suckers & hooks for attaching to hosts

• Few millimeters long

FLATWORMS

3. Tapeworms• Parasite• Specialized body to be a parasite• Absorbs nutrients from the host

Nematodaround worms

• Soft, long, slender, round bodies• Bilateral symmetry• Simple nervous system with brain• Breaks down dead tissues of plants &

animals • Some parasitic• Hookworms, heartworms

ANNELID WORMS

• SEGMENTED WORMS: Earthworms, Marine worms, Leeches• Bilateral symmetry• Most complex worm• Closed circulatory with a complex nervous

system and brain• Nerve cord connects the brain to ganglion in

each segment• Eats plants and animals

ARTHROPODS

• Largest group of animals on Earth• 75% of all animal species

4 CHARACTERISTICS OF ARTHROPODS

1. Segmented body with specialized parts3 Main Body Parts: head, thorax, abdomen

2, Jointed limbs to allow for movement3. Exoskeleton: covers the outside of the

body and protects the organs4. Well developed nervous system and

brain

NERVOUS SYSTEM OF ARTHROPODS

• Receives information from sense organs, including eyes and bristles

• Some have simple eyes that detect light• Most have compound eyes made of many

identical, light sensitive units that work together

CLASSIFICATION OF ARTHROPODS

• Classified according to the kinds of body parts they have by number of legs, eyes, antennae

• Antennae: a feeler that senses touch, taste, smell

CENTIPEDES and MILLIPEDES

CENTIPEDES• 1 pair of antennae• Hard head• 1 pair of mandibles

(mouthparts that chew food)

• 30 to 354 legs

MILLIPEDS• Up to 752 legs

CRUSTACEANS

• Shrimp, barnacles, crabs, lobsters• Gills for breathing• Mandibles for eating• 2 Compound eyes at the end of an

eyestalk• 2 pair of antennae

ARACHNIDS

• Spiders, scorpions, mites, ticks• 2 Main Body Parts

– Cephalothorax: head and thorax– Abdomen• 4 Pairs of Legs• No antennae• No mandible, but a claw like mouthpart,

chelicerae• Up to 8 simple eyes• Helpful to us—predator to insects

INSECTS

• Largest group of arthropods• 3 Main Body Parts: head, thorax,

abdomen• 6 legs• 2 antennae• Compound eyes • Mandibles• May or may not have 1 or 2 pairs of wings

METAMORPHOSIS

Complete Metamorphosis• Insects change form as

they develop• Examples: butterflies,

beetles, flies, bees, wasps, ants

Incomplete Metamorphosis• Less complicated• 3 Main Stages: egg,

nymph, adult• Molting: nymphs may

shed exoskeleton several times

• Nymph: looks like very small adult, but has no wings

Mollusks

• 3 main groups of soft bodied animals• Gastropods, bivalves, cephlapods• Most have shells that grow

Bivalves

• Bi – Two “two shells”

Gastropod

• Gastro – stomach Pod – foot• “I walk on my stomach”

Cephalopods

• Cephalo – brain• Pods – feet• “Head footed”• ..\..\..\Video Stream\animals\Octopus jeff corbin.asx

Annelidasegmented worms

• Many in soil• Two body openings

And finally . . .

ArthropodsJointed legs, exoskeleton, segmented bodiesIncludes: crustaceans, insects, arachnids

T. T. F.

Put your Intro to Animals WS into your notebookRead the one page of information on the crayfish.Count OffWrite two true statements and one false from the page of informationAfter the lab, answer the bottom and turn in.