Warm Up (Silently being completed at the bell)

Complete the True/False section of the handout “The Seventeenth Century Family”

Religious Conflict Breaks

• “Predestination”– People are sinful. – “Protestant Work Ethic.”

• Did not like the Church of England

• 2 GroupsPuritans/Pilgrams

The Puritans vs. the Pilgrims

• Puritans wanted to reform (“purify”) Church of England.

• Pilgrims were Separatists.– Wanted to break from

Church of England – King James I forced

Separatists out.

The Pilgrims End Their Pilgrimage at Plymouth

• First moved to Holland• Wanted a place with English

traditions and freedom of Religion

• Worked with Virginia Company; set sail on the Mayflower.

• Originally to Virginia, but arrived in New England (1620)

Life for the Pilgrims

• Pilgrims signed the Mayflower Compact– First form of self-government in New England. – 1st Winter: 44 out of the 102 were still alive. – William Bradford elected Gov. [30 yrs]– 1691merged with Massachusetts Bay Colony.

The Bay Colony: Bible Commonwealth

• Puritans given a royal charter in 1629 Became Massachusetts Bay Colony.

• Charter brought to Americaserved as a constitution.

• 11,000 Puritans

• John Winthrop, was elected for 19 years.

Early Democracy in the Bay

• Franchise (right to vote) quickly given to “freemen.”– Freemen were adult men who were members of the

congregation (Congregational Church). – Non-church member men, and ALL women, excluding

from voting. – Belief that the common man was not able to vote wisely.– Wanted to merge church and state

Dissent in the Bay• Anne Hutchinson:

challenged predestination.• Trial 1638, claimed to

receive revelations from God

• BanishedRhode Island (ref to as the “Sewer Colony” chartered 1644)

• Killed by Indians

Dissent in the Bay (Cont.)

• Roger Williams– Questioning the Bay

Colony charter’s legality.– Questioning dealings with

the Indians.– Questioning whether the

church could run people’s lives and the government.

• 1635: banished for “new & dangerous opinions.”

New England Spreads Out

• New colony founded in Hartford, Connecticut in 1635.

• Reverend Thomas Hooker quickly led a group into Connecticut.

• Motivation is farming• 1639, Connecticut settlers

drew up the “Fundamental Orders”

Conflicts with the Native Americas

• In 1637, relations deteriorated when the Pequot War erupted.

• More and more English settlers moved in. • War broke out when whites wiped out a Pequot• The Pequots were nearly wiped out as a tribe.

White—Indians relations had turned for the worse and would largely stay that way.

King Philip’s War

• In 1675,Metacom (called King Philip) attempted to unite local Indian tribes.

• Metacom attacked English villages, usually on the frontier.

• Lasted two years• Beheaded

Seeds of Colonial Unity and Independence

• 1643: New England Confederation was set up. – It consisted of 4 colonies and held the main goal

of defense. – The colonies were Puritan only– The confederation was weak but a large step

toward American unity.

Andros Promotes the First American Revolution

• 1686, Dominion of New England created – to strengthen colonial defense against the

Indians– to regain control by England over America by

enforcing the Navigation Acts. • The Navigation Acts limited American trade to

with the British Empire exclusively. • Resultant, smuggling flourished.

• Sir Edmund Andros headed the Dominion. – He established headquarters in the “trouble-

area” of Boston. – He was openly associated with the Church of

England

Elimination of the Dominion

• Massachusetts gained a new charter• With the new charter, all male property

owners could vote, not church members exclusively.

• This was a step for democracy, but a step backward for the “Bible Commonwealth.”

Complete the Colony Matrix