Warm UpUse notebook paper to answer the following questions:

What invention could you NOT live without?

How would your life be different without it?

Warm UpDesign a T-Shirt on the paper provided

Make it as pretty/handsome as possible.

You must use multiple colors!

You will only have 5 minutes to complete this shirt.

ObjectivesContent: Choose one inventor and

defend why his invention was the most important.

Language: List the 3 inventors and their inventions.

Inventions

The Growth of IndustryAfter the Civil War, the

United States was transformed from an agricultural to an industrial nation.

One reason for growth was new inventions

1.) The Electric Light Bulb (1879)

• Thomas Edison “The Wizard of Menlo Park”•Perfected the light bulb•Also either invented or contributed to the first power plants, phonograph, motion picture projector and the storage battery

http://www.history.com/shows/men-who-built-america/videos/the-rise-of-thomas-edison?m=5189719baf036&s=All&f=1&free=false

Inventions and Innovations

Inventions and Innovations

2.) Telephone Service (1876)

• Alexander Graham Bell•He opened the Bell telephone company the following year

3.) “Model T” (1908) • Henry Ford • Established his first automobile plant

in Michigan. • The Model T sold for $850.00• First to use the assembly linehttp://www.history.com/topics/henry-ford/videos/the-rise-of-henry-ford?m=5189719baf036&s=All&f=1&free=false

Inventions and Innovations

Click icon to add picture

Warm-Up1.If you could move anywhere

in the world, where would you move? Why?

2.Who would you take with you, if anyone? Why/Why not?

ObjectivesContent: Determine if the factors leading to immigration were push or pull.

Language: List the 4 reasons people immigrated to the United States after the Civil War.

IMMIGRATION

What is immigration?

Immigration is the movement of people from one country to another

What is immigration?An immigrant is someone who

comes into another country.

An emigrant is someone who exits their own country.

New Immigration

1880-1920http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uwo4eZ-MF10

Immigrants have been coming to America since the 1600s. But the immigration we are talking about now took place much later! After the 1880’s!

New ImmigrationNew immigration is

the wave of immigration from 1880 to 1920. During this time, 23 million immigrants enter the United States.

The peak decade was 1900 - 1910.

Most “new immigrants” came from southern and eastern Europe.

Immigration was a combination of Push/Pull

factorsPush- reasons they left home country

Crop Failure/Famine Potato famine

Land and Job Shortages

Rising Taxes

Religious and/or Political Discrimination

Disease

Pull- reasons they came to the U.S.

• Freedom

• Join Families

Economic Opportunity

Wealth

Jobs

So why did Immigration increase after the Civil

War?

•Hope for better opportunities•Escape from oppressive government•Adventure•Religious freedom

Because of HEAR!

Warm-UpLook at the picture on your

Passport and choose a:Last and First NameAgeThen subtract the age from 1892

to get a birth year, and choose a birth date.

Home Country: NOT in the U.S.Birthplace: Could be the same

country as your Home Country.

ObjectivesContent: Discover the

difficulties of immigrating to the United States.

Language: Describe the experience of immigrants traveling through Ellis Island.

The Journey…The trip from

Europe to America took two weeks and cost about $30.00

Most immigrants traveled in steerage or 3rd class quarters. The conditions were crowded, filthy, and filled with stench.

Ellis Island

Immigrants from Europe entered the United States at Ellis Island in New York City.

Ellis Island opened in 1892. Here, 5,000 to 10,000 immigrants were processed each day.

Once at Ellis Island…Immigrants had to

pass a physical exam and were interviewed.

Most new immigrants were poor and uneducated. One-third were illiterate (couldn’t read). Almost none could speak English.

http://viewpure.com/ubT-Bm36L2U

What type of source is this?• Primary or Secondary?

Angel IslandImmigrants from Asia entered the

United States at Angel Island in San Francisco, California.

Warm UpFinish the Immigration Chart

using pages #57 and #58.

ObjectivesContent: Create a sensory figure

about the immigrants’ experiences.

Language: Explain the conditions immigrants lived and worked in.

Discrimination Against Immigrants

Many faced ethnic and religious prejudice and discrimination.

1.) Chinese

Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) – Prohibited Chinese workers from entering the United States for 10 years. It was extended many times and lasted until 1943.

Discrimination spread to all Asian immigrants

Why?Competition for gold and jobs

Discrimination Continued2.) Irish• Irish Catholics were thought to be

dirty, stupid, violent, and alcoholic. • They were denied jobs and housing

because of the fact that they were Irish.

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q6Dv0oNfsUM

Where Did The Immigrants Live?

Three-fourths of all new immigrants settled in large cities such as New York and Chicago.

• Immigrants sought out neighborhoods with friends and relatives. • These poor neighborhoods were

called slums, or ghettos.

• Immigrants lived in overcrowded rundown apartments called tenements.

Eight or more people would share two rooms.

There was rarely plumbing or heating

There were few windows, hallways had water puddles. There was filth and stench everywhere.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UxxSV1F-sM4

http://www.tenement.org/immigrate/

• The immigrants worked wherever they could get jobs: mines, factories, and railroads.

Immigrant Labor

• Sweatshops• Crowded factories where men and

women labored for 15-18 hours a day.

• They were dark, damp, poorly ventilated, stench filled, and either extremely hot or extremely cold.

•Life in America was often as difficult as the life they had left behind.•Immigrants faced unemployment, early death, industrial accidents, and typhoid.

Warm UpComplete the Critical Thinking

Chart Questions #1-3

#5 – Use your notes or Immigration Chart to explain why the numbers have changed so much for China and/or Japan.

Warm UpComplete the Critical

Thinking Chart Questions

ObjectivesContent: Label major cities with

what they produced.

Language: List 3 challenges during the Industrial Revolution and explain the solutions.

The Rise of Cities

Immigration and The growth of Industry

Why Cities Grew 3 reasons

1. ABILITY – The United States was changing from a rural to an urban nation (People were leaving the farm and moving to the city)

2. LABOR - Huge rise in immigration to America led to an abundance of cheap skilled and un-skilled worker

3. JOBS - Factories provide jobs where immigrants would have to work in dangerous and low paying jobs.

• Ex 1: Steel Mills of Pittsburgh

• Ex 2: Meat Packing plants of Chicago and Kansas City

• The Jungle – by Upton Sinclair, was a tell all book exposing the gross conditions in meatpacking plants

UrbanizationIndustry and cities

Cities became major centers for business and industry

For example:

1. New York City, Boston and Philadelphia were manufacturing centers.

2. New England states were textiles – a type of cloth or woven fabricEx: Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Connecticut,

Rhode Island, Vermont, and Maine

3. Pittsburgh was steel (The Steelers)

4. Detroit was automobiles (The Pistons)

5. Chicago was meatpacking (The Bulls)

Immigration and The growth of Industry

Rapid industrialization and urbanization led to overcrowded immigrant neighborhoods

1. Tenements – a run-down, dirty apartment building.

3 Challenges2. Ghettos/slums – part of a city that contains poor and rundown neighborhoods3. Political Corruption - the use of power by government officials for private gain

Solutions1.) Settlement Houses – provided medical care, playgrounds, nurseries and libraries. Also had classes in English, Music and the Arts• Located in poorer neighborhoods• Ex: Hull House, Founded by Jane Addams

2) YMCA and YWCA - Recreation center for inner city kids

23rd Street YMCA, 1897 Metropolitan Champions

3.) Political machines – group that controls the activities of a political party • Gained power by helping new immigrants• Would provide housing and jobs in exchange for

votes!

Click icon to add picture

Objectives:• Content: Compare and contrast the Captains of Industry

• Language: List the Captains and which industry each was responsible for.

Rise and Prosperity of Big

BusinessThe captains of industry

What led to the rise of big business?

1.) National markets (people willing to buy products) are created by transportation advances

Railroads

Automobiles

2.) Advertising

3.) Lower cost of production

4.) The Captains of Industry

Cornelius VanderbiltCaptain of Shipping and Railroads-Made his fortune by consolidating several small railroad companies into one big empire

John D. RockefellerCaptain of OIL

- Created the Standard Oil Trust (1882)- Refined oil to make kerosene and gasoline- Monopoly – total control of a type of

industry by one person or one company

Andrew CarnegieCaptain of Steel

- Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania became steel capital of the U.S.- Created Carnegie Steel Company (1900)

Growth of Industry (summary)

Lots of raw materials and energy CoalOil

Large work force due to massive immigration

Inventions and the Captains of Industry

The Railroads Could move goods all over the country