Wars of the Elizabethan Era

By Kimi Devey

The English War with Spain from 1585 - 1603 The Wars in Ireland The Tyrone Rebellion, also known as the Nine

Years War from 1594 - 1603

3 Main Wars

Started due to various conflicts surrounding the wealth

and power to be gained from trade from the New World Elizabeth was excommunicated by the Pope so the

fanatical Catholics in Spain saw a war and the conquest of England as a religious crusade

The escapades of the Elizabethan seamen, or pirates, included attacking Spanish vessels and taking any gold and silver and the English did nothing to stop it

August 8, 1588 - The Spanish Armada of 132 ships is defeated by the English fleet of 34 ships and 163 armed merchant vessels under Lord Howard of Effingham, Sir Francis Drake, and Sir John Hawkins

English War with Spain

In 1603 the war with Spain officially ended.

King James I issued a decree that all acts of piracy must cease

Aftermath:

The War in Ireland (Desmond Rebellion) sought to control

Munster which was instigated by the Catholic Earl of Desmond dynasty - the Fitzgerald family of Desmond

The power, influence and religion of the Catholic Irish Lords was challenged by the English

The first rebellion started in 1569 and lasted until 1573 when hundreds of Irish rebels were executed by Drury, the new Lord President of Munster

Following the excommunication of Queen Elizabeth I in 1570 the Pope had ruled that Irish Catholics did not owe allegiance to Protestant England

The Earl of Desmond was betrayed by the O'Moriartys who received 1000 pounds of silver from the English government

Desmond Rebellion

Terrible famine in Munster The Desmond clan was defeated The vast Desmond estates were allocated to

the English who had fought in the war

Aftermath:

The Nine Years war was led by Hugh O’Neill,

the Earl of Tyrone The war started because the increased power

of the English who had settled in Ireland and their threat to Ulster

Irish people believed that Queen Elizabeth and all Protestants were heretics

In 1599 the Earl of Essex travelled to Ireland with over 17,000 English troops

Tyrone Rebellion (Nine Years War)

In 1601 Essex returned to England and

mounted his own rebellion against Queen Elizabeth. On 25th February 1601 Robert Devereux the Earl of Essex was executed on Tower Green

24 March 1603 - Queen Elizabeth I dies and James I of England, James VI of Scotland is proclaimed King

The Irish surrendered, on good terms, to the new English monarch just one week after the death of Queen Elizabeth

Tyrone Rebellion (part II)

O’Neill, O’Donnell and the others who survived

the Ulster had been granted to return back to their estates but they fled anyway

The war ended with defeat for the Irish, which led to the exiles in the Flight of the Earls

Aftermath:

http://

www.nlwg.org.uk/members/miker/campaign_renaissance.asp

http://www.elizabethan-era.org.uk/elizabethan-war.htm

http://www.highcascade.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/Pirate-Ship.jpg

http://www.fredhoogervorst.com/photo/26892/ http://www.irishgathering.ie/html/desmond.ht

m www.spiritus-temporis.com http://

www.theflightoftheearls.net/CD_Large.jpg

Sources