© IJSR Publications

Wastewater Engineering: Advanced

Wastewater Treatment Systems

ii

Wastewater Engineering: Advanced Wastewater

Treatment Systems

ISSN: 2322-4657

DOI 10.12983/1-2014-03-01

© IJSR Publications, Penang, Malaysia,

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PREFACE

As the global population grows and many developing countries modernize, the importance of

water supply and wastewater treatment becomes a much greater factor in the welfare of nations.

Clearly, in today’s world the competition for water resources coupled with the unfortunate

commingling of wastewater discharges with freshwater supplies creates additional pressure on

treatment systems. Recently, researchers focus on wastewater treatment by difference methods

with minimal cost and maximum efficiency.

This volume of the Wastewater Engineering: Advanced Wastewater Treatment Systems is a

selection of topics related to physical-chemical and biological processes with an emphasis on

their industrial applications. It gives an overview of various aspects in wastewater treatments

methods including topics such as biological, bioremediation, electrochemical, membrane and

physical-chemical applications. Experts in the area of environmental sciences from diverse

institutions worldwide have contributed to this book, which should prove to be useful to

students, teachers, and researchers in the disciplines of wastewater engineering, chemical

engineering, environmental engineering, and biotechnology. We gratefully acknowledge the

cooperation and support of all the contributing authors.

Hamidi Abdul Aziz

Amin Mojiri

Professor, School of Civil Engineering,

Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia,

cehamidi@usm.my

Research Assistant, School of Civil Engineering,

Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia,

amin.mojiri@gmail.com