Watan July-September-10. F doc · vqn julfeI- sqMbr 2010 - 2 sMprk suKvMq huMdl [email protected] 604-595-5767 sfDUibinMg [email protected] 604-437-9014

vqn

julfeI- sqMbr 2010 - 1

vqn www.watanpunjabi.ca

julfeI-sqMbr 2010

sMpfdk: suKvMq huMdl, sfDU ibinMg

sihXogI: hrpRIq syKf, pfl ibinMg

ies aMk ivwc sPf sMprk 2 kivqfvF iqwqlIaF jhy bol zf: gurbKsL BMzfl 3

do kivqfvF sfDU ibinMg 3

do gjLlF pfl iZwloN 5 prdf jo AuWT igaf POj aqy vfqfvrn df nuksfn suKvMq huMdl 6 khfxI prCfvyN hrpRIq syKf 19 lVIvfr nfvl DrqI Dn nf afpxf jgdIsS cMdr 24

XfdF dy JroKy `coN iksmq gurmIq kuibsyk (anuvfd: joigMdr sLmsLyr) 35

lyK myrf sfihqk ipCokV kulvMq isMG ivrk 40 purfxf sfihq pVHidaF nfvl axivafhI mF bfry iek itwpxI sfDU ibinMg 45

qFik snd rhy pfsL aqy hirMdr isMG virafm isMG sMDU 47

mihbUb suirMdr DMjl pusqk jfxpCfx 48

srgrmIaF pMjfbI klmF df kfPlf trFto kulivMdr KYrf 52 pRqIkrm hrkMvljIq sfihl 54

iPlm irvIAU istI afP golz suKvMq huMdl 55

vqn


sMprk

suKvMq huMdl [email protected] 604-595-5767

sfDU ibinMg [email protected] 604-437-9014

hrpRIq syKf [email protected] 604-599-4986

pfl ibinMg [email protected] 778-889-8255

icwTI/pwqr Byjx df pqf: 13286 - 55 A Ave., Surrey, BC, Canada, V3X 3B3

_________________________________________________________________________

kfpIrfiet noits

ijhVI ilKq dy aMq ivwc ieh noits idwqf igaf hY ik “ies ilKq dy kfpIrfeIt lyKk dy hn”, Aus ilKq nUM iksy hor jgh Cfpx qoN pihlF lyKk koloN iejfjLq lYxf jLrUrI hY[

aijhy noits qoN ibnF CpIaF ilKqF nUM dUsrIaF pRkfsSnfvF ivwc Cfipaf jf skdf hY, pr Cfpx smyN vqn df hvflf dyxf jLrUrI hY[ - adfrf vqn

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vqn ivc CpIaF rcnfvF nfl vqn df sihmq hoxf jLrUrI nhIN, ivcfr lyKkF dy inwjI hn[ vqn dy pihlF rih cuwky aqy mOjUdf ahudydfr afnryrI hn[

Opinions expressed are of the individual writers and may not necessarily reflect the policies of Watan.

All officeholders and members of Watan, past and present, have been and are honorary associates.

__________________________________________________________________________

kImq

aOnlfeIn www.watanpunjabi.ca muPq[

ipRMitz kfpI iewk aMk: 5 zflr

sflfnf cMdf zfk rfhIN (isrP AuWqrI amrIkf leI): 25 zflr

afpxy cYWk suKvMq huMdl jF hrpRIq sfrf dy nF bxfAu[

_______________________________________________________________________

pfTkF dy nF

ijvyN qusIN jfxdy ho ik asIN hr iqMn mhIinaF bfad vqn df nvF aMk aploz krky Aus bfry AuhnF pfTkF nUM eI-myl rfhIN sUcnf Byjdy hF ijhnF dy eI-myl aYzrs sfzI eI-myl ilst ivwc sLfml hn[ jy qusIN vqn afnlfeIn pVHdy ho pr quhfnUM ies dy aploz hox bfry sUcnf nhIN imldI qF qusIN sfnUM afpxf eI-myl aYzrs jLrUr Byjo[ asIN quhfnUM hr iqMn mhIinaF bfad vqn df nvF aMk aploz krky Aus bfry sUcnf ByjFgy[ ies nfl quhfnUM vqn dy nvyN aMk dy aploz hox bfry jfxkfrI imlygI aqy sfnUM ieh pqf lwgygf ik sfzy pfTkF df Gyrf ikMnf ku vwzf hY[ qusIN afpxI eI myl iehnF piqaF AuWqy Byj skdy ho: [email protected] jF [email protected]; jF [email protected]. eI-myl ivwc isrP eynf hI ilKo: Please add my name to the Watan Please add my name to the Watan

mailing list .mailing list . !

vqn


iqwqlIaF jhy qoqly bol

zf: gurbKsL isMG BMzfl

? qoqly bol kMDF `qy icwpk gey kmrf Gr bx igaf[ ? bjLurg dI AuNgl PVH bwcf GroN bfhr inkilaf inwky inwky kdm pYVF isrjx `c msrUPL ho gey[ ? pfeIp PV ky bUitaF nUM pfxI idMdf bwcf kudrq dI sMjIvnI bUtI[ ? bwcy ny izigaf Puwl cuwk ky pfxI dy glfs `c Dr idqf mihk ny iPjLf mihkf idqI[ ? iqwqlIaF iqwqlIaF dy ivhVy `c bYT rMgF df sqsMg krn lwgIaF kul kfienfq afrqI Auqfrn lwgI[ ? bwcy ny jUTI burkI mF dy mUMh `c pfeI KMz-imsLrI sLgn mnfvx afeI[ ? bwcf

jy bwcf hY qF kI ey Auh suwky ibrKF nUM pfxI pfAuNdf ey izwgy PuwlF nUM plosdf ey aqy kumlfeI zozI dyK iek hMJU AusdI awK ivc ltk jFdf ey bwcf bwcf ju hoieaf[ ? bwcf ibrK koloN hiraflI df Byq Puwl koloN mihk df Qhu-itkfxf aqy iqwqlI koloN rMgF df isrnfvF pqf krdf krdf Kud bgIcI df Puwl bx jFdf ey[

!!

do kivqfvF

sfDU ibinMg myrf vYnkUvr myrf vYnkUvr

dunIaF Br dy sohixaF sLihrF `coN sohxf myrf vYnkUvr myrf vYnkUvr sLFq-mhF sfgr dIaF CwlF PryjLr dIaF lihrF grfAUs dIaF cotIaF sohxf hY vYnkUvr ienHF kfrn pr ienHF kfrn hI nhIN hr pfsy sdIvI ihrfvl rMg iKMzfAuNdy ruwK vyl bUty vYnkUvr dy husn nUM inKfrdy sohxf hY ieh ienHF krky pr ienHF kfrn hI nhIN myrf vYnkUvr sohxf hY eyQy vsdy aslI iensfnF kfrn

vqn


jo munkr ny iksy vI iksm dy iKaflI rwb qoN nhIN rgVdy mwQy Auh iksy gurU jF pIr awgy nf iksy Bgvfn nUM pUjdy nf iksy hYvfn qoN zrdy nf sfDF sMqF dIaF cOkIaF Brdy nf iksy nUM muslf kih ky vwZdy nf iksy nUM ihMdU kih koNhdy nf iksy nUM bwsF `coN kwZ mfrdy nf iksy nUM ijLMdf jlfAuNdy bs KusL ny iensfn ho ky iensfn df hI iPkr krdy Auh sihMdy nhIN dunIaF dy iksy vI kony `c busLF dIaF bursLfgrdIaF hr jMg qy jMgvfdI dy iKlfP sLFqI mfrc krdy vYnkUvr nUM AunHF bhuq dyr pihlF bxf `qf sI inAUklIar-PrIa-jLon ieh sunihrI idlF vfly lok JIlF nUM dirafvF nUM PuwlF nUM phfVF nUM sikaF vFg imldy qy afpixaF vFg sFBdy mYnUM sohxy lokF `coN sohxf sdf jfpy Bgq isMG afpxf mfx mwqf nfsqk mnuwKI hwkF df XoDf ieh sfry lok sohxy mYnUM jfpdy Bgq isMG vrgy iensfn bx ky iensfn leI ijAUNdy ieh lok vYnkUvr nUM sohxf bxfAuNdy ienHF krky hI sohxf hY myrf vYnkUvr myrf vYnkUvr

dunIaF Br dy soohixaF sLihrF `coN sohxf myrf vYnkUvr myrf vYnkUvr

!!

vYnkUvr df sunihrf idn

inwGI inwGI Duwp imwTI imwTI hvf inrml inafrf idn cVHy BfvyN kdy kdy pr cVHy vYnkUvr hI aYqvfr sI bVf kuJ sMBv sI spYinsL, ieMgilsL jF vYnkUvr dI iksy hor mnmohxI bIc `qy bYiTaf, lyitaf, nwisaf Bwijaf jf skdf sI grfAus jF sukfimsL vfly cIP `qy cVH mfxy jf skdy sn nwcdI kudrq dy adBuwq njLfry stYnlI, ikAUn-eI jF iksy hor hiraflI pfrk `c brnbI, zIar jF iksy hor JIl kMZy kYpilafno jF iksy hor pwQrF `c Kyldy diraf kol GuMimaF, iPiraf, rlL ky KfDf pIqf jf skdf sI sLihr dIaF anykF afrt gYlrIaF `c, ajfieb GrF `c kwiZaf jf skdf sI susq ijhf gyVf jF Gr dy bfhr Duwpy bYT hwQ lY ikqfb imilaf jf skdf sI tflstfey, sLykspIar vfirssSfh, isLv jF pfsS nUM pr cwl pey hF krn kql inrml inafry qy inhfieq hI ipafry idn nUM irsSqydfrF dy `KMzpfT `c mUMh idKfAux hr sfl dI qrHF krnI sI

vqn


ipMz mfl zMgr dI rfKI leI ardfs bhuq hI inwGy qy XfrF dy Xfr bMdy swdy `qy nf jfxf sMBv nf AuNj ardfs qF inrf bhfnf ipMz qF hux koeI mfl zMgr vI nf bs gurdvfry dI kmytI `qy cODr leI jLrUrI ny sfl `c iek do `KMzpfT Krcy zflr tYks `coN vfips kmytI KusL, gurU KusL qy nfl eI KusL rwb hr qrHF ivMn ivMn iscUeysLn AuNj bMdy isafxy ny sfrI gwl smJdy ny peI rwb ny bMdf nhIN bMdy ny bxfieaf sI rwb sgoN GVy sn anykF rwb loV sI kuJ zrF `qy kfbU pfAux dI mOq, nHyrf, axjfxIaF sLYaF vwKrIaF loVF leI isrijaf sI hux vwKrIaF loVF leI rwKdy hF ijLMdf pYsy qy cODr vfly ZFcy `c bVy hI kMm dI sLYa hY rwb AuNj Gr `c rwKy KMzpfT df kMm eynf mfVf nhIN huMdf iek awD gOx vflf iek awD isafsI lIzr sfrf cwkr do ku vjy qwk Kqm Pyr qF awDI rfq qwk cwldIaF ny mIt qy dfrU nfl gwpF jfxkfrF dIaF cuglIaF isafsI lIzrF dIaF cusqIaF KRIdy vycy GrF dy Gfty vfDy hiQafxXog qIvINaF dy crcy sohxy sunwKy idn df kI af ieh qF afAuNdy jFdy eI rihMdy ny AuNj vI ieh dunIaF qF supnf awgy leI vI kuJ bIjxf bcfAuxf cfhIdf[ !!

(bI sI dy sLihr vrnn ivwc rihMdy kvI pfl iZwloN df gjLl sMgRih “KMinEN iqwKf sPLr’ huxy ijhy Cipaf hY[ asIN AunHF dI ies pusqk nUM jIa afieaF afKdy hF aqy Aus ivwcoN do gjLlF pfTkF leI pysL krdy hF[)

do gjLlF

pfl iZwloN

Auh afpxy afp nUM ies ivwc smfAux dy leI afeI mYN dyKI hY smuMdr qIk cl ky iek ndI afeI

purfxI sI qF lgdf sI nvIN afvygI kuJ cMgI nf idisaf PLrk koeI vI nvIN jd dI sdI afeI

Auzfieaf kI bnyry qoN mYN glqI kr leI BfrI nhIN muV ky imry Gr ivc kdy iPr Auh icVI afeI

pqf sB nUM ik KLlkq nUM dgf hY lIzrF dyxf mgr votF smyN soJI iksy nUM vI nhIN afeI

mYN Aus nUM GoiKaf, piVHaf qy prKI cfl iPr qiraf imry rsqy `c jd vI sLUkdI hoeI ndI afeI

AunHF nUM kI pqf nHyry `c ikMnf drd qy mfqm ijnHF ihwsy ibnf mMgy hI ‘iZwloN’ rOsLnI afeI !

Puwl kI PuwlF qoN vI ibhqr imly ijLMdgI ivwc ijhVy vI imwqr imly

Es nUM imlxf cfhuMnF ies qrHF iek ndI nUM ijs qrHF sfgr imly

ieh ajy qF aflHxy df bot hY ieh vI Auz jfeygf ijs idn pr imly

Aus qrHF df hI ikhf hr isLar mYN ijs qrHF dy pOx `coN awKr imly

Gr bxfvFgf mYN Esy hI jgHf ijs jgHf `qy Drq qy aMbr imly

iqVk jfxy sLIisLaF dy sfry KLfb sLIisLaF nUM ijs jgHf pwQr imly

!!

vqn


sQfeI kflm

prdf jo AuWT igaf (ies kflm ivwc Auh jfxkfrI dyx dI koisLsL kIqI jFdI hY, ijhVI muwK Dfrf dy mIzIey ivwc nhIN imldI jF hfsSIey AuWpr Dwk

idwqI jFdI hY[ )

POj aqy vfqfvrn df nuksfn

suKvMq huMdl [email protected]

ies smyN DrqI dy vfqfvrn nUM ho rhy nuksfn dI smwisaf iek bhuq vwzI smwisaf bx ky sfhmxy af rhI hY[ vwzI pwDr AuWqy ieh vI mMinaf jf cuwkf hY ik DrqI AuWpr vfpr rhIaF mnuwKI srgrmIaF ies smwisaf nUM idno idn hor zUMGf kr rhIaF hn[ dunIaf dy AuWc kotI dy ivigafnIaF vwloN ieh ikhf jf irhf hY ik jy mnuwKI srgrmIaF vwloN vfqfvrn nUM phuMcfey jf rhy nuksfn nUM roikaf nf igaf qF nyV BivwK ivwc DrqI df ivnfsL ho jfx dI sMBfvfnf qoN ienkfr nhIN kIqf jf skdf[ ies leI jLrUrI hY ik asIN ies smwisaf nUM cMgI qrHF smJIey aqy ies dy hwl leI afpxI afpxI pwDr `qy afpxI smrQf anusfr ikRafsLIl hoeIey[ ies smwisaf nUM cMgI qrHF smJx aqy ies bfry ikRafsLIl hox leI jLrUrI hY ik asIN ies dy vwK vwK pihlUaF nUM GoKIey aqy ivcfrIey[ ies smwisaf dy AuhnF pihlUaF nUM jfxn dI Kfs koisLsL krIey ijhnF bfry jfxkfrI afm nhIN imldI[ ies smwisaf dy ivakqIgq pwDr dy kfrnF aqy hwlF nUM jfxn dy nfl nfl AuhnF kfrnF nUM vI afpxI jfxkfrI df ihwsf bxfeIey ijhnF df sMbMD sfzy awj dy afriQk, isafsI aqy smfjk pRbMD nfl hY[ aijhf krky hI asIN ies smwisaf dy shI aqy pfeydfr hwl lwBx ivwc afpxf Xogdfn pf skFgy[ ies lyK df mksd aijhy hI iek muwdy vwl iDafn idvfAuxf hY jo sfzy afriQk aqy isafsI pRbMD nfl bwJf hoieaf hY[ ieh muwdf hY POj aqy ies dIaF kfrvfeIaF dI vfqfvrn nUM nuksfn phuMcfAux ivwc BUimkf? ieh BUimkf dyKx leI asIN vfqfvrn ivwc grIn hfAUs gYsF aqy ryzIEaYkitv smwgrI dy PYlfAux ivwc POj dI BUimkf; bfrUdI surMgF (lYNzmfeInjL) dy ivCfAux nfl vfqfvrn nUM hox vfly nuksfn; hiQafrF dy Auqpfdn aqy sMBfl dOrfn vfqfvrn df nuksfn; aqy jMg dOrfn jMglF df nuksfn krn ivwc POj aqy Aus dIaF kfrvfeIaF dI BUimkf AuWqy njLr mfrFgy[ vfqfvrn ivwc grIn hfAUs gYsF PYlfAux ivwc POj dI BUimkf: vfqfvrn ivwc mOjUd grIn hfAUs gYsF (kfrbn zfieaOksfeIz, imQyn, nfietrs aOksfeIz aqy Plorokfrbn afid) sUrj dI grmI nUM DrqI dy vfqfvrn ivwc afAux qF idMdIaF hn pr Aus nUM pUrI qrHF vfqfvrn ivwcoN bfhr nhIN inklx idMdIaF[ bysLwk ieh gYsF vfqfvrn ivwc kudrqI qOr AuWqy vI huMdIaF hn pr DrqI AuWqy vfpr rhIaF mnuwKI srgrmIaF kfrn vfqfvrn ivwc iehnF gYsF dI mfqrf vwD rhI hY[ nqIjy vwjo DrqI df qfpmfn vwD irhf hY ijs nUM ivigafnIaF ny “globl vfrimMg” df nF idwqf hY[ ivigafnIaF anusfr qfpmfn dy ies vfDy nfl DrqI AuWqy afAux vflIaF kudrqI afPqF ivwc vfDf ho skdf hY aqy DrqI Auqly jIvn df Kfqmf vI ho skdf hY[ mnuwKI srgrmIaF ivwcoN iek srgrmI ijhVI iek grIn hfAUs gYs - kfrbnzfieaOksfeIz - nUM pYdf krn ivwc vwzI BUimkf inBf rhI hY Auh hY: sfzy vwloN afpxIaF AUrjf loVF leI Pfisl iPAUl (pYtrol, qyl, kolf, gYsF afid) dI vwzI pwDr AuWqy vrqo[ amrIkf dI ienvfiermYNtl pRotYksLn eyjMsI anusfr gwzI ivwc bly pYtrol dI iek gYln vfqfvrn ivwc 8.8 iklogRfm jF 19.4 pONz kfrbnzfieaOksfeIz PYlfAuNdI hY aqy zIjLl dI iek gYln vfqfvrn ivwc 10.1 iklogRfm jF 22.2 pONz kfrbnzfieaOksfeIz PYlfAuNdI hY[ (1) iehnF qwQF nUM iDafn ivwc rwKidaF hux asIN ieh dyKFgy ik POjI kfrvfeIaF dOrfn ikMnf ku qyl bldf hY aqy ieh bilaf qyl grInhfAUs gYsF nUM vfqfvrn ivwc PYlfAux ivwc ikwzI ku vwzI BUimkf inBfAuNdf hY[ aYnrjI builtn ivwc sohbq kfrbUjL dy Cpy iek afrtIkl anusfr 30 sqMbr 2005 nUM amrIkf dI eyarPors dy 5, 986 hvfeI jhfjL srivs ivwc sn[ sMn 2006 dy sLurU ivwc amrIkf dI nyvI kol lVfeI ivwc vrqy jfx vfly aqy shfiek

vqn


285 smuMdrI jhfjL sn aqy 4000 dy krIb EprysLnl eyarkrfPt (hvfeI jhfjL aqy hYlIkOptr) sn[ sMn 2005 dy aKIr ivwc amrIkf dI afrmI kol 28,000 bkqrbMd gwzIaF df PlIt sI ijhnF ivwc aYbrYmjL tYNk aqy brYzlI PfeIitMg ivhIkljL vrgIaF gwzIaF sLfml sn[ iehnF qoN ielfvf amrIkf dI afrmI aqy mYrIn kOrps kol 1, 40,000 hfeI-moibltI mltIprpjL vIlz ivhIkljL sn[ ies dy nfl nfl afrmI kol 4000 jMgI hYlIkOptr aqy keI sO ivMg eyarkrfPt sn[ iehnF dy nfl amrIkf dy izpfrtmYNt afP izPYNs kol kfrF, bwsF, hlky trwkF afid vrgIaF 1, 87, 493 gwzIaF hn[(2) dI grIn jLon: dI ienvfiermYNtl kOsts afP imltrIjLm dy lyKk bYrI sYNzrjL anusfr amrIkf dI afrmI, nyvI aqy eyar Pors kol 43 qrHF dy lVfky jhfjL (PfeItr plynjL), 11 qrHF dy hmlfvfrI jhfjL (atYk plynjL), 13 qrHF dy bMbfr jhfjL (bMbrjL), 16 qrHF dy Bfr Zox vfly jhfjL (kfrgo plynjL) aqy nON vwK vwK iksmF dy hYlIkOptr hn[ ies dy nfl nfl imltrI dy AuWc aPsrF dI vrqoN leI amrIkf dI POj kol eyar moibltI kmFz jF ey aYWm sI nF dI afpxI eyarlfeIn hY[ ies qoN ielfvf POj dy jrnYlF aqy aYzmfierlF dI inwjI vrqoN leI imltrI kol 71 lIar jYWt, 13 glPstrIm iqMn aqy 17 sYsnf sfeItysLn lgjLrI jYWt hn[(3) amrIkn POj dIaF ieh msLInF ikMnf ku qyl KFdIaF hn aqy ikMnI ku kfrbnzfieaOksfeIz vfqfvrn ivwc CwzdIaF hn, ies bfry bYrI sYNzrjL ny afpxI ikqfb ivwc bhuq ivsQfr nfl iliKaf hY[ Aus ivwc kuwJ jfxkfrI pfTkF nfl sFJIaF krdy hF[ sB qoN pihlF amrIkn afrmI vloN huMdI qyl dI Kpq bfry kuwJ qwQ:

* aYbrYm tYNk iek mIl df Pfslf qih krn leI 5 gYln qyl KFdf hY[ ies tYNk dy trbfeIn nUM stfrt krn leI hI 10 gYln qyl lwg jFdf hY[ lVfeI dOrfn, sOKy Drfql AuWqy ieh tYNk GMty df 252 gYln qyl (jy pI-8 jYWt iPAUl) Kf jFdf hY[ iewQy not krn vflI gwl hY ik jy pI -8 jYWt iPAUl afm pYtrol dy mukfbly ijLafdf kfrbnzfiekaOksfeIz Cwzdf hY[ tYNkF dI iek izvIjLn, ijs ivwc 348 tYNk huMdy hn, pUry iek idn ivwc 5 lwK gYln qyl Cwk jFdI hY[ iek smyN amrIkI POj dy ierfk ivwc 1848 aYbrYm tYNk sn aqy POj AuhnF sfiraF nUM cwldf rwKx dI koisLsL krdI sI[ ies df arQ ieh hoieaf ik ierfk ivwc qfienfq ieh tYNk iek idn ivwc 26.5 lwK gYln dy krIb qyl Kpq krdy sn[ amrIkn ienvfiermYNtl pRotYksLn eyjMsI anusfr iek pirvfrk kfr aOsqn sfl ivwc 500 gYln qyl KFdI hY[ ies df Bfv ieh hoieaf ik ijMnf qyl 1000 kfrF sfl ivwc KFdIaF hn, Aunf qyl aYbrYm tYNkF dI iek izvIjLn iek idn ivwc Kf jFdI hY[ * afrmI df apfcI hYlIkOptr iek gYln jYWt iPAUl nfl awDf mIl kwZdf hY[ iek rfq dI ryz ivwc apfcI btflIan dy hYlIkoptrF df iek joVf 60,000 gYln jYWt iPAUl Kf jFdf hY[ (4)

amrIkn nyvI vwloN kIqI jFdI qyl dI Kpq df afpxf hI aMdfjL hY[ sMn 1991 ivwc amrIkn nyvI dy iek eyarkrfPt kYrIar XU. aYWs. aYWs ieMzIpYNizt dI qyl dI Kpq bfry ies dy rih cuwky iek kmFzr ny ies qrHF ibafn kIqf sI:

vIaqnfm dy smuMdrI qwt nyVy qfienfq ieh jhfjL rojL df 1,00000 gYln qyl KFdf hY[ hr cMhu idnF bfad ieMzIpYNizt 10 lwK gYln qyl lYNdf sI - ijs ivwcoN awDf qyl ies AuWprly jYWt jhfjL Kpq kr idMdy sn[ 14 idnF ivwc Pfrs dI KfVI (prsLIan glP) qwk phuMcx leI ieh smuMdrI jhfjL 20 lwK gYln qoN vwD qyl Kf jfvygf[ Pfrs dI KfVI ivwc isrP KVHf KVHf hI ieh jhfjL, hr rojL 3 lwK 80 hjLfr gYln pfxI sfP krn leI aqy 40,000 lokF dI vsoN vfly iek sLihr dI loV ijMnI ibjlI pYdf krn leI vwzI mfqrf ivwc qyl Kf jfvygf[ (5)

kuwl imlf ky amrIkn nyvI kol 13 eyarkrfPt kYrIar hn[ bysLwk XU. aYWs. aYWs. ieMzIpYNizt nUM amrIkn nyvI ny sMn 1998 ivwc 48 sflF dI vrqoN qoN bfad irtfier kr idwqf sI (6) pr ies dI qyl dI Kpq bfry Auprokq ibafn qoN sihjy hI aMdfjLf lfieaf jf skdf hY ik amrIkn nyvI dy dUsry eyarkrfPt kYrIar ikMnI vwzI mfqrf ivwc qyl dI Kpq krdy hoxgy[ amrIkf dI eyarPors POj dIaF sfrIaF sLfKfvF qoN vwD qyl dI Kpq krdI hY[ies bfry kuwJ AudfhrnF ies pRkfr hn:

* sMn 2006 ivwc eyarPors ny 2.6 arb gYln jYWt iPAUl vriqaf sI[ eyarPors dy vwzy hYlIkOptr iek mIl ipwCy 5 gYln qyl KFdy hn[ pr qyl dI ieh Kpq eyar Pors dy lVfky jhfjLF vwloN KfDy jFdy qyl dy mukfbly kuwJ vI nhIN[ Audfhrn leI aYWP-4 PYNtm PfeItr iek GMty ivwc 1600 gYln qyl KFdf hY[ aYWP-15 iek GMty ivwc 1580 gYln qyl KFdf hY aqy aYWP-16 iek GMty ivwc 1680 gYln qyl KFdf hY[ asIN dyK skdy hF ik ijMnf qyl iek pirvfrk kfr iqMnF sflF ivwc KFdI hY, Aunf jF Aus qoN vwD qyl ieh PfeItr jhfjL iek GMty ivwc Kf jFdy hn[

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jdoN iksy lVfky jhfjL nUM suprsOink spIz (avfjL dI rPqfr, 1236 iklomItr pRqI GMtf, nfloN vwD spIz) `qy AuzfAuxf huMdf hY qF pfielt leI jhfjL dy afPtrbrnrF nUM cflU krnf jLrUrI hY[ ies nfl jhfjL dI spIz iqMn guxF qwk ho skdI hY aqy qyl dI Kpq 20 guxF vwD jFdI hY[ jdoN aYWP-15 lVfky jhfjL dy afPtrbrnr cflU huMdy hn qf ieh iek sikMt ivwc cfr gYln Bfv iek GMty ivwc 14, 400 gYln qyl KFdf hY[ eyarPors df bI-52 bMbfr jhfjL afPtrbrnrF qoN ibnF iek GMty ivwc 3334 gYln qyl KFdf hY[ ieh jhfjL 10 imntF ivwc Aunf qyl Kf jFdf hY ijMnf aOsqn qyl iek pirvfrk kfr sfl ivwc KFdI hY[ jy bI-52 bMbfr jhfjL dI vrqoN lMmy smyN leI krnI hovy qF ies ivwc asmfn ivwc dubfrf qyl pfAuxf pYNdf hY[ amrIkn eyarPors ky sI-135 strYtotYNkr aqy ky sI-10 aYkstYNzr nfmI jhfjL asmfn ivwc dUsry jhfjLF ivwc qyl pfAux leI vrqdI hY[ ky sI-10 aYkstYNzr dy qyl stor krn dI smrwQf 60,000 gYln hY[ ijMnf qyl ieh jhfjL stor kr skdf hY Aus nfl iek pirvfr aOsqn qOr AuWqy 120 sflF leI afpxI kfr clf skdf hY[ not krn vflI gwl ieh hY ik amrIkn eyar Pors kol 94 bI-52 aYWc bMbfr jhfjL hn[ (7L)

AuNJ qF eyarPors dI qyl dI Kpq bfry Auprly qwQ kfPI jfxkfrI dy idMdy hn pr asIN ies sMbMD ivwc iek hor jfxkfrI pfTkF nfl sFJI krnI cfhFgy[ ieh jfxkfrI jMg dy dOrfn eyarPors dy bMbfr jhfjLF vwloN zkfry jFdy qyl nfl sMbMDq hY[

* jdoN 7 akqUbr 2001 nUM amrIkf ny aPgfinsqfn AuWqy hvfeI hmlf kIqf qF ies hmly ivwc nyvI aqy eyarPors dy bI-2, aYWP-14, aYWP/ey-18, bI-52 bMbfr afid jhfjLF ny ihwsf ilaf[ nyvI dy jhfjLF ny afpxy insLfny qoN 500 mIl dUr arb sfgr ivwcly eyarkrfPt kYrIar qoN aqy eyarPors dy jhfjLF ny ihMd mhF sfgr ivcly eyarbys zIgo gfrsIaf qoN Auzfxf BrIaF[ hor lVfky jhfjLF ny Pfrs dI KfVI (prsLIan glP) ivwcoN AuzfxF BrIaF[ zIgo gfrsIaf qoN AuzfxF Brn vfly jhfjLF ny 12-15 GMty dy smyN leI AuzfxF BrIaF aqy 5,500 mIl dy nyVy qyVy sPr kIqf[ Xfd rhy ik iek bI-52 bMbfr jhfjL iek GMty ivwc 3334 gYln jYWt iPAUl KFdf hY, ies leI 12-15 GMty dI PlfeIt dOrfn hr iek bI-52 bMbfr jhfjL ny 40000-50,000 gYln dy nyVy qyl KfDf[ Aus rfq dy hvfeI hmly ivwc 10 bI-52 bMbfrF ny ihwsf ilaf[ ijs df arQ hY ik iekwly bI-52 bMbfr jhfjF ny hI Aus iek rfq ivwc 5,00,000 gYln qyl KfDf[ (8)

ies dy nfl jy asIN dUsry bMbfr jhfjLF, Pfrs dI KfVI ivwc KVHy nyvI dy eyarkrfPt kYrIar jhfjLF, aqy asmfn ivwc jhfjLF nUM qyl splfeI krn vfly jhfjLF vwloN KfDy qyl dI mfqrf vI joV leIey qF ies hvfeI hmly dOrfn hr iek rfq ivwc Kpq hoey kuwl qyl dI mfqrf bI-52 bMbfr jhfjLF vwloN KfDy qyl dI mfqrf nfl ikqy ijLafdf vwD jFdI hY[ iewQy Xfd rwKx vflI gwl ieh vI hY ik 7 akqUbr 2001 nUM sLurU hoieaf ieh hvfeI hmlf keI idn cwldf irhf sI[ so ies hmly dOrfn ikMnI kfrbnzfieaOksfeIz vfqfvrn ivwc geI hovygI, ies df aMdfjLf pfTk afp hI lf skdy hn[ ies hI qrHF jdoN 19 mfrc 2003 nUM amrIkf vwloN ierfk AuWqy hmlf kIqf igaf qF Aus rfq bgdfd AuWpr hmlf krn leI 1700 hvfeI jhfjLF ny ihwsf ilaf ijhnF ivwc bMbfr, lVfky aqy hor keI qrHF dy jMgI jhfjL sLfml sn[(9) iehnF jhfjLF ny ikMnf qyl KfDf hovygf aqy ikMnI kfrbnzfieaOksfeIz vfqfvrn ivwc CwzI hovygI ies dI klpnf pfTk afp kr skdy hn[ amrIkI POj dIaF kuwJ vwK vwK msLInF vloN Kpq kIqy jFdy qyl dI mfqrf bfry pVH ky mn ivwc ieh svfl AuWTxf suBfvk hI hY ik amrIkn POj sfl ivwc ikMnf qyl Kpq krdI hY[ bYrI sYNzrjL anusfr amrIkf dI POj hr rojL 10 lwK bYrl qyl Kpq krdI hY aqy hr rojL 40 kroV pONz jF do lwK tMn dy brfbr grInhfAUs gYsF vfqfvrn ivwc PYlfAuNdI hY[ jy asIN sfl df ihsfb lfeIey qF amrIkf dI POj hr sfl 146 arb pONz jF 7 kRoV 30 lwK tMn kfrbn vfqfvrn ivwc PYlfAuNdI hY[(10) nysLnmfstr.kfm AuWpr 2007 dy ihsfb anusfr dunIaF dy vwK vwK dysLF vloN qyl dI rojLfnf Kpq dy aMkVy idwqy gey hn[ iehnF aMkiVaF anusfr dunIaF dy isrP aTfrF dysL aijhy hn jo hr rojL ds lwK bYrl nfloN vwD qyl Kpq krdy hn[ kRmvfr ieh dysL hn: amrIkf, cIn, jfpfn, rUs, Bfrq, jrmnI, brfjLIl, knyzf, sfAUdI arbIaf, dwKxI korIaf, mYksIko, PrFs, ieMglYNz, ietlI, ierfn, spyn aqy ieMzonysLIaf[ (11) ies df arQ ieh hoieaf ik amrIkf dI POj iehnF dysLF qoN ibnF dunIaF dy hor iekwly iekwly dysL nfloN vwD qyl Kpq krdI hY aqy ies kfrn AuhnF dysLF qoN vwD kfrbnzfieaOksfeIz vfqfvrn ivwc PYlfAuNdI hY[ ies dy nfl hI iek hor qwQ not krn vflf hY ik iek pirvfrk kfr sfl ivwc 10 hjLfr pONz dy brfbr dI kfrbnzfieaOksfeIz vfqvrn ivwc PYlfAuNdI hY[ ies ihsfb nfl amrIkf dI imltrI iek sfl ivwc AunI kfrbnzfieaOksfeIz vfqfvrn ivwc CwzdI hY ijMnI kfrbnzfiekaOksfeIz 1 kroV 46 lwK kfrF sfl ivwc CwzdIaF hn[

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vfqfvrn ivwc ryzIEaYkitv smwgrI PYlfAux ivwc POj dI BUimkf: ipCly kuwJ sflF dOrfn sfhmxy afeIaF vwK vwK irportF qoN ieh gwl sfP hoeI hY ik amrIkf aqy Aus dIaF BfeIvfl POjF ny ierfk aqy aPgfinsqfn ivwc aqy nYto dIaF POjF ny kOsvo ivwc aijhy hiQafrF dI vrqoN kIqI hY ijhnF ivwc izplIitz XurynIam vriqaf igaf sI[ jdoN kudrqI XurynIam nUM prmfxU ibjlI pYdf krn vfly rIaYktrF ivwc bflx leI iqafr (ienirwc) kIqf jFdf hY qF Aus aml dOrfn bfeI pRozkt (rihMd KUhMd) dy rUp ivwc izplIitz XUrynIam pYdf huMdf hY[ ieh XurynIam bhuq Kqrnfk pwDr qwk ryzIEaYkitv huMdf hY[ pr ies dI iek KUbI ieh vI hY ik ieh tYNkF aqy kMkrIt dy moricaF nUM bhuq sOiKaF hI qoVH skdf hY[ pYNtfgn dy afpxy sLbdF ivwc, ijs qrHF “iek grm cfkU mwKx nUM kwtdf hY” (12) Aus qrHF izplItz XurynIam tYNkF aqy hor POjI bkqrbMd gwzIaF nUM kwtdf hY[ ies leI ipCly kuwJ dhfikaF dOrfn POj ny ies nUM bMbF, imjLfielF aqy goilaF ivwc vrqxf sLurU kr idwqf hY[ jdoN izplIitz XurynIam dy isry vflf golf jF imjLfiel iksy tYNk jF kMkrIt dy morcy nfl vwj ky Pwtdf hY qF ieh bhuq AuWcy qfpmfn AuWqy bldf hoieaf iek awg df BFbV pYdf krdf hY[ AuWcy qfpmfn kfrn ieh tYNk dI motI cfdr jF morcy dI keI mItr motI kMkrIt dI qih nUM pfVdf hoieaf afpxy sMprk ivwc afAux vflI hr cIjL nUM rfK ivwc qbdIl kr idMdf hY[ XurynIam aOksfeIz nfl BrpUr ieh rfK bhuq hI ryzIEaYkitv huMdI hY aqy hvf nfl AuWz ky keI mIlF qwk jf skdI hY, sfh lYx nfl mnuwKI srIr aMdr dfKl ho skdI hY, bUitaF aqy drwKqF aqy jfnvrF vloN jjLb kIqI jf skdI hY aqy sfzIaF Kfx pIx dIaF vsqF df ihwsf bx skdI hY[ DrqI ivwc jjLb hox qoN bfad ieh DrqI hyTly pfxI ivwc rl skdI hY aqy Aus ivwc XurynIam dI imkdfr nUM sYNkVy guxF vDf skdI hY[ (13) iek vfr vfqfvrn ivwc PYlx qoN bfad izplItz XurynIam vfqfvrn ivwc arbF sfl rihMdf hY ikAuNik ies dI “hfP-lfeIP” 4.5 arb sfl hY[ vfqfvrn qoN mnuwKI srIr ivwc phuMicaf izplItz XurynIam mnuwKF `qy keI qrHF dy mfrU asr pfAuNdf hY[ ies nfl kYNsr ho skdI hY[ ies dI mfr hyT afey mfipaF dy jMmx vfly bwcy apMg pYdf ho skdy hn[ ies nfl mnuwK dy aMdrly aMg PylH ho skdy hn aqy ivakqI ivwc eyzjL vrgy lwCx pYdf ho skdy hn[ (14) ipCly kuwJ sflF dOrfn jMgF ivwc amrIkI aqy Aus dIaF BfeIvfl POjF ny ikMnf ku izplItz XurynIam vfqfvrx ivwc PYlfieaf hY? ies bfry vwK vwK irportF ivwc idwqI jfxkfrI ivwcoN kuwJ aMkVy sLfml hn[ dfhr jmyl anusfr sMn 2003 dy hmly dOrfn amrIkf aqy brqfnIaf dIaF POjF ny ierfk ivwc 1700 tMn qoN vwD izplItz XurynIam vriqaf sI aqy 1991 dI KfVI dI jMg (glP vfr) dOrfn 320 tMn izplItz XurynIam vriqaf igaf sI[ (15) bYrI sYNzrjL anusfr sMn 1991 dI KfVI jMg smyN amrIkI POjF AuWqy bMdsLF sn ik Auh izpiltz XurynIan dI vrqoN mfrUQl ivwc mnuwKI vsoN qoN dUr hI kr skdIaF sn[ pr 2003 dI ierfk dI jMg dOrfn ies qrHF dIaF bMdsLF nhIN sn[ nqIjy vjoN ies vfr POj vloN izplItz XurynIam dI vrqoN vsoN vfly ielfikaF ivwc vI kIqI geI[(16) ilAurYn morYt anusfr sMn 2001 ivwc aPgfinsqfn ivwc 800 qoN 1000 tMn izplItz XurynIam vriqaf igaf sI[ (17) ierfk aqy aPgfinsqfn ivwc izplItz XurynIam dI vrqoN AuWQoN dy lokF dI ishq AuWpr bhuq hI mfrU asr pf rhI hY[ ierfk bfry CpIaF bhuq sfrIaF irportF aqy aiDan ieh drsfAuNdy hn ik ierfk dIaF dovyN jMgF qoN bfad AuWQoN dy lokF ivwc kYNsr dI bImfrI bhuq ijLafdf vwD geI hY[ ierfk dI klfkfrf aqy lyKkf nuhf al rfdI dI zfierI (bgdfd zfierIjL) ivwcoN kuwJ sLbd ies siQqI df ies qrHF ibafn krdy hn:

jfpdf hY ik hr koeI kYNsr nfl mr irhf hY[ hr rojL iksy dosq jF imwqr dy mrn dI Kbr suxn nUM imldI hY[ hspqflF ivwc hor ikMny lok mrdy hn ijhnF nUM asIN nhIN jfxdy[ jLfhrf qOr `qy 30 PIsdI qoN vwD ierfkI lokF nUM kYNsr hY, aqy bhuq sfry bwicaF nUM lkImIaf[ amrIkf dy bMbF kfrn ipwCy rih gey XurynIam ny ierfk nUM kYNsr pIVq dysL bxf idwqf hY[ afAux vfly sYNkVy sflF dOrfn izplItz XurynIam ierfk aqy ies dy afly duafly dy ielfikaF ivwc afpxf kihr vrqfAuNdf rhygf[(18)

PrvrI 2010 ivwc aljjLIrf dy vYWbsfeIt AuWpr Cpy iek afrtIkl ivwc jlfl gfjLI ilKdf hY ik bgdfd dy dwKx dy sUby bfibl ivwc 2004 ivwc kYNsr dI bImfrI dy 500 kys sn aqy sMn 2009 ivwc iehnF kysF dI igxqI 9082 qwk phuMc geI sI[ ies hI qrHF sMn 2005 ivwc ierfk dy sLihr bsry ivwc kYNsr dy 1885 kys sn aqy sMn 2007 ivwc ieh igxqI 3071 ho geI sI[ AuWQoN dy kYNsr nfl sMbMDq sYNtr dy zfierYktr df kihxf hY ik hux hr mhIny 1250 qoN 1500 kYNsr dy mrIjL Aus dy sYNtr ivwc afAuNdy hn[(19) iehnF ielfikaF dy vfqfvrn ivwc izplItz XurynIam dy PYlx kfrn AuWQoN dy lokF ivwc isrP kYNsr dI bImfrI hI nhIN vwD rhI sgoN AuWQy jMmx vfly bwcy vI apMg pYdf ho rhy hn[ sMn 2004 ivwc amrIkf dIaF POjF ny PlUjf AuWpr bhuq vwzI bMbfrI kIqI sI[ nqIjy vwjoN ies smyN AuWQy jMmx vfly 25 PIsdI bwicaF ivwc koeI nf koeI gMBIr ivgfV huMdf hY[ (20) iek hor irport anusfr dwKxI ierfk ivwc bhuq sfry aijhy bwcy pYdf ho rhy hn ijhnF dy idmfg nhIN hn, ijhnF dy aMdrUnI

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aMg srIr dy bfhr hn, keI bwicaF dy jxn-aMg nhIN hn, keIaF dy rIV dIaF hwzIaF nhIN hn[ ierfk ivwc jMmx vfly bwicaF ivwc koeI gMBIr ivgfV hox df eynf vwzf Kqrf hY ik afm qOr `qy bwcy dy jnm `qy mfvF ieh nhIN puwCdIaF ik bwcf muMzf hY jF kuVI sgoN ieh puwCdIaF hn ik bwcy ivwc koeI ivgfV qF nhIN[ (21) aPgfinsqfn dy ijhnF ielfikaF ivwc vI izplItz XurynIam vfly bMbF dI vrqoN kIqI geI sI, AuhnF ielfikaF ivwc vI keI qrHF nfl apMg bwcy pYdf ho rhy hn[ aPgfn izplItz XurynIam aqy rIkvrI PMz dy zfierYktr zf: dfAud imrfkI df kihxf hY ik pwCmI aqy dwKxI-pwCmI aPgfinsqfn ivwc jMmx vfly bwicaF ivwcoN keIaF dy awKF nhIN huMdIaF, keIaF dy hwQ-pYr nhIN huMdy aqy keIaF dy mUMhF aqy awKF ivwc bfhr nUM vDIaF hoeIaF rsOlIaF huMdIaF hn[ (22) bysLwk amrIkI POj vwloN ieh mMnx qoN ienkfr kIqf jf irhf hY ik ierfk aqy aPgfinsqfn ivwc lokF ivwckfr ies qrHF dIaF bImfrIaF dy vfDy aqy iehnF dysLF dIaF jMgF dOrfn vrqy gey izplItz XurynIam df koeI sMbMD hY, pr bhuq sfry lok aqy zfktr ieh dfavf kr rhy hn ik iehnF dohF df iswDf sMbMD hY[ ijvyN pihlF ikhf jf cuwkf hY ik iek vfr vfqfvrn ivwc PYilaf XurynIam afAux vfly hjLfrF sflF qwk rihMdf hY, ies leI ieh nqIjf kwZxf koeI glq nhIN ik bysSwk ieh jMgF Kqm vI ho jfx aqy ivdysLI POjF iehnF dysLF qoN bfhr vI af jfx, iPr vI iehnF dysLF dy lok vfqfvrn dy ies pRdUsLn kfrn afAux vfly lMmy smyN qwk duwK Jldy rihxgy[ bysLwk iewQy asIN amrIkf aqy Aus dy BfeIvflF vwloN izplItz XurynIam vfly hiQafr vrqx dIaF AudfhrnF hI idwqIaF hn pr kYNpn agyNst izplItz XurynIam dy iek lIPlYWt anusfr ies smyN dunIaf ivwc 18 dysLF kol ieh hiQafr hn[ ieh dysL hn: XU.ky., amrIkf, PrFs, rUs, cIn, grIs, qurkI, QfeIlYNz, qfievfn, iejLrfiel, bihrIn, imsr, kuvyq, sfAUdI arbIaf, ihMdusqfn, bYlrUs, pfiksqfn aqy Emfn[ sfP hY ik iehnF dysLF vwloN ieh hiQafr vrqy jfx dI sMBfvnf sdf bxI rhygI[ iehnF dysLF ivwc bhuiqaF nUM ieh hiQafr amrIkf vwloN vycy gey hn pr XU. ky., PrFs aqy pfiksqfn ny ieh hiQafr afpxy qOr AuWqy iqafr kIqy hn[ (23) bfrUdI surMgF (lYNz mfeInjL) aqy vfqfvrn df nuksfn XUnIvristI afP kYlyPornIaf dy eIkoisstm sfieMsjL izvIjLn nfl sMbMDq ey. ey. brHy anusfr ies smyN dunIaf Br ivwc DrqI hyT ivCfeIaF geIaF bfrUdI surMgF (lYNz mfeInjL) dI igxqI 8-12 kRoV dy ivckfr hY[ ieh bfrUdI surMgF cfr mhFdIpF- aPrIkf, amrIkf, eysLIaf aqy XUrp - dy 90 dysLF dI DrqI hyT ivCIaF peIaF hn[ iehnF ivwcoN keI dysLF ivwc bfrUdI surMgF dI igxqI bhuq hI Kqrnfk pwDr qwk phuMcI hoeI hY[ Audfhrn leI kMbozIaf aqy bOsnIaf dy hr iek nfgirk dy ihwsy DrqI hyT ivCfeI iek iek bfrUdI surMg afAuNdI hY[ aPgfinsqfn, ierfk, kroeysLIaf, iertIrIaf aqy suzfn dy hr do nfgirkF dy ihwsy iek iek bfrUdI surMg afAuNdI hY[ iehnF bfrUdI surMgF kfrn dunIaf ivwc hr hPqy 800 lok mfry jFdy hn aqy 1200 dy krIb lok apfhj bxdy hn[ (24) DrqI hyT ivCIaF ieh bfrUdI surMgF isrP eynI vwzI igxqI ivwc lokF nUM mfrdIaF jF apfhj hI nhIN bxfAuNdIaF sgoN ieh vfqfvrn nUM vI gMBIr nuksfn phuMcfAuNdIaF hn[ bfrUdI surMgF kfrn vfqfvrn nUM hox vflf sB qoN vwzf nuksfn ieh hY ik iehnF kfrn DrqI df bhuq sfrf ihwsf vrqoN ivwc nhIN ilaFdf jf skdf[ jy jLmIn dy iksy tukVy ivwc iek vI bfrUdI surMg ivCfeI hox df Kqrf hovy qF Auh sfrf tukVf vriqaf nhIN jf skdf[ iek aMdfjLy anusfr bfrUdI surMgF kfrn ies smyN dunIaF Br ivwc 9 lwK vrg iklomItr (9 kroV hYktyar) DrqI vrqoN dy aXog ho geI hY jF nuksfnI geI hY[ ilibaf dI 8.9 PIsdI KyqIXog jLmIn, iertIrIaf dI 5 PIsdI DrqI ivwc bfrUdI surMgF ivCIaF hoeIaF hn, ijs dy nqIjy vwjoN ies DrqI ivwc KyqI nhIN kIqI jf skdI[ (25) bOsnIaf dy kuwl KyqrPl dy 3.6 PIsdI ihwsy (1820 vrg iklomItr) ivwc bfrUdI surMgF ivCfeIaF hoeIaF hn, ies leI eynI DrqI vrqoN qoN bfhr hY[ (26) ihAUmn rfeIts vfc dI iek irport anusfr aPgfinsqfn ivwc 72 kroV 40 lwK vrg mItr DrqI bfrUdI surMgF dI mfr hyT hY[ieh bfrUdI surMgF sfbkf sovIaq XUnIan dIaF POjF, nfrdrn alfieMs ijhVy hux XUnfietz PrMt dy nF nfly jfxy jFdy hn aqy amrIkf dy imwqr hn afid vwloN ivCfeIaF geIaF hn[ nfrdrn alfieMs nUM ieh bfrUdI surMgF awsIivaF ivwc amrIkf vwloN idwqIaF geIaF sn[ ieh bfrUdI surMgF pyNzU aqy sLihrI ielfikaF ivwc cfrgfhF, KyqIXog jLmInF, isMcfeI pRbMDF, irhfiesLI ielfikaF, sVkF aqy rsiqaF ivwc ivCfeIaF geIaF hn[(27) KyqIXog jLmIn ivwc bfrUdI surMgF dy ivCy hox nfl AuhnF dysLF dy KyqI-Auqpfdn ivwc kmI afAuNdI hY ijhnF dysLF ivwc bfrUdI surMgF dI smwisaf bhuq gMBIr hY[ brHy sMn 2000 ivwc Cpy iek aiDan dy hvfly nfl ilKdf hY ik jy aPgfinsqfn, kMbozIaf, bOsnIaf aqy mojLMbIk ivwc bfrUdI surMgF nf huMdIaF qF sMn 2000 ivwc jMg qoN pihlF dy Auqpfdn dy mukfbly aPgfinsqfn ivwc KyqI Auqpfdn 88-200 PIsdI, kMbozIaf ivwc 135 PIsdI, bOsnIaf ivwc 11 PIsdI aqy mojLMbIk ivwc 3.6 PIsdI vwD skdf sI[ ies dy nfl hI brHy aPrIkf dy sb-shfrf ielfky dI siQqI bfry ihsfb lf ky dsdf hY ik jy dunIaF Br ivwc bfrUdI surMgF kfrn KyqI dy Xog nf rih geI 9 lwK vrg iklomItr DrqI dy cOQy ihwsy ivwc hI bfrUdI surMgF

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nf huMdIaF aqy ieh jLmIn vfhI aDIn huMdI qF Aus ivwcoN pYdf hox vfly anfj nfl sb-shfrf ielfky dy 16 lwK lokF nUM sfl Br leI Kfxf iKlfieaf jf skdf sI[ (28) iek vfr ijhVI DrqI ivwc bfrUdI surMgF ivC jfx, Aus DrqI nUM sfP krky dubfrf vrqoN Xog bxfAuxf bhuq aOKf aqy mihMgf kMm hY[ ies leI bfrUdI surMgF vflI DrqI vfly dysLF dy lokF nUM bfrUdI surMgF dy nqIjy sYNkVy sflF qwk Bugqxy pYxgy[ Audfhrn leI iek bfrUdI surMg nUM ivCfAux df Krcf 3 zflr afAuNdf pr Aus nUM lwB ky DrqI qoN bfhr kwZx df Krcf 300 - 1000 zflr dy ivckfr hY[ jy bfrUdI surMgF ivCfAux df kfrj iek dm pUrI qrHF bMd vI kr idwqf jfvy qF hux qwk ivCfeIaF jf cuwkIaF bfrUdI surMgF nUM htfAux leI 33 arb zflr Krc afAuxgy aqy ijMny lok ies kMm ivwc lwgy hoey hn aqy iehnF nUM htfAux leI ijs qrHF dI qknOlojI mOjUd hY, Aus dy ihsfb nfl dunIaf ivwc hux qwk ivCfeIaF jf cuwkIaF bfrUdI surMgF nUM htfAux leI 1100 sfl lwgxgy[(29) hiQafrF dy Auqpfdn aqy sMBfl dOrfn vfqfvrn df nuksfn hiQafrF dy Auqpfdn, sMBfl, murMmq aqy Zoaf-ZuafeI dOrfn vwzI pwDr AuWqy jLihrIly pdfrQ pYdf huMdy hn aqy vfqfvrn df nuksfn krdy hn[ ies sMbMD ivwc asIN jIv-ivigafnk (bfieElOjIkl), rsfiexk (kYmIkl) aqy prmfxU (inAUklIar) hiQafrF dy sMbMD ivwc kuwJ AudfhrnF dyK skdy hF[ iPjIsLn Pfr globl srvfeIvl (kYnyzf) leI sMn 2004 ivwc iqafr kIqI afpxI irport ivwc abIr mjId ilKdf hY ik dUjI sMsfr jMg dy aKIr `qy qkrIbn qkrIbn Aus lVfeI ivwc ihwsf lYx vfly hr vwzy dysL df afpxf afpxf bfieElOjIkl hiQafr bxfAux df pRogrfm sI[ ieh hiQafr bxfAux vflIaF aqy iehnF hiQafrF nUM tYst krn vflIaF QFvF ajy vI bImfrIaF dy BMzfr hn[ mjId ny afpxI irport ivwc amrIkf, sfbkf sovIaq XUnIan, XU. ky. aqy jfpfn dIaF muwK QFvF dI ilst idwqI hY[ Aus anusfr amrIkf ny 6 bfieElOjIkl eyjMtF df hiQafrF ivwc iesqymfl kIqf sI aqy 23 hor eyjMtF AuWqy Koj kIqI sI[ (iewQy eyjMt qoN Bfv hY koeI vI aijhf bYktIrIaf jF vfiers jF jLihrIlf pdfrQ ijs dI jMg ivwc bfieElOjIkl hiQafr vjoN vrqoN kIqI jf sky[) sfbkf sovIaq XUnIan ny 10 bfieElOjIkl eyjMtF df hiQafrF ivwc iesqymfl kIqf sI aqy 16 hor eyjMtF AuWqy Koj kIqI sI[ XU. ky. ny aYNQrYks df hiQafrF ivwc iesqymfl kIqf sI aqy ies qoN ibnF plyg, tfeIPfeIz aqy bOtUiln tOkisn AuWqy Koj kIqI sI[ jfpfn ny 8 bfieElOjIkl eyjMtF df hiQafrF ivwc iesqymfl kIqf sI aqy 9 hor eyjMtF AuWqy Koj kIqI sI[ (30) jnyvf siQwq ieMtrnYsLnl pIs ibEro vwloN sMn 2002 pRkfsLq kIqy iek aiDan “dI imltrIjL ieMpYkt afn dI ienvfiermYNt: ey nYglYktz aYspYkt afP dI sstynybl izvYlpmYNt irport” ivwc dfavf kIqf igaf sI ik amrIkf kuwJ aijhy PMgI (AuWlIaF) aqy vfiersF AuWqy Koj kr irhf sI ijhVy aPIm, zoizaF, BMg aqy kokf dy bUitaF df nfsL kr skxgy[ iehnF vfiersF nUM AuhnF QFvF AuWqy vrqx dI Xojnf sI ijwQy aPIm, zoizaF, BMg aqy koky dI gYr-kfnUMnI KyqI kIqI jFdI hY[ amrIkf kolMbIaf aqy brmf vrgy dysLF AuWqy iehnF vfiersF dI vrqoN krn leI jLor pf irhf sI[ ies aiDan ivwc ieh iPkr jLfhr kIqf igaf sI ik amrIkf vwloN aijhf krn nfl bfieElOjIkl hiQafrF dI vrqoN bfry aMqrrfsLtrI mnfhIaF dy kmjLor hox aqy mnuwKI ishq aqy vfqfvrn nUM nuksfn hox df vwzf Kqrf hY[ aiDan anusfr jy iehnF PMgI (AuWlIaF) dI vrqoN kIqI geI qF AuhnF AuuWqy kMtrol krnf bhuq musLikl hovygf aqy Auh vrqoN dy afpxy imwQy ielfky qoN bfhr jf ky vfqfvrn dI pRdUsLnqf df kfrn bx jfxgy[(31) bfieElOjIkl hiQafrF dy Auqpfdn qoN ibnF iehnF nUM sMBflx aqy iehnF nUM nsLt krn smyN vI vfqfvrn dy pRdUsLn df Kqrf bixaf rihMdf hY[ ies sMbMD ivwc sfbkf sovIaq XUnIan vwloN aYNQrYks nUM DrqI hyT dwbx dI Audfhrn dyKI jf skdI hY[ sMn 1988 ivwc sovIaq XUnIan dy ivigafnIaF ny sYNkVy tMn aYNQrYks stynlYWs stIl dy ZolF ivwc pf ky arl smuMdr dy iek tfpU - vojLrodIinaf afeIlYNz - AuWpr 11 toieaF ivwc dwb idwqI sI[ ies aYNQrYks nUM DrqI hyT dwbx qoN pihlF ZolF ivwc ies AuWpr blIc pfieaf igaf sI qFik aYNQrYks dy bIjfxUaF nUM nsLt kIqf jf sky[ sMn 1999 ivwc jdoN Aus QF dI imwtI dy tYWst kIqy gey ijwQy ieh aYNQrYks dwbI geI sI qF tYWstF dy nqIijaF qoN pqf lwigaf sI ik iek dhfky bfad vI aYNQrYks dy keI bIjfxU ijLMdf sn[ iehnF nqIijaF nUM dyKidaF AujLyibksqfn aqy kjLfKsqfn (ijhnF do dysLF df Aus smyN ies tfpU `qy kMtrol sI) dy mfhrF ny iPkr jLfhr kIqf sI ik jy ieh jIvq bIjfxU iksy qrIky nfl AuhnF dI DrqI AuWqy phuMc jfx qF Auh iehnF dysLF dy visLMidaF leI ishq nUM Kqrf bx skdy hn[ (32) bysLwk sMn 1997 ivwc lfgU hoeI kYmIkl vYpnjL knvYnsLn (sI zbilAU sI) anusfr rsfiexk (kYmIkl) hiQafrF dy Auqpfdn aqy jMg ivwc AuhnF dI vrqoN `qy mnfhI hY iPr vI iek lMmF smF dunIaf dy vwK vwK dysL iehnF hiQafrF df Auqpfdn krdy rhy hn aqy ies smyN dOrfn ieh hiQafr bxfAux vflIaF QFvF vfqfvrn ivwc pRdUsLn PYlfAux df kfrn bxdIaF rhIaF hn[ ies sMbMD ivwc amrIkf dy sUby kOlrYzo ivwclI QF rOkI mfAUNtyn arsnl dI Audfhrn dyKI jf skdI hY[ nrv gYs dy hiQafr bxfAux vflI ies QF AuWpr1950ivaF qoN bfad hjLfrF tMn jLihrIly pdfrQF df BMzfr rwiKaf

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igaf sI[ pihlF pihl hiQafrF dy Auqpfdn dOrfn pYdf hox vflI rihMd-KUhMd nUM AuNJ hI hiQafrF dI PYktrI dI QF AuWpr suwt idwqf jFdf irhf[ iPr jdoN ieh pqf lwgf ik ies rihMd KUhMd ivwcly kwuJ jLihrIly pdfrQF ny irs ky DrqI hyTly pfxI nUM pRdUsLq kr idwqf hY aqy ies pfxI nfl isMjIaF PslF qbfh hox lwgIaF hn qF ies rihMd KUMhd nUM DrqI hyT 2.5 mIl zUMGf bor kr ky suwtxf sLurU kr idwqf[ aijhf krn dy pihly pMj sflF dOrfn hI 16 kRoV 50 lwK gYln rsfiexk aqy bfieElOjIkl rihMd KUhMd DrqI hyT suwt idwqI geI[ (33) iek smyN amrIkf ivwc rsfiexk aqy bfieElOjIkl hiQafr bxfAux dIaF 150 lYbfrtrIaF sn[ (34) rOkI mfAuNtyn ivclI QF bfry AuWpr dwsy aMkiVaF nUM iDafn ivwc rwKidaF asIN sihjy hI aMdfjLf lf skdy hF ik smuwcy amrIkf ivwclIaF 150 lYbfrtrIaF kfrn ikMnI ku jLihrIlI rihMd KUMhd vfqfvrn ivwc suwtI geI hovygI[ rsfiexk hiQafrF dy Auqpfdn dOrfn vfqfvrn dy pRdUsLn dI siQqI sfbkf sovIaq XUnIan ivwc vI amrIkf vrgI hI sI[ Audfhrn leI sfbkf sovIaq XUnIan df sLihr jLYrihMsk rsfiexk hiQafr Auqpfdn df kyNdr irhf sI aqy Aus sLihr dy vfqfvrn ivwc zfieaOkisn dI mfqrf dunIaF Br ivwcoN sB qoN ijLafdf sI[ (35) zfieaOkisn iek aijhf jLihrIlf rsfiex (kYmIkl) hY jo kYNsr rog df kfrn hox dy nfl keI hor ZMgF nfl mnuwKI ishq nUM nuksfn phuMcf skdf hY[ rsfiexk hiQafrF nUM nsLt krn df kfrj vfqfvrn nUM dUisLq krn ivwc vwzf rol inBfAuNdf hY[ dUjI sMsfr jMg qoN lY ky swqrivaF dy sLurU qwk rsfiexk hiQafrF nUM nsLt krn leI AuhnF nUM smuMdr ivwc suwt idwqf jFdf sI[ sMn 1945 qoN lY ky sMn 1970 qwk rsfiexk hiQafrF nUM smuMdr ivwc suwtx dIaF 100 qoN vwD GtnfvF vfprIaF sn[ ies smyN dOrfn arkitk mhFsfgr dy isvfey hr iek mhFsfgr ivwc rsfiexk hiQafr suwty gey[ (36) sMn 1945-48 dOrfn amrIkf ny dUjI sMsfr jMg dy Kfqmy qoN bfad jrmnI qoN kbjLy ivwc kIqy 32,000 tMn rsfiexk hiQafr smuMdr ivwc suwty[ ies hI smyN dOrfn brqfnIaf ny 1, 75000 tMn rsfiexk hiQafr smuMdr ivwc suwty ijhnF ivwc 1,00000 tMn skftlYNz qoN sn aqy bfkI dy jrmn qoN kbjLy ivwc ley gey sn[ sMn 1955-57 dOrfn brqfnIaf ny 25000 tMn hor rsfiexk hiQafr smuMdr ivwc suwty ijhVy Aus ny jrmnI qoN afpxy kbjLy hyT ley sn[ (37) ies hI qrHF dUjI sMsfr jMg qoN bfad sovIaq XUnIan ny gotlYNz aqy bOrnhOlm afeIlYNz dy nyVy dy smuMdr ivwc 30,000 tMn rsfiexk hiQafr suwty sn[ (38) vwK vwK irportF/aiDanF ivwc vwK vwK sRoqF qoN lY ky idwqy aMkVy iek dUsry nfl myl nhIN KFdy, ies leI pwky qOr AuWqy ieh kihxf bhuq musLikl hY ik ikMny rsfiexk hiQafr smuMdr ivwc suwty gey hn[ ieh jfx lYxf hI kfPI hY ik dunIaF dy vwK vwK dysLF vwloN lwKF tMn rsfiexk hiQafr dunIaF dy vwK vwK smuMdrF ivwc suwty gey hn[ smuMdrF ivwc suwty iehnF rsfiexk hiQafrF dy smuMdrI vfqfvrn aqy jIv jMqUaF AuWqy iks qrHF dy asr pey hn, ies bfry pwkf pqf nhIN ikAuNik ies bfry bhuq Gwt Koj hoeI hY[ kI ieh hiQafr lMmf smF smuMdr ivwc rih ky Krfb ho ky lIk krn lwg skdy hn jF nhIN, iehnF hiQafrF ivwc vrqy rsfiexk pdfrQ pfxI ivwc iks qrHF dI pRiqikRaf krngy, ies bfry vI koeI spsLt irportF/aiDan nhIN hn[ POjF vloN rwKy jFdy Byd kfrn nf hI smuMdrF ivwc AuhnF sfrIaF QFvF bfry pqf hY ijwQy ijwQy rsfiexk hiQafr suwty gey sn[ pr smuMdr ivwc suwty hiQafrF dy lIk hox dIaF kuwJ irportF jLrUr imldIaF hn[ abIr mjId anusfr sMn 1985 aqy 1995 ivckfr zwc mCyiraF ny 350 qoN vwD kysF bfry irportF kIqIaF sn jdoN bflitk smuMdr ivwc suwty gey rsfiexk hiQafrF ivwcoN kuwJ AuhnF dy mwCIaF PVHn vfly jflF ivwc Ps ky AuWpr af gey sn[(39) ies hI qrHF aYzrIaYitk smuMdr ivwclI bfrI hfrbr ivwc suwty rsfiexk hiQafrF ivwcoN mstrz gYs lIk hox dy 230 kysF dIaF irportF imldIaF hn[ (40) 1970ivaF ivwc rsfiexk hiQafrF nUM smuMdr ivwc suwtx qoN mnfhI kr idwqI geI[ sMn 1997 ivwc kYmIkl vYpnjL knvYnsLn (sI zbilAU sI) dy lfgU hox bfad ies knvYnsLn AuWpr dsqKq krn vfly dysLF qy sLrq rwKI geI sI ik Auh rsfiexk hiQafrF df Auqpfdn nhIN krngy aqy ies knvYnsLn AuWqy dsqKq krn qoN bfad 10 sflF dy ivwc ivwc afpxy rsfiexk hiQafrF dy BMzfr nUM Kqm kr dyxgy[ ies smyN iehnF hiQafrF nUM Kqm krn leI do ZMg vrqy jFdy hn[ iek ZMg ivwc iehnF hiQafrF nUM DrqI AuWprlIaF QFvF ivwc suwtx qoN pihlF byasr (inAUtrflfeIjL) krnf jLrUrI hY aqy dUsry ZMg ivwc iehnF hiQafrF nUM BwTIaF ivwc bfl ky AuWcIaF icmnIaF rfhIN vfqfvrn ivwc Cwizaf jFdf hY[ ies ZMg nfl Kqrnfk svfh pYdf huMdI hY[ 1990ivaF ivwc amrIkf vwloN jOhnsn aYtol dy pYsyiPk afeIlYNz ivwc nrv gYs aqy hor rsfiexk pdfrQF dy hiQafrF nUM nsLt krn kfrn Aus ielfky dy vfqfvrn ivwc hlkI pwDr dI zfieaOkisn gYs dy aMsL imly sn[ (41) ivkIpIzIaf anusfr dunIaf dy 195 dysLF ivwcoN 188 dysLF ny kYmIkl vYpnjL knvYnsLn AuWpr dsqKq kIqy hn[ nqIjy vwjoN bhuq sfry dysLF ny rsfiexk hiQafrF dy BMzfr Kqm kr idwqy hn[ pr QoVHy ijhy dysLF afpxy pUry rsfiexk hiQafr Kqm nhIN kr sky[ Audfhrn leI amrIkf ny afpxy bhuq sfry rsfiexk hiQafr nsLt kr idwqy hn pr pYNtfgn anusfr amrIkf afpxy sfry hiQafr 2023 qwk hI nsLt kr skygf[ ies hI qrHF rUs ajy afpxy sfry rsfiexk hiQafr Kqm nhIN kr sikaf[ rUs df dfavf hY ik Auh afpxy sfry rsfiexk hiQafr 2012 qwk nsLt kr dyvygf pr amrIkf dy jnrl akfAuNitMg dPqr df aMdfjLf hY ik rUs afpxy sfry rsfiexk hiQafr 2027 qwk Kqm kr skygf[ (42) iehnF irportF nUM dyKidaF asIN afs kr skdy hF ik afAux vfly smyN ivwc dunIaf qoN rsfiexk hiQafrF df Kfqmf ho jfvygf pr iehnF

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hiQafrF kfrn DrqI dy vfqfvrn df jo nuksfn hoieaf hY jF smuMdr ivwc suwty iehnF hiQafrF kfrn BivwK ivwc DrqI dy vfqfvrn nUM jo nuksfn ho skdf hY Aus bfry asIN pwkI qrHF kuwJ nhIN kih skdy[ prmfxU hiQafrF dy Auqpfdn aqy AuhnF dy tYstF aqy sFB-sMBfl dOrfn vfqfvrn ivwc vwzI pwDr AuWqy pRdUsLn PYldf hY[ abIr mjId anusfr prmfxU hiQafr bxfAux dy muwK pVfa ies qrHF hn: KfxF ivwcoN XurynIan kwZxf aqy iqafr krnf, hiQafr bxfAux dI pwDr dy plftInm df Auqpfdn, prmfxU hiQafrF dy purjLy joVnf (asMblI) aqy Zoaf ZuafeI, hiQafrF dy tYWst, hiQafrF df BMzfrIkrn, hiQafrF dy purijLaF nUM vwK vwK krnf (izsasMblI) aqy Aus kfrn pYdf hoey XurynIam, plftInm, trfeItIam aqy rsfiexk tirwgrF nfl nijwTxf[ (43) iehnF ivwcoN hr pVfa ivwc dI lMGidaF vfqfvrn pRdUsLq huMdf hY jF vfqfvrn dy pRdUsLn df Kqrf bixaf rihMdf hY[ Audfhrn leI, iek aOsq pwDr df prmfxU bMb bxfAux leI KfxF ivwcoN XurynIam kwZx smyN 2000 tMn dI XurynIam dI rihMd-KUhMd (jo ik kfPI ryzIEaYkitv huMdI hY), 4 tMn izplItz XurynIam aqy 50 Gx-tMn (ikAUibk tMn) nIvyN pwDr dI ryzIEaYkitv rihMd-KUMhd pYdf huMdI hY[ (44) sMn 1945 qoN lY ky hux qwk iqafr kIqy inAUklIar vfr hYWzjL (prmfxU bMb nUM afpxy insLfny qwk lY jfx vfly imjLfiel dy isrF) dI aMdfjLx igxqI 1,28000 hY ijhnF ivwcoN 55 PIsdI amrIkf aqy 45 PIsdI rUs vwloN iqafr kIqy gey hn[ (45) iehnF prmfxU hiQafrF dy Auqpfdn dOrfn ikMnI ku ryzIEaYkitv rihMd-KUMhd pYdf hoeI hovygI[ ies bfry amrIkn sfieMitst ivwc Cpy kYivn krOlI aqy jOhn aYWP aihrn dy afrtIkl “mYnyijMg dI ienvfiermYNtl lYgysI afP XU. aYWs. inAUklIar vYpnjL pRozksLn” ivwcoN kuwJ jfxkfrI pysL hY [ iehnF lyKkF anusfr amrIkf df pRmfxU hiQafr bxfAux df qfxf-bfxf kfPI vwzf hY aqy dysL dy vwK vwK ihwisaF ivwc PYilaf hoieaf hY[ ies qfxy-bfxy nfl sMbMDq 16 pRmuwK QFvF ivwcoN kuwJ vwzIaF QFvF hn: hYnPorz, dI iezfho nYsLnl ieMjnIairMg aYNz ienvfiermYNtl lYbfrtrI, Ek irwj aqy dwKxI kYrolInf siQwq sYvfnfh irvr[ iehnF QFvF AuWqy hiQafr bxfAux, nyvI dy iPAUl aqy isvlIan vrqoN leI prmfxU smwgrI (ienircz XurynIam, plftInm aqy trfeIitam) df Auqpfdn kIqf igaf[ (46) hYnPorz sfeIt amrIkf dI visLMgtn styt ivwc kolMbIaf irvr AuWqy siQwq hY[ ieh sfeIt sMn 1943 ivwc mYnhYtn pRojYkt dOrfn sLurU kIqf igaf sI aqy TMZI jMg dy aKIr AuWqy ies nUM bMd kr idwqf igaf sI[ ies QF AuWqy pYdf kIqf igaf plftInm pihly prmfxU bMb ivwc vriqaf igaf sI ijs df tYWst tirMntI sfeIt AuWqy igaf sI[ nON agsq 1945 nUM “PYt mYn” nF df ijhVf bMb jfpfn dy sLihr nfgfsfkI AuWqy suwitaf igaf sI, Aus ivwc vriqaf igaf plftInm vI hYnPorz ivwc hI iqafr kIqf igaf sI[ amrIkf dy bhuqy prmfxU hiQafrF ivwc vriqaf igaf plftInm ies QF AuWqy iqafr kIqf igaf sI[ (47) afAu dyKIey ik ies QF qoN ikMnI ku prmfxU rihMd-KUMhd pYdf hoeI hY[ ieh sfeIt 50 sfl qwk kMm krdf irhf[ ies smyN dOrfn iewQy 67 mItirk tMn plftInm iqafr kIqf igaf[ XurynIam ivwcoN plftInm kwZx dI rsfiexk pRikRaf dOrfn 20 lwK Gx-mItr (50 kRoV gYln) bhuq hI ijLafdf ryzIEaYkitv rsfiexk jLihrIlI rihMd-KUMhd aqy 1.7 arb Gx-mItr (450 arb gYln) pRoosYWsz qrl pYdf hoieaf[ lyKk amrIkf dy izpfrtmYNt afP aYnrjI dy hvfly nfl ilKdy hn ik aYstInfeIzjL (muwK rUp ivwc plftInm) nfl dUisLq 76,000 Gx-mItr Tos rihMd-KUhMd aqy 12 lwK Gx-mItr nIvyN pwDr dI dUisLq Tos rihMd KUMhd ies QF AuWqy dwbI hoeI hY[ (48) iewQy ieh gwl not krn vflI hY ik prmfxU hiQafrF dy Auqpfdn dOrfn pYdf hox vflI ryzIEaYkitv rihMd-KUhMd keI hjLfr sflF qwk jLihrIlI rihMdI hY aqy ies nUM nsLt krn df koeI qswlIbKsL hwl ajy qwk mOjUd nhIN hY[ ies qoN ibnF keI qrHF dI rihMd-KUhMd iswDI vfqfvrn ivwc Cwz idwqI geI[ Audfhrn leI kYmIkl pRosYisMg dOrfn pYdf hox vflIaF asiQr gYsF, keI vfr iPltr kIqy ibnF hI, vfqfvrn ivwc Cwz idwqIaF geIaF[ kRomIam aqy ryzIEaYkitv afiesotopsF nfl dUisLq rIaYktrF nUM TMzf krn vflf pfxI bfhr KulHf Cwz idwqf igaf[ rihMd-KUhMd (vyst) vwjoN pYdf hoey hor keI qrHF dy qrl DrqI AuWqly qlfvF jF DrqI hyTly qlfvF jF DrqI hyTly pfxI ivwc Cwz idwqy gey[ ivmnjL ieMtrnYsLnl lIg Pfr pIs aYNz PrIzm dy vYWbsfeIt AuWqy pRkfsLq irport “dI ienvfiermYNt aYNz dI inAUklIar eyj” ivwc amrIkf dy jnrl akfAuNitMg afiPs vloN 1991 ivwc pRkfsLq kIqy iek zfkUmYNt dy hvfly nfl ikhf igaf hY ik hYnPorz sfeIt qoN 444 arb gYln ryzIEaYkitv qrl rihMd-KUMhd vfqfvrn ivwc CwzI geI sI[ (49) prmfxU rihMd KUMhd nfl sMbMDq AuWpr idwqI jfxkfrI isrP prmfxU hiQafr bxfAux nfl sMbMDq iek QF qoN hI hY[ amrIkf dIaF prmfxU bxfAux vflIaF sfrIaF QFvF qoN ikMnI ryzIEaYkitv rihMd KUMhd vfqfvrn ivwc suwtI geI hovygI aqy ikMnI ku rihMd-KUMhd ajy vI AuhnF QFvF AuWqy stor kIqI peI hY ies bfry aMdfjLf sihjy hI lfieaf jf skdf hY[ prmfxU hiQafrF dy Auqpfdn dOrfn jLihrIlI prmfxU rihMd-KUhMd pYdf hox aqy vfqfvrn ivwc suwty jfx bfry sfbkf sovIaq XUnIan ivwc vI hflq amrIkf vrgy hI sn jF keI irportF anusfr amrIkf qoN vI BYVy sn[ sfbkf sovIaq XUnIan ivwc afm hI dirafvF jF JIlF ivwc prmfxU rihMd-KUMhd suwtI jFdI rhI sI[ sMn 1957 ivwc rUs ivwc cYlIafibMsk siQwq prmfxU hiQafr bxfAux vflI QF `qy rihMd-KUMhd nUM sMBflx vfly iek tYNk dy Ptx nfl ryzIEaYkitv bwdl 200 vrg iklomItr qoN vI vwD KyqrPl vfly ielfky ivwc PYl igaf sI[ nqIjy vjoN ies ielfky dy sB qoN vwD ryzIEaYkitv

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pRdUsLn vfly Kyqr ivcly lgBg sfry drwKq jF qF mr gey sn jF nuksfny gey sn[ (50) abIr mjId anusfr sMn 1952 qoN bfad sovIaq imltrI ny mfXk plFt qoN 1 arb ikAUrIjL dy brfbr dI prmfxU rihMd-KUMhd lyk kfrcya ivwc suwt idwqI[ (ikAUrI iksy ryzIEaYkitv pdfrQ vwloN CwzI jfx vflI ryzIeysLn nUM mfpx dI iekfeI hY ijhVI iek grfm ryzIam dI ryzIEaYkitvtI dy brfbr huMdI hY[) ies JIl ivwc eynI vwzI pwDr AuWqy suwtI prmfxU rihMd-KUMhd ivwcoN pYdf hox vflI grmI dy nqIjy vwjoN ies JIl df pfxI suwkx lwg ipaf[ sMn 1988 qwk ies JIl ivwc cYrnoibl prmfxU plFt dI durGtnf kfrn vfqfvrn ivwc CwzI geI ryzIEaYkitv smwgrI qoN ZfeI guxF ijLafdf ryzIEaYkitv smwgrI suwtI jf cuwkI sI[ (51) hux ieh JIl sImYNt dy pwQrF nfl BrI peI hY qF ik ies ivclI ryzIEaYkitv smwgrI ies qoN bfhr nf jf sky, iPr vI arkitk mOnItirMg aYNz asYWsmYNt pRogrfm df kihxf hY ik ies ivwcoN rihMd-KUhMd DrqI hyTly pfxI ivwc jf skdI hY aqy AuWQoN tYkf ndI nUM pRdUsLq kr skdI hY[ jy koeI ivakqI ies JIl dy kMZy iek GMtf KVf rhy qF Aus dI kuwJ hPiqaF ivwc hI mOq ho skdI hY[ (52) prmfxU hiQafrF nfl sMbMDq vfqfvrn dy pRdUsLn df iek hor vwzf kfrn hY prmfxU hiQafrF dy tYst[ iehnF hiQafrF dy tYWstF dOrfn vwzI pwDr AuWqy ryzIEaYkitv smwgrI vfqfvrn ivwc dfKl huMdI hY[ pihlF pihl prmfxU hiQafrF dy tYWst DrqI qoN AuWprly vfqfvrn ivwc kIqy jFdy sn[ iPr aijhf krnf bMd kr idwqf igaf aqy prmfxU tYWst DrqI dy hyTF jF pfxI dy hyTF kIqy jfx lwgy[ hux qwk dunIaf ivwc 2053 prmfxU tYst Dmfky kIqy jf cuwky hn[ iehnF tYWstF dy nqIijaF vjoN vfqfvrn ivwc PYlI DmfkfKyjL smwgrI dI mfqrf amrIkf vloN hIrosLImf AuWqy suwty bMb dy afkfr dy 40,000 bMbF kfrn pYdf hox vflI DmfkfKyjL smwgrI dy brfbr hY[ iehnF tYWstF dOrfn vfqfvrn ivwc PYlx vflI ryzIEaYkitv smwgrI dI mfqrf cYrnoibl prmfxU durGtnf kfrn vfqfvrn ivwc PYlI ryzIEaYkitv smwgrI dI mfqrF qoN 50 guxF vwD hY[ vfqfvrn ivwc kIqy pRmfxU tYWstF dy nqIjy vjoN vfqfvrn ivwc PYlI ryzIEaYkitv smwgrI kfrn smyN dy bIqx nfl 15 lwK mnuwKI mOqF hox df aMdfjLf hY[ (53) ies dy nfl hI ieh gwl vI not krn vflI hY ik prmfxU hiQafrF dy Auqpfdn aqy tYWstF kfrn vfqfvrn ivwc jo pRdUsLn PYilaf hY Aus nUM sfP krnf bhuq mihMgf hY[ iek irport anusfr amrIkf ivwc PYly ies pRdUsLx nUM sfP krn leI sMn 2070 qwk 3 Krb (300 iblIan) zflr Krc hox df aMdfjLf hY[ (54) jMg dOrfn jMglF df Kfqmf ipCly 5-6 dhfikaF dOrfn jMgF ivwc POj vloN vwzI pwDr AuWqy jMglF df nuksfn krn dIaF keI AudfhrnF imldIaF hn[ asIN iewQy vIaqnfm aqy aPgfinsqfn dIaF jMgF nfl sMbMDq kuJ qwQ pysL krFgy[ jrgn brfier afpxI ikqfb “vfr aYNz nycr” ivwc ilKdf hY ik vIaqnfm dI jMg dOrfn vIaqnfm dy jMglF df iqMn ZMgF nfl nuksfn hoieaf[ sB qoN pihlF qF ies jMg dOrfn amrIkn POjF vloN vIaqnfm dI DrqI AuWqy suwty gey bMbF ny AuWQoN dy jMglF df kfPI nuksfn kIqf[ jdoN iksy jMgl ivwc koeI bMb izwgdf hY qF Auh sLfk qrMgF pYdf krky, afpxy CwiraF nfl aqy DrqI AuWpr toey pf ky jMglfq nUM nuksfn phuMcfAuNdf hY[ brfier dy aMdfjLy anusfr dwKxI vIaqnfm AuWpr amrIkf vwloN suwty bMbF kfrn dwKxI vIaqnfm dI DrqI dy kuwl KyqrPl dy 40 PIsdI ihwsy AuWqy 2 qoN 2.5 kroV qwk drwKq nsLt ho gey sn[ (55) iewQy ieh gwl vI not krn vflI hY ik amrIkf vwloN bhuqy bMb do sflF, sMn 1968 aqy 1969 ivwc suwty gey sn, ies leI iehnF drwKqF ivwcoN bhuqy drwKq vI iehnF do sflF ivwc nsLt hoey hoxgy[ eyny QoVHy vkPy ivwc eyny ijLafdf drwKqF dy Kfqmy nfl jLrUr hI vfqfvrn AuWqy asr vI iqwKf hoieaf hovygf[ drwKqF dy Kfqmy dy nfl vfqfvrn AuWqy hor kI asr pY skdy hn? ies bfry brfier df anumfn ies pRkfr hY[ drwKqF dy Kfqmy nfl DrqI hyTF pfxI df pwDr (vftrtybl) AuWcf ho jFdf hY ijhVf ik sQfnk “eIkoisstm” AuWqy asr pfAux dy nfl nfl afpxy qoN nIvyN pfsy dy “eIkoisstm” AuWqy vI asr pfAuNdf hY ijs kfrn imwtI Kur skdI hY, imwtI ivwcly AupjfAU qwq nsLt ho skdy hn aqy hVH af skdy hn[ toieaF vflI DrqI ivwc pfxI KVHf rih skdf hY aqy Aus ivwc Psl AugfAuxI musLikl ho skdI hY[ brfier kuwJ irportF dy hvfly nfl awgy ilKdf hY ik sMn 1965-71 ivckfr ieMzocIn dI DrqI AuWqy bMbF kfrn 2 kRoV 60 lwK toey puwty gey sn ijhnF kfrn 1710 vrg iklomItr df ielfkf pRBfivq hoieaf sI[ iehnF irportF anusfr lVfeI qoN keI sflF bfad qwk vI toieaF duafly dI DrqI aqy bnspqI burI qrHF pRBfivq rhI, iehnF ielfikaF ivwc Jony dIaF PslF AugfAux ivwc musLikl afAuNdIaF rhIaF ikAuNik zUMGy toieaF ivwc Jonf AugfAuxf musLikl sI aqy toieaF vfly ielfky ivwc Gfh df bolbflf ho igaf aqy jMglF df dubfrF AuWgxf musLikl ho bx igaf[(56) bMbF dy nfl nfl amrIkf dIaF POjF ny vIaqnfm dy pyNzU ielfikaF ivwc jMglF df sPfieaf krn leI vwzI pwDr AuWqy bulzojLrF dI vI vrqoN kIqI sI[ aijhf ies leI kIqf igaf sI qF ik vIaqnfmI POjF amrIkn POjF AuWpr jMglF ivwcoN AuhnF AuWpr Gfq lf ky hmly nf kr skx aqy Auh jMglF ivwc luk nf skx[ pihlF pihl bulzojrF nfl vwzIaF sVkF dy nfl lwgdIaF 100-300 mItr qwk dIaF pwtIaF ivwcoN jMglF df sPfieaf kIqf igaf[ bfad ivwc bulzojrF dIaF POjI tukVIaF bxf ky sYNkVy vrg iklomItrF ivwcoN jMglF df AuWkf hI sPfieaf kr idwqf igaf[ kuwl imlf ky dwKxI vIaqnfm

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ivwc bulzojLrF nfl 3250 vrg iklomItr jMgl Kqm kr idwqy gey[ ieh KyqrPl dwKxI vIaqnfm dy kuwl KyqrPl dy do PIsdI dy brfbr bxdf hY[ (57) jMglF dy ies Kfqmy dy nfl nfl iehnF jMglF ivwc rihMdy jMglI jfnvrF df vI sPfieaf ho igaf aqy ies Kyqr dI hyTlI imwtI Kory dI mfr hyT af geI[ ies qoN ibnF amrIkI POjF ny vIaqnfm dy jMglF aqy PslF df nuksfn krn leI vwzI pwDr AuWqy bUtInfsLk dvfeIaF dI vrqoN kIqI[ aijhf do kfrnF krky kIqf igaf[ iek qF jMglF ivwc drKqF dy pwqy JfVn leI qF ik vIaqnfmI POjF jMglF ivwc luk nf skx aqy dUsrf PslF qbfh krn leI qFik vIaqnfm dy anfj Auqpfdn AuWpr swt mfrI jf sky[ brfier ey. aYWc. vYsitMg dy hvfly nfl ilKdf hY ik sMn 1962-71 ivckfr amrIkI POjF vwloN dwKxI vIaqnfm dy 16,700 vrg iklomItr dy ielfky AuWpr 7 kRoV 24 lwK lItr bUtInfsLk dvfeIaF iCVkfeIaF geIaF[(58) iehnF dvfeIaF nfl vIaqnfm dy vfqfvrn AuWpr iks qrHF df asr ipaf hY ies bfry brfier bhuq sfry aiDanF ivwcoN jfxkfrI pysL krdf hY[ ieh aiDan krn leI vrqy gey vwK vwK ZMgF, vwK vwK jfxkfrI dy sRoqF afid kfrn iehnF ivwc vIaqnfm ivwc hoey vfqfvrn dy nuksfn bfry vwK vwK aMdfjLy lgfey gey hn[ ies dy nfl nfl keI hor pwK hn jo bUtInfsLk dvfeIaF kfrn vIaqnfm dy jMglF nUM hoey nuksfn bfry shI aMdfjLf lfAux ivwc musLikl pysL krdy hn[ Audfhrn leI, jMglF dy drwKqF AuWqy pwqy JfVn leI iCVkI dvf kfrn drwKqF nUM hoieaf nuksfn isrP iek sIjn leI hI irhf sI jF ies kfrn pwkf jF lMmy icr qwk rihx vflf nuksfn vI hoieaf sI[ ies hI qrHF Auprly drwKqF dy pwqy JVn nfl AuhnF dy hyTF AuWgIaF hoeIaF jVHIaF bUtIaF aqy jIv jMqUaF AuWpr iks qrHF df asr hoieaf sI[ iehnF aqy ies qrHF dIaF hor musLiklF kfrn brfier dwKxI vIaqnfm ivwc eynI vwzI mfqrf ivwc vrqIaF geIaF bUtInfsLk dvfeIaF kfrn vfqfvrn nUM hoey nuksfn bfry Tos nqIjy kwZxoN iJjkdf hY[ pr ies dy nfl nfl Auh ieh vI kihMdf hY ik “bMbF kfrn dwKxI vIaqnfm dI 40 PIsdI DrqI, bulzojLrF kfrn 2 PIsdI DrqI aqy bUtInfsLk dvfeIaF dI vrqoN kfrn 10 PIsdI DrqI pRBfivq hoeI[ ieh spwsLt rUp ivwc ikhf jf skdf hY ik lgBg awDy dwKxI vIaqnfm dy vfqfvrn AuWqy pRBfv ipaf[ bysLwk, ieh asr keI qrHF dy sn[ Auh gMBIr vI sn aqy iek qrHF nfl lMmy smyN qwk rihx vfly vI[ Auh gMBIr ies qrHF sn ik kRoVF drwKq aqy hor bnspqI nuksfnI geI aqy nsLt ho geI[ bnspqI dy nsLt hox nfl jfnvrF dI Kurfk aqy pnfh vflIaF QFvF ivwc kmI afAuNdI hY[ vfqfvrn ivwc dubfrf suDfr hox ivwc dhfky lwgdy hn, ies leI ieh asr lMmy smyN qwk rihx vfly sn (hn)...” (59) aPgfinsqfn ipCly iqMn dhfikaF qoN jMg dI mfr hyT hY[ iehnF iqMnF dhfikaF dOrfn aPgfinsqfn dy jMglF nUM burI qrHF nuksfn phuMicaf hY[ ies nuksfn krn ivwc jMg ny keI ZMgF nfl afpxf asr pfieaf hY[ sB qoN pihlF bMbF aqy golIbfrI kfrn jMglF df iswDf nuksfn hoieaf hY[ kuwJ iek irportF ivwc aPgfinsqfn ivwc sovIaq XUnIan dIaF POjF dy dOr smyN lVfeI dOrfn jMglF nUM awgF lwgx dIaF irportF hn[ dUjI pwDr AuWqy dysL ivwc eynf smF lVfeI rihx kfrn dysL ivwc koeI siQr aqy mjLbUq srkfr nhIN rhI ijsdI aQfrtI sfry dysL AuWqy lfgU huMdI hovy aqy jo dysL dy jMglF dI sMBfl aqy surwiKaf krn dy Xog hovy[ nqIjy vwjoN aPgfinsqfn ivwc iek itMbr mfPIaf pYdf ho igaf hY jo aPgfinsqfn dy jMglF nUM kwt kwt ky pfiksqfn nUM smgl kr irhf hY[ mdr jonjL mYgjLIn ivwc Cpy iek afrtIkl ivwc mfeIkl kYNbr ilKdf hY ik qusIN aPgfinsqfn/pfiksqfn bfrzr AuWqy KVHy ho ky kwty hoey drwKqF dy qixaF (lfgF) nfl lwdy hoey trwk aPgfinsqfn qoN pfiksqfn ivwc afAuNdy afm dyK skdy ho[aPgfinsqfn ivwc itMbr dI ieh smwgilMg vpfrk Pfiedy leI vI kIqI jFdI hY aqy qfilbnF vwloN afpxIaF POjI kfrvfeIaF leI Dn iekwqr krn leI vI kIqI jFdI hY[ aPgfinsqfn ivwc jMglF dy nuksfn dy sMbMD ivwc aglI gwl ieh hY ik lVfeI kfrn aPgfinsqfn df buinafdI ZFcf burI qrHF Zih ZyrI ho igaf hY[ ibjlI pYdf krn vfly keI plFt aqy ibjlI ilafAux vflIaF lfeInF Zih ZyrI ho geIaF[ nqIjy vwjoN sLihrF dI vsoN nUM vI afpxIaF bflx dIaF loVF dI pUrqI krn leI lwkV AuWqy inrBr hoxf pY irhf hY, ijs nfl aPgfinsqfn dy jMglF nUM kwtx dI dr ivwc hor vfDf ho irhf hY[ (60) sMn 2002 ivwc XUnfeIitz nysLnjL ienvfiermYNt pRogrfm dI iek tIm aPgfinsqfn ivwc vfqfvrn nUM hoey nuksfn df jfiejLf lYx leI geI qF Aus ny afpxI irport “aPgfinsqfn afn dI birMk afP nYcurl ziejLYstr” ivwc iliKaf ik bfdGIs aqy qwKr sUibaF dy keI ielfikaF ivwc iek vI drwKq nhIN bwicaf, ijhnF ielfikaF ivwc iqMn dhfky pihlF Gxy jMgl huMdy sn[ (61) mfeIkl kYNbr vI afpxy afrtIkl ivwc aPgfinsqfn dI vfqfvrn aqy jMglF dI siQqI bfry kuwJ ies qrHF dy ivcfr hI pysL krdf hY[ Auh ilKdf hY, “amrIkf vloN qfilbfn aqy alkfiedf ivruwD lVI jf rhI lVfeI ivwc aPgfinsqfn dy vfqfvrn bfry bhuq Gwt ikhf igaf hY[ ieh iek bhuq vwzI Buwl hY ikAuNik ZfeI kRoV vsoN vflf, cfry pfisAuN DrqI nfl iGiraf (lYNz lfkz) ieh dysL vfqfvrn nfl sMbMDq mfrU qbfhI df sfhmxf kr irhf hY, ijhVy sMkt nUM jMg ny hor iBafnk bxf idwqf hY[ ies smyN KfnfjMgI df iek hor gyV dysL dy jMglF aqy pihlF hI sMktmeI siQqI ivwc iGry keI jIv jMqUaF df sPfieaf kr skdf hY[” (62) kYNbr afpxy afrtIkl ivwc awgy ilKdf hY ik vfqfvrn nfl sMbMDq sMsQFvF isPfirsL kr rhIaF hn ik DrqI nUM ho rhy nuksfn aqy hvf dI kuafltI TIk rwKx leI aPgfinsqfn dy

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15 PIsdI KyqrPl ivwc jMgl hoxy cfhIdy hn jdoN ik aslIaq ieh hY ik hux aPgfinsqfn dI DrqI dy isrP 1 aqy do PIsdI Kyqr ivwc jMgl hn[ POj vloN vfqfvrn nUM nuksfn phuMcfAux dy hor pwK hux qwk asIN POj vwloN vfqfvrn nUM nuksfn phuMcfAux dy kuwJ iek pwKF bfry ivsQfrpUrbk gwl kIqI hY[ iehnF qoN ibnF POj vloN vfqfvrn nUM nuksfn phuMcfAux dy keI hor pwK vI hn[ Audfhrn leI POj dIaF isKlfeI dIaF msLkF, jMgF kfrn pYdf hoey sLrnfrQI aqy POjI msLInrI aqy sfjLo sfmfn bxfAux leI vrqI jFdI smwgrI, AUrjf, aqy hor vsIly vfqfvrn nUM nuksfn phuMcfAux ivwc vwzI BUimkf inBfAuNdy hn[ lyK lMmf ho jfx kfrn iewQy iehnF sfry pwKF bfry ivsQfrpUrbk gwl nhIN kIqI jf skdI[ ies dy nfl hI ieh gwl vI not krn vflI hY ik ies lyK ivwc vrqIaF bhuqIaF AudfhrnF amrIkf dI POj nfl sMMbMDq hn[ aijhf ies krky vfpiraf hY ikAuNik ies lyK bfry Koj kridaF lyKk nUM amrIkf bfry ijLafdf jfxkfrI pRfpq hoeI hY[ ies dy nfl hI ieh vI not krn vflI gwl hY ik ies smyN dunIaf Br ivwc POjF AuWqy hox vfly KricaF dy 43 PIsdI dy brfbr Krcy amrIkf vwloN kIqy jf rhy hn[ stfkhom ieMtrnYsLnl pIs rIsrc ieMstIicAUt vwloN sMn 2009 ivwc dunIaf Br ivwc hoey kuwl POjI KricaF df aMdfjLF 15.31 Krb (1.531 itRlIan jF1531 iblIan) zflr dy brfbr lfieaf igaf hY[ iehnF KricaF ivwcoN 6.61 Krb (661 iblIan) zflr amrIkf ny Krcy sn[ (63) iPr vI ieh lyK pVH ky ieh pRBfv iblkul nhIN lYxf cfhIdf ik dunIaf dy hor dysLF dIaF POjF dI vfqfvrn nUM nuksfn ivwc BUimkf nhIN hY[ hr dysL dIaF POjF dI vfqfvrn nUM nuksfn phuMcfAux ivwc vwzI BUimkf hY[ Audfhrn leI, 15 julfeI 2010 nUM zYmokrysI nfAu nUM idwqI iek ieMtrvIAU dOrfn iswkm dy glysLIar aqy klfeImyt cyNj kimsLn dy pRDfn seId iekbfl hsnYn ny ikhf ik ihmfilaf Kyqr ivwc mOjUd cIn, ihMdusqfn aqy pfiksqfn dIaF POjF dIaF gwzIaF vloN qyl bflx kfrn vfqfvrn ivwc CwzIaF jf rhIaF grIn hfAUs gYsF ies Kyqr dy glysLIarF nUM ipGlfAux df iek kfrn ho skdIaF hn[ (64) iswtf: AuprlI jfxkfrI dy afDfr AuWpr sB qoN pihlf iswtf qF ieh kwiZaf jf skdf hY ik POj aqy AusdIaF kfrvfeIaF dI vfqfvrn nUM nuksfn phuMcfAux ivwc vwzI BUimkf hY[ afm krky sfzy hukmrfnF vwloN ieh dfavf kIqf jFdf hY ik POj dI hoNd dysL/dysLF dI surwiKaf leI jLrUrI hY[ pr aslIaq ieh hY ik dunIaF Br ivwc POj, Aus vwloN lVIaF jf rhIaF jMgF aqy AusdIaF hor kfrvfeIaF vfqfvrn nUM nuksfn phuMcf ky DrqI dI hoNd leI aqy nqIjy vjoN sfzI surwiKaf leI Kqrf bx rhIaF hn[ POj dIaF jMgI kfrvfrIaF kfrn iekwly Aus QF dy vfqfvrn nUM hI nuksfn nhIN phuMcdf ijwQy jMg lVI jf rhI hovy sgoN smuwcI DrqI dy vfqfvrn nUM nuksfn phuMcdf hY[ nqIjy vjoN jMgI kfrvfeIaF kfrn AuhnF lokF dI hoNd vI Kqry ivwc pYNdI hY jo jMg dy ielfky qoN dUr hox[ ies leI jy asIN shI arQF ivwc vfqfvrn nUM bcfAuxf hY qF sfzy vloN sMsfr Br ivwc lVIaF jf rhIaF jMgF df ivroD krnf jLrUrI hY[ pRcwilq mIzIey ivwc afm qOr AuWqy vfqfvrn dI smwisaf dy kuwJ ies qrHF dy hwl pysL kIqy jFdy hn: vfqfvrn nUM bcfAux leI sfnUM Aus kmry dI bwqI bMd kr dyxI cfhIdI hY ijs kmry ivwc asIN nf hoeIey, sfnUM aijhy blb vrqxy cfhIdy hn ijhVy ibjlI dI Kpq Gwt krdy hox, sfnUM ibnF vjHf dy kfr stfrt nhIN rwKxI cfhIdI, sfnUM vsqF rIsfeIkl krnIaF cfhIdIaF hn, vgYrf vgYrf[ jy asIN iehnF hwlF nUM AupRokq jfxkfrI dy mwdynjLr dyKIey qF ieh gwl sfP ho jFdI hY ik ieh hwl vfqfvrn dI smwisaf nUM sulJfAux leI koeI asrdfiek BUimkf nhIN inBf skdy[ Audfhrn leI ijMnf qyl 1000 kfrF sfl ivwc KFdIaF hn, Aunf qyl aYbrYm tYNkF dI iek izvIjLn iek idn ivwc Kf jFdI hY jF ijMnf qyl iek pirvfrk kfr iqMn sflF ivwc KFdI hY, Aunf jF Aus qoN vwD qyl iek PfeItr jhfjL iek GMty ivwc Kf jFdy hn[ asIN afpxIaF kfrF nUM ibnHF vjHf dy stfrt rwKx AuWqy ijMnI mrjLI rok lf leIey, asIN vfqfvrn ivwc PYlx vflIaF gYsF dI mfqrf Aunf icr nhIN Gtf skFgy ijMnf icr qwk POjF dy iekwly iekwly PfeItr jhfjL iek GMty ivwc qyl dy sYNkVy gYlnF dI Kpq krdy rihxgy[ ies leI vfqfvrn ivwc grIn hfAUs gYsF dy PYlfa nUM rokx leI jMg aqy POjI kfrvfeIaF df ivroD krnf jLrUrI hY[ aKIr ivwc sfzy leI ieh smJxf vI jLrUrI hY ik dunIaF ivwc lVIaF jf rhIaF ieh jMgF, POjF dI igxqI ivwc ho irhf ieh vfDf aqy hiQafrF df ho irhf ieh Auqpfdn sMsfr dy isafsI aqy afriQk pRbMD nfl bwJf hoieaf hY[ ies sMsfr-pRbMD ivwc qfkqvr dysLF vwloN afpxIaF loVF leI dUjy dysLF dy vsIilaF AuWqy iswDy jF aiswDy rUp ivwc kfbjL hox leI POj dI vrqoN nUM jfiejL mMinaf jFdf hY[ ies pRbMD ivwc POj AuWqy kIqy jf rhy KrbF zflrF dy KricaF nUM afriQkqf ivwc vfDy df sfDn smiJaf jFdf hY[ ies pRbMD ivwc hr Aus cIjL nUM Kqm krnf jfiejL smiJaf jFdf hY jo ies dy rfh ivwc roVf bxdI hovy[ ies leI dunIaF Br ivwc ho rhy vfqfvrn dy nuksfn leI ies sMsfr-pRbMD dI Kfs BUimkf hY[ nqIjy vwjoN vfqfvrn dy bcfa leI ies sMsfr pRbMD nUM cuxOqI dyxI jLrUrI hY[! !

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hvfly:

1. EPA (February 2005). Emission Facts: Average Carbon Dioxide Emissions Resulting from Gasoline and Diesel

Fuel (EPA420-F-05-001). Downloaded July 9/2010 from: http://www.epa.gov/oms/climate/420f05001.pdf

2. Karbuz, Sohbet (February 2, 2007). US military oil pains Energy bulletin . Downloaded July 9/2010 from:

http://energybulletin.net/print/26194

3. Sanders, Barry (2009). The Green Zone:The Environmental Costs of Militarism Oakland: AK Press.

4. Sanders, Barry (2009)







11. NationMaster.com. Energy Statistics. Downloaded July 21, 2010 from

http://www.nationmaster.com/red/graph/ene_oil_con-energy-oil-consumption&b_printable=1

12. Judson, Tim (Fall 1999) Depleted Uranium in War. Synthesis/Regeneration. Downloaded July 12, 2010 from:

http://www.greens.org/s-r/20/20-12.html

13. Sanders, Barry (2009); Johnson, Larry (November 12, 2002) Iraqi cancers, birth defects blamed on U.S.

depleted uranium. Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Downloaded July 12, 2010 from:

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14. Zudson, Tim (Fall 1999)

15. Jamail, Dahr (March 2010). The New ‘Forgotten’ War. Extra. Downloaded July 26, 2010 from:

http://dahrjamailiraq.com/the-new-%E2%80%98forgotten-war


17. Moret, Leuren (July 2010). Depleted Uranium: The Trojan Horse of Nuclear War. World Affairs - Journal of

International Issues. Downloaded July, 2010 from: http://www.mindfully.org/Nucs/2004/DU-Trojan-

Horse1jul04.htm

18. Quoted in Westerman, Doug (May 2006). Depleted Uranium - Far Worse Than 9/11. Global Research.

Downloaded July 23, 2010 from: http://www.globalresearch.ca/index.php?context=va&aid=2374

19. Ghazi, Jalal (Feb. 2010). Cancer - Deadly legacy of the invasion of Iraq. Aljazeera.com. Downloaded July 27,

2010 from: http://aljazeera.com/news/articles/39/Cancer-Deadly-legacy-of-the-invasion-of-Iraq.html

20. Ghazi, Jalal (Feb. 2010).

21. Westerman, Doug (May 2006).

22. Ghazi, Jalal (Feb. 2010).

23. Campaign Against Depleted Uranium. Depleted Uranium: The facts. Downloaded July 19, 2010 from:

http://www.cadu.org.uk/intro.htm

24. Berhe, A. A. (2007). The Contribution Of Landmines To Land Degradation. Land Degradation &

Development. Downloaded on July 28, 2010 from: http://eps.berkeley.edu/~aaberhe/Berhe%202007-

%20LM%20and%20LD.pdf

25. Berhe, A. A. (2007).

26. Beruden, Dascha van (2007). Landmines in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Friends of The Earth. Downloaded on

July 26, 2010 from: http://www.motherearth.org/info/BHMAC_en.pdf


28. Berhe, A. A. (2007).

29. Berhe, A. A. (2007).

30. Majeed, Abeer(2004). The Impact of Militarism On The Environment: An Overview Of Direct And Indirect

Effects. Physicians for Global Survival (Canada).

31. International Peace Bureau (2002). The Military’s Impact On The Environment: A Neglected Aspect Of The

Sustainable Development Debate. Downloaded July 8, 2010 from: http://www.ipb.org/i/pdf-

files/The_Militarys_Impact_on_the_Environment.pdf

32. Miller, Judith (1999). Cold war leaves a deadly anthrax legacy. New York Times News Service. Downloaded

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on July 15, 2010 from: http://www.phaster.com/unpretentious/uzbekistan_anthrax.html

33. Majeed, Abeer(2004).




37. Ocean Dumping of Chemical Weapons. noblis. Downloaded on August 3, 2010 from:

http://www.noblis.org/MissionAreas/nsi/BackgroundonChemicalWarfare/OceanDumpingofChemicalWeapons/Pa

ges/default.aspx

38. Harigel, Gert G. (November 2001). Chemical and Biological Weapons: Use in Warfare, Impact on Society

and Environment. Nuclear Age Peace Foundation. Downloaded on August 4, 2010 from:

http://www.wagingpeace.org/articles/2001/11/00_harigel_cbw.htm


40. Newman, Joshua and Dawn Verdugo. Building awareness of sea-dumped chemical weapons. Downloaded on

August 3, 2010 from: http://www.unidir.org/pdf/articles/pdf-art2963.pdf


42. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_Weapons_Convention#cite_note-sixty-4


44. New Internationalist( June 2008). Nuclear Weapons: the Facts. New Internationalist. (8-9)


46. Crowley, Kevin and John F. Ahearne (November - December 2002). Managing the Environmental Legacy of

U.S. Nuclear Weapons Production. American Scientist. Downloaded 4 August, 2010 from:

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production

47. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanford_Site

48. Crowley, Kevin and John F. Ahearne (November - December 2002).

49. Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom. The Environment And the Nuclear Age. Downloaded

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53. New Internationalist( June 2008).

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55. Brauer, Jurgen (2009). War and Nature: The Environmental Consequences of War in a Globalized World.

Newyork: Altamira Press.

56. Brauer, Jurgen (2009).




60. Kamber, Michael (March 2002). Afghanistan’s Environmental Casualies. Mother Jones. Downloaded on

August 10, 2002 from: http://motherjones.com/environment/2002/03/afghanistans-environmental-casualties

61. Caas, Francis, Yoko Haglwara and David Jensen. Afghanistan on the brink of natural disaster. GRID-Arendal.

Downloaded on August 12, 2010 from: http://www.grida.no/publications/et/ep3/page/2611.aspx

62. Kamber, Michael (March 2002).

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Yearbook 2010: Armanents, Disarmaments and International Security. Downloaded August 8, 2010 from:

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64. Democracy Now (July 2010). Himalayan Glaciers Melting Faster Than Anywhere Else in World.

Downloaded on July 20, 2010 from:

http://www.democracynow.org/2010/7/15/himalayan_glaciers_melting_faster_than_anywhere

vqn


khfxI

prCfvyN

hrpRIq syKf

cIjL vDIaf hY ieh ‘nYnitMzo vIa’[ iksy hor dI loV hI nhIN, afpy bMdf KyzI jfvy[ mYN huxy sicn dI mF nfl tYins Kyz ky hitaF hF[ icwq KusL ho igaf[ pihlF AusdI sVI-mwcI hoeI sLkl bxfeI[ Ausy vFg pkOVy vrgf nwk lfieaf Ausdy[ cuMnHIaF awKF bxf ky lwp-lwp mskfrf lf idwqf[ qvy vrgf rMg qy AuWqoN lfl sUhI surKI lf idwqI[ Ausdf nF rwiKaf ‘zYx’[ Aus nUM nYnitMzo ivwc sMBfl ilaf[ jdoN vI kdy Aus `qy icwq aOKf hoieaf krygf, Aus nfl Kyz ilaf krFgf[ hux vI tYins KyzidaF bVf Bjfieaf Aus nMU[ afpxy afp hI pqf nI ikvyN aYnI PurqI af geI myrIaF bfhF ivc, rImot GumfAux leI[ Aus nMU hPLI-hfrI dyK lwjLq af geI[ hux jIa nIN krdf ik ieh nYnitMzo afpxy puwqr, arjn nUM dyx leI[ kdy socdf hF ik Aus nMU ieh nYnitMzo dy hI afvF[ Ausdf jnm idn hY agly hPLqy[ pr zr hY ik Ausdy mfimaF ny mYnMU Aus nfl imlx nhIN dyxf[ keI vfrI soicaf hY ik kdy bwicaF nMU koeI igPLt vgYrf hI dy afvF Pyr vI ipE hF pr kdy kol kuJ bcdf hI nhIN[ ieh ‘nYnitMzo vIa’ dI Kyz vI mYN Dfr ky Aus leI nhIN ilafdIN[ kMm `qy iek cor afieaf sI vycx[ Auh cfr cuwkI iPrdf sI[ sO zflr mMgy iewk df[ AuNJ kihMdy ik ieh iqMn sO nMU afAuNdI af[ myry nfl idaF iqMnF ny afpxy bwicaF leI pJMqrF-pJMqrF `c lY leIaF[ mYnMU vI afKx lwg pey ik mYN vI KRId lvF[ cor vI afKy ik iek ipwCy Auh hor ikDr quiraf iPrygf[ kihMdf ik pMjfhF `c dy dU afKrI vI[ mYN pqf nI ikhVy rON `c sI[ mYN vI lY leI[ icwq `c afeI ik cwl arjn nMU dy dyAUN[ AuhI af `kwlf, ijhVf myry nfl moh ijqfAuNdf hY[ Gr af ky AuvyN hI rwK idwqI[ dUjy idn kMm `qy myry nfl dy ies Kyz dIaF qfrIPF krnoN nf htx sfrf idn[ vfps af ky mYN vI zwbf KolH ky tI vI nfl joV leI[ mYnMU ieh Kyz vDIaf lwgI[ jvfkF nMU qF ieh cMgI lwgxI hI af, vwizaF df vI jIa lvf idMdI aY[ Kyz dI Kyz qy ksrq dI ksrq[ rImot GumfAuNdf qy nfl nfl twpdf bMdf muVHko-muVHkI ho jFdY[ zfktr vI afKdf sI ik ksrq kiraf krF[ kihMdf, “quhfnMU azYkisLn af[ mYN PfeIl `c hfly rIkfrz nI krdf pr quhfnMU afpxf iDafn hor kMmF `c lfAuxf cfhIdY nfl ksrq krnI cfhIdI af[ nhIN qF quhfnUM sYks QrpYst dy jfxf pvygf[ AunHF dI PLIs bhuq huMdI af[”

“aYho-jyhI nI koeI gwl,” mYN Jwt jvfb idwqf[

hux keI vfr lwgdf hY ik zfktr dI gwl TIk hY[ sgoN lwgdf hY ik mYnUM koeI ibmfrI icMbVI hoeI hY[ pr ies qoN Cutkfrf nIN huMdf[ pihlF nIN sI eydF lwgdf[ AudoN qF lwgdf sI ik rwb ny mYnUM qfkq hI aMnI idwqI hY[ tYksI clfAuNidaF, jdoN vI iksy AuksfAU kwpiVaF vflI svfrI ny imlxf, myry icwq nUM kuJ hox lwgdf[ qy ijs idn GrvflI nfl lVfeI hoeI huMdI, Aus idn jIa krdf ik koeI twkry[ Auh afm qOr `qy guwsy hI rihMdI[ qy jy mYnUM koeI sfQ iml jfxf qF myry icwq `c afAuxf, ‘jf qurI iPr[’ kdy socdf ik ikqy iksy ksUqI hflq `c nf Ps jfvF[ keI vfr koeI svfrI guwsy ho jFdI[ pr mYN Jwt mfPLI mMg ky Aus nUM TMzI kr idMdf[ qy socdf ik agFh nUM nhIN ies qrHF iksy nUM puwCxf[ pr jdoN koeI aYho-ijhf mOkf af jFdf iPr hor sB kuJ Buwl jfdf, svfey qIvIN dy srIr dy[ iewk idn swcIN Ps igaf[ iek svfrI nfl Ausdy Gr clf igaf[ AuWqoN Ausdf buafey-PrYNz af igaf[ sflf GsuMn mfr igaf[ Gr vI twut igaf[ awgy luk-iCp ky kr lYNdf sI sfrf kuJ[ koisLsL vI kIqI ik gwl Gr qwk nf awpVy pr GrvflI nUM pqf lwg igaf qy Auh kihMdI ik KVHy pYr GroN inkl jfvF [ sicn sfl ku df sI[ soicaf ik ikEN Gr pwtxf hY[ mYN glqI vI mMn leI[ afiKaf vI ik tYksI clfAuxI Cwz idMnY[ pr Auh nf mMnI[ Aus nMU sLwk qF pihlF vI rihMdf sI myry `qy[ Kfs kr jdoN EhdI CotI BrjfeI nfl gwl krdf qF Auh BUsr jFdI[ AuhnMU iehI sLwk rihMdf ik sfzI koeI gwlbfq aY[ vfh lwgdI mYnMU shuiraF dy Gr nf jfx idMdI[ ijs idn myrI vwzI sflLI dy muMzy dI pfrtI sI, Es idn mYN afpxI Es sflyhfr nfl nwcx lwgf[ AuNJ hI nwcidaF iek dUjy dy nyVy ho gey[ ivcoN hI GrvflI bfhoN PV ky mYnMU pfsy lY geI, kihMdI, “ sflyhfrF BYxF vrgIaF huMdIaF[ kI lokF nMU qmfsLf idKfAuxY[” Gry jf ky Pyr JwjU pf ilaf ik mYN AusdI pfrtI Krfb kr idwqI[ mYN bQyrIaF sPfeIaF idwqIaF pr Auh roxo cuwp hI nf kry[ swcI gwl aY, mYnMU myrI Auh sflyhfr cMgI lgdI sI[ jdoN Auh muskrfAuNdI, mYnUM Auh BrjfeI vrgI lwgdI[

vqn


cwl Gr qF iek idn awgoN-ipwCoN tuwtxf hI sI[ bMdf ikMnf ku icr shI jfvy nGocF[ knyzf kI swd ilaf, bws smiJaf kry ik muwl KRId ilaf[ iek idn qF jIa kry ik GroN cilaf hI jfvF[ Aus idn myry iek dosq df Pon af igaf[ Auh ieMzIaf qoN kuJ idn pihlF hI afieaf sI[ sLfm dy Cy ku vjy df smF sI [ Auh kihMdf ik Auh huxy hI afAuNdf hY iksy nMU nfl lY ky[ myry Pon rwKidaF hI GrvflI Jwt rotI pkfAux leI AuWTdI bolI ik Auhdy afAux qoN pihlF-pihlF rotI Kf leIey[ Auhdy afey qoN cfh bxf dyvygI[ Auh gurU awDy GMty `c hI phuMc igaf[ EdiraF vFg imilaf[ Auh cfh pIx vflf ikwQy sI! bYTx sfr hI boilaf, “aYvyN eI hfl-cfl puwCI jfeyNgf ik kuJ ipafeyNgf vI[ Pyr eI KuwlH ky hfl dwsUM ipMz df[” ieh Jwt rsoeI coN bolI, “bws af gI cfh vIr jI[ Aubwlx vflI aY[” “lY ieh cfh df tYm af BrjfeI?” Auh boilaf[ mYN kwcf ijhf huMdf boql lYx rsoeI `c cilaf igaf[ myry hwQoN boql PV ky kihMdI, “kwlH nMU kMm `qy nI jfxf? nfly hux cfh kOx pIAUgf?” mYN Aus qoN boql lY ky ilivMg rUm `c jf bYTf[ Auh vI mgr hI cfh dI trya cuwkI af geI[ Tfh dy ky trya myjL `qy rwK ky Auh aMdr jf peI[ Aus idn myrf jIa kry beI vwzy Brf vFgU zFg cuwk lvF qy ibnF dyiKaF vrHfvF ijwQy vrHdI aY[ pr mYN afpxy afp nMU rok ilaf[ bIbI kdy kuskI nI sI bfpU jI mUhry[ nf kdy vwzIaF BrjfeIaF kUeIaF sI[ eyhny dbkf qF kI Jwlxf sI sgoN afp gwl-gwl `c inGocF kwZdI[ Aus qoN bfad mYN iksy dosq nUM Gr nf bulfieaf[ dosq qF myry hY vI nhIN sI bhuqy[ Coty huMdy qoN hI mYN afpxy-afp ivc rihMdf[ BrjfeI vI afKdI ik muMizaF nfl bhuqf nf rlF, nf hI iksy nUM kuJ dwsF[ skUloN muVdy nUM hI Auh mYnUM iesLfry nfl afpxy Gr swd lYNdI[ mYnUM vI Auh cMgI-cMgI lwgdI[ iPr jdoN vwzf hoieaf BrjfeI dI bhuq Xfd afieaf kry[ socdf sI ik ivafh qoN bfad Ausdy supny lYx dI loV nhIN pYxI[ pr GrvflI df vqIrf dyK sgoN hor Xfd afAux lwgI[ GrvflI ny qF ivafh dy pihly idnF `c hI iek kMD KVHI kr leI[ kihMdI ik ibsqry `c jfx qoN pihlF bursL kiraf krF, ijvyN Auh krdI hY[ mYnUM lwgdf ik Auh nKry krdI hY[ mYN afiKaf vI iek idn, “lokF dIaF qIvIaF qF Gr vfly nMU ihwk nfl Guwt-Guwt rwKdIaF qy qUM dUr BwjdI aYN[” Auh awgoN kihMdI, “ijhVf qMU myrI kyar krdF, Auh vI idsI jFdI af[ qYnMU pqY smYWl nfl myrf mUz afPL ho jFdY[ agly df aYnf ku qF iKafl rwKxf cfhIdY[”

mYN AudoN socxf ik aYny nKLry kOx Jwly! Auh vI Ehdy, jIhdf mMUh nf mwQf[ knyzf `c nf huMdI qF EQy ieMzIaf aYho-ijhI nMU gohf-kUVf suwtx `qy nf rwKdy[

nYnitMzo `c ikqy tokrf hovy! Pyr gohy-kUVy nfl Br ky iehdy isr `qy itkf ky vyKIey beI ikvyN lwgdI aY[ pr tokrf ikwQoN hoxf! goiraF dIaF KyzF eI aY bhuqIaF[ AUN eys gwloN goiraF dI rIs nI kr skdf koeI[ hryk gwl nMU Kyz bxf lYNdy af[ Pyr nI sMgdy[ KwulH ky Kyzdy af[ gorIaF Borf nKrf nI krdIaF[ vIh vfrI pwbF `coN nfl ilaFdIaYN[ kdy iksy nMU mMUhoN smYWl nI afeI[ jdoN iksy pwb `coN sfQ nf lwBdf qF mYN sVkF `qy kMm krdIaF `coN BrjfeI Bfldf[ myrf jIa krdf ik Auh mYnUM BrjfeI vFg cuMmx[ afpxy nfl Guwtx[ ijvyN mYN afKdf Auh krI jFdIaF[ pr iewk ny AudF nf kIqf[ kihMdI ik Auh prfey bMidaF nMU nIN cuMmdI [

mYnMU lwgy beI nKLry krdI aY[ aYnf Krcf kIqf[ awky qoN mYQoN QoVHf ijhf Dwkf ho igaf[[ pr Auh Dwkf mihMgf ipaf[ GMty `c eI do bMidaF nMU nfl lY ky af gI[ Auh sflLy nfly qF GsuMn mfr gey nfly tI vI qy hor QoVHf-bhuqf ijhVf smfn ipaf sI cuwk ky lY gey[ Edx qF myry kMnF nMU hwQ lwg gey beI hux nI ienHF cwkrF `c pYxF[ myry icwq `c afeI ik Kwjl-Kuafr nfloN BrjfeI nUM lwBF[ mYN ieMzIaf clf igaf[ pr BrjfeI dI koeI AuWg-suwg nf imlI[ sfzy ipMzoN qF Aus dy Grvfly dI myry dsvIN `c huMidaF eI ikqy hor bdlI ho geI sI[ mYN hor ivafh krvf ilaf[

qy mYnUM lwgf ik myry idn iPr gey[ sfl Br BrjfeI dI jvF Xfd nf afeI[ myry iKaflF ivc myrI GrvflI dI sLkl GuMmdI rihMdI[ myrf jIa krdf ik kdoN kMm muwky qy mYN Gr phuMcF! Gr phuMcy qoN Auh mYnUM Guwt ky jwPLI pfAuNdI, ijvyN sfry idn dI EdrI hovy[ myry afly-duafly GuMmdI[ myrI hr iewCf df iKafl rwKdI[ mYN iKiVaf rihMdf[ ikqy muV afAux Auh idn!

pr myrI iksmq aYnI cMgI ikwQy! sfl bfad shury af gey[ anIqf df jnm ho igaf[ kMm qoN muVy qoN GrvflI jF qF anIqf dI sMBfl `c lwgI huMdI jF afpxy iksy Brf nUM kMm `qy Cwzx geI huMdI jF dUjy nUM lYx geI huMdI[ mYnUM iKJ cVHdI[ mYnUM lwgdf ik Auh myry qoN pfsy-pfsy rihMdI hY[ mYnUM sLwk huMdI ik BrfvF nUM kMm `qy Cwzx-ilafAux dy bhfny ikqy bfhr hI nf iksy nUM imlx jFdI hovy[ mYnUM BrjfeI iPr Xfd afAuNdI[ Aus nMU mYN nUM eyDroN-EDroN lwBdf[ ieh qlfsL idnoN-idn

vqn


vDdI geI qy nfl hI Gr ivc klysL[ iek idn GrvflI myrI ihwk nfl lwg ky ro peI[ kihMdI, “kI ho igaf quhfnUM? pihlF vfly nI rhy qusIN[”

“qUM ikhVf pihlF vflI rhI hYN[ sfrf idn BrfvF dy goly-DMdy krdI iPrdI aYN[ myrf qYnUM koeI iPLkr eI nI,” mYN Jwt jvfb idwqf[

“QonUM aYvyN lwgdf rihMdf[ QozI nf iPkr krMU qF kIhdI krUM[ BrfvF nUM hux swidaf aY qF iksy isry qF lfAuxf eI af[”

“afpy bwsF `qy jfx [ Auh ikhVf inafxy af[ eyQy swdqy eynF QoVHf[ hux afvdf afpy rihx[”

“awz kr idMny aF jy qusIN TIk ho jfvoN[”

mYnUM Auh cMgI-cMgI lwgI[ mYnUM lwgf ik Auh qF myrf bhuq iKafl rwKdI hY[ shury awz ho gey[ arjun df jnm ho igaf[ mYnUM iPr lwgx lwgf ik Auh myry qoN pfsy-pfsy rihMdI hY[ mYnUM iPr Aus `qy sLwk hox lwgI[ mYnUM afpxf aMdr KflI-KflI lwgdf qy mYN ies nUM Brn bfhr sVkF `qy gyVy kwZdf[ GrvflI roNdI[ Auh afKdI ik mYN Gr vwl iDafn nhIN idMdf[ Auh ipafr ijqfAuNdI[ mYN ipGl jFdf[ mYnUM afpxy sLwk inrmUl lwgdy[ mYN afpxy-afp nUM lfhnq pfAuNdf[ mYN afpxI jyb ivc zflr rwKxoN ht igaf[ tYksI clfAuxI Cwz ky trwk clfAux lwg ipaf[ soicaf ik jy jyb ivc kuJ hovygf hI nf qF kMtrol krnf sOKf hovygf[ mYN Dfr ilaf ik awgy qoN ikMnf vI icwq zoly pr bfhr-aMdr nI jfxf[ pr afpxy-afp `qy kfbU pfAuxf aYnf sOKf QoVHf huMdf[ iek idn sVk `qy aMgUTf cuwkI KVHI kuVI nUM vyK ky pqf hI nf lwgf ik kdoN myry koloN trwk dy bRyk vwj gey[ Auh trwk vwl af geI[ AusdI muskrfht ny myry hosL Bulf idwqy[ iKafl vI nf irhf ik myrI jyb ivc qF pYsf vI hYnI[ jdoN iesdf iKafl afieaf, Aus nUM trkf idwqf qy trwk qor ilaf pr iDafn Aus ivc hI irhf [ jIa kIqf ik bYNk ivwcoN kuJ zflr kZf lvF[ mYN trwk moV ilaf pr Auh jf cuwkI sI[ mn buJ igaf[ mYN Gr af igaf[ GrvflI Gr nhIN sI[ aMdr kRoD nfl Br igaf[ idmfg ivc afeI ik Auh jrUr iksy nUM imlx geI hovygI[ myry idmfg ivc GuMmx lwgf ik mYN qF aYnf kMtrol krn dI koisLsL kr irhYN qy Auh pqf nI iks nfl qurI iPrdI aY[ mYN do-iqMn glfs dfrU dy aMdr suwty[ soicaf ik awj iCwqr nfl swc bfhr kZfAUN[ Auh GMty ku bfad af geI[ mYN afAuNdI nUM hI ikhf, “ikDwroN afeIN aYN jwBdI?”

“grosrI lYx geI sI[”

“grosrI qF bhfnf aY[ geI hovyNgI iksy Xfr nUM imlx[”

“hF,do jvfkF nUM kuCwV cuwk ky mYN iesLk lVfAux geI sI[” AusdI ieh gwl sux ky mYN kwcf ijhf ho igaf[ Auh grosrI AuvyN hI rwK ky rox lwg peI[ bwcy vI rox lwgy[ mYnUM afpxy-afp `qy iGrxf hoeI[ mYN hor dfrU pI leI[ Pyr mYN Aus nUM vrfAux lwg ipaf[ vrfAuNdf-vrfAuNdf afp rox lwg ipaf[ Aus qoN muafPI mMgx lwgf[ svyry AuWT ky mYN iPr gwl qor leI[ “mYnUM pqf eI nI lwgdf ik kI ho jFdY,” afK ky mYN Aus vwl Jfikaf[ myrI plyt ivc afmlyt rwKdI Auh myry vwl vyKx lwgI[ mYN iPr ikhf, “jdoN qUM myrf iKafl nI rwKdI qF mYnUM sLwk hox lwgdY[”

“hor ikvyN iKafl rwKF?”

“ijvyN pihlF rwKdI sI[ myry qoN Jwt pfsy nI sI huMdI[”

“hux pihlF ijwzy aF afpF? ”

“qy hor ikqy buVHy ho gey!”

“AudoN jvfk hY nI sI[ hux AuhnF df vI iKafl rwKxy huMdY ik nhIN?”

mYnUM AusdI gwl TIk lwgI[ lwgf ik mYnUM aYvyN vihm ho jFdY, aYnf iKafl qF rwKdI hY[ pr ieh ivcfr hmysLf nf rihMdf[ qy mYnUM lwgdf ik myrf koeI hY nhIN[ mn suMnf –suMnf ho jFdf[ mYN trwk clfAuxf Cwz ky iPr tYksI clfAuxI sLurU kr idwqI[ trwk clfAuxf mYnUM rwuKf ijhf kMm lgdf[ tYksI clfAuNidaF idhfVI cMgI inkl jFdI[ pr keI vfrI Gr muVy qoN

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Gr jIa nf lwgdf[ mYN sVkF `qy inkl jFdf[ dfrU pINdf[ Auh roNdI[ pihlF-pihlF mYnUM Ausdf rox ipGlf idMdf iPr icwq `c afAux lwgI ik jy roNdI hY qF roeI jfvy mYN kI krF jdoN koeI myrf nI iKafl rwKdf[ Auh puwCdI ik dwsF ikvyN Auh iKafl rwKy[ pr mYnUM pqf nf lwgdf ik kI khF[ bws mYnUM lwgdf ik Aus aMdr myry leI EnIN iKwc nhIN, ijMnI BrjfeI ivc sI[ idnoN-idn ieh gwl myry aMdr jLor PVdI geI qy mYN hor QfvF qoN BrjfeI dI qlfsL krdf[ iewk idn iesy leI GroN inklx lwgf qF GrvflI bolI, “kuC qF sLrm kro[ myrf nI qF kuVI df eI iKafl kro[ Auh vwzI ho rhI hY[” myry pYr QFey ruk gey[ iPr soicaf ik aYzI ikwzI ku ho geI[ dsF sflF dI qF hoeI aY[ mYN GroN inkl igaf[ pr bhuqI dUr nhIN jf sikaf[ vfr-vfr DI dy vwzI hox df iKafl afAux lwgf[ soc ky mYN zr igaf ik jy anIqf nUM pqf lwg igaf qF ikvyN sfhmxf krFgf Ausdf? mYN vfps Gr af igaf[ vfr-vfr afpxI DI vwl iDafn jFdf[ Auh iek dm vwzI-vwzI lwgx lwgI[ mYnuM afpxy vwl iek tk dyKdf dyK Auh myry vwl JfkI [ mYnUM lwgf ijvyN Aus ny myry vwl nPLrq nfl vyiKaf hovy[ mYN Aus dI qwkxI dI qfb nf Jwl sikaf[ AuWT ky sLrfb pf leI[ jIa kry ik idmfg ivc koeI iKafl nf afvy qy mYN bws sON jfvF[ dUsry idn mYN afpxy afp nfl vfadf kr ilaf ik jvfkF dy vwzy hox qoN pihlF-pihlF mYN ieh sfrf kuJ Cwz dyxf hY[ kuJ idnF dy itkfa qoN bfad iPr iek idn mn bykfbU ho igaf qy mYN hor sB kuJ Buwl ky bfhr vwl ho quiraf[ mYnUM lwgf ijvyN bfhr koeI mYnUM afpxIaF bfhF ivc Brn leI AuzIk rhI hY[ vfps afey nUM lwgf ijvyN myrI DI myry vwl nPLrq nfl vyKdI hovy[ mYnUM afpxy-afp qoN kicafx afeI[ mYN iPr dfrU df Zwkx KolH ilaf[ dUsry idn mYN Aus nUM kMipAUtr ilaf idwqf[ Auh KusL ho geI[ pr myry nyVy iPr vI nf afeI[ myry icwq `c afAuNdI ik myry qF jvfk vI mYnUM ipafr nIN krdy[ qy mYN hor dfrU pIx lwgf[ iewk idn myry dohyN sfly mYnUM sLrfbI hoey nUM kuwt gey[ kihMdy ik mYN AunHF dI BYx nUM duKI krdF[ mYnUM GroN kwZ idwqf[

jdoN mYnUM Auh sIn Xfd af jFdf hY qF myry aMdr BFbV blx lwgdy af[ hux ies nYnitMzo ivc EnHF dI sLkl bxf ky AunHF nfl bOkisMg KyzFgf[ muwkIaF nfl Pyr jbfVy BMnU sfilaF dy[ AuvyN hI ijvyN bIc vflIbfl KyzidaF gorIaF nUM BMinaF sI[ hfly do-iqMn idnF dI eI gwl af nYnitMzoN `qy bIc vflIbfl Kyzx lwgf sI[ iek pfsy mYN iekwlf qy dUjy pfsy do gorIaF[ Jwt ivnIpYWg Xfd af igaf[ lwgf ijvyN kuJ guafc igaf hovy[ rImot kMtrol pfsy rwK idwqf[ tI vI skrIn `qy gorIaF vfrmap hox lwgIaF[ mYnMU lwgf ijvyN QfpIaF mfr ky mYnMU cYilMj kr rhIaF hox ik af hux[ mYN iPr rImot cuwk ky KVHf ho igaf[ iPr buVHk buVHk ky aYnIaF bflIaF lfeIaF ik muVHko-muVHkI ho igaf[ jdoN AunHF dy mUMh-isr `qy ikqy bfl vwjdI qF Auh mwQf PVH ky bYT jFdIaF[ mYnUM bhuq skUn imldf[ lwgdf ijvyN mYN ivnIpYWg vflI Gtnf df bdlf lY ilaf hovy[

ivnIpYWg vflIaF ny kIqI vI myry nfl mfVI sI[ aYnI dUr swd ky AuWlU bxfieaf myrf[ AunHF `coN iewk mYnUM ieMtrnYWt `qy imlI sI[ [ bhuq qwqIaF gwlF kiraf kry Auh[ Poto vI idKf idwqI[ Pon nMbr vI dy idwqf[ pr Auh vYWbkYm nhIN sI clfAuNdI[ afK idaf kry ik Aus kol hY nhIN[ pr AuhdI Poto qy gwlF ny aYnI qVPx lfeI ik mYN aOKy-sOKy ny kuJ zflr joV ky ivnIpYWg nMU cVHfeI kr idwqI[ hotl buwk krf ilaf[ icwq `c zr vI ik jy nf imlI! jy DoKf ho igaf! pr Auh af geI[ Poto nfloN vwKrI lwgI pr mYN iDafn nf idwqf[ pUrI sjI-DjI[ sMgfAU ijhI[ imlx sfr hI jIa kry beI mYN AuhnMU afpxI CfqI nfl aYnf GuwtF ik kVfky inkl jfx[ soicaf ik Krcf kIqf rfs af igaf[ mYN Aucyc nfl bursL kIqf[ ipwCoN gMm vI cwbdf irhf[ pwb `c cly gey[ AuWQy pINdy rhy[ mYnMU qF pIx qoN ibnF hI srUr sI[ kuVI df sfQ! jIa kry bws aYN hI bYTy rhIey[ mYN qF socdf sI ik Auh vfeIn lvygI pr Auh qF myry nfloN vI agFh sI pIx `c[ do kuVIaF AuhnMU hor iml geIaF Aus dIaF isafxMU[ sfrIaF eI pUrIaF ipafkVF[ mYN AunHF sfhmxy QoVI pI ky kmjLor nhIN sI pYxf cfhuMdf[ icwq pUrf bfgobfg[ lwgy beI myry vrgf kOx aY[ gopIaF `c kfnH [ Auh vI vfr-vfr afKx, “vI vYl hYv PMn tUnfeIt[” mYN icwq `c skImF bnfAux lwg ipaf beI iqMnF nMU ikvyN sMBflxY[ iPlmF vfly sIn idmfg `c cwlx lwg pey[ eysy srUr `c EhnF dy brfbr pI igaf[ Pyr surq hI nhIN ik ikvyN hotl phuMicaf qy Eh ikwDr clIaF geIaF[ dUjy idn Pon hI nf cuwky[ bhuq pCqfieaf[ soicaf ik hux nhIN iksy pMgy `c pYxf[ pr kMtrol hI nI rihMdf[ iDafn hor pfsy jFdf hI nhIN[ hux qF supny vI avwly hI afAux lwg pey af[ supny ivc mYnMU krmF bwkrIaF vflf idisaf[ ipMz vfly afKdy ik krmy dIaF mfvF vI bwkrIaF hI aY qy GrvflIaF vI[ aYny sfl ho gey mYnMU ipMz Cwzy nMU[ pqf nhIN Auh ikDroN af igaf supny ivc[ mYnMU kihMdf , “sLyrf, qUM qF jvF eI myry aFgUM `kwlf ho igaf[ lY, iewk pwT qUM vI lY jf[” jdoN jfg afeI qF jIa kry ik koeI sfQ hovy[ mYN cfh pIx qoN vI pihlF ieMtrnYWt KolH ilaf[ pihlF XfhU msYNjr KoilHaf Pyr aYWm aYWs aYWn[ aYnI sdyhF ikhVI sylHI ny hoxf sI aOn-lfeIn[ Pyr mYN plYNtI afPL iPwsL vYWbsfeIt KolH leI[ EQy vI koeI nyVy-qyVy dI nf imlI[ Pyr mYN krYgsilst vYWbsfeIt `qy clf igaf[ lwgf beI qwqy-qwqy iesLiqhfr mYnUM swdf dy rhy hox[ mn

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kry ik huxy hI koeI mYnUM afpxIaF bfhF ivc lY ky Guwt lvy[ pr pwlHy kuJ hY nI sI[ mYN afpxf afeI-pOz vyc afieaf[ Aus ivc mYN kIrqn Brvfieaf hoieaf sI[ socdf sI ik kIrqn sunx nfl sLfied mn nMU kuJ itkfa af jfvy[ sLfied gurbfxI sux ky ieMtrnYWt `qy jfxo mn muV jfvy[ jdoN df ieMtrnYWt df Buws ipaf, mn `c hor Btkx ho geI[ lok pqf nI ieMtrnYWt `qy kI dyKdy-pVHdy af, mYnUM qF cYt krn jF Poto dyKx dI cft lwgI af[ myrIaF keI shylIaF bx geIaF[ jd AunHF nfl mYsMjr `qy gwlF krdf qF mn ruwiJaf rihMdf[ vYWbkYm `qy mYN keIaF `coN BrjfeI nUM lWBx dI koisLsL kIqI hY[ AunHF df ipMzf dyKx leI mn Auqfvlf ho jFdf[ ievyN hI mYN skUloN afAux sfr BrjfeI vwl jfx leI Auqfvlf huMdf sI[ pr vfps muVdf qF lwgdf ijvyN koeI pfp kIqf hovy[ sfrf idn ziraf rihMdf ik jy iksy nUM pqf lwg igaf? pr sLfm nUM iPr BrjfeI dy iesLfry dI AuzIk rihMdI[ cwl, AudoN qF mYN jvfk sI[ awTvIN `c pVHdf sI hfly[ pr Auqfvlfpn hfly vI AuvyN hI hY[ keI BrjfeI vFg ipMzf idKf idMdIaF[ pr Auh gwl nf bxdI[ jdoN vYWbkYm bMd ho jFdf, mn Aucft ho jFdf[ aMdr iekwl pwsr jFdI[ jIa krdf ik koeI afpxI ihwk nfl Guwty[ pr ihwk nfl iksny Guwtxf sI[ aYnI cMgI iksmq ikwQy! koeI vI nI afvdf[ `kwlf aYN[ keI vfrI qF lwgdf hY ik `kwly bMdy df vI kI ijAux! iehI gwl mYnUM ipwCy ijhy iksy ny lf ky khI sI[ ivafh dI pfrtI sI[ mYN soicaf hoieaf sI ik sLrfb nhIN pIxI[ hPLqy Br qoN nhIN sI pIqI[ gurduafry jfx lwgf sI[ kIrqn suxn dI koisLsL krdf[ pfrtI `c vI mYN pfsy ijhy aiMmRqDfrIaF dy kol jf bYiTaf sI[ soicaf sI ik jy sLrfbIaF nyVy bYTf qF jIa nf krn lwg pvy[ aimRqDfrIaF `coN iek gwlF-gwlF `c kihMdf ik aYho-ijhy bMdy df vI kI ijAux, ijhVf afvdy pRIvfr df vI nI skf[ aYho-ijhy aXfsL qy KusdrjL bMdy qF boJ af DrqI `qy[ mYnUM lwgf ik Auh mYnUM hI suxf irhf sI[ mYQoN AunHF nUM qF kuJ afK nhIN hoieaf pr myrf aMdr irwJx lwgf[ mYN AuWT ky bfr vwl qur ipaf[ dfrU pINidaF lok gwlF kr rhy sn[ hws rhy sn[ mYN iekwlf KVHf dfrU pIvI igaf[ myry kol af ky koeI vI nf KVHdf[ mYnUM afpxf-afp iekwlf-iekwlf lwgf[ mYnUM lwgx lwgf ijvyN lok myry `qy hws rhy hox[ myrf jIa kry ik myrf idmfg suMn ho jfvy[ koeI iKafl nf afvy[ nsLy `c tuMn ho ky pqf nI kd Gr phuMicaf[ svyry jfigaf qF mYnUM afsf-pfsf AuWjiVaf-AuWjiVaf, suMnf-suMnf, Audfs-Audfs lwgf[ mYN kfPLI dyr AuvyN hI ipaf irhf[ AudfsI dUr krn leI mYN msfj-pfrlr clf igaf[ AunHF vwloN ipafr ijqfAuxf, imwTf bolxf qy ‘hnI’ afK ky bulfAuxf mYnUM iKwc pfAuNdf hY[ AuWQy ibqfey GMty dOrfn mYN hor sB kuJ Buwl igaf[ pr GMtf qF KMB lf ky AuWz igaf[ myrf aMdr iPr pihlF vFg KflI-KflI ho igaf[ muVdf hoieaf mYN Tyky qoN boql lY afieaf[ pI ky iPr sON igaf[ agly idn AuWiTaf qF lwgf ik msfjL-pfrlr vflIaF swd rhIaF hn[ vfps muVdf hoieaf iPr boql lY afieaf[ ies qrHF iqMn idn cldf irhf[ cOQy idn sLfm nUM jdoN jfg KuwlHI qF myrf iPr msfj-pfrlr dy jfx nUM jIa kry[ svyry vI jf afieaf sI[ dfrU pI ky mYN iPr clf igaf[ pr rfh ivc puls vfly ny rok ilaf[ sLrfb pI ky kfr clfAux krky Ausny mYnUM cfrj kr ilaf[ rfq Qfxy kwtxI peI[ myrf zrfeIivMg lfeIsMs sfl Br leI rwd ho igaf[ mYN ijvyN suwqf ipaf jfigaf hovF[ bysmYNt `coN mYnUM musLk afvy[ isMk ilbVy BFizaF nfl Biraf ipaf sI[ QF-QF kwpVy qy gMd-mMd iKliraf ipaf sI[ ipCly iqMnF idnF qoN mYN ieh iKlfrf pfAuNdf irhf sI[ mYnUM afpxy-afp `qoN kicafx afeI[ icwq ivc afAux lwgf ik ijMdgI aYvyN hI guaf leI[ myry nfl dy kI qoN kI bx gey qy mYN musLk mfrdI bysmYNt ivc ruldF[ iKlrIaF peIaF boqlF vwl vyK mYnUM AunHF `qy guwsf afieaf[ mYN AuWT ky AunHF nUM cuwikaf aqy bfhr gfrbyjL ivc suwt idwqf sxy iek awD-BrI boql dy[ soicaf ik hux nIN ies nUM hwQ lfAuNdf[ iesy krky sfry mYQoN dUr hoey af[ iqMnF bwicaF dy cyhry awKF mUhry GuMmx lwgy[ vwzy sicn nUM qF muV kdy vyiKaf hI nhIN sI[ ikho-ijhf lwgdf hovygf? iPr iKafl afieaf ik jy bwicaF `coN koeI iewQy af ky dyKy? mYN AuWT ky hOlI-hOlI sfrf iKlfrf cuwikaf[ nvF koeI hor kMm vI lwBxf pYxf sI[ tYksI clf nhIN skdf[ ieh nvF iPLkr lwg igaf[ iPr nhf Do ky gurduafry clf igaf[ rwb awgy ardfs kIqI ik rwbf! mYnUM sumwq bKsL[ myrI Btkx dUr kr[ afeI-pOz `c kIrqn Brvf ilaf[ AusnUM suxdf[ inwq gurduafry jFdf qy ardfs krdf[ jd awKF mIc ky bYTdf qF msfjL-pfrlr vflIaF idsdIaF[ kdy BrjfeI idsdI[ kdy iKWJ ky Aus nUM afKdf hF ik Cwzdy myrf KihVf[ mYnUM iksy pfsy jogf nI Cwizaf qUM[ qy kdy msfjL-pfrlr vwl mUMh ho jFdf hY[ vfps muVdf afpxy-afp nUM lfhnq pfAuNdf hF ik Auh ikhVf iZwzoN ipafr krdIaYN[ zflr lY ky ipafr dI aYkitMg krdIaF[ pr jfxoN iPr vI rih nIN huMdf[ iPr socdf hF ik ikEN aYvyN Btkdf iPrdF! ikEN nf vfps bwicaF kol clf jfvF[ arjn dI mF nUM khF ik hux nIN kdy bfhr jFdf[ Pyr lgdf ik Ehdy nfl rihMidaF ikhVf KusL sI[ AudoN vI lwgdf sI ik koeI hor hovy[ hux qF jIa krdf hY ik ‘nYnitMzo-vIa’ dI hI koeI aYho ijhI Kyz hovy ik bMdf afpxI mrjLI df sfQ bxf lvy iksy hor dI loV hI nf pvy[ jy ikqoN aYho jyhI Kyz dI izsk lwB geI Pyr nI mYN idMdf ieh nYnitMzo arjn nMU[ mYN iek mUrq vrgI qIvIN iqafr krF qy Ausdf nF BrjfeI rwKF[ qy iPr Auh mYnMU afpxI CfqI nfl Guwt ky myry aMdrlI sfrI BuwK imtf dyvy[! !

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ihMdI nfvl df anuvfd - iksSq 13

DrqI Dn nf afpxf

jgdIsS cMdr

(DrqI Dn nf afpxf’ pMjfb dy iewk ipMz bfry ihMdI ivwc iliKaf igaf nfvl hY[ ieh nfvl pMjfb dy ipMzF bfry ilKy bhuqy nfvlF qoN ies leI vwKrf hY ik ies ivwc pMjfb dy pyNzU dilqF dI ijs dsSf df vrxn hY, Auh hux qwk bhuq Gwt pMjfbI nfvlF ivwc pRgt hoeI hY[ bysSwk ieh nfvl 1970ivaF ivwc Cipaf sI, pr pMjfb dy sfihqk jgq ivwc ies dI koeI bhuqI crcf nhIN hoeI[ asIN ies nfvl nUM vqn ivwc lVIvfr Cfpx df PYslf kIqf hY[ pysS hY ies dI qyrvIN iksSq[ pihlIaF iksSqF pVHn leI ipCly aMk dyKo[ jy quhfzy kol ipCly aMk sFBy hoey nhIN hn qF sfnUM eI-myl Byjo[ quhfnUM Auh aMk Byj ky sfnUM KusSI hovygI -sMpfdk)

37

svyr qwk hVH df jLor muwk igaf pr KyqF ivwc cfry pfsy pfxI KVHf sI[ mwkI dI Psl imwtI nrm hox kfrn jLmIn AuWqy ivC geI sI[ KyqF ivwc ivMg-qiVMgIaF zMzIaF aqy rfh pfxI ivwc zuwby hoey sn aqy ijwQy qwk ingHf jFdI sI AuWQoN qwk hiraflI dy hyTF ivCI hoeI pfxI dI cfdr ikiqAuN mYlI aqy ikiqAuN cmkIlI ids rhI sI[ ies qrHF lwgdf sI ijvyN pfxI ny ipMz dy duafly Gyrf pf rwiKaf hovy[ ijnHF QFvF qoN hVH df pfxI AuWqr igaf sI AuWQy pqly icwkV dI motI qih jMm geI sI aqy Aus AuWqy rINg rhy kIVy-mkOVy aqy gMz-gMzoey pqly pqly rfh bxf rhy sn[ coa ivwc pfxI dI pqlI-ijhI lIk rih geI sI[ Auhdf mtmYlfpx Kqm ho cuwikaf sI aqy Auhdf pft ikiqAuN pihlF nfloN ijLafdf cOVf aqy ikiqAuN pihlF nfloN Gwt ho igaf sI[ ikqy ryq Br geI sI aqy ikqy toey pY gey sn[ iqMn idn mINh pYx bfad Duwp inklI qF sfrf vfqfvrn iek ajIb ijhI iswlI bdboa nfl Br igaf[ lokF nUM hr cIjL qoN, kwpiVaF qoN, rotI qoN, anfjL qoN eyQoN qwk ik afpxy srIrF qoN bdboa afAux df aihsfs ho irhf sI[ kMDF, PrsLF, drvfjLy aqy srdlF sfrIaF iswlIaF hoeIaF peIaF sn[ iqMn idn mwKIaF KUMijaF aqy KuMdrF ivwc lukIaF rhIaF sn[ Duwp inklidaF hI AuhnF ny hwlf bol idwqf aqy afly duafly ies qrHF iBniBnfAuNdIaF AuWz rhIaF sn ijvyN cfry pfsy AuhnF dI hI jfgIr hovy[ cmHfrlI dy inafxy svyry hI coa `qy cly gey sn aqy igwitaF qwk zUMGy pfxI ivwc Kyz rhy sn[ kdy Auh igwlI ryq ivwc Gr bxfAuNdy aqy kdy Auh izwgy hoey drwKqF dy qixaF AuWpr bYT GoiVaF dI svfrI krdy[ kuJ bwcy qkIey ivwc icwkV nUM imwDdy hoey iswpIaF aqy hVH ivwc ruV ky afeIaF hor cIjLF aqy imwTIaF phfVI jVHF dI Bfl ivwc GuMm rhy sn[ cmHfrlI dIaF qIvINaF GrF ivwc psry hoey icwkV nUM kwZ afpxy koiTaF dI murMmq ivwc lg geIaF[ muhwly ivwc iek vI koTf eydF df nhIN sI ijhdIaF kMDF qoN lyp dy KlypV nf lwQy hox aqy Cwq ivwc mGory nf pey hox[ Auh CwqF dy mGoiraF ivwc imwtI BrdIaF iek dUsrI nfl afpxy hoey nuksfn dy bfry vD - cwVH ky gwlF kr rhIaF sn[ qyjL Duwp ivwc igwly koiTaF qoN AuWT rhI BfP nUM dyK ky Auh iPkrmMd ho geIaF ik ikqy kMDF ivwc drfVF nf pY jfx[ muhwly dy sfry mrd KUh ivwcoN coa df gMdf pfxI kwZx ivwc ruwJy hoey sn[ Cy afdmI ieko vfrI sLrq lf ky bfltIaF iKwc rhy sn[ jdoN Auh Qwk jFdy qF AuhnF dI QF qroqfjLf nOjvfn lY lYNdy[ pfxI df mtmYlfpx hOlI hOlI Kqm ho irhf sI[ qyjL aqy iqwKI Duwp nMgy srIrF ivwc sUeIaF vFg cuwB rhI sI[ aqy psIny dIaF ndIaF vg rhIaF sn[ pr Auh ies qrHF kMm ivwc lwgy hoey sn ijvyN KUh df pyNdf nMgf krky hI sfh lYxgy[ cODrI lok svyr qoN hI afpxy KyqF vl inkl gey sn[ qyjL mINh aqy coa df pfxI KyqF ivwc PYl jfx nfl jLmIn nrm pY geI sI aqy Auhdy ivwc igwitaF qwk pYr KuwB rhy sn[ KyqF ivwc GuMm ky Auh Aus QF iekwTy ho gey ijwQoN bMn nUM vwiZaf igaf sI[ cODrI hrnfm isMG afpxy Kyq ivwc pey zUMGy zuMm nUM dyK irhf sI[ zuMm qoN awgy imwtI df Cotf ijhf Zyr bx igaf sI aqy Auhdy bfad iPr pfxI sI[ cODrI munsLI afpxy swjy pYr nfl Kwby pYr AuWqy Kfj krdf hoieaf cODrI hrnfm isMG nfl Audfs avfjL ivwc boilaf, “cODrI, eydF lwgdf ijvyN KyqF `c ryqf psr geI hovy[” cODrI hrnfm isMG ny sfhmxy dUr qwk jLmIn AuWqy ivCI mwkI dI Psl nUM dyKidaF hoieaF Kisafxy ijhy hfsy nfl ikhf: “sfzy KyqF `c ryq hI ivCU[ cIkxf (AupjfAU) gfrf gwpIaF dy KyqF ivwc ipaf hoAU[ qUM afpxy KyqF `c mUMgPlI aqy hdvfxy bIjIN aqy gwpI kpfh bIjxgy[”

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Auh zuMm ivwcoN vgdy pfxI nUM dyKx lwgf[ cODrI ny imwtI df Zylf cuwk ky pfxI ivwc suwt idwqf aqy DVfm dI avfjL nUM iDafn nfl suxdf hoieaf boilaf: “myry iKafl ivwc pfxI hfQI ijMnf zUMGf qF hoAUgf[” coDrI hrnfm isMG cuwp irhf[ AuhnUM duwK sI ik kwlH Bfvukqf ivwc af ky Auhny afpxy KyqF dy sfhmixAuN bMn vwZx leI jLor idwqf sI[ Auh qyjL Duwp nUM mihsUs krdf hoieaf boilaf: “jy ies qrHF Duwp pYNdI rhy aqy KyqF dy pfxI df inkfs ho jfvy qF QoVHI bhuq Psl bc skdI hY[” “cODrI afpxy koiTaF nUM dyKx, zMgrF dI Kbr lYx jF KyqF `coN pfxI kwZx?” bylf isMG ny ikhf[ “ies sfl koeI brsfq lwgI hY, kihr ipaf[ pqf nhIN KvfjLy pIr ny iks gwl df bdlf ilaf hY[ eydF lwgdf hY ijvyN phfV pft gey hox[ KyqF, KilafnF nUM Cwzo, srIrF `c pfxI Br igaf hY[ mwkI dIaF PslF qF qbfh hoxIaF hI sn, koTIaF `c peI kxk dy sV jfx df zr hY[ guV aqy sLwkr df sIrf bx jfx df Kqrf hY[” cODrI munsLI ny duwK BrI avfjL ivwc ikhf[ “bMn nf vwZdy qF - myry ies Kyq `coN Gwto-Gwt vIh mn mwkI inkldI pr hux sLfied iek mn vI nf inkly[” cODrI hrnfm isMG ny ikhf[ “jy Kyq `coN pfxI nf kwiZaf qy Psl zuwbI rhI qF iek mn vI nhIN inklxI[ mwkI dI Psl sqmfhy bwcy dI aFg huMdI hY[ mINh ijLafdf pvy qF ies leI Krfb[ Duwp ijLafdf pY jfey qF ies dI brbfdI[” bylf isMG ny juafb idwqf[ “myrI gwl mMno qF cmfrF nUM swd ky ryq dy Zyr ivwcIN rfh kwZvf idAu[ ipCly KyqF `coN pfxI inkl jfAUgf[” cODrI munsLI ny suJfa idwqf[ cODrI hrnfm isMG soc ivwc pY igaf qF bylf isMG boilaf: “ijLafdf qoN ijLafdf awDI GVI df kMm hY[ pfxI KyqF `c hI sVnf sLurU ho igaf qF rhI-shI Psl vI Krfb ho jfAUgI[” cODrI hrnfm isMG cuwpcfp ipMz vl qur ipaf[ cODrI munsLI aqy bylf isMG vI Auhdy ipwCy ipwCy qur pey[ jdoN Auh cmHfrlI dy KUh dy nyVy phuMcy qF muhwly dy bhuq sfry mrd aqy bwcy mMzyr dy afly duafly KVHy sn[ KUh dy afly-duafly pfxI hI pfxI sI aqy sfhmxy glI icwkV nfl BrI hoeI sI[ AuhnF nUM dyK ky bfltIaF ruk geIaF aqy sfry hwQ cODrIaF dI bMdgI krn leI AuWT pey[ AuhnF dy puwCx `qy keI lokF ny iekdm bolxf sLurU kr idwqf ik KUh coa dy pfxI nfl Br igaf sI, ies leI KflI kr rhy hF[ ‘sfry lok qF KUh KflI nhIN kr rhy[ do-cfr afdmI khIaF lY ky afvo[ ijwQy bMn vwiZaf sI, Auhdy sfhmxy imwtI df Zyr lwg igaf hY[ Auhdy ivwcIN rfh bxfAuxf qFik KVHf pfxI inkl jfvy[” cODrI dI gwl sux ky KUh AuWqy KVHy sfry lok iek-dUjy vwl dyKx lwgy ikAuNik AuhnF dy sfhmxy sB qoN vwzf suafl KUh sfP krn df sI[ pr jdoN cODrI ny sMqU, bMqU, jIqU aqy bwgy dy nF lY ky afAux leI ikhf qF AuhnF ny bfltIaF rwK idwqIaF aqy afpxy GrF qoN khIaF lY ky cODrIaF dy ipwCy coa vl cly gey[ bwicaF dI iek pltn AuhnF dy ipwCy lwg qurI[ jdoN Auh AuhnF dy bhuq nyVy phuMc jFdy qF bylf isMG ipwCy muV ky AuWcI avfjL ivwc AuhnF nUM iJVkdf qF Auh dOV jFdy pr kuJ plF dy bfad iPr AuhnF df ipwCf krnf sLurU kr idMdy[ bMn `qy jf ky cODrI lok AuWQy ruk gey aqy cmfr bMn dy pfV dy sfhmxy ryq dy Zyr `qy jfx leI KyqF ivwc vV gey aqy pfxI ivwc Cp-Cp krdy hoey awgy vDdy gey[ Duwp nfl pfxI QoVHf ijhf grm ho igaf sI aqy mwkI dy pwqy qlvfr dI Dfr dy vFg qyjL sn[ bMn `qy KVHy cODrI mwkI dy ihldy pwiqaF nUM dyK ky AuhnF dy awgy vDx df aMdfjLf lf rhy sn[ jdoN pwiqaF dI KVKVfht bMd ho jFdI qF Auh smJ jFdy ik cmfr ikqy KVH gey hn aqy Auh kuJ pl AuzIk krn bfad AuhnF nUM avfjLF mfrdy[ AuhnF dIaF avfjLF sux ky sMqU nUM gwusf af igaf aqy Auh bdly dI Bfvnf nfl mwkI dy bUitaF nUM imwDdf hoieaf qurn lwgf[ “ieh cODrI munsLI df Kyq hY[” jIqU ny sMqU nUM ieh gwl ies mnsLf nfl khI ik Auh Auhdy cODrI dI Psl nf AujfVy[ “iksy sfly df hovy[ mYnUM isrP eynf pqf ik ies Kyq dI Psl myry Gr nhIN jfxI[” jIqU ny iKJI hoeI avfjL ivwc ikhf[ lMmf cwkr kwZ ky Auh ryq dy Zyr `qy phuMc gey[ AuhnF nUM dyK ky cODrI KusL ho gey aqy hwQF dy iesLfiraF dy nfl hukm dyx lwgy[ QoVHy icr ivwc AuhnF ryq dy Zyr ivwc dI nflI puwt idwqI aqy Auhdy rfhIN pfxI toey ivwc pYx lwgf[ jIqU aqy sMqU kuJ icr qwk AuWQy KVHy vgdy pfxI vl dyKdy rhy aqy iPr ipMz vl af gey[

vqn


coa ivwc pfxI dI pqlI lIk cOVI ho geI aqy bwcy Auhdy ivwc dOVdy hoey iklkfrIaF mfrn lwgy[ cODrI bMn qoN hyTF Auqry aqy ipMz vl jFidaF AuhnF PYslf kIqf ik bMn dy pfV nUM CyqIN hI Br dyxf cfhIdf hY ikAuNik pfxI suwkx `qy Psl dI gozI sLurU ho geI qF ieh kMm ivwc hI rih jfAUgf[ nf qF cODrIaF kol ivhl hoxf aqy nf cmfr hI ieh kMm krngy[ cmHfrlI dy KUh dy koloN lMGidaF AuhnF AuWQy hfjLr sfry lokF nUM ikhf ik kwlH sLfhvyly qoN bfad Auh khIaF aqy tokrIaF lY ky AuWQy phuMc jfx[ cODrIaF dy ies hukm nfl cmfrF ivwc KusLI dI lihr dOV geI[ AuhnF nUM KusLI sI ik hVH aqy mINh dy bfvjUd hux AuhnF nUM ivhly nhIN bYTxf pAUgf[ pr nfl hI Auh hYrfn sn ik AuhnF nUM sLfhvyly qoN bfad ikAuN swidaf igaf hY[ aMdfijLaF dy GoVy dOVfAux `qy AuhnF dy mn ivwc keI qrHF dIaF sLMkfvF vI isr cuwkx lwgIaF[ pr jdoN qfey bsMqy ny AuhnF nUM ieh qwQ kwZ ky dwisaf ik AuhnF nUM idhfVIaF dy ngd pYsy imlxgy qF AuhnF dy mn KusL ho gey aqy Auh pihlF nfloN vI vwD josL nfl KUh ivwcoN bfltIaF iKwc ky KUh ivwcoN gMdf pfxI kwZx ivwc jut gey[

38 cmHfrlI dy lok afpxIaF tokrIaF aqy khIaF lY ky sLfhvyly qoN pihlF hI bMn `qy phuMc gey[ nOjvfn iek dUsry `qy imwtI suwtdy hoey afps ivwc KyzF Kyzx lwgy[ aDyV aqy pwkI Aumr dy mrd bMn `qy KVH ky pfV df srvyKx krdy hoey Aus ivwc Bry pfxI dI zuMGfeI df anumfn lfAux ivwc ruJ gey[ qyjL Duwp dy bfvjUd AuhnF nUM grmI nhIN lg rhI sI aqy Auh AuzIkvfn njLrF nfl vfr vfr ipMz vl dyK rhy sn[ jdoN AuhnF ny cODrI hrnfm isMG, lflU Blvfn, bylf isMG, cODrI munsLI aqy mhfsLy qIrQ rfm nUM afpxI vwl afAuNidaF dyiKaf qF AuhnF ivwc KusLI dI lihr dOV geI[ Kyz aqy gwpsLwp bMd ho geI aqy Auh awKF `qy hwQF dIaF CqrIaF bxf ky AuhnF vwl ieMJ dyKx lwgy ijvyN AuhnF dy kdm imx rhy hox[ cODrI jd coa ivwc Auqr afey qF kuJ lok AuhnF vwl cly gey ijvyN imlxI krnI cfhuMdy hox[ Auh bMn `qy af ky afps ivwc slfh krn lwgy ik pfV nUM Brn leI imwtI ikwQoN puwtI jfvy[ cODrI hrnfm isMG ny suJfa idwqf ik imwtI prly kMZy vloN puwtI jfvy ikAuNik ies nfl coa df ruK prlI vwl ho jfeygf aqy bMn df ieh ihwsf BivwK ivwc hV dI mfr qoN bwicaf rhygf[ pr bylf isMG nUM ieh suJfa mnjLUr nhIN sI[ bhuq icr bihs-mubfhsy qoN bfad Auh ies iswty `qy phuMcy ik imwtI coa dy ivwcoN puwtI jfvy[ PYslf huMidaF hI kfmy qndyhI nfl khIaF clfAux lwgy aqy imwtI nfl tokrIaF Br ky pfV ivwc suwtx lwgy[ cODrI hrnfm isMG ny AuhnF `qy njLr suwtI aqy bylf isMG nUM kihx lwgf: “eydF lwgdf ik sfry cmfr nhIN afey[ ienHF lokF nUM qF pfV Brn ivwc Cy-swq idn lwgxgy[ iqMn-cfr idnF bfad Psl dI gozI vI jLrUrI hY[” bylf isMG ny AuhnF dI igxqI krn dI koisLsL kridaF ikhf: “hF, sfrf muhwlf nhIN phuMicaf[” cODrI hrnfm isMG ny qfey bsMqy nUM afpxy kol swd ky puwiCaf: “bsMiqaf, bfkI lok ikwQy hn?” “myry iKafl `c qF sfry af gey hn[” bsMqy ny srsrI ingHf mfridaF ikhf[ “nhIN sfry nhIN afey... kflI hY nhIN... jIqU hY nhIN... bwgf hY nhIN...[” cODrI hrnfm isMG nUM nF lYNidaF sux ky kuJ cmfr Auhdy kol af gey aqy igxqI pUrI krn lwgy[ “bwgf hY nhIN, Bjnf hY nhIN... PIrI hY nhIN... inwkU hY nhIN...mMgU hY nhIN...[” “mMgU nUM Cwzo, Auh myrI hvylI `c kMm kr irhf[... qUM jf ky sfiraF nUM swd ilaf... AuhnF nUM khIN ik tokrIaF lY ky jldI hI phuMc jfx[” “cmfrIaF Gry bYTIaF afpxy isrF `coN jUMaF kwZ rhIaF hoxgIaF, AuhnF nUM vI swd ilafeIN[ Auh tokrIaF `c imwtI Br ky suwtdIaF rihxgIaF[” bylf isMG ny hwsidaF suJfa idwqf[ cODrI hrnfm isMG ny ipMz vwl dOVy jFdy amrU nUM rok ky avfjL idwqI ik cmHfrlI ivwcoN aOrqF nUM kih dyvy ik Auh vI tokrIaF lY ky iewQy phuMc jfx[ “amrU myrI mF nUM kih deIN... afpxI BfbI nUM kih deIN... afpxI cfcI nUM kih deIN...[” iek vfrI hI keI avfjLF afeIaF aqy Auh afpxy mn ivwc socx lwgy ik jy hVH afAux nfl ies qrHF kMm iml skdf hY qF hr rojL hVH afAuxf cfhIdf hY[

vqn


QoVHI dyr bfad kflI, jIqU, bwgf aqy muhwly dy hor lok afAuNdy ids pey[ AuhnF dy ipwCy kuJ aOrqF vI isrF `qy tokrIaF cuwkI af rhIaF sn[ AuhnF nUM dyK ky bMn AuWqy kMm kr rhy lokF ivwc hlcl mc geI aqy kuJ plF leI khIaF ruk geIaF[ AuhnF dy afAux qoN bfad Auh iPr pfV ivwc imwtI suwtx ivwc rwuJ gey[ cODrI bMn `qy KVHy AuhnF nUM hukm dy rhy sn aqy jy cmfrF dy hwQ aqy kdm susq pY jFdy qF Auh gflHF `qy AuqfrU ho jFdy[ AuhnF ivwcoN koeI Psl dy nuksfn df ijLkr krdf qF bfkI lok Auhdy nfl sihmq huMdy hoey ieh kih ky gwl Kqm kr idMdy ik prmfqmf df sLukr hY ik cmHfrlI bc geI[ iehnF dy koTy pfxI ivwc ruV jFdy qF isr lukfAux leI jgHf vI nf bcdI[ sUrj isr `qy af igaf qF cODrI cmfrF nUM kMm jfrI rwKx df hukm dy ky ipMz vwl qur pey[ AuhnF vwloN ipwT moVidaF hI cmfrF ny khIaF aqy tokrIaF suwt idwqIaF aqy hPdy hoey ryq AuWqy bYT gey[ igwlI ryq qoN AuWT rhI BfP aqy huMms AuhnF dy srIrF ivwc ajIb ijhI bycYnI PYlf rhI sI[ ‘kuJ imlU-imlfAU vI ik bgfr `c kMm krf rhy hn?” jIqU ny puwiCaf[ “cODrIaF ny kuC ikhf qF nhIN, pr myry iKafl `c Auh ngd idhfVI dyxgy[” sMqU ny KusLI ivwc ikhf[ “sLfhvylf qF idwqf nhIN... ies leI pUrI idhfVI dy pYsy hI dyxgy[” bMqU ny vI AuhdI hfmI BrI[ “kuC ikhf qF hoxf?” kflI ny puwiCaf[ “iek afdmI df mfmlf huMdf qF kih vI idMdy[ sfry ipMz df mfmlf, ies leI pYsy jmHF krky hI vMzxgy[” qfey bsMqy ny sfiraF dIaF sLwkF nUM dUr kridaF ikhf[ kflI khI lY ky AuWiTaf qF jIqU ny Auhdf hwQ PV ilaf[ “asIN idhfVIdfr aF, kMm dI kI kfhlI af[ sO tOkrIaF suwtogy qF vIN Auny hI pYsy imlxgy, pMjfh suwtogy qF vI Auny hI[” kflI iJjk igaf aqy sfry lok hOlI-hOlI rotI Kfx aqy qyRh buJfAux leI cmHfrlI vwl af gey[ idn Zlx qoN bfad pfV nUM Brn df kMm iek vfr iPr jLor-sLor nfl sLurU ho igaf[ sLfm dy vkq bMn AuWqy lokF dI cMgI BIV ho geI[ cODrIaF dy Cokry zMgr-psLU sMBflx qoN bfad iPr AuWQy jmHF ho gey[ AuhnF ny imwtI puwtx df kMm Kud sMBfl ilaf aqy cmfr isrPL imwtI Zox dy kMm ivwc lwg pey[ Auh afps ivwc sLrqF lf lf imwtI puwtx lwgy aqy cmfr dOV-dOV ky tOkrIaF suwtx lwgy[ bMn AuWqy KVy cODrI cIkF mfrdy hoey rOlf pfAux lwgy[ pfV df pfxI coa vwl PYl irhf sI pr ryq AuhnUM sdIaF dy ipafsy vFgU pI rhI sI[ sUrj iCpx qwk pfV lgBg iek cOQfeI Br igaf[ cODrIaF dy mn KusL ho gey aqy Auh cmfrF nUM svyry CyqIN afAux dI qkId krky ipMz vwl qur pey[ cmfr AuWQy KVy hYrfnI nfl iek-dUjy df mUMh dyKx lwgy ik idhfVI dy pYsy kdoN imlxgy[ cODrI coa dy pfr cly gey qF cmfrF ivwc Kusr Pusr sLurU ho geI aqy ijAuN-ijAuN cODrIaF aqy AuhnF ivckfr Pfslf vDdf igaf, AuhnF dI Kusr-Pusr rOly ivwc bdldI geI aqy pYsy nf imlx `qy inrfsLf guwsy ivwc bdlx lwgI[ Auh mfXUsI ivwc ryq `qy bYT ky cODrIaF nUM gflHF kwZx lwgy[ hOlI hOlI lok buVbuVfAuNdy hoey cmHfrlI vwl qur pey[ sfiraF dy sfhmxy ieh hI svfl sI ik AuhnF nUM awj dI idhfVI dy pYsy imlxgy vI jF nhIN - jy imlxgy qF kdoN? qfieaf bsMqf hux cuwp sI[ jdoN keI lokF ny Auhdy koloN iek qrHF dI puwC-igwC sLurU kIqI - ijvyN AuhdI jvfbqlbI kr rhy hox - qF Auh BVk ipaf: “AuNJ qF hr grIb afdmI jnm qoN hI hoCf huMdf, pr qusIN kuJ ijLafdf hI ho[ aMb dI igtk jLmIn `c dbidaF hI cfhuMdy ho ik Aus AuWqy Pl pYxf sLurU ho jfvy aqy qusIN AuhnUM qoV ky Kf lvoN[ qusIN awj kMm kIqf af, kwlH nUM pYsy iml jfxgy[ kwlH nhIN imlxgy qF prsoN iml jfxgy[” “qfieaf, AuhnF nUM dwsxf qF cfhIdf sI[ Gwto-Gwt ieh qF ds idMdy ik do-cfr jF ds idnF bfad pYsy dyxgy[” sMqU ny ikhf[ “qUM AuhnF qoN mMgy sI?” “nhIN[” “qF iPr rOlf ikAuN pfAuNdf... quhfnUM kMm nhIN imldf qF roNdy ho, jy imldf qF roNdy ho[” qfey bsMqy dIaF gwlF sux ky Auh cuwp qF ho gey pr AuhnF dI qswlI nf hoeI[ kflI AuhnF dy Audfs mUMh dyK ky boilaf:

vqn


“sLihr ivwc pMdrF idnF bfad mjLdUrI imldI hY pr afrjLI kMm krn vfilaF nUM rojL dy rojL pYsy iml jFdy hn[” kflI dI sLih nfl qfieaf bsMqf sLyr ho igaf aqy sfiraF nUM byqukIaF suxfAux lwgf[ lokF dy qyvr iek vfr iPr bdlx lwgy qF kflI boilaf: “koeI hnHyr ngrI qF nhIN[ cODrI bgfr afpxy KRIdy hoey kmIn jF cmfr qoN lY skdf, sfry ipMz qoN nhIN lY skdf[ kwlH qkflF nUM jy Auh pYsy nhIN dyxgy qF afpF afp mMg lvFgy[” qfieaf bsMqf afpxI brfdrI dy hoCypn bfry roNdf hoieaf awgy inkl igaf aqy bfkI lok kuJ afpxy-afp nfl sLrimMdy aqy kuJ iPkrmMd Auhdy ipwCy ipwCy cmHfrlI vwl nUM kdm puwtx lwgy[

39

iqMn idn qwk cmHfrlI dy sfry mrd pfV Brn lwgy rhy[ Auh cODrIaF dy jfx bfad afps ivwc lVdy-JgVdy pr AuhnF ivwcoN iksy ivwc vI eynf hONslf nf huMdf ik Auh cODrIaF nfl idhfVI bfry gwl kr sky[ rih rih ky Auh qfey bsMqy nUM kosdy jo afp qF jF iek pfsy bYTf huwkf guVguVfAuNdf rihMdf jF iPr AuhnF nUM hukm idMdf rihMdf[ cOQy idn lok hr rojL vFg sLfhvyly qoN bfad bMn AuWqy phuMc gey pr Auh afpxIaF khIaF aqy tokrIaF afpxy hyTF dwb ky bYTy sn[ bMn df pfV awDy nfloN ijLafdf Br igaf sI[ sfiraF dIaF njLrF ipMz vl lwgIaF hoeIaF sn[ qfieaf bsMqf cuwp sI aqy AuhnF dIaF eyDr AuDr dIaF gwlF nUM ibnF iksy pRqIkrm dy sux irhf sI[ jdoN ipMz dy bfhr AuhnF nUM iqMn cODrI bMn vwl afAuNdy idsy qF AuhnF ivwc ajIb ijhI bycYnI PYl geI[ zr nfl AuhnF df ierfdf zfvFzol hox lwgf aqy Auh qfey bsMqy dy duafly iekwTy ho gey[ “qfieaf, ipClIaF iqMn idhfVIaF dy pYsy imlxgy qF asIN kMm krFgy[” sMqU ny ikhf[ ies qoN bfad hr jxy ny qfey bsMqy nUM ieh hI gwl khI[ Auh iPr vI cuwp irhf qF bMqU BVk ipaf: “qfieaf, kI qUM aMqriDafn ho igaF? eynI vfr iksy murdy nUM bulfAuNdy qF Auh vI hUM-hF krn lwgdf[” qfey bsMqy ny AuhdI tkor df vI koeI juafb nf idwqf[ ijAuN-ijAuN cODrI nyVy af rhy sn, cmfrF ivwc zr aqy bycYnI vwD rhI sI[ AuhnF ivwcoN keIaF ny afpxIaF khIaF ies qrHF sMBfl leIaF ijvyN imwtI puwtx leI iqafr hox[ “kflI, hux kI krnf[ iqMn idn ies AumId ivwc kMm krdy rhy ik idhfVIaF dy pYsy iml jfx bfad AuDfr lfh dyvFgy[” jIqU ny icMqf BrI avfjL ivwc ikhf[ jdoN qoN kflI ny cODrIaF df kMm krnf sLurU kIqf sI, jIqU ny AuhnUM bfbU jI kihxf bMd kr idwqf sI[ kflI hwQ ipwCy suwt aqy lwqF psfrI bYTf irhf[ jIqU ny afpxI gwl iPr duhrfeI qF Auh iKJ BrI avfjL ivwc boilaf: “qfey bsMqy nUM puwC[” cODrI bhuq nyVy af gey qF cmfrF ivwc zr dI Bfvnf qRfsdI bx geI aqy Auh iek-dUjy vwl dyKdy AuWT KVy hoey[ qfieaf bsMqf afpxy ivcfrF ivwc mgn bYTf irhf[ Auhdy mwQy dIaF sfrIaF nsF qx geIaF sn[ cODrI munsLI ny cmfrF nUM ivhly aqy bykrfr dyK ky ikhf, “ivhly ikAuN bYTy ho[ kI slfmI lYx bfad kMm sLurU krogy?” cmfrF ivwc mfmUlI ijhI hrkq hoeI pr AuhnF dIaF khIaF aqy tokrIaF ryq ivwc hI peIaF rhIaF[ cODrI hrnfm isMG ny AuhnF dy bdly hoey qOr dyK ky ikhf: “ieh bVI nfmurfd kOm hY[ iehnF dIaF sfrIaF afdqF mYhrUaF nfl imldIaF[ isr `qy KVy rho qF ieh hwQ ihlfAuNdy rihxgy[ ingHf dUjy pfsy kr lAu qF ieh bYT jFdy hn[” cODrI AuhnF dy ivckfr af KVy hoey qF qfieaf bsMqf vI alsfieaf ijhf AuWT KVf hoieaf[ cODrI munsLI kuwJ guwsy BrI avfjL ivwc boilaf: “bsMiqaf, ieQy koeI asq cugx afey ho jo ies qrHF bYTy hoey ho[ AuWTo, kMm kro[ sUrj pihlF hI isr `qy af igaf[” sfry cmfrF dIaF njLrF qfey bsMqy AuWqy lwgIaF hoeIaF sn[ Auh mn hI mn ivwc kMbdy hoey awD-KulHy hoTF nfl AuhdI vwl dyK rhy sn[ cODrI hrnfm isMG ny sfiraF nUM mF dI gflH kwZidaF ikhf: “ieh qF juwqI dy Xfr af[” aqy iPr Auh cmfrF vwl dyKdf guwsy BrI avfjL ivwc boilaf: “quhfzI kI nIq af?” kflI ajy vI hwQ ipwCy suwt aqy lwqF psfr ky bYTf sI[ qfieaf bsMqf awgy vwDdf hoieaf boilaf:

vqn


“cODrI, gwl ieh hY ik iqMn idnF qoN sfrI cmHfrlI iewQy kMm kr rhI hY pr iksy nUM vI ajy iek idhfVI dy pYsy nhIN imly[ jo afdmI rojL df rojL kmf ky KFdf, AuhnUM iqMn idn mjLdUrI nf imly qF Auh ikwQoN KfAUgf?” “quhfnUM ikhny ikhf sI ik ies kMm dy pYsy imlxgy?” cODrI hrnfm isMG ny qlK avfjL ivwc ikhf aqy iPr cODrI munsLI nUM sMboDq huMdf boilaf: “iehnF dy idmfg `c jLrUr koeI nf koeI kIVf hY jo kdy kdy ies qrHF dIaF gwlF krn lwgdy hn[” cODrI munsLI vI BVk ipaf aqy motI sfrI gflH kwZdf hoieaf boilaf: “koeI idhfVI nhIN imlxI[ AuWTo kMm kro vrnf mfr mfr ky iekwly iekwly df isr hdvfxy dy Kwpr vrgf bxf dAUNgf[” “cODrI, gflHF bfad `c kwZ leIN, pihlF myrI gwl qF sux lY[” qfey bsMqy ny DIrj nfl ikhf[ “kI gwl suxF qyrI[ iswDI qrHF kMm kro vrnf...[” cODrI munsLI ny juwqI lfhuMidaF ikhf[ cmHfrlI qoN coa vwl af rhIaF qIvINaF sLor-sLrfbf sux ky vfps muV geIaF aqy AuhnF ny muhwly ivwc rOlf pf idwqf[ bfbf Pwqf lfTI GVIsdf bMn vwl qur ipaf[ ipMz dy hor cODrIaF nUM vI ies Gtnf bfry Kbr imlI qF Auh vI bMn vwl nUM dOV pey[ jdoN Auh AuWQy phuMcy qF guwsy nfl cODrI munsLI dy mUMh ivwcoN Jwg vgx lwgI sI aqy Auhdf sfh Puwilaf hoieaf sI aqy Auh cmfrF nUM DmkIaF dy irhf sI[ cmfr sihmy hoey KfmosLI nfl sB-kuwJ sux rhy sn[ bfbf Pwqf izgdf-ZihMdf AuWQy phuMicaf aqy cODrIaF dIaF byqukIaF gflHF sux ky AuhnF nUM hwQ nfl cuwp rihx df iesLfrf krn lwgf[ pr cODrI gflHF kwZdy kih rhy sn ik kMm krn qoN nFh krn dI cmfrF dI ihMmq ikvyN peI[ kflI byqukIaF gflHF sux ky guwsy ivwc BwK irhf sI[ Auh AuWT ky cODrIaF kol af igaf aqy AuWcI avfjL ivwc boilaf: “kMm krn qoN kOx nFh kr irhf?... asIN isrP afpxIaF idhfVIaF dy pYsy mMgy hn[ ies `c eynIaF gflHF kwZx vflI ikhVI gwl hY?” “idhfVI kfhdI? ... ieh bMn afpxy afp nhIN tuwitaf[ iehnUM ipMz aqy cmHfrlI nUM bcfAux leI vwiZaf igaf sI[ sfzIaF keI GumF PslF qbfh ho geIaF[ kpfh dI Psl AugfAux vfly KyqF `c ryqf ivC geI hY aqy AuWQy hux Gfh vI nhIN AuWgxf[ ... aqy qusIN lok eyny bysLrm ho ik bMn `c pey pfV `c imwtI Brn leI pYsy mMg rhy ho[” cODrI hrnfm isMG ny iqwKI avfjL ivwc ikhf[ cmfrF ivwcoN iksy dy vI kol iehdf juafb nhIN sI[” qfieaf bsMqf aqy bfbf Pwqf cuwp sn[ bfkI cmfr KflI KflI njLrF nfl iek-dUjy vwl dyK rhy sn[ kflI kuwJ bolx lwgf qF cODrI hrnfm isMG ny AuhnUM bhuq guwsy BrI avfjL nfl tok idwqf: “ieh sfrI qyrI sLrfrq hY[ vkIlF vFg bihs krdF[” “cODrI jI iehdI gwl qF sux lAu[” bfby Pwqy ny kMbdI avfjL ivwc ikhf[ kflI guwsy ivwc Buwl igaf ik Auh kI kihxf cfhuMdf sI[ Auh cuwp irhf qF bfbf Pwqf nrm avfjL ivwc boilaf: “cODrI jI, quhfzI gwl TIk hY[ asIN quhfzy cmfr hF[ sfnUM qusIN nhIN bcfAugy qF hor kOx bcfeygf[ pr ieh vI soco ik jy qusIN idhfVI nhIN idEgo qF asIN lok KfvFgy ikwQoN[ iek awD idn dI gwl huMdI qF TIk sI, pr ies ivwc Cy-swq idn lwg jfxgy[ ieMny idnF leI grIb afdmI afpxy GroN rotI Kf ky bgfr nhIN kr skdf[” “Pwiqaf, qyrf idmfg vI Krfb ho igaf[ qUM isafxf, kuC akl dI gwl kr[” cODrI hrnfm isMG ny iJVkidaF ikhf[ sfry cmfrF nUM cODrI hrnfm isMG df lihjLf bhuq burf lwgf pr Auh cuwp rhy[ kflI ipwCy hwt ky ryq `qy jf bYTf[ bfbf Pwqf ruaFsf-ijhf ho ky cuwp ho igaf[ cODrI munsLI iek vfr iPr gflHF kwZx lwgf aqy ibPrI hoeI avfjL ivwc boilaf: “swq-awT idn qwk AudF vI quhfzy kol koeI kMm nhIN hoxf[ KyqF `c pfxI KVf, mwkI dI guzfeI bMd rhUgI[ AuhnF idnF ivwc AudF vI qF KflI bYT ky afpixaF GrF qoN hI KFdy ho[” “cODrI jI, quhfzI gwl TIk hY pr KflI bYTf bMdf do rotIaF Kf ky idn kwZ skdf[ pr ijhVf afdmI sfrf idn khI vfhUgf aqy tOkrI ZoAUgf, Auhdf do rotIaF nfl kuC nhIN bxdf... aqy iPr qusIN mfilk lok ho... quhfnUM iksy cIjL df vI Gftf nhIN[ sfzy leI qF iek idn kwtxf vI musLikl hY[” qfey bsMqy ny ikhf[

vqn


lflU Blvfn hux qwk cuwp KVf sI[ Auh bhuq gMBIr aqy Audfs-ijhf sfiraF dIaF gwlF sux irhf sI[ jdoN Auhny dyiKaf ik gwl vwDdI jf rhI hY qF Auh cODrIaF nUM sMboiDq huMidaF boilaf, “eydF kro ik hr Gr afpxy-afpxy cmfr nUM pYsy jF anfj dy dyvy[ ijLafdf rOly-rwpy df koeI Pfiedf nhIN[” lflU Blvfn dI gwl sux ky cODrI hrnfm isMG guwsy `c af igaf[ “cmfrF df idmfg Krfb ikAuN nf hovy, AuhnF nUM sLih dyx vfly ijAuN hYgy af[” “mYN iksy nUM sLih nhIN dy irhf, mYN qF isrP hwk dI gwl kr irhf[” lflU Blvfn ny ikhf[ “AudF jo PYslf qusIN krogy, Auh hI myrf PYslf hoAUgf[” cODrI hrnfm isMG ny afpxy afly-duafly KVy cODrIaF `qy ingHf mfrI aqy hr muhwly dy do-cfr afdmIaF hfjLr dyK ky boilaf: “qusIN lok iek muwTI ho jfvo qF cmfrF nUM iek idn `c iswDf kIqf jf skdf pr musLikl qF ieh hY ik sfzy ivwcoN sLih dyx vfly hfjLr hn[” Auhny cmfrF vwl jFidaF ikhf: “dyKo qusIN awg nfl Kyz rhy ho[ BlymfxsF dI qrHF kMm sLurU kr dyvo vrnf quhfzI kuwiqaF nfloN vI mfVI hflq krUMgf[ ... kMn KolH ky sux lvo... ieh kMm qusIN krnf hY aqy ies ivwc Cy idn lwgx jF ds ... iek pYsf nhIN imlxf[” cmfr KfmosL rhy qF cODrI hrnfm isMG ny iek vfr iPr AuhnF nUM llkfr ky ikhf aqy Auhny qfey bsMqy nUM ikhf: “bsMiqaf, kI mnsLf hY quhfzI?” “cODrI jI, pYsy ibnF kMm krky asIN KfvFgy ikwQoN?” “afpxI mF dy isr `coN KfE, mYnUM ies nfl koeI mqlb nhIN[ jo mYN puwCdf hF, Auhdf jvfb dy[” “mYN kI jvfb dyvF[ sfry jxy iewQy KVy hn, iehnF qoN puwC lAu[” qfey bsMqy dI ingHf vfrI vfrI sfiraF `qy GuMm geI[ sfry cmfr KfmosL KVHy sn[ cODrI hrnfm isMG ijs vl dyKdf Auh ingfhF Jukf lYNdf aqy Auhdy svfl df koeI jvfb nf idMdf[ cODrI ny kflI vwl dyiKaf qF Auh spsLt avfjL ivwc boilaf: “mYN ibnF pYsy dy kMm nhIN krUMgf[”kflI ny afpxI tokrI cuwk leI[ cODrI hrnfm isMG ny AuhnUM gflH kwZI qF Auh BVk ipaf: “cODrI, ieh gflHF mYnUM vI afAuNdIaF[ mUMh sMBfl ky gwl kr[ asIN imhnq vycdy aF, iewjLq nhIN[ mfvF BYxF sfiraF dy GrIN hn[” ieh sux ky dUsry cODrI vI guwsy ivwc af gey[ cODrI munsLI ieh soc ky awg-bbUlf ho irhf sI ik ipMz dy cmfr df eynf hONslf ikvyN ipaf ik AuhnF dy sfhmxy mUMh KolyH[ Auh dMd pINhdf boilaf: “iehnF sfiraF nUM ipMz `coN kwZ idAu[” “iehnF df KyqF `c afAuxf-jfxf bMd kr idE[” “iehnF dIaF qIvINaF KyqF `c afAux qF AuhnF nUM AuWQy hI Gyr lAu[” “cmfr Kyq `c jfx qF sfilaF nUM jfnoN mfr idAu[” “kuwiqE cmfro, qusIN awzIaF rgV-rgV ky mrogy[ asIN quhfnUM BuwKy mfr idaFgy[” keI cODrI iek sfQ bol AuWTy[ “cODrIE afdmI iksy nUM irjk nhIN idMdf[ sfnUM vI AuhI irjk idMdf jo quhfnUM idMdf hY[ quhfnUM jLmInF df hMkfr hY[... asIN quhfzIaF bhuq sux leIaF... pr hr cIjL dI hwd huMdI hY[ asIN pwQr nhIN, asIN vI iensfn hF[” kflI ny awgy vwD ky josL BrI avfjL ivwc ikhf[ bfby Pwqf kflI dy hwk ivwc boilaf qF bylf isMG boilaf: “Pwiqaf, mr qF qUM AudF hI jfxf[ ikAuN afpxf KUn iksy dUsry dy isr mVHnf cfhuMdf hYN[” “cODrI rihMdI dunIaf qwk ijLMdf rihx df ptf qyry kol vI hY nhIN[” qfey bsMqy ny ikhf[ “bsMiqaf, qyrI ieh mjLfl ik sfzy sfhmxy mUMh KolHyN[” cODrI munsLI ny pYr `coN juwqI lfhuMidaF ikhf[ kflI tokrI suwt ky qfey bsMqy dy sfhmxy jf KVHf hoieaf[ lflU Blvfn mfmlf vwDdf dyK sfiraF nUM sLFq krn df Xqn krn lwgf[ cODrI munsLI AuhnMU iek pfsy Dwkdf hoieaf boilaf: “mYN dyKdF, kMm krn qoN ikwdF nFh krdy hn?” Auh afpxy kol KVHy cmfr nUM moZy qoN PV ky pfV vwl Dwkx lwgf[ jdoN Auhny kflI vwl juwqI lihrfAuNidaF kMm krn nUM ikhf qF Auh idRV avfjL `c boilaf: “mYN ibnF pYisaF dy kMm nhIN krUMgf[ mYN iksy kol gihxy nhIN ipaf jo bgfr krF[”

vqn


kflI afpxI tokrI aqy khI cuwk ky ipMz vwl qur ipaf[ AuhnUM jFdf dyK bfkI cmfrF df vI hONslf vD igaf aqy Auh Auhdy ipwCy-ipwCy afAux lwgy[ cODrIaF ny AuhnF nUM jFdy dyiKaf qF Auh guwsy `c kMbx lwgy[ cODrI hrnfm isMG ny bfeIkft dI DmkI idwqI qF qfieaf bsMqf boilaf: “cODrIE, jy quhfzI ieh mrjLI hY qF ieh vI kr ky dyK lAu[” cODrIaF df guwsf isKr qwk jf phuMicaf[ Auh nvINaF nvINaF DmkIaF dy rhy sn aqy gflHF kwZ rhy sn aqy cmfr jvfb ivwc buVbuVfAuNdy cmHfrlI vwl nUM jf rhy sn[

40 bMn qoN cODrI, mhfsLy dI dukfn `qy af gey[ Auh guwsy ivwc jo mUMh afieaf Auh bolI jf rhy sn pr AuhnF ivwcoN iksy df vI idmfg sfP nhIN sI ik nvIN hflq nfl iks qrHF nijwiTaf jfvy[ mhfsLf qIrQ rfm cODrIaF nUM hor vI BVkf irhf sI aqy CwjU sLfh ies ivcfr ivwc lIn sI ik Auh ies hflq qoN ikvyN Pfiedf AuTf skdf hY[ zfktr ivsLndfs bhuq josL ivwc sI aqy huwky dI nfV nUM mUMh qoN lfh ky Aus vyly hI dubfrf mUMh nUM lf lYNdf[ CwjU sLfh ny lflU Blvfn nUM cuwp dyiKaf qF nyVy jf ky Auhdy kMn ivwc boilaf: “Blvfn jI, qusIN ikAuN cuwp ho?” “mYN kI khF[ ieh lok hvf ivwc zFgf mfr rhy hn[” CwjU sLfh buwlF ivwc muskrfieaf aqy ies ieMqjLfr ivwc bYT igaf ik cODrI cuwp hox qF Auh gwl kry[ sLor-sLrfbf kuwJ Gwt huMdf qF koeI hor cODrI AuWQy af jFdf aqy nvyN isry qoN gflI-gloc sLurU ho jFdf[ AuWQy eyny lok iekwTy ho gey ik mhfsLy dI dukfn dy QVHy AuWqy iql iswtx nUM QF nf rhI[ hr iek afdmI cmfrF nUM qihs nihs krn dI gwl kr irhf sI[ AuhnF nUM sjLf dyx dy nvyN qrIikaF df suJfa dy irhf sI[ lflU Blvfn AuWT ky KVH igaf aqy sfiraF nUM cuwp rihx df iesLfrf krdf hoieaf AuWcI pr TrHmy BrI avfjL ivwc boilaf: “myrI gwl mMno qF cmfrF nUM swd ky mfmlf rPf-dPf kr idAu[ tokrI `coN zuwlHy byrF df ajy kuC nhIN ivgiVaf[ AuhnF df quhfzy ibnF gujLfrf nhIN aqy quhfzf AuhnF ibnF gujLfrf nhIN[” lflU Blvfn dI avfjL bdly dIaF guwsy BrIaF avfjLF `c guafc geI[ cODrI iek vfr iPr BVk pey[ CwjU sLfh ies mOky nUM TIk smJ ky boilaf: “cODrIE, mfmlf quhfzf aqy cmfrF df hY[ mYnUM ivwc dKl dyx df koeI hwk nhIN pr mYN eynf jLrUr khUMgf ik guwsy nUM Quwk ky aqy kRoD nUM Cwz ky ieh soco ik awgy kI krnf hY?” CwjU sLfh dI gwl sux ky cODrI hor vI ijLafdf BVk pey aqy bhuq sfry lok iekwTy bolx lwgy[ cODrI hrnfm isMG ny AuhnF nUM sLFq rihx df iesLfrf kIqf aqy iek iek sLbd AuWqy jLor idMdf boilaf: “CwjU sLfh TIk kihMdf[ ies qrHF rOlf pfAux df koeI Pfiedf nhIN[ hux ieh soco ik cmfrF nUM sjLf kI dyxI hY[” cODrI hrnfm isMG ny afpxI gwl Kqm krky lflU Blvfn vwl dyiKaf qF Auh gMBIr avfjL ivwc boilaf: “myrI mMno qF cmfrF nUM swd ky mfmlf rPf-dPf kr idAu[ myry Ausqfd ny ieh hI isKfieaf ik JgVy nUM vDfAuxf nhIN cfhIdf, sgoN GtfAuxf cfhIdf[” cODrI rOlf pf rhy sn ik GVwm cODrI AuWQy af igaf aqy AuhnF sfiraF nUM rOlf pfAuNidaF dyK ky boilaf: “kI ho igaf jo kfvF vFgU kfvFrOlI pf rhy ho?” “cODrI, cmfrF nfl JgVf ho igaf[” mhfsLy ny ikhf[ “qF Qfxy jf ky rpt drjL krfAu, iewQy ikAuN bYTy ho?” GVMm cODrI sfiraF AuWqy AuWzdI AuWzdI njLr mfr ky boilaf: “quhfzy nfl quhfzy ipMz dy cmfr hI lVn lwgy qF bfkI ipMzF dy jwt quhfnUM kwcf hI Kf jfxgy[” GVMm cODrI dI gwl sux ky lok iek vfr iPr Auqyijq ho gey[ cODrI munsLI vI svyr df bol bol ky Qwk igaf sI[ Auh gl sfP krdf hoieaf boilaf: “KyqF `c jfx, Gfh Koqx aqy ipMz dIaF glIaF `c afAux jfx qoN mnfhI kr idAu[” “awj qoN koeI afdmI AuhnF nUM afpxy Gr nf afAux dyvy[ AuhnF qoN koeI kMm nf krfvy[ sfilaF nUM do idn Pfky kwtxy pY gey qF mfpy Xfd af jfxgy[” cODrI hrnfm isMG ny ikhf[

vqn


“AuhnF df cmHfrlI qoN bfhr afAuxf jfxf bMd kr idAu[ eydF dI nfkf-bMdI kro ik sfilaF nUM twtI-ipsLfb jfx nUM jgHf nf lwBy[” bylf isMG ny suJfa idwqf[ “qusIN AuhnF nUM coa aqy vwzy rfh `qy afAux jfx qoN nhIN rok skdy[ eydF krnf jLurm hY[” GVMm cODrI ny ikhf[ CwjU sLfh cODrIaF nUM PYslf krdy dyK ky boilaf, “qusIN qF cmfrF dy bfeIkft df PYslf kr ilaf hY pr sfzy bfry `c kI soicaf[ qusIN AuhnF nUM bfhr nf inklx idAugo qF sfzy zMgr BuwKy mr jfxgy[ asIN AuhnF nUM pwTy ikwQoN pfvFgy[ asIN afpxI dukfndfrI krFgy jF zMgrF leI Gfh Koqdy iPrFgy[” CwjU sLfh ny mhfsLy vwl dyKidaF ikhf[ “CwjU sLfh iblkul TIk kihMdf[ quhfzy dohF iDrF dI lVfeI `c sfzy zMgr BuwKy mr jfxgy[” mhfsLf boilaf[ cODrI josL ivwc sn[ bylf isMG ny CwjU sLfh nUM ikhf ik Auh afpxI mwJ leI Auhdy Kyq ivwcoN brsIn vwZ ilafieaf kry[ ijs idn Auh nf jf skUgf Auhdf muMzf brsIn dI pMz suwt jfieaf krUgf[ cODrI hrnfm isMG ny mhfsLy leI aijhf hI pRbMD kr idwqf qF CwjU sLfh aqy mhfsLf cmfrF nUM gflHF kwZdy hoey cODrIaF nUM qfkId krn lwgy ik AuhnF nUM aijhf sbk isKfAux ik Auh BivwK ivwc AuhnF dy sfhmxy awK cuwkx df hIaF nf kr skx[ zfktr ivsLndfs hux qwk huwky nfl icMbiVaf hoieaf sI[ mhfsLy ny huwky dI nfV Auhdy hwQoN iKwcidaF ikhf: “qUM qF huwky dy nfl hI icMbV igaF[” ies gwl AuWqy hlkI ijhI hfsV mwc geI aqy cODrI iek-iek krky AuWQoN iKsk gey[ jdoN mhfsLy dI dukfn AuWqy do-cfr afdmI hI rih gey qF zfktr dfrsLink Bfv ivwc boilaf: “ieh pRolyqfrIaF aqy srmfeydfrF dI twkr hY[” mhfsLy ny AuhdI gwl nUM axsuxI kr idwqf qF ivsLndfs jLor-jLor nfl isr ihlfAuNdf hoieaf boilaf: “cfcf qIrQ rfmf, myrI gwl Xfd rwKIN... ieh byjLmIny Kyq mjLdUrF aqy ijLmINdfrF dI lVfeI hY[ ieh pRolyqfrIaF aqy srmfeydfrF dI jMg hY[” mhfsLf qIrQ rfm cuwp irhf pr ivsLndfs nUM afpxI hI khI hoeI gwl AuWqy hYrfnI hoeI[ AuhnMU Xfd afieaf ik sMsfr ivwc sPl aqy asPl kRFqIaF ies qrHF dIaF CotIaF CotIaF GtnfvF qoN hI sLurU hoeIaF sn[ ijwQy ienklfbI qfkqF nUM cMgI lIzrisLwp iml geI AuWQy Auh kfmXfb ho geIaF aqy ijwQy ienklfbI qfkqF pUrI qrHF jQybMd nf ho skIaF, AuWQy AuhnF dI hfr ho geI[ zfktr afpxy idmfg ivwc ieiqhfs dy sPy pltdf hoieaf, rUs, PrFs aqy spyn qwk jf phuMicaf[ Auhdy mn ivwc hr pl Auqyjnf vwD rhI sI[ Auh huwky dy do-cfr qyjL qyjL ksL iKwc ky kfhlI nfl AuWiTaf aqy juwqI GVIsdf cmHfrlI vwl af igaf[ zfktr ivsLndfs cmHfrlI dy KUh kol phuMicaf qF AuhnUM muhwly ivwc kuJ lok AuWcI avfjL ivwc gwlF krdy suxfeI idwqy[ Auh AuWQy hI ruk igaf aqy iDafn nfl AuhnF dIaF avfjLF suxn lwgf[ iPr Auh glI ivwc awgy vwD igaf[ glI ivwc sfiraF GrF dy drvfjLy KuwlHy sn pr aMdr koeI nhIN sI[ cgfn vwloN af rhy rOly vwl Auh iKwcdf quiraf igaf[ Auh cgfn qoN pihlF hI ruk igaf[ hux AuhnUM avfjLF sfP sfP suxfeI dy rhIaF sn[ cmfr vI cODrIaF dI bfeIkft dI DmkI qoN pYdf hox vflI siQqI nfl inptx dy ZMg soc rhy sn[ nOjvfn cmfr cfhuMdy sn ik bfeIkft df juafb bfeIkft nfl idwqf jfvy[ cODrI bfad ivwc mMn vI jfx qF vI AuhnF nUM bfeIkft jfrI rwKxf cfhIdf[ ieh gwlF sux ky zfktr KusL ho igaf aqy mn-hI-mn socx lwgf ik imhnqksL qbkf jdoN jfg AuWTdf hY qF dunIaF dI koeI qfkq Auhdf mukfblf nhIN kr skdI[ bjLurg cmfrF df vqIrf kuwJ nrm sI[ AuhnF df qrk sI ik cODrIaF dy nfl hmysLF leI ivgfV pf ky ipMz ivwc rihxf sMBv nhIN hY[ ieh qF ho nhIN skdf ik rihx ies ipMz ivwc aqy kMm krn dUjy ipMz ivwc[ pr jdoN nOjvfn cmfr afpxI gwl AuWqy aV gey qF bfbf Pwqf AuhnF nUM smJfAuNdf hoieaf boilaf: “puqro, ieh vI qF soco ik ds idn kMm nf imilaf qF KfvFgy ikwQoN[ qusIN kMm kro jF nf kro pr iZwz qF rotI mMgUgf hI[” “bfhr jf ky imhnq mjLdUrI kr lvFgy[” keI sfrIaF avfjLF iekwTIaF hI afeIaF[ “qusIN hfly bwcy ho, qusIN dunIaf nhIN dyKI[ corF dy cor Xfr aqy jwtF dy jwt Xfr... quhfnUM dUsry ipMz ivwc iksy ny kMm nhIN dyxf[ iPr dUsry ipMzF ivwc vI qF cmfr rihMdy hn[ AuhnF dI QF qusIN kMm krogy qF Auh ikwQy jfxgy?” bfby Pwqy ny ikhf[ “Gfh Koq ky vycFgy[“ “Gfh asmfn `qy qF Koqogy nhIN... cODrI afpxI jLmIn `qy Gfh nhIN Koqx dyxgy qF kI krogy?” “BuwKy rih ky idn kwt lvFgy[”

vqn


“quhfzI mrjLI[” bfby Pwqy ny inrfsL avfjL ivwc ikhf[ zfktr df mn ieh soc ky KusL ho igaf ik pRoloqfrI vrg sMGrsL leI pwkf ierfdf krI bYTf hY[ Auh josL ivwc do-cfr kdm hor awgy vwDdf hoieaf socx lwgf ik jy iehnF nUM cMgI lIzrisLwp iml jfvy qF iehnF df sMGrsL sPl ho skdf hY[ Auh afpxI soc Cwz ky iPr AuhnF dIaF gwlF suxn lwgf[ hux cmfrF dy sfhmxy ieh smwisaf sI ik kwlH svyry AuhnF dIaF qIvINaF cODrIaF dIaF hvylIaF ivwc gohf cuwkx jfx jF nhIN[ nOjvfn cmfr nf jfx dy pwK ivwc sn jdoN ik vwzI Aumr dy cmfr cfhuMdy sn ik iek vfr jfxf cfhIdf hY... jy cODrI mnHF kr dyx qF Aus qoN bfad iblkul nhIN jfxf cfhIdf[ ies mfmly bfry bhuq icr qwk bihs krn dy bfvjUd Auh iksy PYsly AuWqy nhIN phuMc rhy sn[ jdoN gwl lMmI huMdI geI aqy Auh afps ivwc hI AulJx lwgy qF kflI, jo hux qwk cuwp sI, sfiraF nUM sLFq krdf hoieaf boilaf: “dyKo rOlf pfAux df koeI Pfiedf nhIN[ cODrIaF dI ijLafdqI dy awgy iblkul nhIN Jukxf cfhIdf pr sfnUM pihl nhIN krnI cfhIdI[ awj vI AuhnF ny pihl kIqI hY[ kwlH nUM vI AuhnF nUM pihl krn dyvo[” kflI dy smJfAux-buJfAux nfl bMqU, sMqU afid mMn gey[ jdoN ieh aYlfn kIqf ik kwlH svyry muhwly dIaF qIvINaF hr rojL vFgU cODrIaF dIaF hvylIaF ivwc kMm-kfj krn jfxgIaF, qF zfktr stptf AuWiTaf[ AuhnUM gwusf af irhf sI ik kflI ny cmfrF df ienklfbI josL TMZf kr idwqf hY[ Auh socx lwgf ik sLihr ivwc cfr pYsy kmf lYx bfad Auh kuwJ burjLvf ivcfrF df ho igaf hY[ cgfn ivwcoN bwcy aqy aOrqF iKMzrn lwgIaF qF zfktr bfhr KUh dy kol af igaf[ Auh coa vwl jFdf pr QoVHy hI smyN ipwCoN iPr muV afAuNdf[ Auh kflI dI AuzIk ivwc sI ik Auh eyDr afvy qF Auhdy nfl gwl kry aqy Auhdy aMdr ienklfbI siprt Bry[ kuC dyr bfad KUh AuWqy lokF df afAuxf-jfxf sLurU ho igaf[ zfktr kuwJ dUr KyqF ivwc jf ky bYT igaf aqy kflI dI AuzIk krn lwgf[ Auh ieh nhIN cfhuMdf sI ik iksy nUM ieh aihsfs hovy ik Auh kflI dI AuzIk kr irhf sI[ Auh ieh vI cfhMudf sI ik kflI dy nfl AuhdI mulfkfq nUM bfkI lok sihjBfv nfl hI lYx[ kflI jdoN KUh AuWqy afieaf qF zfktr KyqF ivwcoN inkl ky hOlI-hOlI kdm puwtdf Auhdy vwl nUM qur ipaf[ jdoN Auh KUh dy nyVy phuMicaf qF kflI nhf ky afpxf sfPf incoV irhf sI[ AuhnUM dyKidaF hI kflI ny bMdgI kIqI qF zfktr ruk igaf aqy sihj avfjL ivwc boilaf: “suxfAu zfktr jI,” kflI bfltI cuwk ky Auhdy vwl vwD igaf[ “awj cODrIaF aqy quhfzI lVfeI ikwdF ho geI?” “quhfnUM pqf nhIN?” kflI ny hYrfnI nfl puwiCaf aqy iPr zfktr nMU pUrI gwl dws idwqI[ zfktr lMmI ijhI hUM bfad boilaf: “srmfeydfr aqy ijLmINdfr hmysLF qoN hI imhnqksL aqy pRoloqfrI qbky `qy jLulm krdy afey hn, AuhnUM aYksplfiet krdy rhy hn[ pr jdoN pRoloqfrI qbky ivwc ienklfbI siprt jfg AuWTdI hY qF Auh hVH bx ky iehnF qfkqF nUM qIilaF dI qrHF roV ky lY jFdI hY[” kflI ijAuN ijAuN cODrIaF dIaF ijLafdqIaF df ijLkr kr irhf sI, zfktr df josL vwDdf jf irhf sI[ Auh kflI nUM tokdf hoieaf boilaf: “mYnUM sfrf pqf hY[ mhfsLy dI dukfn `qy sfrIaF gwlF myry sfhmxy hoeIaF hn[ ipMz dy ijLmINdfrF dy nfl ipMz dy srmfeydfr vI iml gey hn[ pr XkIn rwKo ijwq pRoloqfrI qbky dI hI hoAUgI[ bws quhfnUM cMgI lIzrisLwp dI jLrUrq hY[ Auhdf bMdobsq mYN kr dAUNgf[” zfktr ivsLndfs kflI nUM sLfm nUM imlx df vcn dy ky qyjL-qyjL kdm puwtdf kMDfly vwl nUM qur ipaf[ AuWQy Auhdf dosq aqy ielfky df sB qoN purfxf kfmryz tihl isMG rihMdf sI[ zfktr cfhuMdf sI ik GoVyvfhy dy cmfrF dy jmfqI sMGrsL dI agvfeI pfrtI dy hwQ af jfvy[ Auh afp ies leI sfhmxy nhIN afAuxf cfhuMdf sI ikAuNik Auhdy afpxy ipMz df mfmlf sI[ tihl isMG dUjy ipMz df rihx vflf sI aqy dUjf jwt sI[ ipMz vfilaF nUM pqf vI lwg igaf qF Auh Auhdf kuwJ nhIN ivgfV skxgy[ zfktr ivsLndfs nUM kfmryz tihl isMG Gr hI iml igaf[ dovF ny muwkf idKf ky iek dUjy nUM lfl slfm kIqf aqy hflcfl puwC ky mMjy AuWqy bih gey[ tihl isMG awDKV Aumr df iqrCI dfVI vflf iswK sI[ Auhny zfktr nUM cfh-pfxI puwiCaf qF Auh Auqyijq avfjL ivwc boilaf: “cfh-pfxI ikhnUM suwJdf? sfzy ipMz `c awj jLbrdsq lVfeI ho geI hY[”

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“kI ho igaf?” tihl isMG ny bycYnI nfl puwiCaf[ “cmfrF aqy cODrIaF dI lVfeI ho geI[” “ieh qF rojL dI gwl hY[” tihl isMG ny hwsidaF ikhf[ “ieh AudF dI lVfeI nhIN hY[ dovyN iDrF ny iek dUjy df bfeIkft kr idwqf hY[” zfktr df josL hor vI vwD igaf[ zfktr ivsLndfs JgVy df ivsQfr nfl ibafn krn lwgf[ tihl isMG bhuq iDafn nfl suxdf irhf[ jdoN zfktr ny afpxf mksd dwisaf qF Auh soc ivwc pY igaf aqy gMBIr avfjL ‘c boilaf: “iehnF cmfrF df koeI Brosf nhIN hY[ pihlF afkVdy hn aqy iPr Jwg vFg bih jFdy hn[” “eydF dI gwl nhIN[ mfmlf bhuq sMgIn hY[ ipMz dy dukfndfr vI cODrIaF df sfQ dy rhy hn[ ipMz dy imhnqksLF ivruwD ijLmINdfr aqy burjLUaf donoN iml gey hn[” tihl isMG aqy zfktr ivsLndfs gwlF krdy krdy AuWT KVHy hoey aqy dovyN ipMzF dy ivckfr coa dy kMZy tfhlIaF dI iJVI ivwc af bYTy[ bhuq soc ivcfr bfad dovyN ies PYsly `qy phuMcy ik AuhnF dI shfieqf leI hnHyrf hox bfad AuhdI dukfn ivwc mIitMg kIqI jfvy[ kflI, bMqU aqy sMqU nUM swidaf jfvy[ Emf aqy AuWcy mhwly vflf cMnx isMG vI af jfxgy[ zfktr ivsLndfs ny Emy aqy cMnx isMG nUM sUrj iCpx qoN pihlF hI swd ilaf[ Auh kflI aqy tihl isMG nUM AuzIkdf Emy aqy cMnx isMG nUM dysL ivwc Gtx vflIaF ienklfbI GtnfvF dy bfry smJfAux lwgf ik iks qrHF dysL dy KUMjy-KUMjy ivwc, dUr-dUr dy sUibaF ivwc, ipMzF aqy sLihrF ivwc pRolyqfrI aqy ienklfbI qfkqF srmfeydfrF dy CwzXMqr nUM asPl bxf ky ienklfb nUM nyVy ilaf rhIaF hn[ tihl isMG dy afAux `qy zfktr cuwp ho igaf[ tihl isMG iqMnF nUM jmfqI sMGrsS df ZMg, rUs dy vwzy ienklfb dIaF AudfhrnF dy ky smJfAux lwgf[ tihl isMG boldf boldf Qwk igaf aqy Emf suxdf suxdf AUNGx lwgf qF zfktr nUM aihsfs hoieaf ik hnHyrf zUMGf ho igaf hY[ tihl isMG iqlI dy PuwlF vFg asmfn ivwc PYly hoey qfiraF nUM dyK ky icMiqq avfjL ivwc boilaf: “kfmryz, qyry bMdy ajy qwk nhIN afey...” aqy iPr Auh PYslfkuMn avfjL ivwc boilaf: “kfmryz, cmfrF nMU mYN cMgI qrHF jfxdf hF[ iehnF lokF ivwc jwdojihd krn df dm hY nhIN[ jLorfvr jmfq nfl dsq-pMjf lYx leI bhuq hONslf cfhIdf[” “kfmryz, qyrI gwl TIk hY, pr kflI hONsly vflf jvfn hY[ Auh Cy sfl sLihr ivwc vI rih afieaf hY[ ies twkr ivwc sfnUM cmfrF ivwc kyzr lwBx aqy iqafr krn df mOkf imlUgf[ sfzy sYWl ivwc jwt, KwqrI, bfhmx... sfrIaF jfqF dy kfmryz hn pr cmfr iek vI nhIN hY[” zfktr ny ikhf[ kfPI dyr qwk AuzIk krn bfad vI jdoN cmHfrlI ivwcoN koeI nf afieaf qF cMnx isMG afp jf ky kflI aqy bMqU nUM swd ilafieaf[ zfktr qoN ies mIitMg df mksd sux ky kflI nUM KusLI hoeI ik AuhnF dI shfieqf leI kuJ lok iqafr hn[ AuhnF ny grmI dy bfvjUd bUhf Zoa ilaf[ Auh iek mYly ijhy dIvy dy afly duafly bYT gey[ zfktr ny tihl isMG dI kflI aqy bMqU nfl jfx-pCfx krvfeI[ QoVHf icr qwk eyDr-AuWDr dIaF gwlF krn bfad tihl isMG ny AuhnF nUM, ivsLysL rUp ivwc kflI aqy bMqU nUM jmfqI jwdojihd df mhwqv smJfieaf[ QoVHy hI icr ivwc zfktr, tihl isMG aqy cMnx isMG cMgI bihs ivwc AulJ gey[ dovyN isgrt PUkdy hoey mfrks, aYNgljL, lYinn aqy dUsry vwzy-vwzy kimAUinst nyqfvF dy hvfly dy rhy sn[ Emf iPr AUNGx lwgf sI[ tihl isMG, zfktr vwl AuNglI krdf hoieaf josL ivwc boilaf: “kfmryz qyrI phuMc tRftskI dI lfien nfl imldI-juldI hY[” zfktr ny jvfb ivwc hor keI nF igxf idwqy aqy Auh afpxy-afp lfgy bYTy lokF nUM Buwl ky iPr bihs ivwc AulJ gey[ ies sfrI bihs df kfrn ieh sI ik zfktr kflI dI ies gwl df smrQk sI ik cmfrF nUM jy Pfky nf kwtxy pey qF Auh bhuq idnF qwk jwtF dy bfeIkft df mukfblf kr skxgy[ pr tihl isMG df ivcfr sI ik kflI dI ieh soc pRolyqfrI siprt dy Ault hY ikAuNik ies qoN ieh pqf lwgdf hY ik ieh lok kMmcor hn[ ienklfbI siprt df Bfv ieh hY ik Pfky kwt ky, golIaF Kf ky aqy jfn nMU qlI `qy rwK ky sMGrsL kIqf jfvy[ bhuq lMmI-cOVI bihs bfad ieh PYslf kIqf igaf ik sB qoN pihlF ipMz ivwc cmfrF dy hwk ivwc pRfpygMZf kIqf jfvy[ bfkI gwlF bfad ivwc socIaF jfxgIaF[ Emf ies vkq zUMGI nINd ivwc suwqf hoieaf GrfVy mfr irhf sI[ zfktr ny AuhnUM bhuq musLikl nfl jgf ky Gr Byijaf[ tihl isMG agly idn imlx df vfadf krky kfhlI kfhlI bfhr inkl igaf[ cmHfrlI vwl afAuNidaF bMqU ny kflI nUM ikhf: “ieh qF Quwk nfl pkOVy pkfAuNdy rhy hn[” “dyKdf jf, sLfied kwlH nUM qyl vI af jfvy[” kflI ny juafb idwqf aqy cmHfrlI vwl muV igaf[ !

vqn


XfdF dy JroKy `coN

iksmq

mUl lyKkf: gurmIq kuibsyk (aMgryjLI ivwc)

anuvfd: joigMdr sLmsLyr

myrI mF afpxy swjy hwQ df dohrf aµgUTf lY ky jµmI sI[iksy vyly Auh ieh khfxI dsdI huµdI sI[ik ikvyN ieh Ébr ipµzoN ipµzIN PYl geI sI[ ieQoN qIkr ik lokIN ieh kihx lwg pey sn, ik KYihraF ivc iewk bwcI ny jnm ilaf hY, ijsdf ichrf hI hY nhIN[ ies mUrÉqf qy Ausƒ hfsf af jFdf[ AuNJ jdoN Auh ieh gl dsdI ik iewk joqÈI ny ieh BivÈ bfxI kIqI sI ik iek idn Auh sÌr krky dUr Ìfsly jf ky iksy QF rhygI[ mF Tµzf sfh BrdI qy kihµdI ”jo AusdI iksmq ivc hY”[mYƒ ivÈvfs hY ik myrI mF df aµgUTf iewk idn vI AusdI AudfsI df kfrn nhIN sI bixaf[ pr afpxI siBaqf aqy pirvfr ƒ dUr ipwCy Cwz ky afAuxf ËrUr bixaf hovygf[ myrI mF 1933 dy sfl ivc kYnyzf afeI sI[ kYnyzf ivc eIst ieµzIanF ƒ vot pfAux dy hwk imlx qoN 14 sfl pihlF aqy ihµdosqfn ƒ brqfnIaF qoN afËfdI prfpq krn qoN vI 14 sfl pihlF[ ”stYits kYnyzf” anusfr 1920-1945 ivckfr ieµzIaF qoN kyvl 675 ivakqI hI kYnyzf ivc dfiÉl hoey sn[ jdoN mYN afpxI mF dI pfsport qy Ìoto dyKI[ mYQoN Auh pCfxI hI nf geI[ Aus Auqy pfsport rwKx vfly df nfm imisj gurbcn kOr pqnI muxÈf isµG sI[ Aus smy ihµdosqfn ivc goq Èfied hI koeI ilKdf hovy[AuNJ mYƒ ieµJ lwgf, ik myrI mF dI ÈnfÉq aqy iksmq sµpUrn qOr qy myry ipqf vloN AulIky jfx vfly rfhF nfl bwJI hoeI sI[ Ausdf jnm asQfn ipµz Kihrf, iËlf hoiÈafrpur, pµjfb drj kIqf hoieaf sI[ pfsport ieh dsdf sI ik Auh1914 ivc pYdf hoeI hY[ nf mhInf drj sI nf idn[ bfad dy pfsportF ivc 19 jnvrI dI qfrIK dI rcnf kIqI geI sI[ kYnyzf ivc koeI aijhf nhIN sI huµdf, ijsdI jnm imqI nf hovy[ ihµdosqfn ivc AudoN jnm rijstrz nhIN sn huµdy[ies leI myrI mF nhIN sI jfxdI ik AusdI shI shI jnm qfrIÉ ikhVI hY[jnm imqI bfry lokIN ikafÌy lfAuNdy huµdy sI, “AudoN kxk vwZ rhy sI” jF “AudoN bVI TµzI ruwq sI”afid afid[ myrI mF AudoN kyvl 19 sfl dI sI, jdo Aus ny dys Cwizaf[ ijsdy bfry Auh AudoN kuJ nhIN jfxdI sI[ Aus df pfsport 19 meI 1932 ƒ lfhor qoN jfrI hoieaf sI[ kYnyzf dy iemIgryÈn aqy kflonfeIjyÈn ivBfg vloN vYnkUvr qoN 30 nvµbr 1931 ƒ Ausdy pfsport leI afigaf prdfn kIqI geI sI[ ieh myry ipqf ny pRfpq kIqI sI[ Auh kuJ vrHy pihlF kYnyzf afey sn, aqy hux ivafh krvfAux leI vfps ihµdosqfn jf rhy sn[ pfsport dI imafd muwkx dI qfrIÉ 19 meI 1937 sI[AuNJ myrI mF 1961 qwk arQfq 28 sfl bfad qwk ihµdosqfn nhIN geI sI[ jy Auh jfxdI huµdI ik ikµny sÉq jIvn ivc dI lµGxf pvygf, kI Auh afAuNdI? Aus dy pfsport qy iewk mohr lwgI hoeI hY[ jo pRgt krdI hY, “4 julfeI 1933 ƒ klkwqf polIs vloN dyiKaf igaf[” aqy iewk hor vI hY jo ieh dsdI hY, “6 julfeI 1933 ƒ klkwqf ivKy ikµg jfrjj zfk polIs ny cYkafAUt kIqf[” ienHF sfrIaF mohrF qoN mYƒ lgdf hY, ik kµnyzf ƒ afAux dI sfrI kfrvfeI bVI kiTn huµdI sI[ BfvyN pfsport dy pihly sÌy qy ibafn sI, “ies pfsport rwKx vfly ƒ bÊYr iksy rukfvt dy afËfdfnf qOr qy lµGx aqy jfx idwqf jfvy, aqy Ausƒ jdoN koeI loV pvy,hr shfieqf aqy riKaf prdfn kIqI jfvy”[ kI mYƒ ies nfl ivÈvfs ho skdf hY ik myrI mF ijhVI nf pVH skdI sI nf ilK skdI sI,dI dyK Bfl huµdI rihxI sI, jy Auh myry ipqf dy nfl sÌr nf krdI? lgdf hY myrI mF aqy ipE ny 6 julfeI 1933 ƒ klkwqy qoN afpxf sÌr surU kIqf[ BfvyN kYsy hflfq huµdy, sÌr qf hr hflq ivc hI kiTnfeIaF Biraf hoxf sI, pr ies ivc vfDf ieh ho igaf ik myrI mF 6 mhIny qoN grBvqI sI[ ieh koeI sYr spfty vfly krUË df qËrbf qF nhIN sI[ AunHF ƒ jhfË ivc afpxf rotI tuwk afp bxfAuxf pYNdf sI[ Auh sfƒ bwicaF ƒ aksr dsdI huµdI sI, ik iksy ƒ ieh pRvfh hI nhIN sI ik BfvyN asIN jIAuNdy rhIey jF mr jfeIey[ ies Auqy iewk hor mohr vI hY, ijhVI pRgt krdI hY ik Auh 26 julfeI 1933 ƒ hFg kfg ivc sI[ afÉrI mohr ”lYNizz iemIgrFt kYnyzIan iemIgryÈn, agsq 12 1933 ivktorIaf, bI.sI” dI hY[ myry mfqf ipqf ivktorIaf myrI mF dy Brf jgq isµG bYNs kol rhy[ AunHF df Gr Aus ielfky ivc huµdf sI, ijwQy hux mya Ìyar mfl hY[ akqUbr 1933 ivc myrf vwzf Brf sohx isµG ivktorIaf ivKy pYdf hoieaf[ AusqoN

vqn


bfad Auh XUbo dy lfigµg kYNp ivc rihx cly gey[ ijwQy myry ipqf lwkV dI imwl ivc kµm krdy sn[ ieh pfldI cly jfx qoN pihlF dI gwl hY[ myrI mF ny disaf, ik pµjfb dy KuwlyH mYdfnF qoN bfad vYnkUvr dy AuWcy AuWcy ÌrF dy ruwK dyK ky Auh cikRq rih jFdI sI[ myrI mF ƒ nvyN bwcy, nvyN mulk, axjfxy rIqI irvfj, aqy ivafh qoN pihlF nf jfxdI pqI dy nfl rihx dy vfqfvrn ivc dI lµGxf ipaf[ Aus dOr dIaF sfrIaF pµjfbI qIvIaF df ieho sFJf qjrbf sI[ pµjfb qoN afeIaF sfrIaF dUjIaF qIvIaF anusfr Auh afpxIaF shylIaF dI shfieqf nfl ies siQqI qy kfbU pfAuNdIaF rhIaF[ jd mYN 1967 ivc ihµdosqfn geI ijvyN myrf AuWQy vfh ipaf, Auh mYƒ aiDk lwgf[ afpxI mF dy hflfq ƒ apnfAux, isdk aqy hOsly nfl myry mn ivc AusdI slfhuq leI hor vfDf hoieaf[ myrI mF qy AusdI mF pµjfbI vI pVH ilK nhIN skdIaF sn[ nqIjy dy qor `qy koeI icwTI jo AunHf ƒ imldI jF Auh pfAuNdIaF, iksy qoN pVHfAuxI jF ilKvfAuxI pYNdI[ ievyN Byd BrIaF gwlF ikvyN dwsIaF jf skdIaF sn? tYlIPon sµcfr bfry qF iksy ny suixaf qwk nhIN sI[ sfzy kol mF dy sfkF sµbDIaF jF Ausdy Bfrq dy jIvn dI koeI qsvIr nhIN [ jµmx, mrn, aqy hor ËrurI GtnfvF dIaF KbrF ‘nIly do vrky eyarogRfm’ qy ilKIaF mhIinaF bfad phuµcdIaF[ ijsdI hr imldI QF qy kuC nf kuC iliKaf huµdf[ jdoN koeI ieµzIaf qoN afAuNdf, sB Ausƒ Auqsukqf nfl (swjy pfsy KVHy: bIbI gurbcn kOr - awgy bytI pflo)

imldy[ myry mfqf ipqf sfzy ipCy rih rhy pirvfr bfry Ausdf disaf iewk iewk kImqI Èbd bVy iDafn nfl suxdy[ mYƒ aijhIaF imlxIaF Xfd hn, pr mYN vfkeI ieh nhIN jfxdI sF ik Auh ikµnIaF mhwqv pUrn sn, jd qwk ik mYN bflÊ nhIN ho geI[ myrI iewk shylI hY, Auh 19 sfl dI sI, jdoN iemIgryt hoeI[ afpxI jnm BUmI aqy afpxy apnfey dys dohF ivckfr lIro lIr hoeI kihµdI hY, ik Auh ikqy vI Gr vFg mihsUs nhIN krdI[ myrf iÉafl hY, ho skdf hYY ik myrI mF vI ievyN anuBv krdI hovy[ Auh 1961 ivc ihµdosqfn ƒ vfps geI sI[ myry Coty Brf zyivz (suKdyv) dy nfl jo 7 sfl df sI[ Auh do sfl AuQy rhI[ myrf iÉafl hY, Auh afpxy dohF dyÈF dy ivckfr lIro lIr huµdI rhI hoxI hY[ myrI mF afpxy bcpn bfry lµbf smf gwlF kr skdI sI[ Auh afpxy ipµz dy aµbF dI imTfs aqy gµinaF dIaF gwlF krdI huµdI sI jo Auh bcpn ivc cUpdI huµdI sI[ asIN bwicaF ny afpxI CotI ijhI iËµdgI ivc nf gµny dyKy sn nf aµb[ cUpx dI gl qF dUr dI rhI[ myrI mF dIaF XfdF myry mn ivc iewk adBuq aqy pyNzU jIvn dy gIqF ijhy ihµdosqfn dI isrjxf krdIaF[ myrIaF pihlIaF XfdF zMkn dy bfhrvfr pfldI dIaF hn[ ijwQy myrf pirvfr lwg Bwg 18 vrHy irhf[ ieQoN dy vsnIkF dI bhu igxqI eIst ieµzIanF dI sI[ ieh iblkul ieAuN lgdf huµdf sI, ijvyN kYnyzf ivc pµjfb ivclf koeI kimAUnl ipµz hovy[ ijhVy lok pfldI ivc jµmy qy vwzy hoey, afpxI bflÊ iËµdgI ivc vI afps ivc juVy rhy[ sfzIaF iËµdgIaF df muK kyNdr gurdvfry dy afly duafly sI[ aYqvfr AuQy guËfrI dy sn, aqy myry ipqf qy BYx AuQy hfrmonIam vfjf vjfAuNdy aqy Èbd kIrqn krdy huµdy sn[ Bog pYx qoN bfad hr koeI ÈfkfhfrI lµgr Ckdf huµdf sI, ijhVf ik qIvIaF aqy bµdy iqafr krdy huµdy sn[ kuJ smF myry ipqf pµjfbI vI pVHfANdy rhy aqy iewk zrfmf klwb nfl vI sbµDq rhy[ pfldI ivc afpxy lokF ivc afpsI myl jol aqy rl iml ky rihx df ieh bVf suhfvxf smF sI[ jy sfzy Gr ivc iksy bwcy ƒ mF dI bxfeI dfl sbËI psµd nf afAuNdI, Ays ny kihxf, ik nfl dy Gr guaFZIaF dy jfh aqy dyK imisjL lCmx kI pkf rhI hY[ myyrf iÉafl hY, myrf Brf sohx kuJ vfr AunHF dy igaf vI[ imisjL lCmx ny bhuq ÉuÈI nfl Aus ƒ jI afieaF ikhf, aqy jo irwDf sI Auh vI idwqf[ keI vfr CotI Aumr dI bwcI hox krky mYN gurdvfry sON vI jfxf[ jfgx qy mYƒ Kfxf pkfAux vflI QF qy lY jfxf, ijwQy myrI mF aqy hor qIvIaF rl ky rotIaF lfhudIaF huµdIaF sn[ gurdvfry ivc Kfxf pkfAux smy vrqoN leI qIvINaF cwkI nfl msflf pIsdIaF huµdIaF sn[ ivafh ÈfdIaF, jnm idnF, mrny dIaF mfqmI rsmF aqy iËµdgI dIaF hor duKFqk GtnfvF swcy idloN sFJIaF krdy huµdy sn[ mYN iqµn ku sfl dI sF, jdoN myry dfdf jI svrgvfs ho gey[ mYƒ Xfd hY ik AunHF dI dyh df sskfr lwkVF dI icqf ivc dfÊ dy ky kIqf igaf sI aqy bµdy sfrI rfq AuQy iDafn rKdy rhy[ mYƒ AuQy jfx dI afigaf nhIN sI imlI[ myrI mF mihsUs krdI sI ik mYN bhuq CotI hF[ myrI BYx pflo myry nfloN 11 sfl vwzI sI[ Auh ipwCy myrI dyK Bfl leI myry kol rhI[ asIN dovyN imE dy jnrl stor dy brFzy ivc KVo ky dUr bldy isvy dI awg dyKdIaF rhIaF[ mYƒ ieh vI Xfd hY, ik Auh myry qy iKJdI sI[ ikAuNik Auh myry dfdf jI -pµjfb isµG - hurF ƒ bhuq ipafr krdI sI aqy Auh arQI dy nfl jfxf cfhuµdI sI[ aijhIaF keI kurbfnIaF vwzIaF BYxF CotIaF BYxF leI krdIaF hI huµdIaF hn[

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myrI mF iewk Gr girhsqx mF sI[ AuNJ Auh afrfm-pRsq iesqrI nhIN sI[ BfvyN pVHfeI ilKfeI vloN korI anpVH sI, pr Auh Auxy hoey suaftrF jF isly hoey sUtF dy pYtrn dyK lYNdI sI aqy iPr Auh afp AuvyN dy iqafr kr lYNdI sI[ Ausdf afpxf bhuq sfrf smF kroÈIey nfl kµm, islfeI kZfeI, rotI tuwk bxfAux aqy vwzy gfrzn dI dyK Bfl aqy guwz guzfeI dy ruJyvyN ivc lµGdf[ iesqoN ibnf sfzy kol iek bhuq suµdr aqy duwD dyx vflI gF vI huµdI sI, zyËI[ myrI mF roË svyry suvKqy Ausdf duD coNdI[ zyËI sfƒ duwD, dhIN aqy mwKx pRdfn krdI[ myrI mF qy BYx svyry AuT ky duwD irVkdIaF[ anyk vfr myrI BYx pflo lyk kfAucn ivcly hfeI skUl ivc pVHn jfx qoN pihlF svyry suvKqy hI zyËI dI Dfr kwZ jFdI[pfldI ivc guËfry idnF qoN lµmy smy ipwCoN jdoN Auh kdy ienHF idnF df iËkr krdI, Auh hwsdI aqy kihµdI “mYN ieh socdI hF ik Èfied skUly myry koloN gF dy gohy dI bo vI afAuNdI hovy”[ ieAuN hfsf mÈkUlf cldf rihµdf[ 1946 ivc ÌrvrI dI iewk TµzI svyr ƒ mF ny zyËI dI Dfr kwZI qy iPr mYƒ jnm dyx leI zMkn clI geI[ jdoN myry afpxy bwcy hoey, mYN ieh soc ky hYrfn hoeI ik myrI mF ny AudoN ies ƒ ikvyN ilaf hovygf[ iesqrIaF jo aOiKafeIaF sihn kr rhIaF hn, AunHF ƒ iksy ny mfnqf hI nhIN idwqI[ mYƒ Xfd af irhf hY ik sKq TµzI srd ruwq ivc iek idn myrI mF aqy myrI kjLn crn kOr sfzy lwkV dy ibnf pyNt kIqy Gr dI Cwq qy KVIaF icmnNI dI awg buJfAux df Xqn kr rhIaF sn[ AunHF ƒ Aus Aupr lµby jYNprF aqy isrF qoN iqlkdIaF cuµnIaF nfl dyKxf bVf afnµd-meI dirÈ sI[ AuNJ kuJ hÌiqaF bfad sfry ipµz ny dyiKaf ik ies qoN pihlf ik awg buJfAux vfly trwk phuµc skx, iewk Gr ijhVf bfhroN pyNt kIqf hoieaf sI awg nfl sV ky DrqI qy af ipaf hY[ ies Gr ivc iek gorf pirvfr rihµdf sI[ mYN ies leI kih rhI hF ik Gr pyNt kIqf hoieaf sI, ik kyvl gory hI afpxy Gr aqy tfieltF dy drvfËy pyNt krdy sn[ kuJ hÌiqaF bfad asIN gurdvfry ivc Dµnvfd idvs mnfieaf[ ikAuNik koeI vI awg nfl miraf jf ËÉmI nhIN sI hoieaf[ iewk blUµgVf qwk vI nhIN[ sB awg qoN bcf ley gey sn[ jy myrI XfddfÈq TIk hY, imstr myAU pfldI df mhfn ipqfmf, ijhVf ik pµjfb qoN sI, ieh XkInI bxfAuNdf huµdf sI, ik pfldI ivc koeI vI Gr-rihq nf hovy[ hr iek nUM ieh aihsfs sI ik asIN sB iewk kimAuintI hF. agsq 1952 ivc jdoN mYN Cy sfl dI sF, myry ipqf jI ny sfzy pirvfr ƒ ivktorIaf lY jfx df PYslf kr ilaf, ikAuNik pfldI dI imwl bµd ho geI sI[ mYN qy myrI mF bVf roeIaF jdoN zyËI vycI geI[ ivktorIaf ivc rihx leI cly jfx nfl sfƒ sB ƒ siBafcfrk mfxisk Jtkf lwgf[ myrI vwzI BYx pflo qfrf isµG swl nfl ivafhI geI aqy Auh julfeI 1952 ivc nfrQ vYnkUvr cly gey[ jd myrI vwzI BYx sfzf Gr Cwz geI, ieh sfzy leI bhuq vwzf Gftf sI[Auh afpxy afp ivc agvfeI krn vflI koeI ÈY sI[ Auh dohF siBafcfrF ivc afsfnI nfl ivcr skdI sI[ Auh nf kyvl myry ipqf sµg jo Aus dy aiDafpk vI sn, gurdvfry ivc vfjf vjf ky Èbd hI pVH skdI sI, sgoN bVI srlqf nfl pµjfbI ilK aqy pVH vI skdI sI[ Auh eynI inpuµn sI, ik ihµdosqfn ivc lok hYrfn huµdy sn[ myrI BYx pµjfb ivc myrI mF dy pirvfr nfl sbµD joVn vflI iek kVI sI[ Auh kyvl 17 sfl dI sI jdoN Auh sfzy koloN nfrQ vYnkUvr clI geI aqy iek nvIN pqnI dy qOr qy sfry GrylU kµm kfË ƒ sµBfilaf[ Aus dy pirvfr ivc Aus dy pqI dy irÈqydfr vI Èfml sn[ ieh smF lwkVF bfl ky cwuilHaF aqy aµgITIaF qy rotI tuwk pkfAux aqy hwQF nfl kpVy Dox, ncoVn df sI[ pflo swc muwc hI bVI qkVI vrkr sI[ jdoN Auh 18 sfl dI hoeI Ausdy pihly bwcy ny jnm ilaf[ vIhF sflF dI huµdI qIkr Ausdy do kuVIaF ho geIaF, jYrI qy idljIq[ jdoN Auh lwg Bg 22 sfl dI hoeI Aus ny ÌYslf ilaf ik Auh kµm qy jfieaf krygI[ Aus ny afpxy doNh bwicaF leI koeI cfielz kyar lwBI aqy burfrz zrfeI zfk qy sYkRytrI dI poËIÈn lY leI[ ieh Auh smf sI, jdoN pµjfbI kuVIaF dI qF gwl Cwzo, iesqrIaF AuNJ hI bhuq Gwt kµm krdIaF sn[ myrI BYx ƒ qIhF bµidaF df Kfxf bxfAuxf vI kuJ nhIN lgdf huµdf sI aqy Auh pfrtIaF dyx leI bVI priswD sI[ AusdIaF shylIaF dohF siBafqfvF nfl sbµD rwKx vflIaF sn[ Auh sfzy bfkI sB leI iek Audfhrn sI[ jdoN asIN pfldI ivc huµdy sF, Auh kYnyzIan Kfxy bxfAuNdI huµdI sI, jo Ausny kfAucn hfeI skUl ivKy hom ieknfimks df kors kridaF iswKy sn[ BfvyN Auh vI lwkVF vfly cuwlHy qy hI bxfey jFdy sn[sfzy pfldI ivc guËfry idnF qoN kfÌI smf bfad asIN Ausƒ bynqI kIqI ik Auh sfzy leI lYmn mYirµg pfeIaF bxfvy[ hor, Ausny myrI mF qoN kroÈIaf, Auxnf aqy sIxf vI iswiKaf hoieaf sI[ AusdI rIs krnI bhuq muÈikl sI[ AuNJ myrI BYx ny ieh kdI nhIN sI PV mfrI ik Auh dUsiraF qoN vDIaf hY[ Auh bVI inmrqf pUrvk aqy imhrbfn iksm dI iensfn sI[ afpxI sfrI iËµdgI Auh lokF nfl ipafr krdI rhI aqy ieh Xqn krdI rhI ik Auh AunHF dI ijµnI mdd kr skdI hY, kry[ jdoN 1999 ivc Aus dI imrqU hoeI, Auh iewk aijhf Kwpf Cwz geI jo kdI nhIN pUiraf jf skdf[ Auh dohF siBaqfvF aqy dohF pIVIHaF dy ivckfr Kwpy Auqy iewk pul sI[ keI pwKF qoN Auh myrI ‘kYnyzIan mF’ sI ikAuNik Auh myry nfloN 11 sfl vwzI sI[ jdoN asIN ivktorIaf rihx lwgy, mYN aqy myry Brf jIq ny Auh duD pIx qoN nFh kr idwqI jo drvfiËaF qy boqlF ivc afAuNdf sI[ asIN jfn strIt ivc rihµdy sF[ ieµzstrIal ielfky dI iewk purfxI bsqI ivwc[ ieQy koeI bµjr Zfrf nhIN sI, ijwQy nvyN blUµgVy lBdy, nF hI ryl dI ptVI dy nfl nfl lfhux leI bYrIaF sn, nF hI kuwkV qy cUcy qury iPrdy sn, nF hI duVµgy lfAuNdy sUr, ijnF df ipwCf krdy aqy nf hI koeI vwCf vwCI sI ijhdy gl ivc rwsf pf ky leI iPrdy[ pfldI df diraf ijwQy myrf Brf jIq mwCIaF PVdf huµdf sI, hux kyvl iewk Xfd bx ky rih igaf sI[ Auh guaFZI vI nf rhy, jo vfsqv ivc

vqn


iewk vDy hoey pirvfr dy jIaf vFg hI huµdy sn[ ieh sfzy vfsqy iek siBafcfrk Jtkf sI aqy myrI mF leI iewk asih ieklfpf[ asIN agsq 1952 ivc afey sF[ mYN sqµbr ivc gryz 1 ÈurU kIqf[ ies nfl myrI mF Gr ivc iekwlI rIh geI[ mYN nhIN jfxdI ik Auh ikvyN nijwTdI hovygI, ikAuNik mYN afp iewk Epry vfqfvrn ivc afpxy afp ƒ Ausdy anukUl bxfAux df Xqn kr rhI sF aqy mYN socdI huµdI sF, ik ieh ikµnI BYVI QFh hY[ ajy koeI vDyrf smf nhIN sI hoieaf, ik mYƒ nslvfdI byieËqI dIaF coBF df qjrbf vI hoieaf[ iewk bflÊ dy qOr qy AunHF guaFZIaF df iËkr ÈRyxI rihq/nIvIN ÈRyxI df kIqf sI[ mYƒ “zrtI ihµdU” dy Èbd suxny pYNdy sn[ jy mYN afpxI mF ƒ dsdI qF Auh vI kI kr skdI sI? ies leI mYN afpxy qwk hI rKdI[ jdoN mYN afpxy Gr aµdr vVdI sF, mYN jfxdI sF ieh swc nhIN[ sfzf Gr inrmYl huµdf sI[ myrI mF nf kyvl pµjfbI Kfxy hI bxfAuNdI sI, Aus ny kYnyzIan izÈF vI bxfAuxIaF iswK leIaF sn[ Auh aksr kyk sykdI aqy jYm bxfAuNdI[ Auh sfrf kuJ XfddfÈq nfl hI krdI ikAuNik myrI mF anpVH sI[ jdoN sfzf Gr pirvfr dy jIaF aqy dosqF nfl Biraf huµdf, mF dI chyqI QF ikcn huµdI sI[ Auh Kfxf bxfAux dy kµm ƒ puafVf nhIN smJdI sI[ Auh afpxIaF shylIaF aqy pirvfirk jIaF nfl hsdI, gwlF krdI Kfxf vI bxfAuNdI rihµdI[ asIN sfry Ausdy Pl df mËf lYNdy[ iek vfr jdoN mYN lgBg gryz 3 ivc sI mF nfl Gr ƒ qurI jf rhI sF[ mYN dyiKaf ik mF ƒ iewk guaFZI muµzy ny nslI byieËwqI nfl duKI kIqf hY[ mF ny Aus vwl qwikaf qwk nf aqy afrfm nfl qurI geI[ Aus ny ies bfry iksy nfl koeI gwl nf kIqI[ pr mYN afpxy afp ivc ies bfry duKI huµdI rhI ik mYN awgy ho ky mF df bcfE ikAuN nf kIqf[ Èfied mYN zr geI sF,ik muµzf ikqy mYƒ nf kuJ afKy[ mYN ieh jfx lYxf ÈurU kIqf ik asIN vwKry hF[ ijvyN ik keI horF df ivcfr sI ik asIN GtIaf hF[ aFZ guaFZ ivc myry anykF dosq sn, pr sdf ieh ÉdÈf lwgf rihµdf sI ik mYN ienHF qoN vwKrI lgdI hF[ bflÊ dy qOr qy aqy svY-inrnf krn AupRµq myrf ieh iÉafl hY ik ies df pRBfv sfrI iËµdgI myry AuWpr irhf[ blik muZly skUl dy sflF dOrfn mYN srIrk qUµ qUµ mYN mYN ivc vI peI afm qOr qy iek ivÈys guaFZI muµzy nfl[ AuNJ mYN afpxy mF ipE kol kdI iesdf iËkr nhIN sI kIqf[ hux mYN socdI hF, ik Èfied AuhnF ƒ bcfAux leI[ mYN afpxy vwzy BrfvF ƒ vI nhIN sI dwisaf[ ikAuNik mYƒ pqf sI ik guaFZIaF nfl ËrUr lVfeI ho jfeygI[ ies leI mYN iswK ilaf, ik gwl afpxy afp ivc hI rwKo[ bflÊ dy qOr qy vI jd mYN nslvfd df iÈkfr hoeI, ievyN hI bcfE krdI rhI[ ijµnf ku mYƒ brdfÈq krnf cfhIdf sI mYN AusqoN vDyry krdI rhI aqy iesƒ rokx leI dUijaF dI shfieqf pRfpq kr lYx qoN vFJI rhI[ myrf iÉafl hY ik ikAuNik bwcy dy qOr qy iksy koloN shfieqf sµBv nhIN sI[ mYN ieh iswK ilaf ik afpxIaF ËÉmI BfvnfvF ƒ lukf ky riKaf jfvy[ asIN Gwt-igxqI ivc vI Gwt-igxqI sF[ nfbflÊI smy lgBg ieh asµBv sI, ik iksy vwzy nfl afpxf duK suK sFJf kr skIey[ mYN do siBafqfvF ivc ivcr rhI sF[ ieQy sdf hI muwKDfrf dy smfj vloN rwd kIqy jfx df BY rihµdf hY[ prqvIN nËr nfl dyKIey qF ies qjrby ny mYƒ iewk mËbUq ivakqI bxf idwqf[ bflÊ avsQf ivc dfÉly df smf myry leI myry afpxy ax-pµjfbI dosqF nfloN vwKrf sI[ ieh AudoN sI jdoN muµzy qy kuVIaF joVIaF bxfAuNdy qy lgfqfr imldy hn[ pµjfbI muµizaF ivc XkInI qor qy “zyitµg” svIkfrq irvfj nhIN sI[ ies sIn df Bfg nf ho ky mYN afpxIaF shylIaF aqy BYxF BrfvF qy shfieqf aqy afnµd lYx leI inrBr krdI sF[ mYN sdf ieh mihsUs kIqf, ik myry mF bfp bVy ipafry hn[ asl ivc mYƒ afpxy mF bfp vloN kdI vI koeI srIrk sËf nhIN sI imlI aqy mYN jfxdI sF, ik rihnmfeI, surwiKaf aqy dyK Bfl ies QF qoN imldI hY[ jdoN mYN lgBg 11 virHaF dI sF, myrI mF ny ÌYslf kIqf ik sfƒ strfbrI qoVn jfxf cfhIdf hY[ jYm dIaF kuJ boqlF leI nhIN blik ieh vI iewk Dn kmfAux df sfDn sI[ afpxI mF dIaF shylIaF aqy AunHF dy bwicaF nfl[ sfƒ cONk ivcoN AunHF ny cuwkxf sI[ ieh cONk ivktorIaf ivc zgls, gOrmYNt aqy ihwlsfeIz dIaF strItF dy imlx vflI QF qy huµdf sI[ 6.30 svyr dy smyN mFvF smyq asIN sfry bwcy AuWQoN iewk trwk dy ipCy lwd ley gey aqy iewk byrI Ìfrm qy iljfey gey[ myrIaF shylIaF aqy mYN Gbrf rhIaF sF ik skUl ivcoN koeI ieh jlvf nf dyK ley! pr sfzIaF mfvF nhIN, Auh afpxI cVHdI klf ivc sn, Pfrm ƒ jfx vfly sfry rfh ivc jdoN Auh gwlF kr rhIaF sn, iKV iKV hws vI rhIaF sn[ AunHF dIaF cuµnIaF lihrf rhIaF sn[ nf kyvl Auh afp ÉuÈ sn sgoN sfƒ bwicaF ƒ vI hwlf ÈyrI dy rhIaF sn[ dupihr dy Kfxy vyly mFvf ny nfl ilaFdIaF rotIaF, sbËIaF aqy afcfr kwZ ley[ sB ny rl iml ky vµz ky Kfx df afnµd ilaf[ strfbrI dI ruwq mukwx qy vI Gr cYn nhIN sI[ sfzy leI nf grmIaF dIaF CuwtIaF sn nf grmIaF dy kYNp[ agFh lognbyrI sI[ ieh bhuq BYVI sI[ ies df qF suafd vI cµgf nhIN sI[ sfzIaF AuNglF sqµbr dy awD qwk jfmnI rµg dIaF hoeIaF rhIaF[ pr Gwto Gt AunHF ƒ qoVn leI KVox Xog qF rhy[ mF ny ieAuN kIqI kmfeI Gr leI nvIaF izÈF, ÌrnIcr, aqy pirvfr leI hor cIËF KrIdx qy ÉrcI[ hux mF ƒ afpxI kmfeI krn df Js pY igaf sI[ Ausƒ koeI rokx vflf nhIN sI[ bsµq ruwq ivc Auh ÌfrmF qy kµm krn leI jfx lwg peI, AuWQy pIly nrgsI PuwlF ƒ gwTF idµdI rhI, jd qwk ik Aus ƒ ho geI alrjI ny rok nf idwqf[ Aus ƒ ieh kMm Cwzxf ipaf[ iPr Auh iewk bykrI ivc kµm krdI rhI[ jdoN Auh 58 sfl dI sI[ Auh iksy qyl vflI QF qy iqlk geI[ Aus dy guwt qy swt lwgI[ ijs ny Aus ƒ kµm krn qoN vrj idwqf[ kfiedy kfƒn nf

vqn


jfnx krky myrI mF afpxI iÈÌt dy Éqm hox qwk kµm krdI rhI aqy iPr qur ky hspqfl geI[ Ausdf guwt tuwt igaf sI[ pr ikAuNik Ausny rIport nhIN sI kIqI[ Ausƒ koeI muafvËf nf imilaf[ myrI mF ijµnf afp kmfeI krn qy KuÈ hoeI Aunf pihlF kdy nhIN sI hoeI[ ieh myry leI iewk cµgf sbk sI aqy ajy qwk hY[ myrI mF ieµzIaf jf kYnyzf ivc iksy skUl nhIN geI sI[ Auh pµjfbI aqy aµgRyËI dohF vloN korI anpVH sI[ pr afiÉrkfr Aus ny aµgRyËI ivc afpxf nF ilKxf iswK ilaf sI[ ijhVf ik mYN Ausdy pfsport Auqy Gbrfht ijhI nfl ilKy awKrF ivc iliKaf hoieaf dyiKaf[ myrf ivÈvfs hY ik ieh Aus ƒ aqy hor pµjfbI qIvIaF ƒ pfldI ivc iksy imhrbfn aiDafpkf ny isKfieaf sI[ myrI mF kol cfr pfsport sn[ pihlf iewk 1932 ivc jfrI hoieaf[ dUsrf 1961 ivc, qIsrf iewk 1973 ivc, aqy aµqlf iewk 1979 ivc[ ievyN lwgdf hY, ik ijvyN myrI mF sµsfr Br df sÌr krn vflI hovy[ myrf aµdfËf hY ik Auh sI[ pr Auh kyvl sdf ihµdusqfn hI geI sI[ myrI mF, myrI BYx aqy myrf afËfdI nfl ivcrnf aqy pRfpqIaF dyK ky hYrfn huµdI[ prqvIN nËr ivc mYN mF dy sfry hflfq ƒ shfrn aqy AunHF qy kfbU pf lYx qy ascrj huµdI hF[ Aus dy suBf ivc afËfd qrµg sI[ ies leI Auh iewk akrmk iesqrI dy swcy ivc nf Zl skI[ mYN qy myrI BYx kihµdIaF huµdIaF sF ik jy sfzI mF kYnyzf ivc jµmI huµdI aqy ividaf prfpq krdI, koeI nhIN kih skdf sI ik Auh kI krdI qy kI huµdI[ ijvyN ik Ausny afpxy vrqmfn hflfq anusfr bhuq kuC kIqf hY[ mYƒ mF koloN bVIaF dfqF imlIaF[ shylIaF dI mfnqf, pirvfr dI aihmIaq, mflI qOr qy afËfd rihx dI Kuwl, ividaf dI mhwqqf aqy Aus df afpxy bwicaF pRqI moh[ AudoN vI jdoN bwicaF dIaF psµdF Aus leI EprIaF hox[ hor myrI mF df suBf bVf hwsmuK aqy mËfhIaf sI[ Ausƒ khfxIaF suxfAux aqy aYkitµg krky idKfAux df bVf ÈOk sI[ myrf iÉafl hY, mYN qy BYx ny ieh mF koloN hI ivrsy ivc ilaf hY[ myry afpxI mF dy sbµD ivc keI imly july mnoBfv hn[ keI vfr mYN AudfsI mihsUs krdI hF, ik Aus df afpxI jIvn dI syD qy koeI kfbU nhIN sI[ Aus ƒ juafn avsQf ivc hI afpxf pirvfr Cwz dyxf cfhIdf sI[ swcIN, sdf leI[ Aus dy bwcy gux qy afdqF Êfilb siBafcfr qoN kbUl kr rhy sn[ keIaF pwKF qoN kYnyzIan jIvn Zµg Aus leI ivdyÈI sI[[ kYnyzIan ilhfË nfl dyKIey qF myrI mF juafn avsQf ivc hI cl vsI[ ÈUgr dI ibmfrI qoN pIVq ho ky 67 sfl dI Aumr ivc hI[ keI vfr socdI hF ik Èfied myry ivc hr iewk leI smfnqf, BfvyN iesqrI hovy jf mrd[ ilµg, nsl, Drm aqy ilµg mUlk igafn dI hr iewk leI smfnqf dI mhwqqf myrI mF dy jIvn ny hI myry ivc dirV krvfeI hY[ myrI afpxI loV vI hY, afpxI hfnI qoN bcx leI, nf kyvl ies ivÈvfs leI ik dunIaF inaF pUrvk hovy, blik AunHF leI afvfË AuTfAuxI, ijhnF dI hfÈIaf bµdI ho cuwkI hovy[ myrf iÉafl hY ik ik myrI mF df ivakqIqv aqy Aus dy sfhs dI Audfhrn ny sµsfr bfry myry ivcfrF aqy kdrF kImqF ƒ rUp idwqf hY[ iek aiq nslvfdI smy ivc iewk Gwt igxqI gruwp dy mYNbr dy qOr qy jIAuxf koeI sOKf nhIN[ pr mYN socdI hF, ik myrI mF df jIvn myry nfloN vDyry kiTn sI, ikAuNik Aus kol hor koeI cfrf nhIN sI[ awj mYN Aus pµjfbI pirvfr dI ikRqgX hF ijs ivc mYN jnm ilaf[ sfzy ivc vI hor iksy pirvfr vFg keI Auqfr cVHf afey pr asIN afpxI siBaqf aqy ipafr sdky sdf juVy rhy[ prqvIN nËr nfl mYN mihsUs krdI hF ik myry pµjfbI ivrsy ny ikµny amIr qjrby dI bKiÈÈ idwqI hY aqy mYN afpxy afp ƒ BfgF vflI smJdI hF[ BfvyN keI vfr vwKrI soc sdkf kuJ muÈiklF vI afeIaF[ mYN ivÈvfs krdI hF ik qjribaF ny myry ivkfs aqy sµsfr ƒ dyKx dy idRsLtIkox qy skfrfqmk pRBfv pfieaf hY[ myrI mF dy jIvn ny mYƒ jIvn ivc myry afpxy mfrg df ÌYslf krn df hOslf bÉiÈaf hY[ mYN afpxy mF bfp dI aihsfnmµd hF ijnHF ny kurbfnIaF aqy aOiKafeIaF Jwl ky kYnyzf ivc iewk nvF jIvn Ausfiraf[ myrI DI aimr 23 sfl dI Aumr ivc ihµdosqfn geI sI[ kuJ mhIinaF ipwCoN Auh ihµdosqfn dy ipafr ivc ÌfQI Gr vfps muVI[ Aus ny mYƒ puiCaf ik myry myry mF bfp ny ikvyN sdf leI ihµdosqfn Cwz idwqf sI? keI vfr asIN KuÈ iksmq huµdy hF ik sfrf srkl dyK skdy hF[ Auh ihµdosqfn jo myry mF bfp ny 1933 ivc Cwizaf sI awj dy ihµdosqfn nfloN ikqy vwKrf sI[ AunHf df, Gwto Gwt myry ipqf df ieh supnf sI, ik ijvyN sfry iemIgrFts iewk vDIaf jIvn guËfrdy hn, AunHF dy bwcy vI guËfrn[ ieh sI aslI kfrn, ijs leI Auh kYnyzf afey[ AuhnF ƒ ieQy afAux leI ies mhfn sOdy ivc keI kuJ dyxf ipaf[afpxy pirvfr, afpxI siBaqf dy keI pwK, ieQoN qIkr ik afpxf Kfx pIx vI[ awj asIN ÈlfGf kr skdy hF, pµjfbI siBaqf dI amIrI ƒ sµBfl skdy hF, jo Auh afpxy nfl ilafey, aqy jo kYnyzf dy ZFcy df iewk Bfg bx geI[ myry mF bfp kimAUintI nfl afpxy cµgy sbµDF aqy Aus pRqI iDafn pUrvk hox dI mhwqqf qy Ëor idµdy sn, myrIaF afpxIaF DIaF ieh kuJ svIkfr kr cuwkIaF hn[ myrf ivÈvfs hY, ik myry mF bfp ieh jfx ky pRsµn hoxgy aqy bhuq mfx mihsUs krngy[ !!

vqn


lyK

myrf sfihqk ipCokV

kulvMq isMG ivrk

bI.ey. pfs krn qIk arQfq AunI vIh sfl dI Aumr qIk mYƒ ilKx df koeI ÈOk nhIN sI qy nf hI mYN kdI kuJ iliKaf sI[ kors ivc lgIaF ikqfbF qoN bfhr mYN kdI piVHaf vI kuJ nhIN sI[ jo kuJ piVHaf vI hovygf qF pRoPYsrF dy kihx Auqy aµgryËI BfÈf iswKx leI, iksy sfihqk rucI krky nhIN[ aYm.ey. ivc mYN lfhOr df Pfrmn kirscIan kflj Cwz ky aµimRqsr Kflsf kflj clf igaf[ eyQy mYN kflj dy mYgËIn ivc pihlI vfr ilKxf afrµiBaf[ ieh aµgryËI ivc sI[ pµjfbI ivc ilKxf mYƒ nhIN afAuNdf sI[ kflj dy mYgËIn dIaF pihlIaF ilKqF qF aYvyN totky hI sn ijvyN mYgËInF ivc huµdy hn pr hux mYƒ cyqy afAuNdf ey ik hOlI hOlI AunHF ivc khfxIaF dy nkÈ afAuNdy gey[ afpxy vizwikaF bfry sfzy ipµz Auqy aµgryËI kbËf hox vyly dI iek gwl ijhVI mYN suxI hoeI sI Aus ƒ vI khfxI dI Èkl dy ky mYN iliKaf[ pRoPYsr hrbµs isµG ny ies ƒ pµjfbI ivc anuvfd krky ‘Kflsf syvk’ dy iek Kfs nµbr ivc Cpvfieaf[ ies dy aYzItr AudoN gurnfm isµG qIr sn[ ieh gwl 1942 dI hY[ kflj Cwzx ipCoN mYN POj ivc BrqI ho igaf qy do iqµn sfl AuQy irhf[ CutIaF ivc iek vfr lfhOr iPridaF mYN vyiKaf ik pµjfbI ikqfbF dI iek dukfn ‘lfhOr buk Èfp’ KulH geI hY[ mYN AuQoN ds ku rupey dIaF pµj cfr ikqfbF lY leIaF[ hux Xfd krky hYrfnI huµdI hY ik AunHF ivc khfxIaF dI koeI ikqfb nhIN sI[ khfxI ivc myrI koeI AucycI idlcspI nhIN sI[ iek ikqfb eIÈvr icqRkfr dI klm dI afvfË mYƒ bhuq cµgI lwgI[ ies qoN pihlF mYƒ duwgl dI iek pusqk myrI coxvIN khfxI kflj qoN ienfm ivc imlI sI[ ies ivc Aus ny Aus vyly dy pRiswD khfxIkfrF dI iek iek khfxI idwqI hoeI sI[ syKoN dI ‘pRymI dy inafxy’ sI ijhVI mYƒ bhuq cµgI lwgI[ AuNj mYN syKoN df nF bhuq pihlF suixaf hoieaf sI[ aYP.ey. ivc pVHidaF mYN iek prcy ivc ‘Bwqf’ khfxI pVHI[ mYƒ bVI hYrfnI hoeI ik pµjfbI ivc ikµnIaF inÈµg gwlF ilKIaF jf rhIaF hn qy iks qrHF ipµz dI afm ijhI gwl qoN hI pVHn Xog sfihq bx igaf sI[ pihlF asIN ikqfbF ivc kyvl vzy vzy lokF dy mUµhoN gwlF sunx dy hI afdI sF[ ieh khfxI mYƒ kdI nf BuwlI qy afpxI khfxI ‘Cfh vylf’ mYN ies vrgI khfxI ilKx dI iewCf nfl hI ilKI[ pRoPYsr syKoN aYm.ey. ivc sfƒ pVHFdy vI sn[ sfƒ pVHfx vfly bfkI pRoPYsr ienHF nfloN vwD qnKfh lYNdy sn[ iek pRoPYsr qyjf isµG sn qy kuJ vlfieq pfs isµDI aqy bµgflI pRoPYsr sn[ pr mYN pRoPYsr syKoN ƒ hI bhuqf lfiek aqy vDIaf afdmI smJdf sF aqy hYrfn huµdf sF ik bfkI lok vI myry vFg ikAuN nhIN socdy[ pRoPYsr syKoN vI mYƒ bVf cusq ividafrQI jfxdy sn BfvyN myry nfloN vwD nµbr lYx vfly keI sn[ POj qoN ijnHF CuwtIaf dI mYN gwl kr irhf sF AunHF ivc hI lfhOr iPridaF suirµdr isµG nrUlf iml igaf[ Aus disaf ik Auh ‘pµj diraf’ ivc kµm krdf ey[ mYN cµdf dy ky gfhk bx igaf[ ieh 1943 dI gwl ey[ kuJ mhIinaF ipCoN ies ivc duwgl dI khfxI ‘zµgr’ CpI[ ibnf jfx pCfx dy mYN Aus ƒ POj ivcoN icwTI ilKI ik quhfzI khfxI bhuq

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cµgI ey[ Aus ny jvfb idwqf ik quhfzy vrgy sUJvfn pfTkF leI ilKx df bVf svfd afAuNdf ey[ EdoN dy ies vwto-swty df hux kdI cyqf afAuNdf ey qF bhuq hfsf afAuNdf ey[ aµgryË POjI aPsrF dy mn pRcfvy leI EdoN bhuq sfry prcy vlfieqoN afAuNdy sn[ ieho ijhy iek prcy ivc iek khfxI iek cfcy bfry sI ijhVf Èrfb pI ky afpxy BqIjy nfl bVy prym dIaF gwlF krdf sI[ mYN soicaf ik ieho ijhI khfxI pµjfbI ivc ilKxI cfhIdI ey[ Èfied Auh vI CVf sI[ pr aµgryËF dy CVy sfzy Aus vyly dy CiVaF nfloN Zyr vKry huµdy sn[ jdoN mYN afpxy ipµz dy iek CVy cfcy vl iDafn mfiraf qF Auh bhuq byjfn ijhf lwgf[ Aus qrHF dy afdmI bfry myrI khfxI ilKx dI nIXq nhIN sI[ iek awD gwl qF mYN Ausy dI lY leI pr bhuqIaF koloN joV ky mYN iek khfxI GV leI[ cUµik Aus dI (rfsLtrpqI jLfikr husYn qoN sfihq akfdmI df ienfm pRfpq kridaF)

koeI vhutI nhIN sI, mYN soicaf Auh ies gwl ƒ lukfx leI Aus bfry gwlF bxFdf hovygf[ ieh khfxI mYN suirµdr isµG nrUlf ƒ ‘pµj diraf’ ivc Cfpx leI dy idwqI[ EdoN qk nrUly ny ajy nfvl qF nhIN sI iliKaf pr kuJ khfxIaF ilKIaF sn[ mYN ies ƒ Aus dI iek bhuq mhfn pRfpqI smJdf sF qy ies krky Aus ƒ iek vKrI BFq df afdmI igxdf sF[ ieQoN qk ik jdoN asIN iekwTy anfrklI ivcoN lµG rhy huµdy qf mYN afp kuJ vyKx dI QF ieh vyK irhf huµdf ik Auh kI vyKdf ey? mYN ies gwl qoN bhuq pRBfvq sF ik iks qrHF Auh aYvyN iPridaF turidaF khfxIaF lwB lYNdf ey ijQoN sfƒ kuJ vI nhIN lwBdf[ myrI Auh khfxI mohn isµG ny bhuq psµd kIqI aqy mYƒ ies bfry icwTI ilKI[ icwTI ivc AunHF aµgryËI ivc iliKaf ik mYƒ qyry ivc iek bhuq vzf lyKk bxn dIaF sµBfvnfvF idsdIaF hn[ AunHF afpxI rfey mYƒ ilK ky ByjI BfvyN mYN Ausy Èihr ivc rihµdf sF aqy keI vfr AunHF nfl tkrf vI huµdf rihµdf sI[ gwl qy koeI nhIN sI huµdI ikAuNik ies qoN pihlF gwl koeI krn ƒ hY nhIN sI[ ipCoN gwlF hox lg peIaF[ ijµnf icr pRo.mohn isµG ‘pµj diraf’ dy sµpfdk rhy Auh, ijQy vI AunHf ƒ iksy dI koeI cµgI ilKq idsdI, ies qrHF dIaF icwTIaF ilKdy rhy[ AunHF df ieh kµm pµjfbI sfihq dI AunqI leI bhuq hI mhwqqf vflf hY[ ieh icwTI afAux nfl mYƒ iek qrHF df vKq pY igaf[ ieEN lgy ik khfxIaF ËrUr ilKxIaF hn pr pqf nhIN sI lgdf ik iks gwl bfry ilKF? Aus qoN ipCoN jF hux qF ieh smwisaf huµdI hY ik ivÈf sfhmxy huµdf ey pr Aus ƒ inBfx jF ibafn krn ivc iZl krIdI ey jF muÈkl afAuNdI ey[ pr Aus vyly ivÈf lwBxf bhuq aOKf lgdf sI[ ieh pqf nhIN lgdf sI ik ikhVf ivÈf cl jfeygf[ ikhVI gwl Auqy ilKI khfxI TIk rhygI[ EdoN mYƒ aµgryËI dI aYm.ey. kIiqaF iqµn cfr sfl ho gey sn[ AuNj sfihq bfry mYƒ kuJ sUJ hY sI qy hornF dIaF ilKIaF pµjfbI khfxIaF ƒ mYN cµgI qrHF prK skdf sF pr afpxIaF khfxIaF bfry mYƒ kuJ pqf nf lgdf[ ‘pµj diraf’ dy dPqr hyTF iek lYtr bks lwgf hoieaf sI[ khfxI ilK lYx ipCoN mYN dupihr vyly kdI jFdf aqy Aus ivc afpxI khfxI pf ky Bwj afAuNdf[ mYƒ zr huµdf ik mYƒ vyK ky pRoPYsr mohn isµG mYƒ afvfË mfr lYxgy[ iPr nvIN khfxI dI gwl inkl afvygI qF Auh pVHn ƒ kihxgy[ Èfied ieh iblkul hI AUl-jlUl hovy[ iPr Auh kI socxgy? qy mYN AunHF dy sfhmxy ikvyN KlovFgf? keI hPqy mYN Aus pfisEN lµGdf hI nf ik ikDry iml nf pYx qy ieh kih nf dyx ik Auh khfxI qF bhuq GtIaf sI[ iPr jdoN aglf prcf inkldf aqy khfxI pihly jF dUjy QF Auqy CpI huµdI qF mYN pwky pYrIN ho jFdf ik TIk sI qF hI qy CpI ey[ iPr ijµnf icr aglI khfxI ilK ky mYN lYtr bks ivc nf pf afAuNdf mYN afpxy iPrn qurn Auqy koeI pfbµdI nf lfAuNdf[ mYƒ iksy df zr nhIN sI[ pr aglI khfxI ilKx ipCoN iPr ies qrHF hI huµdf[ pµj swq khfxIaF Cpx ipCoN mYN pwky pYrIN ho igaf[ keI sflF ipCoN ‘jfgRqI’ dI aYzItrI dy Ëmfny ivc jdoN koeI khfxI vfps krnI pYNdI qF iksy nvyN lyKk dI icwTI afAuNdI, ‘dso myrI khfxI ivc nuks kI ey?’ mYƒ AunHF dy svY-Brosy dI afpxy purfxy zr nfl qulnf krky bVf hfsf afAuNdf[ mYN pµjvIN jmfq ivc hI ipµzoN dUr nnkfxy sfihb pVHn tur igaf sF[ kuJ sfl AuQy aqy iPr ÈyKUpury pVHdf irhf[ Aus qoN mgroN kfljF ivc[ ipµz mYN kyvl CutIaF ivc hI afAuNdf pr ies nfl vI myrf ipµz nfl gUVHf sbµD bixaf irhf[ myry Gr vfly hwQIN vfhI krdy sn[ mYN vI ivcy lg jFdf[ iek kµm ijhVf mYN kdI nf kr sikaf Auh rfq nihr dy pfxI dI vfrI lfxf sI[ grmIaF ivc jdoN rfq CotI huµdI hY mYN iek vfr koÈÈ vI kIqI pr bfrF ku vjy hI Kfl dy nfl iek vgI hoeI pYlI ivc sON igaf qy idn cVHy AuiTaf[ pYlI ivc iek do vfr mYN hlF df pUrf joqrf lgf idwqf[ sfrf idn PlHy vI gfh ky vyKy hn[ mwJF cfrn dI mYƒ bhuq cµgI jfc sI[ mwJF ƒ ÈONk nfl Gfh cridaF vyK ky mYƒ bhuq TµZ

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pYNdI[ ‘do afny df Gfh’.khfxI mYƒ afpxy iesy ÈONk ivcoN suwJI[ iek hor kµm ijs df mYN Ausqfd inkilaf Auh GoV svfrI sI[ GoVIaF ƒ mCrf ky, pYlIaF dy ivcoN dI keI keI mIl Bjf ky mYƒ bhuq svfd afAuNdf[ AunHF ƒ vI bhuq Qkf dyNdf qy afp vI bhuq Qwk jFdf[ sfAux BfdroN ivc, jdoN kflj ivc CutIaF huµdIaF, mYN ipµz af jFdf[ Auh bhuq kµm krn dy idn huµdy sn qy lokF ƒ bhuq svyry AuTxf pYNdf[ dupihrI kuJ icr afrfm krn df irvfjL sI[ ies afrfm vyly ipµz dy iek sFJy Cwqy hoey QF ivc bVI sBf lgdI[ hr Aumr dy lok huµdy[ bwcy kOzIaF Kyzdy, Aus qoN vzy qfÈ aqy Aus qoN vI vzy pfÈf Kyzdy[ bhuq Qwky hoey hflI sON jFdy[ buwZy gwlF krdy[ Aus sBf df koeI prDfn nhIN huµdf sI, ies leI glbfq bVI huiÈafrI nfl aqy suafdlI krnI pYNdI sI[ AuWcI afvfË vfilaF ƒ bVf Ìfiedf rihµdf[ afvfË afm krky AunHF dI hI AuWcI huµdI ijnHF dy srIr bhuq qkVy huµdy[ rfq ƒ bfpU qy Brf ivckfr vfhI bfry slfhF huµdIaF[ iks pYlI ivc kI bIjxf hY? arUVI ikQy pfxI hY? iks iks pYlI ƒ pfxI dI bhuqI loV hY[ slfhF qF kI huµdIaF Auh[ Brf dI aYvyN mfVI ijhI vot hI sI[ cldI bfpU dI hI[ myrI mfVI ijhI vot vI nhIN sI[ ieQy bVy mhqvpUrn PYsly huµdy ijnHF dy TIk hox nfl Gr mfVf motf cldf rihxf sI aqy glq hox nfl AujV jfxf sI[ nfly mYƒ smJ koeI nhIN sI[ mfVI vfhI dy do nuksfn huµdy hn[ iek qF guËfrf cµgf nhIN cldf; dUjf ipµz ivc iewËq Gt jFdI hY[ ijs qrHF Èihr ivc bhuqI qnKfh vflf afdmI nfly qf pYsy bhuq Gr lY jFdf hY, nfly Auhdf swjy Kwby ruhb huµdf ey[ iesy qrHF ipµz ivc cµgI vfhI vfly df ruhb huµdf hY, nfly Aus dI afmdnI bhuqI huµdI hY[ ieh slfhF aqy ipµz dIaF hor gwlF bfqF sunx nfl aqy vfhI ivc mfVf motf Psx nfl mYƒ pyNzU smfj df kuJ igafn ho igaf, ijs ny sfihq ivc myrI bVI shfieqf kIqI[ 1947 qoN ipCoN pyNzU vfqfvrn ivc khfxIaF ilKx dI myrI smrQf GtdI geI[ awT dws khfxIaF Cpx ipCoN mYN pRoPYsr mohn isµG hurF nfl bYTx aqy gwlF bfqF krn lg ipaf[ Auh myrI bhuq Ausqq krdy aqy mYƒ vzy vzy rUsI aqy aµgryËI khfxIkfrF nfl qulnf dyNdy[ Auh kihµdy mYN CyqI hI qyrIaF khfxIaF dI pusqk CfpFgf[ ieho ijhIaF gwlF sux ky mYN ckrf jFdf[ ijs kmry ivc bYTy huµdy Auh kmrf BoNdf lgdf[ mYN nf kuJ bol skdf, nf kuJ vyK skdf[ bs kursI ƒ hwQ pf ky bYTf rihµdf[ Aus vyly qk mYƒ khfxIaF dy myry nF Qly pricaF ivc Cp jfx dy ipCoN df kuJ pqf nhIN sI[ mYƒ ieh iKafl hI nhIN sI ik jIvn ivc myrf vzf kµm ilKxf pVHnf qy ies bfry socxf hI hY[ mYN afpxy afp ƒ inrol sfihqk ivakqI nhIN smJdf sF ijvyN hux smJdf hF[ ilKx ƒ aYvyN ivhly vyly df kµm igxdf sF[ mYN hr gwl ipµz dy vfqfvrn ivc krn df iewCk sF[ jy koeI iKafl mYƒ ÈihrI jIvn ivcoN vI suJdf qF mYN Aus ƒ iDk ky ipµz lY jFdf qy AuQoN dy pfqrF rfhIN AuGfVdf[ AuQoN dI gwl krnf myry leI sOKf sI[ ‘mUhlI ijzy zOly’ vflI khfxI df iKafl mYƒ lfhOr rihµidaF AuQoN dy jIvn ivcoN lBf pr mYN Aus ƒ ipµz ivc lY igaf qy AuQoN dI khfxI ilKI[ ‘pfÈo’ khfxI iek jvfn ho rhy muµzy dy Aus anuBv bfry hY jdoN Aus ƒ pihlI vfr ieh pqf lgdf hY ik Aus dy nfl KyzdI kuVI Aus dI Kyz sfQx hox qoN ibnF iek hor kmfl dI cIË vI hY[ ieh anuBv ipµz ivc rihµidaF vI ho skdf hY aqy Èihr ivc vI[ mYƒ pwkf Xfd qF nhIN pr ho skdf hY ik ieh iKafl mYƒ Èihr ivc hI afieaf hovy[ pr mYN ies ƒ vI ipµz dI khfxI bxf ky hI iliKaf[ ieh Jukf duwD df CwpV (1955) qIk vI cldf irhf[ afpxI vhutI sfhmxy hIxq hox qoN bcx leI iek afdmI vDIaf cfl cldf ey[ ieh khfxI mYƒ Èihr ivc rihµidaf suwJI[ EdoN ipµz nfloN myrf sbµD tuwitaF aT sfl ho gey sn pr myry mn ivc ieh sbµD hfly jIAUNdf sI[ hrbµs isµG ny cfr pµj sfl ipCoN ies df aµgryËI ivc anuvfd kIqf qy mYƒ ikhf ik ies khfxI ijhf pyNzU vfqfvrn sfry pµjfbI sfihq ivc hor ikDry nhIN imldf[ 1960 ivc ‘gwlHF’ CpI qF KuÈvµq isµG ny ikhf hux qUµ pihly vflf nhIN irhf[ qyrI ikrq ivcoN ipµz df nF inÈfn AuWz igaf hY[ ieh gwl TIk ey[ ikrq krdy pyNzU df hux myry mn ivc koeI nkÈf nhIN[ ipCly anuBv dy afDfr Auqy jy cfhvF qF nfvl ilK skdf hF[ khfxIaf ilKx leI purfxf anuBv kµm nhIN afAuNdf[ sfzf ipµz pfiksqfn bxn ipCoN AujV igaf[ ipµz vfly QfEN QfeIN iKµz gey[ mYN Èihr ivc nOkrI krn lg ipaf[ ipµz vfly kµm qF AuhI krdy ny jo pihlF krdy sn pr myry leI AunHF dy hux dy jIvn df anuBv asµBv ey[ mYN jdoN AunHF kol jfvF vI qF ipCly ipµz afAux vflf aihsfs kdy nhIN huµdf[ ipCly ipµz dy iek Bfg ivc hI jFdf hF ikAuNik ipµz qF iKµz igaf hoieaf hY[ mYN jdoN jfvF qF Auh iek dm Èrfb lBx qy kukV PVn lg jFdy hn[ kukV PVidaF bxidaF qF dyr lgdI ey pr Èrfb Ausy vyly ÈurU ho jFdI ey[ pµj sq bµdy iekTy ho jFdy ny[ kuJ lqIÌybfËI cldI ey, kuJ cODr nfl sbµD rKdy totky boly jFdy ny qy iPr aijhf smF af jFdf ey jdoN iksy gwl df arQ koeI mnoivigafnI kwZ sky qF

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kwZy, myry leI kuJ nhIN huµdf[ bs afvfËF qy ‘gl sux’ hI ‘gl sux’[ svyry ijxsF dy BfvF dIaF, bIaF dIaF, KfdF dIaF, pfxIaF dIaf gwlF huµdIaF ny[ AunHF dIaF afpxIaF hI koeI jVHF nhIN lgIaF[ ieh ÈihrI vwsoN df gux ey[ bhuq vDIaf PslF huµdIaF ny, pfxI lgdy ny, mihµgy Bfa ivwkdIaF ny[ pr mYN nvyN ipµzF bfry nvyN anuBv hfsl krn qoN asmrQ hF[ AunHF df afpxf vI iksy QF nfl bhuqf ipafr nhIN[ ËmIn ijxsF pYdf krn df iek kfrKfnf ijhf lgdI ey[ pihlF ipµz hor qrHF df sI[ ipµz dy sO zyZ sO iËmINdfr Gr asIN ieko vizwky dI aOlfd sF[ Ausdy awgoN do puwqr sn ijnHF dy nF Auqy do pwqIaF sn[ iek ƒ cVHdI pwqI afKdy sn qy dUjI ƒ lihµdI pwqI[ ËmIn aqy Gr cVHdy aqy lihµdy pfsy hox krky ipµz ivc rihµidaF asIN cVHdI pwqI vfly lihµdI pwqI ƒ afpxy qoN bhuq dUr igxdy sF[ ies df Bfv kyvl ieh sI ik cVHdI pwqI vfly sfƒ bhuq nyVy sn[ swq pIVIaF AuWqy jf ky asIN sfry iek ho jFdy sF[ ijs smyN ieh pIVHIaF turdIaF AudoN ku hI asIN aqy pµjfb dy hor lok kys rwK ky iswK bxy sF[ jy ihsfb lfeIey qF rfjy aflf isµG qoN ipwCoN, ijhVf pitafly dI gwdI AuWqy pihlf iswK rfjf sI, hux qwk swq hI pIVHIaF bxdIaF ny[ jdoN ieh pIVHIaF AuqFh turdIaF qF sfƒ afly duafly dy hor ipµzF nfl joVdIaF[ iek pIVHI AuqFh turn nfl iek do ipµz hor nfl af rldy[ ikAuNik jy iek Brf dI aOlfd ny pUrf ipµz vsf ilaf sI qF dUjy Brf jF BrfvF dI aOlfd ny vI Ausy qrHF nyVy dy ipµz vsfey hoey sn[ ivrkF dy AuQy kuwl 125 ipµz sn[ ds pµdrF puÈqF AuqFh jf ky ieh sfry iek ho jFdy hoxgy[ ies qrHF ieh islislf Èfied guru nfnk jF Aus qoN ipCFh iKljIaF dy rfj qk awpV jFdf hovygf[ ieh gwlF mYƒ rOck lgdIaF qy mYN hYrfn huµdf ik pµjfb df ieµnf rOck aqy inwjI ieiqhfs pVHfn dI QF sfƒ afpxy afp iswKx leI ikAuN Cwz idqf jFdf hY[ skUlF kfljF ivc ikAuN nhIN disaf jFdf[ mYN bI.ey. qk ieiqhfs piVHaf sI[ jy aYm.ey. qk vI pVHdf qF vI ieh gwlF iksy nhIN sn dsxIaF qy sfƒ afp hI aµgryË aPsrF dy ilKy iËlf ÊËtIarF jF bµdobsq irportF afid ivcoN lBxIaF pYxIaF sn[ KYr, sfzy ipµzF vfilaF ƒ ienHF gwlF df pqf sI aqy AunHF dy jIvn ienHF gwlF duafly hI AuWsry hoey sn[ jo icµqn Bfrq ivc pCm jF kimAUinst pfrtI dy asr Qwly hoieaf hY Aus ivc ienHF gwlF ƒ Cupfx df jqn kIqf igaf hY[ muwK iKafl dohF df iewko hI sI ik ieh gwlF bµdy ƒ bµdy nfloN vKirafAuNdIaF hn qy sfzf inÈfnf AunHF ƒ iekwTy krnf hY[ pr iekwTy hox df sfDn kI afpxf ap Bulfxf hI hY? iek afdmI ƒ jy ieh dws dyeIey ik qyrf ipE Plfxf sI qy dfdf Plfxf sI qF kI Auh dUijaF nfl bYTx qoN nFh kr dyNdf hY qy afpxy leI vKrI bYTk mµgdf hY? kwlH ƒ jy AunHF ƒ koeI JUT mUT ieh kih dyvy ik ieh DrqI quhfzI nhIN hY jF qusIN ienHF lokF ivwcoN nhIN ho qF Auh kI jvfb dyxgy? KYr, myry mn aµdr qy sfzy hor lokF dy mn aµdr ies gwl dI pkV sI ik asIN sYNkVy sflF qoN ieQy bYTy hoey hF[ iesy DrqI Auqy pihlF mwJF cfrdy aqy iPr vfhI krdy rhy hF[ ivrkF dy ipµzF qoN prHF pµJI qIh mIl dI ivwQ Auqy myry nfnikaF df ipµz sI[ Auh cwTy sn[ gujrFvfly dI hfÌËfbfd aqy vËIrfbfd qihsIlF ivc cwiTaF dy bhuqy sfry ipµz sn[ iek ipµz iek afdmI df nhIN sgoN iek brfdrI jF BfeIcfry df huµdf hY qy ho skdf hY iksy ƒ ivcoN do eykV Boieµ vI nf afAuNdI hovy[ cwTy bhuqy muslmfn sn pr ipwCoN Auh sfry ieko vizwky dI aOlfd sn[ ies leI Auh muslmfn vI sfƒ hornF nfloN sky sn[ ieh brfdrIaF iek dUjy qoN vwzIaF CotIaF nhIN sn[ kyvl iksfn smfj dI vµz dI gwl hY[ ijhVIaF brfdrIaF iek dUjy vl sfk krdIaF hox AunHF dy vwzy qy Coty hox df koeI svfl nhIN[ myrf iek Brf iËlHf lfhOr ivc iZlUaF dy Gr ivafihaf hoieaf sI[ iZlUaF dy pfiksqfnI srhwd dy afr pfr bhuq sfry ipµz sn, prqfp isµG kYroN qy guridafl isµG iZwloN df ielfkf[ mYN afp eyDr af ky gryvflF dy ivafihaf igaf ijhVI brfdrI luiDafxy dy nyVy dy ielfky ivc rihµdI hY[ sfrIaF iksfn brfdrIaF iek dUjy vl sfk lYNdIaF dyNdIaF hn[ koeI vI vwzI jF CotI nhIN[ mYN dws irhf sF ik Bfrq ivc af ky ijhVy nvyN ipµzF ivc ivrk vwsy sn AunHF ipµzF ivc awj klH df jIvn ikho ijhf hY, mYƒ iesdf koeI anuBv nhIN[ ies leI khfxI ivc vI mYƒ aj klH dy iksy ipµz ivc vVn qoN zr lgdf ey[ ‘ÈyrnIaF’ivc ipµz ivc pVHfx jFdI kuVI ƒ mYN sVk qoN hI ividaf kr idµdf hF[ Aus dy nfl ipµz ivc nhIN jFdf[ Jfkf afAuNdf hY[ ‘muwZo suZoN’ khfxI ivc mYN ipµz ivc iek Kfs Gtnf ƒ vyKx prdysIaF vFg jFdf hF, ijvyN hor lok jFdy hn[ ies Gtnf bfry hI vyK sux skdf hF, ipµz dy jIvn ivc prvyÈ nhIN kr skdf[ myrf Èihr ivc rihxf, myrf kµm (nOkrI), sfzy afpxy ipµz df AujV jfxf qy eys pfsy koeI purfxf ipµz nf hox krky ikDry jVHF nf lgxIaF, ieh sB gwlF myry hux dy pyNzU jIvn dy icqrn dy rfh ivc rukfvtF hn[ ijs gwl dI myrf idl sfKI nf Bry Auh ilKx qoN sµkoc krdf hF[ asl ivc myry ieh gwl krn dI loV hI nhIN[ ies qoN iksy df QuiVHaf vI kI ey!

vqn


iehI gwl smfj dI sB qoN vD pIVq ÈRyxI dy myry icqrn Auqy vI ZukdI hY[ mYN ies ivc kdI nhIN viVaf[ mYƒ sµpqI rihq jF Gor inrfdr vfly jIvn df koeI anuBv nhIN[ agy vfhI eynf Gfty vflf sOdf huµdf sI ik ieh buJxf aOKf huµdf sI ik ijnHF hor grIbF ƒ iËµmINdfr agy kµm Auqy lFdy hn Auh vD sOKy hn jF Auh afp kµm Auqy lfx vfly[ cµgy kfmy ƒ sfrf sfl rotI mflk iksfn koloN Kfx ipCoN sfl dy aKIr Auqy cflI mx kxk imldI sI[ cUµik AuhdI vhutI vI iksfn dy Gr df kµm krdI sI Auh afpxy jogI rotI lY jFdI hovygI[ keI iksfn, BfvyN Auh mUµhoN nf kihµdy hox, sfl dy aµq Auqy ieqnI bwcq leI qrsdy hoxgy[ AunHF mfmlf qfrn leI Èfied krËf cuwkxf huµdf sI[ pr ieh vÉqF aqy kriËaF vflf jIvn ijAuNdf hoieaF vI Auh ipµz ivc iek (ËmIn df) mflk sI[ qy AuQoN dy aqy hor nyVy qyVy dy vwzy qoN vwzy afdmI dy brfbr sI[ Tfxydfr jF qihsIldfr dI gwl vwKrI sI[ afm krky iksy hor kfmy ƒ Auh bVI imµnq nfl kµm krn afAux leI afKdf sI[ pr afKdf qF afKr ieh hI sI ik nf ik myry Kyq ivc kµm krn afvIN[ ienHF ipµzF dy byËmIn kfimaF dy GrF ivc ikvyN huµdf sI, ies df mYƒ cµgf anuBv nhIN[ Kyq kfimaF qoN ibnF ipµzF ivc hor by-ËmIny (muslmfn) lok vI bhuq huµdy sn[ asl ivc CotI mflkI dy ipµzF ivc bhu igxqI ienHF dI hI huµdI (jy ieh gwl nf huµdI qF pfiksqfn dI srhwd aµimRqsr dy eynI nyVy nf bxdI)[ ienHF dy GrF df vI mYƒ koeI pqf nhIN sI[ ipµzF ivc muµizaF dy iek dUjy dy Gr jfx df koeI irvfjL nhIN sI[ Auh Kyzx leI ipµz dy bfhr hI iekwTy huµdy aqy kµm dUr KyqF ivc krdy[ kuVIaf hI iek dUjI dy GrF ivc jFdIaF sn[ kuJ imwqr ieh kihµdy hn ik BfvyN mYN smfj dI qor ƒ jFc ky rUpmfn vI kr skdf hF mYN Aus ƒ kimAUinst drÈn anusfr bdldf nhIN icqrdf[ ikDry krFqI dI gwl nhIN, nf hI mYN koeI krFqIkfrI pfqr icqiraf hY[ ieh gwl TIk hY[ jy afpxy koloN GV ky hI kuJ icqrnf hY qF kimAUinst afp hI icqr skdy hn[ iksy lyKk dI kI loV hY? asF afpxI sµBfl ivc koeI krFqI nhIN vyKI[ smJoqy huµdy hI vyKy hn[ akflIaF df qy kdI kimAUinstF df kFgrs nfl smJoqf[ kimAUinstF (Kwby qy swjy dohF) df akflIaF aqy jn sµG nfl smJoqf afid[ iPr krFqI ikvyN icqrF? AuNj mYN afly duafly dy lokF bfry kfPI icµqfqur rihµdf hF[ do vwzy kµm grIbI htfxf qy lokF ƒ nvyN Ëmfny bfry gwlF dwsxIaF hn[ keI vfrI myry leI Bly bury dI pCfx muÈkl huµdI ey[ pr ijnHF gwlF bfry mYN pwkf nhIN AunHF ivcoN iek ilµg sbµD hn[ ies bfry bhuqf rol Gcolf ies krky hY ik lok afpxy leI hor qrHF socdy hn qy lokF leI hor qrHF[ lVkIaF lVikaF dI iekwTI pVHfeI dy iek kflj ivc mYN vyiKaf ik AuQy kuVIaF muµizaF ƒ afpo ivc gwl krnI vI mnHF sI[ ipRµsIpl dy iek iesqrI pRoPYsr nfl gUVHy sbµD sn qy Auh dovyN iml ky ies inXm dI krVI pflxf krvfAuNdy[ ‘sfzy Auqy bhuq vwzI ËuµmyvfrI hY, Auh afKdy qy ijhVy sbµD AunHF dy afpo ivc dy sbµDF dy pfskU vI nf huµdy AunHF leI sËfvF idµdy[ awj qoN pµdrF sfl pihlF mYN iek khfxI ‘do JfkIaF’ ilKI sI[ Aus ivc iek pqIvrqf iesqrI aqy iek KulHy suBf dI iesqrI vKfeI sI[ mYƒ dovyN cµgIaF lgIaF sn[ BfvyN KulHy suBf vflI iesqrI ny pVH ky iÈkfieq kIqI sI ik Aus df cirqR Krfb ivKfieaf igaf hY[ ies vyly mn dI hflq ieh hY ik hor iksy pRkfr dI sµBv pRfpqI nfloN kuJ jfnx, smJx aqy ilKx ivc pRfpqI ƒ AuWqm igxdf hF aqy ies ivc hI bhuqf mn lgdf hY[ mYƒ sfihq ivc aXog afdr imly hox df vI kuJ aihsfs hY[ qy Aus df Bfr lfhx leI vI mYN ilKdy rihxf cfhuµdf hF[! (iPLlhfl - pusqk lVI 7- ivwcoN DMnvfd sihq) iPLlhfl leI sMprk: sMpfdk: gurbcn e-mail: [email protected] Ph: (Mob.) 9872506926 - 0172-4624504

Poto: hyTly vYWbsfeIt qoN DMnvfd sihq http://www.ksvirk.in/english/pictures.html

vqn


purfxf sfihq pVHidaF

gurbKsL isMG dy nfvl

axivafhI mF bfry iek itwpxI

sfDU ibinMg

mYN gurbKsL isMG df ieh nfvl ‘axivafhI mF’ bhuq dyr pihlF piVHaf sI[ ies bfry cyqy ivwcoN bhuqf kuJ ikr cuwkf sI[ Aus ny ieh nfvl 1940 dy duafly iliKaf sI[ pihlF ieh ‘pRIq lVI’ aqy ‘pRIq khfxIaF’ ivc Cipaf qy Pyr 1942 ivc pihlI vfrI ikqfbI rUp ivc[ hux qwk ies dy keI aYzIsLn Cp cuwky hn[ ieh nfvl XQfrQvfdI nhIN sgoN cyqn qOr `qy smfj nUM bdlx dy ierfdy nfl iliKaf igaf hY[ ieh mn GVq hY qy ihMdI iPlmF vFg ies ivcly mOkf myl kfPI inrfsLf vfly vI hn[ pr ijs smyN ieh iliKaf igaf aqy ijs ierfdy nfl iliKaf igaf Aus nUM iDafn ivc rwK ky dyiKaF ies dI hr qrHF isPq krnI bxdI hY[ isPq vflI gwl ieh vI hY ik gurbKsL isMG nfvl dy sLurU ivc ilKy sLbdF rfhI afpxI ilKq dy ies pwK nUM bhuq hI pRBfvsLflI qrIky nfl pysL krdf hY:

“myrI koeI khfxI nukqfcInI qoN ibnF pVHI jfx vflI nhIN huMdI –ikAuNik ajy qk kdI afpxy jF dUijaF dy idl-prcfvy leI mYN kuJ nhIN ilK sikaf[ myrI lyKxI df hr Bfg glq kImqF dy iKlfP pRgt jF apRgt iglf hY[ myrf XkIn hY ik mnuwK dI qkdIr ivc isvfey Aus dIaF afp pRcwlq kIqIaF glq kImqF dy hor koeI vI duwK nhIN[ ijLMdgI hr iksy leI iek idlcsp Gtnf hY[ nf ijLMdgI qoN pihlF koeI musIbq sI, nf ijLMdgI qoN ipwCoN koeI hovygI[ sfrIaF musIbqF df jfl mnuwK ny glq kImqF qy glq anumfnF nfl afp AuixaF hY[ jdoN vI mnuwK ies jfl nUM qoVn df hONslf kr lvygf[, AudoN hI Aus leI ijLMdgI iek anUpm rcnf bx skdI hY[”

nfvl ‘axivafhI mF’ ivc bhuq kuJ ies qrHF vI lgdf hY ijs qrHF gurbKsL isMG ny iksy aMgryjLI dy nfvl dI nkl kIqI hovy[ keI vfrI keI vfk qy muhfvrf vI aMgryjLI df BulyKf pfAuNdy hn[ nfvl ivc vrqI geI bolI bVI igxI imQI aqy ‘Pfrml’ jfpdI hY[ nfvl dI pfqr iek bMgflI aOrq hY aqy Auh ikhVI bolI boldI hY ies gwl df vI kuJ sfP sfP pqf

vqn


nhIN lgdf[ ies iksm dIaF keI gwlF nfvl pVHn smyN rVkdIaF hn[ myrI njLr ivc ieh sfrIaF qruwtIaF vI ies nfvl dI vizafeI ivc koeI Prk nhIN pfAuNdIaF[ nfvl dI khfxI ies qrHF hY (pfTkF qoN muafPI sihq): pulIs iek kYdI nUM leI jf rhI hY ijs nUM iksy kql bdly PFsI dI sjLf imlI hY[ pulIs dI lfrI dI twkr huMdI hY aqy AunHF nUM bfkI df rfh qur ky jfxf pYNdf hY[ AuWQy hI sYr krdI iek kuVI AunHF nUM imldI hY[ Auh kYdI nUM jfxdI hY jo Auhdy nfl kflj ivc pVHdf sI[ Auh Aus nUM imlI sjLf sux ky Aus nfl hmdrdI krdI hY aqy rfq Aus nfl gujLfrdI hY[ dUjy idn AuWQy iek Bucfl afAuNdf hY aqy bhuq sfry lok mr jFdy hn[ mrn vfilaF ivc Aus kYdI df nFa vI sLfml hY pr Auh asl ivc mrdf nhIN[ kuVI grBvqI hY aqy Aus dy Gr dy Aus nUM aborsLn leI kihMdy hn pr Auh ienkfr krdI hY aqy afpxI mrjLI nfl GroN inkl jFdI hY pr GridaF nUM ieh BulyKf pf idMdI hY ik Auh mr geI hY[ iewQoN hI nfvl dI aslI gwl sLurU huMdI hY[ Aus kuVI nUM ikqy vI shfrf nhIN imldf[ gurbKsL isMG Aus kuVI nUM pMjfbI smfj ivc ivcridaF drsfAuNdf hY aqy smfj ivc koeI vI aijhI jgHf nhIN ijwQy Auh kuVI mrdF dIaF kfm BuwKIaF awKF qoN bc ky rih sky[ Auh sfry DrmF df dr KVkfAuNdI hY pr Aus nUM AuWQy vI Ausy iksm df qrjrbf huMdf hY[ aKIr ivc Aus nUM iek iesfeI Dfrimk adfry ivc isr lukOx dI QF imldI hY[ AuWQy Auh afpxy muMzy nUM jnm idMdI hY[ aKIr Aus nUM AuWQoN vI iek sfl bfad inklxf pYNdf hY[ Pyr Auh iek isafxI Aumr dy zfktr (gurbKsL isMG) kol rihMdI hY jo Aus nUM afpxI DI smJdf hY pr lok Aus AuWpr sLwk krdy hn[ gurbKsL isMG ny ieh nfvl iliKaf hI ies ierfdy nfl hY ik smfj dy ies iGnfAuxy pwK nUM lokF sfhmxy rwiKaf jfvy[ Auhdy afpxy kihx anusfr Aus vyly bhuq sfry lok Aus nfl guwsy ho gey sn ik Aus ny iek glq cfl clx vflI kuVI nUM nfvl dI hIroien bxfieaf[ lyKk dy afpxy sLbdF ivc: “pr axivafhI mF myrI Auh ilKq hY ijs ny mYQoN myry keI snyhI Koh ley, keIaF dy GrF ivcoN mYnUM qy pRIq lVI nUM hmysLF leI kZf idwqf; keIaF koloN, ijhVy mYnUM cMgf afdmI smiJaf krdy sn, ‘bdmfsL’ df lkb duafieaf hY”[ pr Aus ny ijs qrHF kuVI df pfqr icqrx kIqf hY Auh BfvyN aslI qF nhIN jfpdf pr hY bVf kmfl df[ kuVI bhuq ijgry vflI hY aqy Aus dI soc qrkvfdI hY[ Auh hr jgHF afpxI siQqI ivruwD ihMmq nfl lVdI hY[ ies vfsqy Aus nUM pYr pYr `qy kImq vI cukfAuxI pYNdI hY pr Auh sfbq rihMdI hY[ pMjfbI smfj dI siQqI ikMnI ku bdl cuwkI hY ies bfry qF mYN (bfhr vsdf hox kfrn) bhuqf kuJ nhIN kih skdf pr keI vfrI kuVIaF dy hr idsdy axidsdy kfrnF vws huMdy kql sux ky svfl jLrUr pYdf huMdy rihMdy hn[ myry leI ieh vI PYslf krnf sMBv nhIN ik ajoky pMjfbI smfj ivc ies nfvl dI pfqr vrgIaF kuVIaF hoxgIaF jF nhIN jF ikMnIaF ku hoxgIaF[ mYN jdoN lgfqfr ajoky pMjfbI gIqF ivc aOrq dI pysL kIqI jFdI qsvIr dyKdf suxdf hF qF svfl jLrUr pYdf huMdy hn[ pMjfbI smfj ivc mfrIaF jf rhIaF axjMmIaF kuVIaF bfry vI bhuqy rox Dox pMjfbI mrd kvI qy gIqkfr hI krdy jfpdy hn[ smfj nfl twkr lYx vflIaF qy ies nUM bdlx vflIaF kuVIaF bhuqIaF nhIN idsdIaF[ ies siQqI nUM iDafn `c rwK ky dyiKaF ies nfvl dI sfriQkqf sfP njLr afAuNdI hY[ gurbKsL dI afs anusfr ies gwl qoN ienkfr nhIN kIqf jf skdf ik jo vI koeI pfTk, Kfs kr nOjvfn kuVIaF ies nfvl nUM pVHdIaF hoxgIaF AunHF nUM ies kuVI dy guxF df pqf lgdf hovygf aqy AunHF aMdr ieho ijhI kuVI bxn dI KfihsL pYdf huMdI hovygI[ ieho ies nfvl dI sfriQkqf hY[ afpxI sLYlP `qy ipaf ieh nfvl dubfrf pVHnf mYnUM bhuq cMgf lwgf[ nOjvfnF qy ividafrQIaF nUM ieh nfvl pVHn dI isPfirsL krnI cfhIdI hY[!!

vqn


pfsL aqy hirMdr isMG mihbUb

hirMdr isMG mihbUb vwloN guridafl bwl nUM ilKy KLq ivclIaF ienHF inmn ilKq sqrF dy pRqIkrm vjoN virafm sMDU aqy suirMdr DMjl dIaF itwpxIaF:

“mYnUM pfsL dI mOq AuWqy bhuq qrs afieaf[ asIN iek ajIb byrihm smyN ivcoN gujLr rhy hF[ pfsL eImfndfr jLrUr sI pr aijhy sMkt lwdy smyN ivc jLKLmI idlF dy sB pihlUaF df jfiejLf ley ibnF eImfndfrI df hiQafr vrqxf gLlqI vI ho skdI hY[ ho skdf hY kql hox vfly dI eImfndfrI df Gyrf Cotf hovy qy kfql dy jLKLmI idl dI pIV vwzI hovy[ iPr vI asIN iensfn hF, qy rihm dy shfry hI idl df lhU ijLMdf hY[ eImfn dy iksy vI nukqy AuWqy Klo ky rihm kIqf jf skdf hY[” - hirMdr isMG (gVHdI vflf) 31-3-88

virafm isMG sMDU hirMdr isMG mihbUb vwloN ieh KLq 31-3-88 nUM pfsL dy kql qoN hPLqf ku bfad df iliKaf hoieaf hY[ mYN isrPL ies KLq df Auho ihwsf AuDirq kIqf hY, jo pfsL dy kql nfl `qy mihbUb vwloN kIqy ‘aPLsos’ nfl sMbMiDq hY[ ieh KLq amrIkf qoN CpdI aKLbfr ‘pMjfb tfeImjL’ dy 27 PrvrI dy ‘isLkfgo aYzIsLn’ ivc Cipaf hY[ myrI alp-buwD nUM qF ieho hI lwgf hY ik ieh KLq pfsL dy kql nUM hwk-b-jfnb TihrfAuNdf hY[ mihbUb pfsL nUM ‘eImfndfr’ qF afKdf hY pr AusdI ‘eImfndfrI’ nfl iDr bx ky Kloqf nhIN hoieaf sgoN ‘kfql iDr dy jLKLmI idl dI vwzI pIV’ nfl Kloqf njLr afAuNdf hY[ Auh ‘eImfn’ dy ‘iksy hor’ nukqy `qy Kloqf hY[ ies nukqy qoN AusdI ‘eImfndfr’ njLr nUM pfsL df kql krn vflI iDr df ‘aYksLn’ TIk lwgdf jfpdf hY[ pfsL dI eImfndfrI df Gyrf Cotf afKx qoN Bfv AusnUM iek qrHF ‘bysmJ’ afKx qoN vI hY ijhVf ‘smyN dI nbjL’ nhIN sI pCfx sikaf qy ijs ivc ‘kfqlF dy jLKLmI idl dy drd’ nUM smJx qy mihsUsx dI soJI nhIN sI[ mihbUb kihMdf lwgdf hY ik pfsL ny ‘jLKLmI idlF nUM duKf ky gLlqI kIqI qy Ausdf PLlL AusnUM Bugqxf hI pYxf sI!’ mihbUb sLfied ieh kihxf cfh irhf hY ik ‘pfsL vrgy aijhy bMdy axafeI-mOq mrdy hI huMdy ny!’ pfsL dI mOq `qy Aus vwloN kIqf ‘aPLsos’ vI ‘eImfn’ dy Es nukqy qy Klo ky hI kIqf igaf hY ijQoN ‘pfsL dI eImfndfrI’ nUM ‘eImfndfrI’ afKxf vI aYvyN sLbdF df hyr-PLyr hI hY[ asl ivc eyQy ‘eImfndfrI’ dy arQ ‘mUrKLqf’ inkldy jfpdy ny[ jy myry ivcfrF dI koeI quk bxdI hY qF myrI ieCf hY ik ‘mhfn iswK ivdvfn’ kr ky jfxy qy prcfry jFdy mihbUb dI ‘iswKI’ qy Ausdf ‘drdmMd idl’ vI lok vyK lYx[

suirMdr DMjl (knvInr, pfsL XfdgfrI kOmFqrI tRst) pfsL df kql 23 mfrc 1988 nUM hoieaf sI[ ieh KLq pfsL dy kql qoN awT ku idn bfad df iliKaf hoieaf hY[ eyQy ies KLq df isrPL Auho ihwsf drj kIqf igaf hY, jo pfsL dy kql nfl aqy mihbUb vwloN kIqy ‘qrs’, ‘rihm’, aqy ‘aPLsos’ nfl sMbMiDq hY[ ies KLq nUM GoKx qoN bfad sLwk dI koeI guMjfiesL hI nhIN rih jFdI ik hirMdr isMG mihbUb df ieh KLq pfsL dI eImfndfrI nUM gLlq jF CotI sfbq krn leI, aqy pfsLL dy kLql nUM jfiejL TihrfAux leI iliKaf igaf hY[ “... gLlqI vI ho skdI hY” aqy “... ho skdf hY” vrgI sLbdfvlI vrqky mihbUb ny ijs zfvFzol mfnisk avsQf dI pRdrsLnI kIqI hY, aijhI zfvFzolqf qoN AuWpr AuWTI hoeI inDVk kfivk-avfjL df nfm hI pfsL hY/sI[ pfsL df jIvn, jF pfsL dI mOq iksy dy qrs jF rihm dI pfqr nhIN, sgoN smkfl dy nfl nfl, afAux vflIaF pIVHIaF leI vI cfnx-munfrf hY[ eyhI kfrn hY ik ‘jLKLmI idl dI vwzI pIV’ vfly pfsL dy kfqlF df koeI nfm qwk vI nhIN jfxdf aqy pfsL df nfm idno idn hrmn-ipafrf ho irhf hY[ ‘eImfn’ dy ijs nukqy ’qy Klo ky, pfsL dy kfqlF dy hwk ivwc BugqidaF, mihbUb jI ny byrihm zfvFzolqf nfl ‘qrs’, ‘rihm’ aqy ‘eImfn’ dI gwl CohI hY, Aus nukqy ’qy AuhnF dI ieh ilKq KLud hI qrsXog bx geI hY[ pihlI vfr hYrfnI AudoN hoeI sI jdoN mfE-jLy-quMg dy lMmy sPLr (dI lONg mfrc) nUM ‘pVqflx aqy GoKx df sLOkIn’ mihbUb, mfrksvfd nUM ‘icMqn dIaF msnUeI qdbIrF df Êulfm’ ilKx lWg ipaf sI (JnF dI rfq, muwKbMD)[ dUjf Jtkf AudoN vwijaf sI jdoN agsq 1965 ivwc ilKI “sLhId Bgq isMG nUM afvfjLF” vrgI kivqf df rcnfkfr mihbUb, 25-7-89 nUM sucyq qOr ’qy iekbfl krdf hY ik Auh ‘Bgq isMG df ijLkr krnf acyq hI Buwl igaf’, jF ‘Bgq isMG dI aihmIaq afm nyk afdmI nfloN kuJ hI vwD rih jFdI hY’, jF Bgq isMG ijs ‘vMngI dy sLhId’ hn, ‘AuhnF dy afdrsL nUM ÈuhrqF dI duinafvI lflsf smuwcI ijLMdgI AuWqy PYlx nhIN idMdI’, jF Bgq isMG hux ‘myry kfiv-anuBv ivc nhIN rhy’ (JnF dI rfq, sPLf 114, sPLf 726, aqy muwKbMD)[ mihbUb df Auprokq KLq hYrfnI dI qIjI isKr hY[ !

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pusqk jfxpCfx

‘blYk aYNz blUa sfVHI’ GrylU ihMsf dI vfrqf

(lyKk kml iZwloN)

ipCly idnI ‘blYk aYNz blUa sfVHI’ nF dI iek ikqfb pVHx nUM imlI[ ieh ikqfb kml iZwloN dI svY-jIvnI hY[ Ausdy hwzIN hMzfey dI vfrqf[ kml iZwloN mYtro vYnkUvr dI vsnIk hY[ aMgryjLI ivc ilKI ieh ikqfb vihsLI pqI vwloN kIqy jLulmF dI gfQf hY[ 292 siPLaF ivc PYlI ies ikqfb nUM ‘lots spIikMg aYNz rfeIitMg srI,bI sI’ ny Cfipaf hY[ lyKk afpxy mF-bfp nfl solHF sfl dI Aumr ivc knyzf afeI[ Auh nON BYx-BrfvF ivwcoN swqvyN nMbr `qy hY[ knyzf `c jd Ausny bfrHvIN jmfq pfs kIqI, mfipaF ny Aus leI vr lwBxf sLurU kr idwqf[ CyqIN hI mfipaF ny iewk piVHaf-iliKaf qy sohxf- sunwKf muMzf Aus leI vr cux ilaf[ muMzf knyzf ivc pVHfeI krn afieaf hoieaf sI[ muMzy dy pirvfr df ieMzIaf ivc cMgf kfrobfr sI[ lyKk nUM Ausdy mfipaF ny vr cunx lwigaF AusdI mrjLI nhIN puwCI pr lyKk KusL sI[ Aus nUM afpxf vr afpxIaF hor BYxF dy GrvfilaF nfloN ijafdf piVHaf qy sohxf lwgf[ pr Auh vihsLI inkilaf[ rwj ky sLrfb pINdf[ lyKk nUM kuwtdf[ isLkfieq nf krn aqy horF nUM nf dwsx dI DmkI idMdf afKdf ik Auh lyKk qy Ausdy mfipaF nUM mfr dyvygf[ kml iZwloN ies jLulm nUM cuwp-cfp sihx krdI rhI[ idno-idn mfr-kuwt vDdI geI[ do bwcy ho gey[ Auh vYnkUvr qoN ieMzIaf rihx leI cly gey[ AuWQy Grvfly dy nfl-nfl AusdI mF qy pRIvfr dy hor jIa vI lyKk nfl bdslUkI krdy[ AuQy do hor bwcy pYdf ho gey[ bhuq sfl lyKk aiqafcfr sihMdI rhI[ iPr Aus aMdr bl Aupijaf qy Aus ny jLulm ivruD lVHx dI Tfx leI[ Aus leI rsqy sfPL hox lwgy qy Auh afpxy blbUqy `qy bwicaF df pflx-posx krn lwgI[ Grvfly dI AunHF pfxIaF ivc hI zuwb ky mOq ho geI, ijnHF pfxIaF ivc kdy Auh lyKk nUM Dwk ky mfrnf cfhuMdf sI[ awj-kwlH ibrqFqkfr kol afpxf Gr hY[ bwcy pVH-ilK gey hn[ vwzI bytI df ivafh ho igaf hY[ lyKk jLulm Jwl rhIaF aOrqF nUM julm nfl twkr lYx leI pRyrdI hY[ Auh ryzIE, tYlIivjLn aqy iewkTF ivc jf ky afpxI gfQf suxfAuNdI hY qF ik horF nUM rfh idKf sky[ ikqfb pVHidaF lUMa-kMZy KVHy ho gey[ aYnF jLulm koeI ikvyN kr lYNdf hY! aYnf jLulm koeI ikvyN sih lYNdf hY! pfT kridaF jLulm krn vfly `qy hrKL afieaf qy julm sihx vflI qy qrs[ iPr iKJ vI afeI ik ikEN Auh vfr-vfr Ausdy cuMgl `coN inkl ky vfps prq jFdI rhI[ Auh nvIN afs nfl Aus kol muV jFdI ik sLfied ies vfr Auh suDr jfvy[ ikqfb dy aKIr ivc ibrqFqkfr dy cfrF bwicaF vwloN kuJ sqrF idwqIaF geIaF hn[ puwqr, tonI dI iek sqr vfr-vfr Xfd afAuNdI hY[ Aus ny iliKaf hY: ijwQoN qwk mYnUM Xfd hY, myrf ipqf iewk cMgf ivakqI sI pr Auh dusLt vI sI, ijhVf bhuq sLrfb pINdf sI[ ies ikqfb ivwcoN Auh cMgf ivakqI gfieb hY[ lyKk Ausdy jLulmF df KulH ky vrnx krdI hY pr AusdI iksy vI aCfeI df ijLkr krn lwgI sLrmf jFdI hY[ ieh vI ho skdf hY ik aYny qsIihaF nUM JwlidaF Auh Aus bMdy df cMgf pfsf dyKx qoN asmrwQ ho geI hovy[ ikqfb lyKk jF Ausdy ‘afpixaF’ dIaF kmjLorIaF dI vI gwl nhIN krdI[ jy ieh ijLkr ho vI jFdf qF ihMsf iPr vI AunHIN hI inMdxXog huMdI, ijMnI hux hY pr ies nfl ikqfb ivc hor sMquln af jFdf aqy Aus afdmI dy vqIry nUM smJx ivc asfnI huMdI[ ikqfb dy mgrly ihwsy nUM pVHidaF ikqy ikqy iek Drm dy pRcfr dI Jlk peI[ ieh suBfivk vI ho skdf hY[ Aus Dfrimk asQfn dy lokF ny aOKy vyly lyKk dI bFh PVI qy Ausdy mnobl nUM AuWpr cuwikaf[ ieh ikqfb ihMsfgRsq aOrqF nUM ihMsk dy cuMgl `coN inklx leI pRyrdI hY[ (hrpRIq syKf)

pMjfbI bolI dI ivrfsq (lyKk zf: sfDU isMG)

‘pMjfbI bolI dI ivrfsq’ nF dI ikqfb swjrI hI CpI hY[ 285 siPLaF dI ieh ikqfb zf: sfDU isMG dI myhnq df nqIjf hY[ cyqnf pRkfsLn ny ies nUM Cfipaf hY[

ies ikqfb ivc pMjfbI bolI nfl sbMDq AunHF kuJ sLbdF aqy muhfviraF nUM sFiBaf igaf hY, ijhVy bol-cfl ivc qF vrqy jFdy hn pr Auh ilKqI rUp ivc nhIN imldy[

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ikqfb dy muZly lyK ‘pMjfbI bolI df sLbd BMzfr’ ivc lyKk pMjfbI bolI dI amIrI dI gwl kridaF ilKdf hY:

Audfhrx vjoN kwpiVaF dy rMgF dI gwl kridaF awj-kwlH krIm, kokf kolf, ipMk qy aOrYNj klrF df ijLkr afm suxn ivwc afAuNdf hY[ pr kI sfzI rMgF dI dunIaF eynI hI grIb hY ik ienHF df sDfrn ijLkr krn leI vI sfnUM aMgRyjLI vwl Jfkxf pvy? nhIN, ievyN qF kqeI nhIN hY[ sfzy kolL nIly, pIlLy, lfl, kflLy, icwty, hry ijhy buinafdI rMgF qoN ibnHF kysrI, kpfhI, srdeI, aMgUrI, aMbrI, kQeI, blMBrI, dflcInI, mUMgIaf, ikrmcI, qoqf-rMgI, aMzreI, iProjLI, bdfmI, ibskutI, lfjvrI, moqIaf, kwdU-moqIaf, vwz-moqIaf, ipafjLI, hvf-ipafjLI, asmfnI, mihMdI-rMgf, GuwgI rMgf, qrbUjLIaf,Kwtf, sunihrI, AUdf, gyrUaf, Bgvf, gulfnfrI, AunfbI, jfmxI, gulfbI, slytI, iGAu-kpUrI, kfsxI, jogIaf, aMbrsIaf, dfKI, KfkI, cFdI-vMnf qy sunihry rMgF dI bfq pfAux vfly bhuq sfry sLbd mOjUd hn[ rMgF dIaF hlkIaF, gUVHIaF qy siPafnIaF BfhF drsfAux vfly awzry sLbdF qoN ibnHF bhuq hI gUVHy rMgF df ijLkr krn leI lfl-sUhf, icwtf-sPYd qy pIlf-jLrd ijhy dohry sLbd-juwt hn[

rMgF dI hI gwl qurI hY qF iewQy ies gwl df ijLkr kr dyxf vI jLrUrI hY ik sfzI bolI ivwc bMidaF dy rMgF leI hor sLbd hn, vflLF leI hor qy zMgrF dy rMgF leI hor[ Audfhrx leI kxk-vMnF jF musLkI rMg kyvl aOrqF-mrdF df hI huMdf hY[ bMidaF df gorf rMg hor hY, zMgrF df hor, zMgrF dy sMdrB ivwc jd asIN bwgy, gory, pIlLy, sfvy psLU dI gwl krdy hF qF sfzI murfd asloN hI hor rMgF qoN huMdI hY[ mihrU qF kfly ho skdy hn pr iesy rMg dy goky lfKy huMdy hn[ lohI mwJ df rMg iksy hor vsqU dy rMg nfl myl nhIN KFdf[ bUry kyvl Joty-JotIaF hI huMdy hn qy BUsly kuwqy[ cIny kbUqr huMdy hn jF kuwkV, bdlLIaF iqwqr-KMBIaF vI huMdIaF hn[ kwkf rMg kyvl bMidaF dy vflLf df huMdf hY jF iPr kwkf huMdf hY blvMq gfrgI dy biTMzy vflf ryqf[ DOly isrPL bMidaF dy vfl huMdy hn hor pRfxIaF dy nhIN, eys qrHF hI awKF rMgF leI sfzy kolL awz sLbd hn[ rMg-vMngIaF nfl sbMDq aMgRyjLI ivwc aijhI iBMn-iBMn sLbdfvlI hoey, ies gwl bfry sLwk hY[ pr Pyr vI sfzy pVHy-ilKy pMjfbI bgfnI KurlI ivwc hI mUMh mfr ky KusL huMdy hn[

ies ikqfb ivc lyKk ny pMjfbI jIvn dy bhuq sfry pwKF nfl sMbMDq vsqF leI vrqy jFdy sLbdF dy arQ dsidaF, AuhnF vsqF dI pMjfbI siBafcfr ivwc QF bfry vI not drj kIqy hn[ ies sMbMD ivwc kuwJ AudfhrnF pysL hn:

Pulky: Pulky df afkfr rotI nfloN vzyrf huMdf hY[ Pulky qvI AuWpr pkfey jFdy hn... lMgrF, jwgF jF hor vzyry smfgmF dy avsr `qy ijwQy vDyry rsd dI lfgq hovy, afm qOr qy Pulky hI pkfey jFdy hn[

rot: QflI jF keI sUrqF ivc prfq ijwzI vwzI sfrI rotI nUM rot ikhf jFdf hY[ rot pfQIaF jF ghUVI dI awg ivwc pkfieaf jFdf hY... zMgrF dI qMdrusqI ihq kIqy tUxy jF iksy pIr PkIr dy mjLfr `qy suwKI suwK nUM Auqfrn leI rot pkf ky vMizaf jFdf hY[

cUrI: iGE qy imwTf pf ky hwQF dy poitaF nflL mlI hoeI rotI nUM cUrI ikhf jFdf hY[ ‘hIr vfirs’ ivwc ies df ijLkr afAux kfrn pMjfbI siBafcfr ivwc cUrI df ivsLysL sQfn hY[

goq-kunflf: dfl jF duwD afid ivwc kuwtI hoeI cUrI nUM goq-kunflf ikhf jFdf hY[ goq-kunflf sLbd dI vrqoN jLrf iqRskfr sUck arQF ivwc hI kIqI jFdI hY[

jMmx: jMmx Aus lwsI jF dhIN nUM ikhf jFdf hY, ijs nfl duwD nUM jfg lfieaf jfvy[ jMmx nUM jfg vI ikhf jFdf hY... keI vfr pyNzU BfeIcfry ivwc ieh gwl bVy mfn nfl khI jFdI hY ik keI pusLqF qoN jMmx sfzy Gr df hI cwilaf af irhf hY[ Gr df jMmx ies gwl df sUck huMdf hY ik sMbMiDq Gr ivwc koeI nf koeI lvyrf jLrUr irhf hY[ lvyry dI sdIvI hoNd nUM lihr bihr df icMn smiJaf jFdf hY[

sLbdF dy arQ dwsx dy nfl nfl AuhnF bfry kIqIaF ieh siBafcfrk itwpxIaF pfTk nUM pMjfbI siBafcfr bfry vwzmuwlI jfxkfrI pRdfn krdIaF hn[

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ikqfb pVH ky ijwQy pMjfbI bolI dI ivrfsq aqy smrwQf df aihsfs huMdf hY AuWQy ies gwl df vI aihsfs huMdf hY ik ikMnI vwzI igxqI ivwc pMjfbI dy sLbd sfzI rojLfnf bolcfl df ihwsf nhIN rhy[ jy iehnF sLbdF df koeI ilKqI irkfrz nf rwiKaf igaf qF afAux vfly bhuq QoVHy smyN ivwc ieh sLbd pMjfbI bolI dy sLbd BMzfr ivwcoN alop ho jfxgy[ aijhf hox nfl pMjfbI bolI nUM iek bhuq vwzf Gftf pvygf[

ikqfb ivwc sLbdF bfry iksy ieMzYks dI axhoNd bhuq KVkdI hY[ ies nfl ikqfb ivwc sLbdF nUM lwBxf bhuq musLikl bx jFdf hY[

ikqfb dy muwZly lyK ivwc lyKk pMjfbI bolI dI smrwQf bfry iswtf kwZidaF ilKdf hY:

iswty vjoN afiKaf jf skdf hY ik pMjfbI bolI dy sLbd BMzfr dI sImf nUM aYvyN aigafn vws hI nOlx dI QF jy ies dy klfsIkI ilKqI, lokXfnk qy mOiKk soimaF nUM pUry isdk qy isrV nfl gOilaf jfey qF ieh bolI kyvl gMBIr qy sUKm vfrqflfp dIaF loVF hI nhIN, sgoN aDuink ividwaf dy mfiDam dy qOr `qy vI afpxI smrwQf nUM Aujfgr krn ivwc pUrI qrHF kfrgfr iswD ho skdI hY[

asIN ies vwzmuwlI ikqfb nUM jIa afieaF afKdy hF aqy zf[ sfDU isMG horF dy ies AuWdm dI sLlfGf krdy hF[ (hrpRIq syKf)

myry afpxy (lyKk suKdyv iswDU)

duafbI dI cfhxI vfÜI TyT pMjfbI `c ilKI myry apxy ikqfb dI dunIaf dyKx ƒ bhuqI vwzI nhIN lgdI[ ieh pVHidaF mYƒ kuJ idn hI pihlF CpI sfieMsdfnF dI sfzy bRihmMz dI iKwcI postkfrz ijwzI qsvIr df cyqf afAuNdf irhf[ hr bMdy df apxf bRihmMz hY; sfieMsdfnF df hor[ dys duafby dy nkodr koÜ sqluwj dy byt dy ‘vlYqIaF dy ipMz’ AuWDovfÜ qy lfgly ipMzF df vÜ hI ies ikqfb df jugrfÌIaf hY[ ijvyN pfÈ apxI kivqf ƒ apxy ipMz dy duafÜy dy vIh mIlF dy Gyry dI kivqf dsdf hY, EvyN suKdyv iswDU dI ikqfb myry apxy iehdy ipMz duafÜy dy vIh mIlF dy ipMzF dy iehdy apixaF dI vfrqf hY[ kruxf (sihanUBUqI-hmdrdI) hI AuWcI-suwcI klf df gux huMdf hY[ ieh gux ies ilKq `c sfkfr hY[ ies ivc mOjUd hr jIa jnOr Bgq kfÜf kuwqf, ihrn, mor qy hor qF hor bdmfÈ vI pfTk ƒ apxy-apxy lgdy hn[ ies ivc soc qy Bfvnf ieksur hY[ Bfvnf bfhr nhIN zuwlHdI iPrdI[ Bfvuk sMjm ajoky pMjfbI sfihq ivc durlwB hY[

ieh nkodr lfgly byt dI awDI sdI dI vfrqf hY[ ieh ikqfb bIq gey vyly df mrsIaF nhIN, Auhdf jÈn hY[ ieh QF myrI dyKI hoeI hY qy lok vI[ eys leI vI mYN ieh ikqfb cfa nfÜ pVHI qy ieh mYƒ DUh pfAuNdI hY[

sMqfÜI qoN pihlF pMjfbI sfihq ivc poTohfr dI awkfsI huMdI rhI[ Pyr guridwq isMG dI ikqfb myrf ipMz Cpx mgroN mflvf dys dI[ duafby dI AuWqm awkfsI mihMdr isMG rMDfvy ny afpbIqI (nvXug 1985) ivc kIqI sI[ sfDU isMG DfmI dIaF aMgryËI ilKqF ivc vI huiÈafrpurI Jlkfry hn[ prmjIq Jwj dI aMgryËI `c ilKI ikqfb df kucwjI pMjfbI `c kIqf anuvfd ipwCy ijhy Cipaf sI[ jlMDr vfÜy pfsy dI ksr hux suKdyv iswDU ny pUrI kr idwqI hY[

prvfs qy sMn sMqfÜI vIhvIN sdI dy pMjfb dy mhfn duKFq hn[ prvfs dy bVy lokgIq imÜdy hn, ijnHF ivc aOrq Gr df dilwdr Dox prdysIN kmfeI krn gey apxy afdmI ƒ dMmF df loBI afK ky afrF lfAuNdI hY[ koeI gIq nhIN dsdf ik Aus afdmI ’qy iksy dy puwq iksy dy pqI qy iksy dy ipAu ’qy kI bIqdI hoAUgI[ qfieaf srdfrf isMG ilKq ivc idl psIjx vfÜf ibafn hY:

vqn


ivCVn lwgy myry bfp ny mYƒ ipafr idwqf qy ikhf: Gr df cyqf nf BuwlIN[qfey ny myrI jwPI BrI; awzIaF cuwk ky myry brobr hoieaf[ mYN rqf ku inivaF[ iehny myrf mwQf cuMimaf[ jwPI ks leI[ isr ’qy ipafr idwqf[ Pyr mUMh prHF ƒ kr ilaf[ ikhf kuC nhIN[ mYN pihlI vfr qfieaf roNdf dyiKaf, Auh vI luk ky[ (sÌf 40)

lyKk df jnm qF sMqfÜI mgroN df hY, pr bfr coN AuWjV ky afey apxy GridaF qoN inq sux-sux ky iliKaf dUxI dy phfVy vFg Xfd kIqf ibrqFq ËbfnI qvfrIÉdfnI df Krf nmUnf hY[ ienHF dy ipMz dI muslmfn dfeI sMqfÜI vyly ipMz hI itkI rhI qy brkqy qoN hrnfm kOr ho geI qy sfrI Aumr apxf krm inBfeI geI[ Auhdy bfry ilKq df afiÉrI vfk hY: jy sfzI mF brkqy pfiksqfn cly jFdI, qF sfƒ hrnfm kOr ikwQoN lwBxI sI[ (sÌf 80)

sMqflI pihlF sfry pMjfbI pwg bMnHdy huMdy sI[ ipClI sdI dy ÈurU ivc prdysI hoey iswKF ny apxI pwg apxy kys apxy hwQIN lfh idwqy[ srfBy vfÜy krqfr isMG dI boidaF vfÜI amrIkf `c iKwcI qsvIr ƒ ÊdrI-ikrqI bfibaF aYvyN nhIN sI pwg bMnH idwqI[ kys kql krvfAux df tuMbvF ibafn sfDU isMG DfmI dy nfvl mlUky `c hY[ blvMq gfrgI ny ies duwK df ibafn ijvyN apxI khfxI Jwg c kIqf sI, EvyN koeI iswK ilKfrI nhIN kr sikaf[ ‘mony iswKF’ ‘rumfl vfÜy iswKF’ dI nvIN Ìsl prdysF dI hI pYdfvfr hY[ sMn pMjfhF qoN bfad Bgq isMG dI rIsy pMjfb c kys ktfAux qy isgtF pIx df nvF ÌYÈn kimAuinstF `c afm sI qy nfsiqkqf aYvyN vfDU dI[ mYN afp kys kql krvfAux ipwCoN keI sflF bfad kivqf kys ilKI qy muV ky kys rK ley[ sMn 1899 ivc amrIkf `c jf ky vsy pihly pMjfbI sur isMG ipMz dy bÉÈIÈ isMG iZwloN dI pVdohqI qy rUs do vfrI gey ÊdrI buwD isMG dI BYx dI dohqI aYirkf sUrq aYNzrsn* ny hux jf ky iÌlm trbnË bxfeI hY, ijs ivc kys lhfAuNdy iswK muMzy df sIn hY qy iehdf bhuqy iswKF ny burf qF mnfAuxf hI sI[ hux qF pMjfb ivc vI iswK twbrF dy pwg vfÜy ivrly nOjvfn nËr afAuNdy hn[ suKdyv iswDU ny kql kys ilKq ivc apxI hwzbIqI ilKI hY ik iehdy GridaF ’qy kI bIqI; pr apxy mn dI gwl dwsxoN jk igaf[

nfnkf myÜ ryl gwzI (sÌf 97) `c suKdyv ny nkodr-jlMDr rsqy jmÈyr koÜ apxy nfnkIN jfx dI svfdlI Xfqrf ilKI hY[ ieh qF gfhy-bgfhy nfnkIN jFdf hoxf, mYN iqMn sfl hr roË nkodroN jlMDr ryk gwzI c kOilj dI pVHfeI krn jFdf irhf[ hux qF nkodr keI kOilj KuwlHy hoey hn, myry vyly iek vI nf sI[ rsqy dy sfry tyÈx – ÈMkr, QfbÜky, jmÈyr qy lfielpur Éflsf kOilj hflt – dunIaf dy suhxy qoN suhxy tyÈxF qoN vD ky hn[ mYN ies sÌr bfbq ryl gwzI kivqf ilKI hY: eynI lMbI gwzI mYN hor ikqy nhIN dyKI/ eynI lMbI ijMnf nkodroN jlMDr/ ieh gwzI rukdI nhIN kdy/ phIey GuMmdy Esy QF afAuNdy rihMdy hn[ (CMnf[ nvXug 1998)[

pMjfbI Drfql (lYNzskyp) dy kudrq dI rux-Jux dy gurbfxI ivc qF ikDry-ikDry drÈn huMdy hn; pr ajoky sfihq, icqRklf ivc ieh durlB hY[ aiDafqm qoN ibnF vI suMdrqf dI vizafeI huMdI hY[ BfeI vIr isMG dI kivqf ikwkr df ruwK, pUrn isMG dI ikqfb KuwlHy mYdfn, lflf DnI rfm cfiqRk dI Èfhpur kMZI vfÜI kivqf pyNzU jIvn qy bfrFmfh aqy sMqoK isMG DIr dI kivqf inwkI slytI sVk df totf pMjfbI lYNzskyp dI ivwkoilqrIaF imsflF hn[ myry apxy df lyKk ieh kMm nsr ivc acyq kr igaf lgdf hY[ suhxI imsfl:

sAux BfdoN dy idnIN mINh pYxy qy Jwl c cihl-pihl ho jfxI[ ryq dy itwby vI hiraflI nfÜ cihkxy[ slvfV kfhI dy bUJy vD jfxy[ BwKVf vI hrf-Brf ho jfxf[ awk PMBVy hoxy[ KwbÜ Gfh jF duwb ho jfxI qy KuMbF Aug afAuxIaf[ quMimaF dIaF vylF vD jfxIaF[ gyNdF vfgUM irVHdy iPrny[ ivc ivc psUaF ny Kf vI lYxy[ (sÌf 48)

ilKfrI dI ieh iÈkfieq hY ik ienHF dy ipMz dy ÊdrI rÜf isMG dI ikqy Xfdgfr nhIN bxI; Auhƒ koeI Xfd nhIN krdf[ eynf hI bhuq hI nhIN ik rÜf isMG dy ipMz dy muMzy ny bfby ƒ mn ivc vsf ky qyhu nfÜ ieh lyK iliKaf hY[ Èbd-ismrqI iksy vI pwQr dy buwq nfÜoN vD ky hY[ sfzy sfihq c Blf ikMny ku XfdgfrI Èbd-icqR hn? BUaf cMno, vwzf sfDU soNh qy qfieaf srdfrf isMG aYsIaF XfdgfrI ilKqF c igxIaF jfieaf krngIaF[ sfDF df ByV ijvyN ajoky pUrbI pMjfb dI isafsq dI iÌlm bxI peI hY[

ieho ijhIaF suwcIaF ikqfbF inq nhIN ilK huMdIaF qy nf hI CpdIaF hn[ pMjfbI pRkfÈk apxy hwQ afey kMpIAUtrF nfÜ klfkfrIaF krno nhIN tÜdy[ awj dy sfzy sB qoN mihMgy icqyry isDfrQ dI ies ikqfb vfsqy AucycI bxfeI qsvIr nfÜ pRkfÈk ny aYsIaF klfkfrIaF kIqIaF ik srvrk dy icqR dy Qwly inwkf-inwkf iliKaf sÉI icqRkfr df nF hI nhIN piVHaf jFdf[ (amrjIq cMdn)

vqn


kfPLly vwloN dmn, gurBjn igwl, aqy qyjvMq igwl nflL bYTk QIeytr hI smfijk jfigRqI pYdf kr skdf: dmn

trFto:- (kulivMdr Kihrf) ‘pMjfbI klmF df kfPLlf trFto’ vwloN 14 agsq nUM ‘sMq isMG syKoN hfl’ ivwc iewk ivsLysL imlxI dOrfn nftkkfr divMdr dmn, gurBjn igwl, aqy aflock zf: qyjvMq igwl nflL gwlbfq kIqI geI ijs dOrfn rMg-mMc aqy sfihq dy afpsI sbMD, rMg-mMc dI sImf, aqy sMq isMG syKoN dI lyKxI bfry crcf hoeI[ AuWGy khfxIkfr, zf: virafm sMDU hurF dI pRDfngI hyT ies ivsLysL imlxI dI sLurUafq AuntYrIE pMjfbI QIeytr dy moZI, nfmvr aYktr-zfierYktr, aqy divMdr dmn dy lMby smyN qoN sihXogI jspfl iZwloN hurF vloN dmn hurF dI BrpUr jfx-pCfx nfl hoeI[ AuprMq nftk aqy sfihq dy afpsI sbMD bfry bolidaF divMdr dmn hurF ikhf ik nftk asl ivwc idRsL sfihq hY[ AunHF dy ivcfr anusfr sfihq dI sLurUafq hI nftk qoN hoeI hovygI ikAuNik jdoN BfsLf dI axhoNd ivwc lok iewk-dUsry nUM afpxI gwl smJfAuNdy hoxgy qF jLrUr adfkfrI rfhIN hI smJfAuNdy hoxgy[ AunHF ikhf ik awj vI nftk isrjxf leI bhuq sfry sfihq (khfxI, kivqf, nfvl, afid) dI loV pYNdI hY aqy adfkfrI leI klfkfr iPr sLbdF qoN adfvF vwl prqdf hY[ AunHF ikhf ik jy inrdysLk ny sfihq nhIN piVHaf hovygf qF Auh skirpt df shI anuvfd nhIN kr skygf aqy jy adfkfr ny sfihq nhIN piVHaf hovygf qF Auh ikrdfr nUM shI rUp ivwc inBfAux ivwc kfmXfb nhIN hovygf[ AunHF df kihxf sI ik hr ivakqI ijLMdgI dy vwK vwK qjLribaF nUM hMZf nhIN skdf pr AunHF dy anuBv nUM sfihq ivwcoN hfisl kr skdf hY jo Aus vwloN iksy ikrdfr dy vrqfry nUM smJx ivwc shfeI ho skdf hY[ imsfl idMidaF AunHF ikhf ik hr cor-Aucwkf jF hr sLrfbI iewko ijhf nhIN ho skdf ijs krky ienHF dy ikrdfr nUM inBfAux leI suBfvF df vKryvF bhuq jLrUrI hovygf aqy ies vKryvyN df anuBv sfihq pVH ky hI hfisl kIqf jf skdf hY[ AunHF dy kihx anusfr, “jdoN qwk adfkfr aMdr sfihq jjLb nhIN ho jFdf AudoN qwk Auh ikrdfr nflL iensfPL hI nhIN kr skdf[” qrlocn isMG igwl vwloN ieh puwCy jfx `qy ik styj `qy lVfeI jF smuMdr dy idRsL nUM ikvyN inBfieaf jf skdf hY, dy jvfb ivwc dmn hurF ikhf ik adfkfr df kMm sLbdF aqy adfvF rfhIN axidwsdy nUM ivKfAuxf aqy drsLk nUM Aus df anuBv krvfAuxf huMdf hY[ jdoN adfkfr styj `qy af ky iksy axidwsdI cIjL df klfqimk vrnx krdf hY qF drsLk Aus dy sLbdF `coN Aus cIjL df anuBv hfisl krdf hY[ AunHF ikhf ik nftk sosLl jfigRqI pYdf krn leI sB qoN kfrgr qrIkf hY, iesy krky hI ies nUM dbfieaf jf irhf hY jdik rUs ny hmysLF hI nftk nUM AuqsLfihq kIqf hY[ ‘pMjfbI sfihq akYzmI’ dy pRDfn gurBjn igwl ny, sfihq akfdmI bfry sMKyp jfxkfrI idwqI[ divMdr dmn hurF dy sMboDn bfry bolidaF AuhnF ikhf ik 1910 `c nOrf ircrz vwloN Kyzy gey pMjfbI dy pihly nftk dI bdOlq hI pMjfbI nftk ny nMdf qoN lY ky pflI BuipMdr qwk df sPLr kIqf hY[ sfihq akYzmI dy pRDfn dI hYsIaq ivwc AunHF ikhf ik sfzy leI ieh

vqn


aPLsos dI gwl hY ik jo sfihqkfr sfrI Aumr afpxf isr nIvF nhIN hox idMdy aqy afpxI sfrI ijLMdgI sfihq dy lyKy lf jFdy hn Auh afpxI Aumr dy afKrI idnF ivwc lfcfr ho ky rih jFdy hn aqy asIN vI AunHF dI mdd dI AunHF hI srkfrF qoN afs krn lwg pYNdy hF ijnHF iKlfP lVidaF lyKkF ny ijLMdgI lMGfeI huMdI hY[ AunHF ikhf ik sfnUM aijhf Auprflf krnf cfhIdf hY ik asIN loVvMd lyKkF dI sFB-sMBflL leI bImy krvf skIey jo ik bhuq hI Gwt rkm nflL ho skdy hn[ AunHF ny BfsLf nUM ivhfr qoN vkfr dI BfsLf bxfAux vwl vI jLor idwqf qF jo BfsLf nUM mrnoN bcfieaf jf sky[ guru nfnk dyv XUnIvristI ivwc aMgRyjLI pVHfAuNdy rhy pMjfbI aflock zf: qyjvMq igwl hurF ny ikhf ik awj dy Xug ivwc afpxI pCfx kfiem rwKx leI sfihq aqy BfsLf bhuq mhwqvpUrn hn[ AunHF ikhf ik sfihq aijhf hoxf cfhIdf hY jo smyN dy jIvn nUM AuWqrdfiek huMdf hoieaf BivwK dI sUJ pysL kry[ AunHF ikhf ik BfvyN acyq rUp ivwc BfeI vIr isMG, pUrn isMG, aqy DnI rfm cfiqRk dI rcnf ivwcoN vI pRqIkRm ivKfeI idMdf sI pr sucyq rUp ivwc ies dI sLurUafq 1930 qoN sMq isMG syKoN dI agvfeI ivwc hoeI ijs nUM aMimRqf pRIqm aqy pRo: mohn isMG ny awgy qoiraf[ AunHF ikhf ik sMq isMG syKoN ny ies gwl `qy jLor idwqf ik sfnUM purfxf sfihq ikvyN pVHnf cfhIdf hY aqy Aus ivwcoN kI gRihx krky afpxI sfihq rcnf leI vrqxf cfhIdf hY aqy iks nUM axgOlxf cfhIdf hY[ AunHF ikhf ik syKoN hurF ny hmysLF hr rcnf `coN aijhf aMsL vyKx dI koisLsL kIqI jo sfzI soc nUM AuBfr sky[ zf: igwl hurF ikhf ik BfvyN iksy vI sMsQf vwloN syKoN dy nF `qy koeI cyar jF ienfm dI sQfpnf nhIN kIqI geI pr jo sQfn AunHF ny pMjfbI sfihq ivwc pRfpq kIqf hY Auh AunHF qoN pihly iksy sfihqkfr nUM hfisl nhIN hoieaf[ ajokI aflocnf bfry kuljIq mfn vwloN puwCy gey svfl dy jvfb ivwc zf: igwl ny ikhf ik aflocnf df sfihq ivcly mUlL muwidaF nflLoN tuwtx df srokfr koeI 25-30 sfl pihlF zf: hirBjn isMG rfhIN sLurU hoieaf[ AunHF ikhf ik awj dy mMzIkrn ivwc ieh ruJfn eynf vD igaf hY ik rfqo-rfq iewko hI ikqfb arsLoN PLrsL qwk df sPLr kr jFdI hY, Bfv jo ikqfb iewk idn pihlF asmfnI cfVHI geI huMdI hY agly idn AuhI ikqfb pUrI qrHF rwd vI kr idwqI jFdI hY[ mIitMg ivwc sLfiml AuntfrIE dI mOjUdf srkfr dy mYNbr zf: kuldIp kulfr ny smuwcy lyKkF bfry ikhf ik jdoN vI Auh koeI hMBlLf mfrdy hn qF Jwt srkfrF dy mUMh vwl Jfkx lwg pYNdy hn ik srkfr AunHF dI mdd kry[ AunHF ikhf ik srkfrF lokF kolLoN tYks dy rUp ivwc pYsy lYNdIaF hn aqy afpxIaF prfeIaOirtIjL (pihl) sYWt krdIaF hn pr nftk ajy eynf vDIaf nhIN bx sikaf ik ies nUM prfeIaOirtI idwqI jf sky[ AunHF slfh idwqI ik rlL ky hMBlLf mfrdy rho, jdoN kdy pYrfzfiem (ivcfrDfrk) isLPt afeI qF jLrUr kfmXfbI imlLygI[ ies dy jvfb ivwc kulivMdr Kihrf ny ikhf ik srkfr dIaF njLrF ivwc asIN qd hI “vDIaf” ho skFgy jy afpxI jLmIr nUM mfr ky srkfr dI bolI bolx lwg jfvFgy[ Aus ny ikhf ik iewk swcy lyKk df Drm lokF dy hwkF dI afvfjL bxnf hY aqy jy lok-hwkF dI gwl kridaF koeI srkfr sfzI mflI mdd nhIN krdI qF sfnUM ies gwl dI pRvfh nhIN hoxI cfhIdI sgoN ies gwl df mfx hoxf cfhIdf hY ik sfzy leI srkfrI gRFtF nflLoN lok-hwkF leI jUJxf vwD mhwqqf rwKdf hY[ afpxy pRDfngI sMboDn dOrfn zf: virafm sMDU hurF ny apxy ivsLysL aMdfjL ivwc smuwcy smfgm bfry kuMjIvq ivcfr pysL kIqy[ AuhnF ny divMdr dmn vloN rMgmMc aqy sfihq bfry pysL kIqy gey ivcfrF dI BrpUr pRoVqf kridaF aYsI imafrI gwlbfq df mOkf pYdf krn leI kfPLly nUM vDfeI idwqI aqy ikhf ik ieh mIitMg klfqimk soc aqy iPkr dy pwDr nUM bhupwKI sUJ nfl amIr krn vflI hY[ gurBjn igwl vloN ‘sbd siBafcfr’ dy pRsMg `c pysL kIqy ivcfrF aqy Aus dI sQfpqI leI suJfey ‘sfihq akYzmI’ dy XqnF dI sLlfGf kridaF AuhnF ny mIitMg ‘c hfjLr lyKkF, klfkfrF aqy buwDIjIvIaF nUM aYsy AuprfilaF ivwc BrpUr Xogdfn pfAux dI apIl kIqI[ zf: qyjvMq igwl dy ivcfrF bfry bolidaF zf: sMDU ny sMq isMG syKoN dIaF keI cricq rcnfvF `coN hvfly dy ky ikhf ik sMq isMG syKoN pMjfbI df aijhf ivdvfn sI jo afpxy ivcfrF nflL quhfzy mn aMdr bOiDk ilsLk dy cMigafVy pYdf krdf sI[ sMq isMG syKoN dI pMjfbI sfihq aqy aflocnf nUM buwDImfn lyKk vjoN idwqI dyx df ijLkr kridaF AuhnF ikhf ik syKoN ny afpxy nftkF ivc ieiqhfs qy imiQhfs nUM punr isrijq kridaF jIvn nUM nvyN qy vwKry rMgF qy konF qoN vyKx dI iprq pfeI[ AunHF ikhf ik inwjI pwDr qy vI syKoN dI sKsLIaq aijhI sI ik ijwQy Auh jFdy sn iekwT `c KyVf af jFdf sI aqy AuhnF dI sMgq krn vfly Auhnf dy bOiDk inwG dy nfl nfl AuhnF dI KUbsUrq sLKsIaq dy inwG nUM vI mfxdy sn[ syKoN hurF dI pRgqIsLIl ivcfrDfrf nfl pRqIbwDqf df ijLkr kridaF AuhnF ikhf ik syKoN ny isrPL iliKaf hI nhIN sgoN hr agFhvDU GolL `c afgU df rol vI inBfieaf[ zf: virafm isMG sMDU hurF ny ijwQy iqMnF bulfiraF dy khy qy kIqy nUM slfihaf EQy sMvfd ivc AuWTy nukiqaF `qy crcf kridaF ikhf ik klf aqy sfihq df Kfsf qy KLmIr sdf sQfpqI ivroDI hox krky iehnF nUM pRoqsfhn dyxf kdI vI srkfrF dI pihl nhIN huMdI[ AuNkfrpRIq dI sMcflnf hyT hoeI ies BfvpUrq mIitMg ivwc koeI 50 dy krIb sfihq pRymIaF, klfkfrF, lyKkF aqy buwDIjIvIaF ny ihwsf ilaf ijs dOrfn jgmohn syKoN vwloN kfPLly dI lfiebryrI vfsqy sMq isMG syKoN dIaF ikqfbF df sYWt ByNt kIqf igaf aqy pRIqm DMjl vwloN afpxIaF nvIaF afeIaF ielYktROink ikqfbF (`nHyrf aqy kpn) zf: igwl aqy divMdr dmn nUM ByNt kIqIaF geIaF[ cfh-pfxI dI syvf jgmohn syKoN aqy Aus dy stfPL vwloN kIqI geI[

vqn


pRqIkrm hrkMvljIq sfihl

... ajmyr rozy jI df prmfxU ibjlI lyK bfry ikMqU-pRMqU ‘PflqU’ hI lwigaf[ suKvMq dI ilKq dI sLYlI aijhI hY ik Auh qwQ iekwTy krky pfTk dy sfhmxy rwK idMdf hY qy afp iek pfsy ho jFdf hY[ myry anuBv anusfr ieh ijLafdf pRBfvsLflI sLYlI hY[ pfTk ajLfd hY mMnx jF nf mMnx nUM - qy aksr mMn ky ieh mihsUs krdf hY ik ajy kuwJ qwQ hor vI hoxgy jo ies mMnx vflI gwl dI pRoVqf krdy hoxgy[ ijhVI qknflOjI aiq-mihMgI hox qoN ielfvf hjLfrf lwKF lokF dI ishq nUM Kqrf phuMcfAux dI smrwQf rwKdI hY (ienjrs tU hYWlQ hY), - aYtm bMb dy pCV-pRBfvF vFg bhuq hI Kqrnfk hY - Auh AUrjf pYdf krn df ‘sB qoN vDIaf’ aqy ‘svwC AUrjf vflf’ ZMg ikvyN ho skdI hY[ (cOQf pYrHf) afp ilKdy hn ik ies pRmfxU AUrjf ipwCy ivigafnIaF dI jigafsf vI hY - kI hux qwk dI AupjI, AupjfeI geI AUrjf ny ivigafnIaF dI jigafsf pUrI nhIN kIqI-! aYtm bMbF dI vrqoN nUM jigafsf pUrqI ikhf jfvy!! ivigafnI aksr vwzIaF kfrporysLnF dIaF Koj-lYbF `c kMm krdy iewk qrHF nfl kfrporysLnF dy Pfiedy dIaF gwlF/KojF krdy hn[ keI smuwcI mfnvqf nUM PfiedymMd hox vflIaF KojF dwb/Guwt/ijMdfbMd jF izstrOey kr idwqIaF jFdIaF hn ijhnF qoN kfrporysLnF nUM Gftf pY skdf hY[ ies ZMg nfl ‘ivky hoey’ ivigafnI koeI muihMmF nhIN ivwZdy huMdy blik cuwp rih ky ‘mflkF’ dy ihwq ivwc Bugqdy hn[ prmfxU hiQafrF dy iKlfP vI ivigafnIaF dI koeI ‘muihMm’ nhIN - hF iewkf-duwkf ivroD krn vfly jLrUr hoey hn pr inrasr[ prmfxU hiQafrF bfry gwl nUM srkfrF (kfrporysLnF) dysL dy ihq nfl joV ky hr ivroDI avfjL nUM byavfjL kr idMidaF rhIaF hn[ ajmyr hurF somflIaf dy dysLBgq “zfkUaF’ bfry TIk iliKaf hY[ mIzIaf qF Auh hI gwl dwsygf jo kfrporyt dunIaF dy hwk `c jFdI hY[ ajmyr rozy jI df nftk ‘suwcy hwQ’ qIsrI iDr drsfAuNdf qF hY pr AuBrvyN rUp `c nhIN[ afm drsLkF nUM ieh qIsrf hwQ sfP njLrI afAuNdf hY jF nhIN ieh qF nftk dy mMcx qoN hI pqf lwg skdf hY[ ‘qF ik snd rhy’ ivwc suirMdr DMjl vwloN sMq rfm AudfsI aqy pfs bfry ley gey spsLt stYNz slfhuxXog hn[ ijvyN sLhId Bgq isMG nUM vI ‘styt’ apxfa ky `qy AuhdIaF PotoaF kfrF dy sLIisLaF `qy lgvfky nfl ‘jwt-sUrmy’ ilKvfky Aus df iemyj ivgfVn dIaF islislybD koisLsSF kr rhI hY (hor vI bhuq kuwJ kIqf jf irhf hY) - kwlH pfsL `qy AudfsI ijhy pRiqBfvfn lokF dy sLfierF nfl vI ieMJ hoeygf[ ieh koeI hYrfnI vflI gwl nhIN[ pr AuhnF dIaF ilKqF (sLhId Bgq isMG dIaF vI) AuhnF nUM sjIvq rwKxgIaF[ afm lokF nUM ‘buwDU’ bxfAux `c sQfpq mIzIey dy blbUqy ieh lok QoVHy icr leI ‘kfmXfb’ ho vI jFdy hn - aqy iKafl rhy, AuhnF df insLfnf vI ‘afm lok’ hI huMdy hn[ rfijMdr rfhI sfihb nUM mYN kdy imilaf nhIN - pr AuhnF dI suirMdr DMjl bfry aijhI sLbdfvflI ‘Pukrf, pfVf, ssqI sLuhrq cfhuMdf, PokI crcf... QF QF rUbrU krfAux vflf’ afid afid pVHky cMgf nhIN lwgf[ hr koeI afpxI gwl kih skdf hY- alwg ivcfr rwK skdf hY - pr siqkfr dI nYiqkqf `c rihMidaF hoeIaF hI gwl krnI cfhIdI hY[ suirMdr hurF dI pMjfbI sfihq `c iek ijLkrXog aqy siqkfrq QF hY[ AukFrpRIq dIaF njLmF pRBfivq krdIaF hn[ zf: hrI sLrmf bfry lyK jfxkfrI BrpUr - awCf lwgf[ !

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qrksLIl siBafcfrk smfgm

akqUbr 2010 ivwc kYnyzf dy vwK vwK sLihrF ivwc krvfey jf rhy qrksLIl siBafcfrk pRogrfmF df vyrvf ies pRkfr hY:

srI: sinwcrvfr, 9 akqUbr, 2010 (bYWl prPfrimMg afrt sYNtr) kYlgrI: sinwcrvfr, 16 akqUbr, 2010 ivnIpYWg: aYqvfr, 17 akqUbr, 2010 aYbtsPorz: aYqvfr, 24 akqUbr, 2010 (aYbI afrt sYNtr)

iehnF pRogrfmF ivwc lok klf mMc mMzI muwlFpur dy inrdysLk hrkysL cODrI aqy sih inrdysLk suirMdr sLrmf dI inrdysLnf hyT sQfnk klfkfrF vwloN iqafr kIqy nftk “bfl Bgvfn” aqy “JwlI ikwQy jfvy” qoN ielfvf gIq sMgIq aqy jfdU dy tirwk vI pysL kIqy jfxgy[ hor jfxkfrI leI avqfr igwl nfl 604-728-7011 qy sMprk kIqf jf skdf hY[

vqn


iPlm rIvIAU

istI afP golz

zfierYktr: mhysL mMjyrkr

iPlm ‘istI afP golz’ muMbeI dI iek kwpVf imwl ivwc 1980ivaF sLurU hoeI aqy hux qwk jfrI hVqfl `qy afDfirq bxfeI geI hY[ ieh iPlm ivsLvIkrn dy Aus pwK AuWpr rOsLnI pfAuNdI hY ijs ivwc imwl mflk nUM afpxI imwl nUM cldf rwKx dI bjfey Aus nUM bMd krn ivwc ijLafdf idlcspI hY[ ijs jLmIn AuWpr Auh imwl KVI hY, Aus jLmIn dI nvIaF mflF, apfrtmYNt iblizMgF, PfeIv stfr hotlF dI AusfrI leI loV hY aqy imwl mflk ies jLmIn nUM mUMh mMgI kImq AuWqy vyc ky byhwd munfPf kmf skdf hY[ nqIjy vjoN Auh imwl nUM Gfty ivwc jFdI idKf ky Aus nUM bMd krn dI koisLsL ivwc hY[

dUsry pfsy imwl ivwc keI keI dhfikaF qoN kMm kr rhy mjLdUrF leI ieh imwl rotI rojLI df sfDn hY[ AuhnF nUM pqf hY ik imwl dI bMdI kfrn jy AuhnF dI nOkrI Kqm ho geI qF AuhnF nUM ikqy hor nOkrI nhIN imlygI ikAuNik AuhnF ny afpxI sfrI ijLMdgI imwl dy kMm ivwc lf idwqI hY aqy AuhnF nUM koeI hor kMm nhIN afAuNdf[ ies dy nfl hI Auh ieh vI mihsUs krdy hn ik AuhnF ny ijs imwl nUM bxfAux ivwc afpxI ijLMdgI df vwzf ihwsf KUn psInf vhfieaf hY, Aus imwl nUM bMd krn jF cldf rwKx df PYslf krn ivwc AuhnF dI koeI suxvfeI nhIN[ nqIjy vwjoN Auh hVqfl AuWpr cly jFdy hn[

iek lMmI hVqfl mjLdUrF aqy AuhnF dy pirvfrf dI ijLMdgI AuWpr iks qrHF df asr pfAuNdI hY, ies pwK nUM iPlm ivwc bhuq ivsQfr nfl idKfieaf igaf hY[ hVqfl kfrn byrujLgfr hoey mjLdUrF aqy AuhnF dy pirvfrF nUM ijLMdf rihx leI bhuq kuJ rfhIN gujLrnf pYNdf hY[ hflq iewQoN qwk phuMc jFdy hn ik GrF nUM cldy rwKx leI mjLdUr GrF dIaF aOrqF nUM afpxy ijsm vycxy pYNdy hn[ skUlF ivwc bwicaF dI PIsF nf idwqIaF jfx krky AuhnF dy bwicaF nUM skUlF ivwc kwZ idwqf jFdf hY aqy skUlF qoN kwZy gey ieh bwcy hOlI hOlI aprfD jgq ivwc dfKl ho jFdy hn[ iehnF bwicaF/nOjvfnF kol afpxI inrfsLf aqy guwsy dy pRgtfa leI jo ieko iek sfDn bwcdf hY Auh hY ihMsf[ pr ies ihMsf dI koeI idsLf nhIN[ nqIjy vjoN ijwQy bfhrly lok ies ihMsf df isLkfr bxdy hn AuWQy afpxy vI ies ihMsf dI mfr qoN bwc nhIN skdy[

bysLwk XUnIan lIzr gwlF gwlF ivwc qF lVfeI dy vwzy vwzy dfavy krdy hn pr aslIaq ivwc ieh idKfeI idMdf hY ik imwl mflkF nfl lVn leI AuhnF kol nf hI koeI qfkq hY aqy nf hI koeI idRsLtI[ XUnIanF dI aijhI hflq ikAuN hY, ies bfry iPlm ivwc bhuq Gwt gwl kIqI geI hY[ aMq ivwc mjLdUrF df XUnIan qoN ivsLvfs AuWT jFdf hY aqy Auh mflkF qoN jo vI imldf hY Aus nfl smJOqf kr lYNdy hn[

‘istI afP golz’ cmkdIaF mflF aqy jgmgfAuNdy PfeIv stfr hotlF dI AusfrI hyT luky Aus “iGxfAuxy swc” nUM bhuq vDIaf ZMg nfl pysL krdI ijhVf swc 1980ivaF ivwc muMbeI ivwc imwlF bMd hox kfrn byrujLgfr hoey mjLdUrF dIaF brbfd hoeIaF ijLMdgIaF nfl sMbMDq hY ies leI ieh iPlm dyKx aqy ivcfrnXog hY[ (suKvMq huMdl)

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Watan July-September-10. F doc · vqn julfeI- sqMbr 2010 - 2 sMprk suKvMq huMdl [email protected] 604-595-5767 sfDUibinMg [email protected] 604-437-9014