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Watching the Watchdog 2.0 See Hua Daily Section 1: Coverage of Political Parties and Coalitions

1.1 Volume of Coverage of Parties & Coalitions Figure 1: Volume of Coverage of Political Parties & Coalitions

• BN received the most coverage (24.05%), followed by Warisan (11.71%) and DAP (9.52%).

24.0511.71

9.528.03

5.595.50

5.173.153.10

2.982.402.36

2.241.78

1.450.58

0.460.370.290.290.210.210.120.080.000.000.000.000.00

0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00

BN

DAP

UMNO

PBS

SAPP

STAR

MCA

PAS

PPBM

PCM

PRS

MIC

IKATAN

PDP

PSM

2

Figure 2: Volume of Coverage of Political Parties & Coalitions: Government vs. Opposition vs. Independent/Other

• Once parties/coalitions’ coverage volumes are combined, BN received the highest

level of coverage (52.06%), followed by PH (43.17%) and GS (1.73%). 1.2 Tone of Coverage of Political Parties & Coalitions Figure 3: Raw Tonal Coverage Volume of Political Parties & Coalitions

• The Neutral tone was used the most (48%), followed by Positive (29%) and Negative

(21%).

52.06

43.17

3.04

1.73

0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00

BN

PH

Independent

GS

Positive29%

Negative21%

Neutral48%

Attacked2%

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Figure 4.1: Attacked Political Party & Coalition Coverage

• Warisan received the most Attacked coverage (24.62%), followed by DAP (16.92%) and BN (15.38%).

24.62

16.92

15.38

10.77

10.77

9.23

6.15

3.08

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00

Warisan

DAP

BN

PH

LDP

UMNO

AMANAH

PKR

Gagasan Sejahtera

Gerakan

IKATAN

MCA

MIC

PAS

PBB

PBRS

PBS

PCM

PDP

PPBM

PRS

PRM

PSM

SAPP

SUPP

UPKO

Other

USNO

STAR

4

Figure 4.2: Negative Political Party & Coalition Coverage

• BN received the most Negative coverage (32.04%), followed by DAP and UMNO (7.55%).

32.04

7.55

7.55

6.94

6.73

4.69

3.88

3.27

2.65

2.04

2.04

1.43

1.22

1.22

1.02

0.82

0.61

0.61

0.41

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 35.00

BN

DAP

UMNO

Warisan

PH

PBS

PKR

STAR

AMANAH

Other

LDP

PAS

MCA

SAPP

Gerakan

UPKO

MIC

PBRS

USNO

Gagasan Sejahtera

IKATAN

PBB

PCM

PDP

PPBM

PRS

PRM

PSM

SUPP

5

Figure 5.1: Positive Political Party & Coalition Coverage

• BN received the most positive coverage (29.10%), followed by Warisan (12.84%) and PH (9.55%).

29.10

12.84

9.55

8.81

7.01

5.97

3.73

3.28

2.69

2.24

1.94

1.79

1.19

1.04

0.90

0.90

0.75

0.30

0.30

0.15

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 35.00

BN

Warisan

PH

DAP

PBS

UMNO

PKR

AMANAH

UPKO

MCA

Other

LDP

SAPP

PBRS

PPBM

STAR

PRS

Gagasan Sejahtera

SUPP

Gerakan

IKATAN

MIC

PAS

PBB

PCM

PDP

PRM

PSM

USNO

6

Figure 5.2: Neutral Political Party & Coalition Coverage

• BN received the most Neutral coverage (18.83%) followed by Warisan (12.64%) and DAP (10.61%).

18.83

12.64

10.61

7.87

7.69

4.86

4.42

4.07

3.98

3.18

2.92

2.48

2.39

2.39

1.86

0.44

0.35

0.27

0.27

0.27

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 14.00 16.00 18.00 20.00

BN

Warisan

DAP

PH

PKR

SAPP

Other

PBS

UMNO

STAR

MCA

PAS

AMANAH

LDP

UPKO

PPBM

PCM

Gerakan

PBRS

USNO

Gagasan Sejahtera

IKATAN

MIC

PBB

PDP

PRS

PRM

PSM

SUPP

7

Figure 6: Tone of Coverage of Political Parties & Coalitions: Government vs. Opposition vs. Independent/Other

• PH received the most Attacked and Neutral coverage, while BN received the most Positive and Negative coverage.

36.51

63.49

0.00

0.00

61.69

32.77

3.86

1.69

56.45

42.26

0.97

0.32

45.45

47.67

4.05

2.83

0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00

BN

PH

Independent

GS

Neutral Positive Negative Attacked

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Section 2: Coverage of Politicians and Political Figures

2.1 Volume of Coverage of Politicians & Political Figures Figure 7: Volume of Coverage of Politicians & Political Figures

• Only the top 5 most mentioned politicians are shown on this graph.

• Out of these 5, Shafie Apdal received the most mentions by a significant proportion (8.69%), followed by Musa Aman (5.70%).

Figure 8: Volume of Coverage of Politicians & Political Figures: Government vs.Opposition vs. Independent/Other

• When the mentions of individual politicians and political figures are combined and

merged into their respective coalitions, we can see that coverage of figures is skewed towards Independent/ Others (67%).

• There was more coverage of PH compared to BN.

8.69

5.70

5.04

4.11

1.39

0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00

Shafie Apdal

Musa Aman

Mahathir Mohamad

Najib Razak

Lim Guan Eng

BN14%

PH19%

GS0%

Others67%

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2.2 Volume of the Use of Politicians & Political Figures as Sources Figure 9: Volume of the Use of Politicians & Political Figures as Sources

• Only the top 5 most mentioned politicians are shown on this graph.

• Out of these 5, Shafie Apdal received the most coverage (10.00%), followed by Musa Aman (9.29%).

Figure 10: Volume of the Use of Politicians & Political Figures As Sources: Government vs. Opposition vs. Independent/Other

• When the mentions of individual politicians and political figures are combined and

merged into their respective coalitions, we can see that coverage is skewed towards Independent/ Others (47%). BN received more coverage than PH and GS.

10.00

9.29

8.10

6.90

5.48

4.76

4.29

0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00

Shafie Apdal

Musa Aman

Yong Teck Lee

Jeffrey Kitingan

Salleh Said Keruak

Abdul Rahman Dahlan

Najib Razak

BN37%

PH15%

GS1%

Others47%

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2.3 Tone of Coverage of Politicians & Political Figures Figure 11: Raw Tonal Coverage Volume of Politicians & Political Figures

• Of all the tonal categories used in the coverage of politicians and political figures, the

neutral category was used the most often (48%), followed by the positive category (33%).

Figure 12.1: Negative Coverage of Politicians & Political Figures

• In terms of the tone of mentions of politicians and political figures, Musa Aman

received the highest negative coverage (14.29%), followed by Mahathir Mohamad (11.43%).

Figure 12.2: Attacked Coverage of Politicians & Political Figures

• Shafie Apdal was attacked the most (40.40%), followed by Ahmad Zahid Hamidi

(9.09%).

Positive33%

Neutral48%

Negative12%

Attacked7%

14.29

11.43

9.14

6.86

3.43

0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 14.00 16.00

Musa Aman

Mahathir Mohamad

Najib Razak

Shafie Apdal

Joseph Pairin Kitingan

40.40

9.09

8.08

6.06

4.04

0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00

Shafie Apdal

Ahmad Zahid Hamidi

Mahathir Mohamad

Musa Aman

Muhyiddin Yassin

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Figure 13.1: Positive Coverage of Politicians & Political Figures

• In terms of the tone of mentions of politicians and political figures, Shafie Apdal and

Musa Aman received the most positive coverage (7.48%), followed by Najib Razak (4.99%).

Figure 13.2: Neutral Coverage of Politicians & Political Figures

• Shafie Apdal received the most neutral coverage (5.90%), followed by Mahathir

Mohamad (2.95%).

7.48

7.48

4.99

4.16

1.46

0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00

Shafie Apdal

Musa Aman

Najib Razak

Mahathir Mohamad

Joseph Pairin Kitingan

5.90

2.95

2.67

2.67

2.25

0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00

Shafie Apdal

Mahathir Mohamad

Musa Aman

Najib Razak

Lim Guan Eng

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Figure 14: Tone of Coverage of Politicians & Political Figures: Government vs. Opposition vs. Independent/Other

Overall, Independent/Others received the highest Positive, Neutral, and Negative coverage, while PH received the highest Attacked coverage.

2.4 Tone of the Use of Politicians & Political Figures As Sources: Attack Politics or Negative Campaigning Figure 15: Attack Politics: Which Politicians and Political Figures Employ 'Attack Politics' Most Often?

• This graph is weighted to show attack politics as a proportion of overall use as source.

• Yong Teck Lee was the politician most likely to engage in attack politics (20.48%), followed by Musa Aman (14.46%).

16.12

33.15

8.11

20.59

13.84

25.84

15.24

51.96

0.00

0.00

0.42

0.00

70.04

41.01

76.22

27.45

0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00

Positive

Negative

Neutral

Attacked

Positive

Negative

Neutral

Attacked

Positive

Negative

Neutral

Attacked

Positive

Negative

Neutral

Attacked

BN

PH

GS

Oth

ers

20.48

14.46

9.64

7.23

4.82

0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00

Yong Teck Lee

Musa Aman

Shafie Apdal

Lim Guan Eng

Maximus Ongkili

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Figure 16: Attack Politics: Which Coalition Employs Attack Politics Most Often?

• This graph is weighted to show attack politics as a proportion of overall use as source.

• Overall, Independent/ Others party politicians engaged in attack politics most often (47%), followed by BN (37%) and PH (15%).

BN37%

PH15%

GS1%

Others47%

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Section 3: Coverage of Issues

3.1. Volume of Media Coverage of Policy Issues vs Non-Policy Issues Figure 17: Coverage of Policy vs Non-Policy Issues

Note: Non-policy issues received more coverage than Policy issues. Figure 18: Policy Issues

Note: Economy/Development was the most covered issue, followed by Education and Vision.

Policy Issues27%

Non-policy Issues73%

Vision19%

Environment1%

Economy/Development47%

Education19%

Foreign Policy9%

National Security5%

Oppressive Legislation0%

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Figure 18.1: Breakdown of Vision/Policy/Programme

Note: BN manifesto was covered far more than the others, followed by PH manifesto. No coverage of Gagasan Manifesto. Figure 18.2: Breakdown of Economy/Development Issues

Note: Infrastructure was the most covered topic, followed by Inflation/GST and Growth.

TN501%

Transformasi2%

BN Manifesto74%

PH Manifesto15%

Other8%

1MDB4%

Recession1% Welfare

2%Unemployment

7%

Growth17%

Inflation/GST18%

Infrastructure44%

Housing7%

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Figure 19: Non-Policy Issues

Note: Territory was the most covered topic, followed by Ethnicity and Electioneering. Figure 19.1: Breakdown of Socioeconomic Sectors

Note: Military and police was the most covered issue, followed by Cost of living and Working class/ Middle class/Professionals.

Ethnicity16%

Religion2%

Democracy & Human Rights

0%

Socioeconomic sectors

4%

Territory70%

Mudslinging0%

Gender3%

Electioneering5%

Middle class/Professionals8%

Working class8%

Civil service5%

Military and police53%

Urban3%

Rural3%

Cost of living14%

Other6%

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Figure 19.2: Breakdown of Territory Issues

Note: Sabah was the most covered territory, followed by Sarawak and Labuan.

8

26

3

5

3

5

1

3

1

5

4

16

507

40

11

2

1

1

1

22

0 100 200 300 400 500 600

Kuala Lumpur

Labuan

Putrajaya

Johor

Kedah

Kelantan

Malacca

Negeri Sembilan

Pahang

Perak

Perlis

Penang

Sabah

Sarawak

Selangor

Terengganu

Sarawak Independence

Sabah Independence

Bangsa Johor

Semenanjung/Sabah/Sarawak