Water

Water Treatment Cost Estimation Program

To DoTo Do ListThis is a list of items we have identified as needing work:WaTERNaOHStabilizationConcentrate disposal (evap. Ponds)pipelinesintakesoutfallsEnergy cost for Concentrate outfallDechlorination / Ozonation mods.Cost formulas, where did they come from, are they estimated from graphs or from qasimEvap PondsDeep Well injectionset lower limitsset upper limitsheating & lighting is not based on day light or outside air temp."H2O analysis" - Valence changes with pH"References" SectionWT Cost Software Commentshave check marks for including/not including certain costs (e.g. building heating)

IntroductionIntroduction to this model (WaTER)WaTER or "Water Treatment Estimation Routine" is a model for estimating the cost of drinking water treatment. WaTER is the MS Excel program that is the basis for the Visual Basic program called "WTCost". WaTER was developed by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) "Water Treatment Engineering and Research Group". WaTER is updated on a semi continuous basis (adding new treatment techniques, modifying costs, etc.). WaTER can be downloaded at:http://www.usbr.gov/pmts/water/awtr.htmlWaTER uses the 1979 USEPA water treatment cost estimates (1978 dollars) and the 1992 Quasim updates to the 1979 costs as the basis. Costs are updated to todays costs. Processes not included in the 1979 or 1992 updates are estimated from USBR experience and manufacturere estimates. The majoirty of the program is based on applicable flows between 1 and 200 MGD. There has been some recent work incorporating smaller flows of 2,500 gpd to 1 MGD.Information on treatment techniques included in WaTER for all USEPA regulated contaminants can be found in the USBR publication "Water Treatment Primer for Communities in Need"WTcost is a Visual Basic version of this program (with some edits and additions) developed by Irvine Moch. This program is for sale through Irvine Moch & Associates.I. Moch & Assoc., Inc.PMB 161, Suite 6, 1812 Marsh Road, Wilmington, DE 19910-4528(302) 477-0420, Fax: (302) 477-0242, E- Mail:[email protected] version last updated on: 12/18/06CommentsThis model is updated on a continuous basis when funding and time permits. Work on this model is not currently funded and has not been funded since FY04. Although this is labeled as a "Non Functional Version" there are many components that work. The non functional status comes from the fact that not everything has been fully checked and there are some components that do not funciton or do not function correctly.We welcome any comments (especially corrections).Comments on this model should be addressed to Michelle Chapman at the USBR in [email protected]/4/05

[email protected]://www.usbr.gov/pmts/water/awtr.html

Key & NotesKey for WaTER program= usually contain formulas or data that do change= requires entry of data, and may or may not change= entered data that usually do not change= reference= goal seek cells= limit error###= unknown use of data= future work and problems that need to be fixedMajor NotesCapital costs are computed using the peak day flow and an operation time factor (OTF) to account for down time which increases the hourly flow rate, but not the daily flow rateO&M costs are computed using the average daily flow which accounts for daily usage of chemicals, power, etc.Design Notes

ComponentsComponents of the WaTER program

Intake PipeRapid Mix TankUFSCCGravity FilterMFUFNF/ROEDIXCoagulant-Ferric Chloride-Ferric Sulfate-Alum (dru)-Alum (liquid)

Coagulant Aid-PolyElectrolyte-PAClConcentrate OutfallConcentrate Disposal- Outfall- Evap. PondsDechlorination-Sodium Bisulfite-Sodium Sulfite-Sulfer DioxideChemicals-Cl2-Ozone-Potassium Permanganate-Acid-LimeDisinfection-Cl2-Ozone-Chlorine Dioxide-ChloraminesAir StrippingRapid Mix TankUFSCCGravity FilterMFUFCoagulant-Ferric Chloride-Ferric Sulfate-Alum (dry)-Alum (liquid)-PACl-Lime

Coagulant Aid-PolyElectrolyteConcentrate OutfallPre-TreatmentIntakePrimary TreatmentClearwellDesalinationDisinfectionChemicals-Cl2-Ozone-Potassium Permanganate-Acid-LimeAir StrippingStabilizationDisinfection-Cl2-Ozone-Chlorine Dioxide-ChloraminesBlendingChemicals-Cl2-Ozone-Potassium Permanganate-Acid-Lime-AntiscalantPlant Production FlowDesal Product FlowPlant Production FlowPlant Production FlowPreDesal Primary Treatment Product FlowPrimary Treatment Product FlowPlant Feed FlowPre Desal Primary Treatment Feed FlowPrimary Treatment Feed FlowBlending FlowDesal Feed FlowNF/RO Feed FlowNF/RO Product FlowFLOWFLOWFLOWDrawing Not Completely Accurate

WarningsWarningsNote: If Warnings are present, they are higlighted with red fille.g.WorksheetWorksheetParemeterunitsValueLower limitUpper LimitassumptionsbCapacityFeed FlowMGDeH20 AnalysisIon Product for Concentrate00.00019iAcidAcid addition H2SO4Dose Rate by volume-00.0420assuming H2SO4 limits and not HCLLimits (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure 39-41)jIronFeedBasis dose ratekg/day121214472000assuming ferrics sulfate and not ferrous chloride limitsLimits (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure 39-41)kAlumFeedCalculated dose ratekg/hr.6442300Limits (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure 16-18)Liquid Alum dose ratekg/hr.12842500Limits (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure 16-18)LPolyACCalculated dose ratekg/hr.1642300not in epamDe-Cl2&O4Basis dose rate kg/day:kg/hr.4010.5100not in epanCL2Basiskg/day94644500Limits (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure 1-3)oNHCLCalculated Cl2 Dosekg/day156844500Limits (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure 1-3)Calculated Aqua Ammoniakg/day3761102300Limits (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure 42-44)pOzoneOzone Requirements:kg/day37941800Limits (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure 11-13)qLimeFeedBasis Lime:kg/hr11844500Limits (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure 24-26)Basis Soda:kg/hr044500not in eparAntiscalent PolymerBasis Polymer Feedkg/day2230.4100Limits (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure 21-23)sPolyElectrolyteBasis Polymer Feedkg/day2230.5100not in epatKMnO4Basis KMnO4kg/day8910.4220Limits (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure 27-29)Feed/Product Flowgpd816992500200,000,000Limits (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, and EPA-600/3-79-162bwGravityFiltFilter area (m2):m22120132600b/w pumpwrong calculation/referece in tableFilter area (m2):m22120132600gravity filterLimits (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure 67-69)yIXService Flow Rate :L/(hr*L resin)201640Filter area (m2):m250132600zMF-P inputDesign MF product flow rateMGD1000.010fRO&NF InputPrimary Treatment Product FlowL/s479600Sizehp528errorerrorhigh pressure pumpSizehp1633350transfer pumpSizehp1393350product water pump

ReferencesEPA-600/2-79-162cEstimating Water Treatment Costs. Volume 3. Cost Curves Applicable to 2,500 gpd to 1 MGD Treatment PlantsHansen, Sigurd, Robert Gumerman, and Ressell Culp.August 1979.Concract # 68-03-2516196 pages

{a}Project & Stage InfoProject InfoProject NameModel DevelopmentDate06/07/04Membrane StageA1(if applicable)Worksheets included in this program:#WorksheetDescriptionaProject & Stage InfoProject title, date, list of worksheets in WaTERbCapacityProduction Capacity and water data reportcReportProcess information input and cost outputdCost IndexCost indices, interest rates, amortizationeH2O AnalysisWater quality inputfRO & NF InputInput of membrane and system parametersgRO & NF OutputCost and energy outputhCO2Recarbonation basiniAcidSulfuric & Hydorchloric acidjIronFeedkAlum FeedLPAClmDe-Cl2Dechlorination with sodium sulfite, sodium bisulfite, and sulfer dioxidenCl2oNHClpOzoneqLime FeedrAntiscalantsPolyElectrolytetKMnO4uGACvClearwellwGravity FilterxUFSCCyIXzMF InputaaMF OutputbbRejectionccConcOutfallddIonicsEDeeED2ffPumpsggStandardAnalyseshhS&DSIiiLSINF & RO ConditioningjjStiff & Daviskk

{b}CapacityProject NameDateStageModel Development06/07/04A1Flow Rate Input Page & Water Data ReportPlant Operations Schedule%decimalPlant availability due to down time950.95(used to estimate production/year)Planned operation time per day1001.00(used to calculate energy & chemical costs)Combined operation time factor (OTF)0.950Note: Peak daily flow should be used for capital costs and average daily flow should be used for O&M costs1000 cfs and 300 cfs.Most flow rates are limited to 1 to 200 MGD1,292,630,400646,315,200193,894,560897,660448,830134,64920001000300Average Daily FlowPlant Production FlowL/Sec.L/Min.L/daygpmgphgpdMGDgal/yearm3/daym3/yearFlowrate (Enter in ONE of these cells, set rest cells to "0")0.000.00000100.000O&M: Flowrate4,380.79262,847.2378,500,00069436.94,166,21599,989,16999.9936,520,244,042378,500138,244,097Flowrate (with OTF)4,611.35276,681.373,091.54,385,490105,251,757System Capacity (with OTF)398,421,053105.338,442,362,150398,421.1145,520,102Peak Day FlowPlant Production FlowL/Sec.L/Min.L/daygpmgphgpdMGDgal/yearm3/daym3/yearFlowrate (Enter in ONE of these cells, set rest cells to "0")0.000.000.0001.000Flowrate43.812,628.53,785,000694.441,662999,8921.00365,202,4403,7851,382,441Capital: Flowrate (with OTF)46.112,766.8730.943,8551,052,518System Capacity (with OTF)3,984,2111.1384,423,6213,984.21,455,201.0NF/RO Feed Flow RateL/Sec.L/Min.L/daygpmgphgpdMGDgal/yearm3/daym3/yearO&M: NF/RO Feed Flow Rate:*5,153.87309,232.03445,294,11881,690.504,901,429.85117,634,316117.6342,964,992,991445,294.12162,640,114.12Capital: NF/RO Feed Flow Rate (with OTF):54.253,255.07859.9051,594.001,238,256Note: NF/RO Feed Flow = (Plant Production Flow) / (NF/RO Recovery)Rapid Mix Feed Flow RateL/Sec.L/Min.L/daygpmgphgpdMGDgal/yearm3/daym3/yearO&M: Rapid Mix Feed Flow Rate:*5,153.87309,232.03445,294,11881,690.504,901,429.85117,634,316117.6342,964,992,991445,294.12162,640,114.12Capital: Rapid Mix Feed Flow Rate (with OTF):54.253,255.07859.9051,594.001,238,256Note Rapid Mix Feed Flow = (Plant Production Flow) / (NF/RO Recovery)

&C&13&AWater Treatment Cost Estimation Program

{u}GACProject NameDateStageModel Development06/07/04A1Granular Activated Carbon FiltrationUnitsAlternative UnitsAlternative UnitsDesired Flow Rate:4611L/s73,099gpm398,421m3/dayBed Life (months)12631978 Capital Cost:%28,273,63359,763,15879,684,211Manfactured & Electrical Equipment0.6954,138,503114,434,812152,579,749Excavation , Site Work & Labor0.075,981,47812,643,30016,857,733Piping & Valves0.2414,123,31229,853,03539,804,046November, 2006 Capital Cost $:1.0074,243,293156,931,146209,241,5281978 Operagting Costs:%10,133,36113,584,56614,998,503Maintenance Material0.367,592,76110,178,69211,238,132Energy $/kW*h0.122,837,3413,803,6784,199,581Labor $/hour0.5214,818,44719,865,29021,932,952November, 2006 Operation & Maintenance $:1.0017,655,78823,668,96926,132,532415460

&AWater Treatment Cost Estimation Program

{c}ReportProject NameDateStageModel Development06/07/04A1Cost reports for water treatment processesProduction CapacityAverage Daily Flow (for O&M)Peak Daily Flow (for capital)378,5003,785m3/day138,244,0971,382,441m3/year99,9891,000kgal/day36,520,244365,202kgal/yearProcessCost ParameterUnitsAlternative UnitsConstruction CostOperating Cost$$/m3$/kgal$/yr$/m3$/kgalIntakePre-TreatmentOzone2,927,245$773.38$2,927.56233,064$0.18$0.67Dose Rate (~5mg/L):1.0mg/LContact Time (~2 min):2.0minChlorination371,544$98.16$371.5877,792$0.06$0.22Residual;2.5mg/LCalculated Dose Rate:2.5mg/LAlternative Dose Rate:mg/LAir Stripping0.00.00.00.00.00.0No Air StripperResidual;2.5mg/LCalculated Dose Rate:2.5mg/LAlternative Dose Rate:mg/LPrimary TreatmentMicrofiltration62,355,748$164.74$0.052,670,491$0.02$0.07Microfilter system equipmentMemcor, 90M10CNumber of microfilter103Recovery0.98(decimal)Granular Activated CarbonFlow rate5153.9L/sec81699gal/minAlternative Flow Rate:0.0L/sec0.0gal/minBed LifeMonths1274,243,293$196.15$742.5117,655,788$0.13$0.48Months6156,931,146$414.61$1,569.4823,668,969$0.17$0.65Months3209,241,528$552.82$2,092.6426,132,532$0.19$0.72Gravity FiltrationCalculated Surface Area:2,120.45m222825ft2Alternative Surface Area:0.0m2Structure:11,921,849$31.50$119.23670,324$0.00$0.02Backwashing:5,647,058$14.92$56.4859,945$0.00$0.00MediaRapid Sand1,797,258Coal/Sand1,797,258Coal/Sand/Garnet2,546,115Coal/GreenSand/Coal2,995,430Upflow Solids Contact ClarifierHow Many?18,059,211$21.29$80.60Retention Time (min)180Calculated Surface Area:9857m2106101ft2Alternative Surface Area:m20.0ft2G Rating %70150,352$0.00$0.00G Rating %110234,071$0.00$0.01G Rating %150319,042$0.00$0.01DesalinationDesalinationReverse Osmosis/Nanofiltration93,010,050$245.73$930.2023,847,981$0.17$0.65Membrane TypeFilmTecNumber of elements20139elementsOperating Pressure1542kPa224lb/in2NaCl Rejection0.995(decimal)Recovery0.85(decimal)Target Product TDS50mg/LBlending? (Y or N)YRatio (Blend:Product)9.5%Ion Exchange2,208,278$5.83$22.093,081,756$0.02$0.08Cation Equivalents/L Resin20$/m3 Cation Exchange Resin$1,60745ft3Cation Resin Volume:1,577m356,324ft3To Remove Cation Equivalents/L:1.05E-04Anion Equivalents /L Resin11$/m3 Anion Exchange Resin$6,250175ft3Anion Resin Volume1,577m356,324ft3To Remove Anion Equivalents /L:7.21E-03Run Cycle1daysIonics Electrodialysis Reversal37,892,808$100.11$378.9766,640,633$0.48$1.82Staff Days/day3TDS1000mg/LElectrodialysis0.00.00.0150,865$0.00$0.00Membrane Area:0m20ft2Product TDS500mg/LNumber of Stages (1 or 2)2stagesRecovery per Stage0.5(decimal)Recovery0.75(decimal)StabilizationCO2OutfallConcentrate DisposalDe-ChlorinationFree Chlorine Level1.0mg/L as Cl2Sodium Bisulfite: Cost300$/2,499,500$6.60$25.002,462,340$0.02$0.07NF/RO FeedCalculated Dose1.5mg/LAlternative Dosemg/LSodium Sulfite: Cost300$/480,299$1.27$4.80504,695$0.00$0.01Calculated Dose0.9mg/LAlternative Dosemg/LSulfur Dioxide: Cost300$/480,299$1.27$4.80504,695$0.00$0.01Calculated Dose0.9mg/LAlternative Dosemg/LDisinfectionChlorine371,544$0.98$3.7277,792$0.00$0.00Residual;2.5mg/LCalculated Dose Rate:2.5mg/LAlternative Dose Rate:mg/LChloramines0.00.00.057,885$0.00$0.00Residual:3mg/LCalculated Chlorine Dose:4.1mg/LCalculated Ammonia Dose:1.0mg/LAlternative Chlorine Dose6.0mg/LAlternative Ammonia Dose2.0mg/LOzone2,927,245$7.73$29.28233,064$0.00$0.01Dose Rate (~5mg/L):1.0mg/LContact Time (~2 min):2.0minChlorine Dioxide0.00.00.00.00.00.0Residual;2.5mg/LCalculated Dose Rate:%mg/LAlternative Dose Rate:mg/LChemical Feed Systems (Main Process)AcidificationFeed LSI (for TDS>5000)-1.77Conc LSI0.6200.0000.00Calc Dose 96% H2SO4 (mg/L)99.0Conc LSI0.32w/Acid0.00.00.0151,276$0.00$0.00Alternative:7mg/LCalc Dose 37% HCl (mg/L)73.4Conc LSI-1.43w/Acid0.00.00.02,708,709$0.02$0.07Alternative:mg/LAlum (dry feed)118,587$0.31$1.19198,162$0.00$0.01Media feedCalculated Dose:328mg/LAlternative Dose:mg/LBased on:64kg/hr141lb/hrAlum (liquid feed)Dose Rate163,393$0.43$1.63371,823$0.00$0.01Media feedCalculated:655mg/LAlternative:mg/LBased on:128kg/hr282lb/hrPoly Aluminum ChlorideDose Rate74,547$0.20$0.75260,653$0.00$0.01Calculated:98mg/LAlternative:mg/LBased on:16kg/hr36lb/hrFerric SulfateDose Rate445,537$1.18$4.46140,350$0.00$0.00Media FeedCalculated:259mg/LAlternative:mg/LBased on:1212kg/day2667lb/dayFerric Chloride455,307$1.20$4.55780,776$0.01$0.02Media feedCalculated Dose266mg/L5 - 150Alternative DoseBased on:1245kg/day2740lb/dayLime & Soda AshDose Rate240,456$0.64$2.40106,016$0.00$0.00Leave out Soda Ash "Y" or "N"?YCalculated Lime:6mg/LCalculated Soda Ash:0mg/LAlternative Limemg/LAlternative Soda Ash:mg/LBased on Lime dose:118kg/hr259lb/hrBased on Soda Ash:0kg/hr0lb/hrAntiScalantDose Rate164,315$0.43$1.64182,717$0.00$0.01NF/RO FeedSuggested:0.5mg/LAlternative:mg/LBased on:222.6kg/day490lb/dayCost of Chemical990$/500 lbPolyelectrolyteDose Rate164,315$0.43$1.64182,717$0.00$0.01Suggested:0.5mg/LAlternative:mg/LBased on:222.6kg/day490lb/dayCost of Chemical990$/500 lbPotassium PermanganateDose Rate94,662$0.25$0.951,309,257$0.01$0.04Calculated:0mg/LAlternative:2mg/LBased on:891kg/day1959lb/dayMisc. EquipmentPumpsSingle Stage Tubine9,003,237$23.79$90.0422,789,633$0.16$0.62Variable Speed Turbine4,748,362$12.55$47.49Centrifugal, Singe Stage1,728,164$4.57$17.28Number of pumps:1pump(s)Height differential:1m3.3ftDischarge pressure:1750kPa254psiOperating Cost Depend on Number and Horsepower only.Full flow rate:5.154m3/s81699gal/minBasis flow rate5.154m3/s81699gal/minPump Efficiency:75%Pipe Diameter:0.1m3.94inMotor Efficiency:87%HP111482Power consumption:128140kWhrDistrib.ClearwellBelow Ground Capacity:60,000m315852kgal8,118,781$21.45$81.20Ground Level Capacity:55,000m314531kgal4,317,924$11.41$43.18Daily Production:3,785m31000kgal

Saied Delagah:based on alk from S&DI calculates dosage required

{d}Cost IndexProject NameDateConstruction Cost Indexbuilding cost index historyModel Development06/07/04Series Id:WPS117Series Id:WPS114901Series Id:WPS132Series Id:WPS1013JANFEBMARAPRMAYJUNJULAUGSEPOCTNOVDECANNUAL AVGSeasonally AdjustedSeasonally AdjustedSeasonally AdjustedSeasonally Adjusted19904680468546914693470747324734475247744771478747774732Cost Indices DataGroup:Machinery and equipmentGroup:Machinery and equipmentGroup:Nonmetallic mineral productsGroup:Metals and metal products19914777477347724766480148184854489248914892489648894835Building Cost Index History (1915-2004)MonthYearItem:Electrical machinery and equipmentItem:Valves and fittingsItem:Concrete ingredients and related productsItem:Steel mill products19924888488449274946496549734992503250425052505850594985HOW ENR BUILDS THE INDEX: 66.38 hours of skilled labor at the 20-city average of bricklayers, carpenters and structural ironworkers rates, plus 25 cwt of standard structural steel shapes at the mill price prior to 1996 and the fabricated 20-city price from 1996, plus 1.128 tons of portland cement at the 20-city price, plus 1,088 board-ft of 2 x 4 lumber at the 20-city price.Date of Cost Indices ValuesNovember2006Base Date:8200Base Date:8200Base Date:8200Base Date:670019935071507051065167526252605252523052555264527853105210Desalination Costs19945336537153815405540554085409542454375437543954395408Cost Indices Categories:November 2006Used ForRatio for October 1978 (1913 basis)Ratio for 1995 (1913 basis)EPA October 1978 CostsENR June 2000 (1913 basis)ENR October 1978 (1913 basis)ENR October 1978 (1967 basis)BLS October 1978 (1982 Basis)BLS October 1978 (1967 Basis)October 1978 Index used in EPA Manual1978 Index Type from EPA ManualNew 1978 Basis old number not usedYearJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecAnnualYearJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecAnnualYearJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecAnnualYearJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecAnnual19955443544454355432543354325484550654915511551955245471ENR Construction Cost Index198298.898.999.299.799.910099.9100.1100.3100.7101.3101.519776565.56666.166.866.76767.367.367.668.268.3197867.267.56868.969.269.870.471.171.772.573.373.71978236.8246.6249252.4253.8254.9252.1259.5260.8262.1263.6264.219965523553255375550557255975617565256835719574057445620JANFEBMARAPRMAYJUNJULAUGSEPOCTNOVDECANNUALConstruction Cost7910.81Manufactured & Electrical Equipment2.781.462,850.66265.3872.30221.30221.3BLS Electrical Machinery and Equipment Code 1173384.051983101.6102.3102.4102.6103103.2104.4104.4105104.9105.1105.519786969.669.869.970.37171.872.172.773.475.175.5197975.476.37776.977.578.278.879.480.18181.882.61979270.4271.8272.5273.4276.1278.7282.1284.1285.7288.3290.8291.619975765576957595799583758605863585458515848583858585826AVGWage ($/hr)29.05Labor (for operating the plant - approximation)2.810.9110.331984105.7105.9106.4106.8107.1107.7107.7107.8108108.4108.7108.8197976.376.677.177.778.678.979.380.18181.982.683.5198084.785.285.886.587.287.988.99090.490.991.491.81980292.1294.2295.5301.7304.6307.6298.3300.7302.8307.8311.6316.51998585258745875588358815895592159295963598659955991592019902664266826732676269127152716271627302728273027202702ENR Building Cost Index1985109.2109.4109.5109.2109.5109.5109.6109.7109.9110109.9110.1198084.284.886.488.488.589.489.990.290.891.491.892.2198192.893.393.894.995.295.795.996.196.79797.797.91981321322.9328.7328.8330.5334.2341.8344.9347.7349.4351.1352.11999600059925986600860066039607660916128613461276127605919912720271627152709272327332757279227852786279127842751Building Cost4462.38Housing2.591.441,721.13254.76254.76ENR Building Cost Index (1967 Base)3113.201986110.2110.4110.7110.9111.1111.1111.4111.5111.8111.7111.9112198192.793.394.394.995.195.596.29798.29898.398.8198298.499.199.598.8100100.5100.5100.3100.5100.6101.2100.41982348.9350.3350.5349350.6352JANFEBMARAPRMAYJUNJULAUGSEPOCTNOVDECANNUAL AVG19922784277527992809282828382845285428572867287328752834Skilled Labor7449.82Excavation and Sitework, Labor3.021.302,465247.00247ENR Skilled Labor Wage Index (1967 Base)5335.921987112.2112.2112.2112.2112.4112.4112.7112.9112.8113.1113.3113.5198299.599.699.299.199.399.4100.2100.5100.8100.6100.9101.1198399.399.999.3100.2100.4100.9101.1101.9102.4102.6102.5102.62000613061606202620162336238622562336224625962666283622119932886288629152976307130663038301430093016302930462996ENR Materials Cost Index1988113.6113.9113.7113.9114.5114.3114.3114.7114.9115.1115.3115.51984102.5103.2104.4104.1105104.9105.3105.7105.9106106.9107.32001628162726279628662886318640463896391639764106390634319943071310631163127312531153107310931163116310931103111Materials2637.27Piping & Valves2.081.191,267.173.20236.40236.40BLS Valves an Fittings Code 1149011973.801989116.1116.4116.6116.8117.1117.6117.8118118118.4118.4118.51985107.4107.7107.9108.1108.5108.8108.7108.9108.7108.8108.9109.32002646264626502648065126532660565926589657965786563653819953112311131033100309630953114312131093117313131283111Materials2637.27Maintanace Materials2.081.191,267.1--2036.811990118.6118.4118.8119119119.2119.4119.4119.6119.8119.9120.11986109.9109.5109.4109.7109109.1109.3109.2109.5109.7110.11092003658166406627663566426694669567336741677167946782669419963127313131353148316131783190322332463284330433113203Cement ($/ton)94.42Concrete1.961.1748.2771.60247.00247.00BLS Concrete Ingredients Code 13267.541991120.4120.4120.5120.7120.7120.8120.9120.9120.9120.9121121.21987109.4109.7109.9110110.1110.5110.7110.7110.9111111.2111.3Series Id:WPU10132004682568626957*70177065710919973332333333233364337733963392338533783372335033703364Steel ($/CWT)40.40Steel2.571.4315.7375.00262.10262.10BLS Steel Mill Products Code 101329.681992120.8121.1121.3121.1121.3121.2121.2121.4121.3121.5121.7121.9Series Id:WPU1149011988111.5111.7111.4111.9112112112112.2112.1112.1112.3112.6Not Seasonally AdjustedBase: 1913=10019983363337233683375337433793382339134143423342434193391Other1993121.9121.9122.1122.4122.3122.4122.4122.6122.7122.8122.9122.9Not Seasonally Adjusted1989112.6112.4112.1112.6112.7113113.2113.2113.8114114.1114.2Group:Metals and metal products*= Revised19993425341734113421342234333460347435043505349834973456Electricity Cost ($/kWHr) 30.0700Power2.331.000.03--0.03Group:Machinery and equipment1990114114.5114.6114.7115.1115.1115.2115.4115.9116.1116.5116.4Item:Steel mill productsJANFEBMARAPRMAYJUNJULAUGSEPOCTNOVDECANNUALItem:Valves and fittings1991117.2118.4118.2118.1118.4118.5118.6118.7118.6118.7118.8118.8Base Date:6700AVGRates and LifecyclesBase Date:82001992118.9118.9119.4118.8119119119.3119.4119.5119.9120.2120.5ANNUAL AVERAGE20003503352335363534355835533545354635393547354135483539Interest Rate (%)6.00On Construction & Bond MoneyBLS = Bureau of Labor Statistics1993121121.2121.5122.6122.7123.2123.5123.7124.6125.6125.5126YearJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecAnnual190897193118119546281977257620013545353635413541354735723625360535973602359635773574Amortization time (yr)30.00For Bond Periodhttp://www.bls.gov/ppi/home.htm#dataSeries Id:WPU117YearJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecAnnual1994126.5126.8127.4127.7127.9128.5128.8129.5129.8130.3130.51311978237.5246.4248.8252.9253.5253.9254.1260.3260.5262.1262262.1254.5190991193215719556601978277630-Jun-76240120023581358135973583361236243652364836553651365436403623Water Rate ($/kgal)0.00Cost of Feed Source WaterPPI Page => "Get Detailed PPI Statistics" => "Create Customized Tables" => "Commodity Data"Not Seasonally Adjusted197764.865.465.966.26767.167.367.467.267.467.96866.81995131.9132.5133133.7134.3134.7135.3135.4135.9136136.4136.71979271.5271.8272.5275276.7277.3284.6284.7284.8288.3288.8289.3280.4191096193317019566921979300330-Jun-77257620033648365536493652366036773683371237173745376537573693http://data.bls.gov/labjava/outside.jsp?survey=wpGroup:Machinery and equipment197868.869.669.970.170.671.472.172.172.573.274.77571.71996136.9137.1137.7137.9138.6138.5138.9139.1139.9140.2140.6140.81980293.6294.2295.5304.1305.5305.8301301301307.5309.4313.7302.7191193193419819577241980323730-Jun-7827762004376738023859*390839563996NotesItem:Electrical machinery and equipment197976.176.677.178.17979.379.68080.581.682.382.979.41997141.1141.3141.4141.6142.1142.3142.6143143143.6143.8144.31981322.6322.9328.7331.8331.8332.2344.9344.9345.3348.7348.6348.9337.6191291193519619587591981353530-Jun-793003Base: 1913=1000.0894197765.165.465.665.76666.166.566.767.267.968.268.266.62001157.6158.2158.2158.4158.5158.6159.2159.5159.6160160.3160.5Seasonally Adjusted19161301939236196287219854195y = 0.5748x - 13681ANNUAL AVERAGEReferences197869.169.469.970.370.671.171.471.671.972.373.273.671.22002160.8161.1161.3162.2162.4162.5162.9163.1163.3163.6163.8164Group:Metals and metal products19171811940242196390119864295-13681.0191595193617219575091978165430-Jun-761425ENR - Engineering News Record Construction Cost Index published monthly by McGraw Hill in New York City (212-512-2000)Producer Price Index197973.974.675.175.676.276.777.778.278.879.679.880.677.22003164164.4164.6164.2164.3164.7164.8164.7165.1165.3165.8165.8Item:Steel mill products191818919412581964936198744061916131193719619585251979191930-Jun-771545See http://www.enr.com198082.383.984.985.986.387.18888.58989.489.690.287.12004166.6166.9(P)167.2(P)167.8(P)168.8(P)Base Date:8200191919819422761965971198845191917167193819719595481980194130-Jun-781654http://www.enr.com/features/conEco/costIndexes/mostRecentIndexes.asp198191.592.393.393.993.994.795.596.296.897.397.69895.1P : Preliminary. All indexes are subject to revision four months after original publication.19202511943290196610191989461519181591939197196055930-Jun-791919198298.899.199.510099.9100100100.1100.1100.5100.9101.2100YearJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecAnnual19212021944299196710741919159194020319615681982223430-Jun-8019412 EPA-600/2-79-162 "Estimating Water Treatment Costs"1983101.6102.4102.6102.9103103.1104.4104.4104.9104.8104.9105.3103.7197763.263.464.264.364.764.766.366.767.867.868.268.319221741945308196811551920207194121119625801983238430-Jun-8120971984105.7106.1106.5107107.1107.6107.7107.7107.9108.3108.6108.7107.4197867.770.571.272.272.572.872.374.274.674.975.475.519232141946346196912691921166194222219635941984241731-Oct-783 DOE - Department of Energy "Electric Power Monthly"1985109.3109.6109.6109.3109.5109.4109.6109.7109.8109.9109.8110109.6197977.477.877.878.17979.681.581.281.682.483.183.41924215194741319701381192215519432291964612198524281930just estimated by approximationSource of DOE data: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-826, "Monthly Electric Sales and Revenue Report with State Distributions Report."1986110.3110.6110.8111111110.9111.5111.5111.7111.7111.8111.9111.2Series Id:WPU132198083.784.284.286.387.187.786.586.186.587.988.990.4192520719484611971158119231861944235196562719862483http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/electricity/epm/table5_6_a.html1987112.3112.4112.3112.2112.3112.2112.7112.9112.7113.1113.2113.4112.6Not Seasonally Adjusted198191.992.493.894.394.695.299.198.899.399.699.9100.2192620819494771972175319241861945239196665019872541http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/electricity/epm/epm_sum.html1988113.7114.1113.7113.8114.4114.2114.4114.7114.8115.1115.2115.4114.5Group:Nonmetallic mineral products1982100100.2100.1100.2100.7100.499.999.999.999.899.798.91927206195051019731895192518319462621967676198825981989116.2116.6116.7116.8117117.5117.9118117.9118.4118.3118.4117.5Item:Concrete ingredients and related products198398.2100.6100.199.9100.2100.4100.5100.7102.5102.1102.6103.11928207195154319742020192618519473131968721198926341990118.9118.6118.9119119119.2119.5119.4119.5119.6119.8119.9119.3Base Date:82001984103.7104.2104.2104.3104.4104.7105.3105.4105.1104.9105105.519292071952569197522121927186194834119697901991120.5120.6120.7120.9120.7120.8120.9120.9120.8120.8120.9120.9120.81985105.1105.3105.3105.2105.1104.9104.8104.6104.4104104104.419302031953600197624011928188194935219708361992120.9121.2121.4121.2121.3121.2121.2121.2121.2121.4121.6121.7121.3YearJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecAnnual198699.699.599.599.599.9100100100.1100.199.899.699.9192919119503751971948I called Tim to find out what the difference was between the Construction Cost Index (CCI) listed in the EPA Manual Estimating Water Treatment Costs and the value for 1978 on ENR.com. The CCI given in the EPA Manual is for October of 1978 and has a value of 265.38, the CCI listed in the ENR building cost index history for 1978 is 2776.1993122122.2122.2122.6122.4122.4122.4122.5122.6122.7122.8122.7122.5197867.76868.469.97070.270.77171.371.672.172.170.21987100.8101.2101.2101.1101101101.4101.8102.4105105.6105.719301851951401197210481994123.1123.2123.3123.6123.7123.7123.8123.5123.4123.2123.4123.4123.4197976.176.977.478.178.278.579.179.379.680.180.58178.71988107.2107.8108.4109.8110.6111111.4112.3112.3113112.5112.41931168195241619731138The value given in the EPA manual of 265.38 is a 1967 base-year value. The current method of reporting CCI uses a 1913 base year (CCI 1913 = 100), which is were the 2776 comes from. To convert from 1967 base year to 1913 base year, use the following formula:1995123.9124.2124.1124.2124.2124.1124124124.2124.8124.9124.3124.2198085.58686.387.787.988.18989.9909090.190.288.41989113.8114.3114.8115.2114.9114.9114.7114.4114.7114.4114.211419321311953431197412051996124.6124.6124.1123.6123.2122.9123.1123.2123.2122.9122.9123.2123.4198193.59494.496969696.196.196.396.396.396.495.61998116.5116.6116.1115.5115.2114.7114.2113.8112.6111.4110.2108.919331481954446197513061997123122.9122.7122.6122.4122.4122.6122.1122121.6121.8121.8122.3198298.899.599.999.8100.8100.9100.6100.4100.310010098.91001999107.6106.4106105.4104.7105104.2104.2104104.7105.4106.319341671955469197614251998121.8121.6121.5121.2121.1121.1120.8120.7120.6120.6120.6120.4121198399.110099.5100.9101.2101.4101.3102.1102.3102.2101.6101.5101.12000107.9108.8109.1109.9110.4109.7109.3108.2107.8107.2106105.619351661956491197715451999120.6120.6120.5120.3119.8119.6119.5119.4119.2119.3119.3119.3119.81984101.8103.2104.6104.6105.8105.4105.5106105.9105.7106106.3105.12001104.5103.7103.2102.2101.8101100.7100.399.999.499.399.1The CCI is occasionally reported in some issues of ENR as 1967 cost basis, but is reported monthly for the 1913 base year. The 1967 value can be found in the March 22, 2004 issue of ENR.2000119118.8118.6118.7118.8118.8119118.9118.9118.7118.6118.1118.71985106.8107.6108.2108.5109.3109.3108.9109.1108.7108.6108.1108.4108.5200299.199.3100.3101.3102.6104.3105.4106.7108.8109.6109.9110.12001118.2118118.1117.8117.7117.4117.1116.9116.8116.7116.7116.7117.31986109.4109.4109.7110.1109.7109.5109.4109.3109.4109.5109.5108.2109.42003110.4110.9110.2110109.3108.6107.8107.7107.8109.3110.2111.92002116.9116.9117.1116.6116.4116.4116116.1116.1115.8115.8115.4116.31987109.1109.6110.1110.4110.7110.8110.8110.8110.8110.8110.8110.6110.42004116.4122.1(P)127.8(P)135.9(P)143.2(P)2003115.3115115.1115.2115.2114.9114.6114.4114.4114.2114.2114114.71988111.3111.6111.6112.3112.6112.3112.1112.2112111.9111.9111.9112P : Preliminary. All indexes are subject to revision four months after original publication.2004113.5114.1(P)113.9(P)114.5(P)114.6(P)1989112.3112.3112.3113.1113.3113.3113.3113.2113.7113.8113.6113.6113.2P : Preliminary. All indexes are subject to revision four months after original publication.1990113.9114.3114.8115.2115.5115.5115.3115.5115.8115.8116115.9115.31991117.1118.3118.3118.6118.8118.9118.7118.8118.5118.5118.3118.2118.41992118.8118.8119.4119.3119.4119.4119.4119.5119.4119.6119.7119.9119.41993120.9121.1121.4123.2123.2123.5123.7123.8124.5125.5125.2125.3123.4Series Id:WPU10171994126.2126.6127128.4128.4129129.2129.7129.8130.2130.2130.2128.7Not Seasonally Adjusted1995131.6132.1132.4134.5134.8135.2135.7135.7135.9135.8136135.9134.7Group:Metals and metal products1996136.5136.7137138.6139.2139.2139.4139.3140140140.2140138.8Item:Steel mill products1997140.7140.7140.8142.3142.7143143.2143.3143.2143.4143.2143.4142.5Base Date:82001998144.2144.6145147.3147.6148.4148.8148.9149149149149.3147.61999150.4150.7151151.7152.1152.4152.6152.8153153153.2153152.1YearJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecAnnual2000153.8153.9154.3155.3156156.2156.3156.3156.4156.3156.3155.8155.6197763.363.36464.264.464.566.867.16867.967.967.965.82001157.2157.9157.9158.9159.2159.3159.6159.8159.8159.9159.7159.7159.1197867.970.571.272.372.572.672.774.574.575757572.82002160.5160.9161162.7163.1163163.2163.5163.5163.4163.1163.2162.6197977.777.87878.779.279.381.481.481.582.582.682.880.22003163.7164.2164.3164.7165165.2165.1165.1165.3165.1165.2165164.819808484.284.58787.487.586.186.186.18888.589.786.62004166.2166.7(P)166.9(P)168.3(P)169.5(P)198192.392.49494.994.995.198.798.798.899.899.799.896.6P : Preliminary. All indexes are subject to revision four months after original publication.1982100.3100.2100.3100.8100.7100.199.999.799.6100.199.798.6100198398.3100.5100.1100100.1100.2100.4100.6102.5102.6102.8103100.91984103.7104104104.2104.3104.5105.2105.3105.3105.5105.3105.3104.71985105.1105.1105105105104.7104.7104.5104.5104.6104.4104.3104.7198699.599.29999.399.899.899.9100100.2100.3100.199.999.81987100.7100.9100.7101101100.9101.4101.7102.4105.4105.9105.8102.31988107.3107.7108.1109.8110.7110.9111.4112.1112113.3112.7112.5110.71989114114.4114.9115.4115.1114.9114.7114.1114.2114.5114.2113.8114.51990113.1112.2112.2112112.2111.9112.4111.9111.7112112112.1112.11991112.2111.8111.3110.6109.9109.9109.4108.2107.7107.2107.6107.9109.51992107.4107.5107.5107.1107106.5106.3106105.7105.3105.1105.1106.41993105.1105.6106.1106.7107.3108108.4109.2109.8110.2110.6111.1108.21994111.4111.9111.9111.9112.5112.3113.4114.1114.8115.3115.8115.8113.41995117.9119.7121121.7121.9121.9121.9121.2120.2119.1117.9117.3120.11996116.6115.2114.7114.9115.2115.6115.5115.9116.3116115.7115.6115.61997115.9116.1116.1116.4116.2116.3116.6116.6116.8116.6116.6116.2116.41998115.9115.9115.5115.4115.1115.1114.8114.3113.3111.8110.2108.7113.81999107.1105.7105.4105.3104.6105.2104.7104.7104.7105105.4106.1105.32000107.3107.9108.5109.7110.2110109.9108.9108.6107.6106.2105.5108.42001103.8102.7102.6101.9101.6101.3101.3100.9100.610099.699.1101.3200298.398.399.6101102.3104.5106107.3109.7110.4110.4110.1104.82003109.5109.8109.4109.6109108.8108.4108.4108.7110.1110.7112109.52004115.4120.8(P)126.9(P)135.4(P)142.8(P)P : Preliminary. All indexes are subject to revision four months after original publication.

&C&13&AWater Treatment Cost Estimation Programsdundorf:typically $0.07 to $0.12 per KWH in 2004Reference 3 - DOEsdundorf:typically $2 in 2004sdundorf:Code discontinued in 1982 so no updated value.Using code 1017 (also called steel mill products as value)From Reference 2

{d}Cost Index00000

{e}H20 Analysis000000

{f}RO&NF Input000

{g}RO&NF OutputProject NameDateStageModel Development06/07/04A18.5616438356166.9520547945Feed Water AnalysisLast check for accuracy of the MCL values1/1/00Implement eH-pH diagrams to automatically change valence with pHComponentSecondary EffUnitsMCL (mg/L)Amount Over MCLValence ChargesMolecular Wt.Equivalent WeightMoles/LiterEquiv./LiterIonic Strengthmg/L as CaCO3Equiv./Liter (w/Valence >+1)Moles/Liter (w/Valence >+1)Typical Seawater Data SetCationsAluminummg/L0.05326.980.00.00.00.00.00.00.00E+000.00E+000.0100Antimonymg/L0.0063121.750.00.00.00.00.00.00.00E+000.00E+000.0003Arsenicmg/L0.010374.920.00.00.00.00.00.00.00E+000.00E+000.0005Bariummg/L22137.340.00.00.00.00.00.00.00E+000.00E+000.0300Berylliummg/L0.00429.010.00.00.00.00.00.00.00E+000.00E+000.0000Boronmg/L0.5Cadmiummg/L0.0052112.410.00.00.00.00.00.00.00E+000.00E+000.0001Calcium2.1000mg/L---240.0820.045.24E-051.05E-042.10E-045.240.001.05E-045.24E-05406.0000Chromium, totalmg/L0.12520.00.00.00.00.00.00.00E+000.00E+000.0001Coppermg/L1263.540.00.00.00.00.00.00.00E+000.00E+000.0030Ironmg/L0.3255.850.00.00.00.00.00.00.00E+000.00E+000.0100Leadmg/L0.0152207.190.00.00.00.00.00.00.00E+000.00E+000.0000Magnesiummg/L---224.310.00.00.00.00.00.00.00E+000.00E+001290.0000Manganesemg/L0.05254.940.00.00.00.00.00.00.00E+000.00E+000.0020Mercurymg/L0.0022200.590.00.00.00.00.00.00.00E+000.00E+000.0000Nickelmg/L---258.710.00.00.00.00.00.00.00E+000.00E+000.0054Potassium40.0000mg/L---139.139.101.02E-031.02E-031.02E-03102.300.040.00E+000.00E+00385.0000Seleniummg/L0.05478.960.00.00.00.00.00.00.00E+000.00E+000.0001Silvermg/L0.11107.870.00.00.00.00.00.00.00E+000.00E+000.0003Sodium140.0000mg/L---122.9922.996.09E-036.09E-036.09E-03608.960.140.00E+000.00E+0010741.0000Strontiummg/L---287.620.00.00.00.00.00.00.00E+000.00E+0014.0000Zincmg/L5265.370.00.00.00.00.00.00.00E+000.00E+000.0100AnionsAlkalinity-Bicarbonate180.00mg/L----16161.002.95E-032.95E-032.95E-03295.080.180.00E+000.00E+00144.00Alkalinity-Carbonate0.75mg/L----26030.001.25E-052.50E-055.00E-051.250.000.00E+000.00E+000.50Carbon Dioxide (aq)7.91mg/L---0441.80E-040.00.017.980.00.00E+000.00E+002.31Chloride150.00mg/L250-135.4535.454.23E-034.23E-034.23E-03423.130.150.00E+000.00E+0019333.00Cyanide, freemg/L0.20.00.00.00.00.00.00.00E+000.00E+00Fluoridemg/L4-1190.00.00.00.00.00.00.00E+000.00E+001.30Nitrate (as N)mg/L10-1140.00.00.00.00.00.00.00E+000.00E+000.50o-Phosphatemg/L----3940.00.00.00.00.00.00.00E+000.00E+000.07Sulfatemg/L250-2960.00.00.00.00.00.00.00E+000.00E+002688.00OtherSilica7.60mg/L0.00.00.00.00E+000.00E+00pH7.54pH6.5-8.5111.002.88E-082.88E-112.88E-080.000.000.00E+008.00pOH6.46pOH-111.003.47E-073.47E-103.47E-070.030.000.00E+006.00Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)500mg/L5000.032000Total Suspended Solids (TSS)22.00mg/L---0.0Conductivity23.00uS/cm---0.054534.00Temperature11.75 C---0.020.001.45E-02Cations Equiv./L7.22E-03Anion Equiv/L7.21E-03Ratio Cation/Anion1.00Total Equiv/L0.014equiv/LAverage Equivalent Weight35.55g/equivTotal Ionic Strength0.007mole*charge2/LTotal Equiv/L (Valence >+1)0.000equiv/L6.32E-04Total TDS520Upper LimitIon Product for concentrate0.00E+001.90E-04Average MW35.82Total Moles/L1.45E-02moles/LNa0.48311109Total Moles/L (Valence >+1)5.24E-05moles/Laverage "-" charge0.98Mg0.054271319.3037average "+" charge1.15Ca0.00258103.4064activity coefficient0.044SO40.029082791.68Osmotic Pressure kPa39.90HCO30.00199121.39Anions Equiv./L - HCO3 & SO44.23E-03note: many of these values above did not include silica, don't know why, some were changed to incorp. Silica,C1Acidity313(Bicarbonate Alk, CO2, pH, pH as mg/L)Alkalinity296(Bicarbonate Alk, Carbonate Alk, pH, pH as mg/L)C2291(Alkalinity - Ca)

sdundorf:From 1978 ENR issue&A&LWater Treatment Cost Estimation Program&RPage &P

{h}CO2gProject NameDateStageModel Development06/07/04A1RO & NF INPUT95.957435.08536585377570Process InputConstruction Cost InputOperations & Maintenance Cost InputApplicable RangeApplicable RangeLower LimitUpper LimitLower LimitUpper LimitFlow & Water QualityMembrane & Unit ConfigurationMembrane Capacity342,666m3/day90,532,544gpdElectricity Rate0.07$/kWhPrimary Treatment Product Flow4795.5L/s76019gpmBypass35,834m3/day9,467,456gpdChemical CostsPlant Production Flow4380.8L/s69444gpmTotal Capacity378,500m3/day100,000,000gpdCitric Acid0.14$/kgFeed TDS500mg/LElement Productivity17m3/day4,496gpdH2PO423.7$/kgProduction TDS (target)50mg/LFlux0.46m3/(m2 * day)11.29gfdNaOH18$/kg 50%Some Example Membrane SpecificationsPercent of Mono-valent ions1.00DecimalNumber of Elements20,137.0elementsMembrane Life3YearsDate last checked:9/24/049/24/04Percent of Multi-valent ions0.00DecimalNumber of elements per vessel7elements / vesselAve Intrinsic Rejection0.996TypeNFNFAverage Molecular Weight35.82g/molNumber of Elements20139elementsAve Observed Rejection0.996Test SolutionMembrane ManufacturerFilmTecFilmTecHydranauticsKoch/Fluid SystemsKoch/Fluid SystemsKoch/Fluid SystemsDuPontRowpu SW30M-60408040 HSY SWCNF 90BW30Allow BlendingYYes (Y) or No (N)Number of Pressure Vessels2877for 2:1 arrayApparent Rejection0.996Site ConcentrateModel #BW30-400SW30-80408040LHYCPA2FS8822HR400 PremTFC-S4 (4920 S)TFC-SR2 8" (8723 SR2-400)6880T B-10 TwinRowpu SW30M-60408040 HSY SWCRecovery Rate0.85DecimalMax Vessels per Skid60vessels / skidProductivity23m3/moduleMembrane Diameter (cm)20.3220.3220.3220.3210.1620.3220.3215.2420.2Product TDS3mg/LNumber of Skids (manual input)skidsCleaning Rate6per YearProductivity (m3/day)402341.632.27.645.460.5823.5Product Flow3966.0L/s62870gpmNumber of Skids (automatic calc)48skidsStaff Days/day30Area per module (m2)3727.737.230.77.237.218104389.029.26NF/RO Feed Flow4665.9L/s73964gpmRecovery Rate0.85DecimalLabor Rate29.05$/hrOperating pressure, Papp (kPa)1550550015501550552380689055005500Concentrate TDS3317mg/LBuilding Area10934m2117692ft2Lifetime30YearsTest solution TDS200035000150020008502000350001900032000Concentrate Flow699.9L/s11095gpmAdministrative Area100m21076ft2Interest Rate6%Avg. MW of TDS,58.4458.4458.458.458.458.458.4458.4458.449099Bypass flow for blending414.75L/s6575gpmOdor Control?NYes (Y) or No (N)Chloride Rejection99.599.19999.7852099.19999.29599.5% blending9.5%Emergency Generatore Size0.7MWSulfate Rejection99.899.899.899.998.59799.89999.8Membrane Manufacturer SpecificationsHigh Pressure Feed PumpYYes (Y) or No (N)Recovery Rate15101510151535810Membrane ManufacturerFilmTecPump StylePD*PD, VST or CSSTemperature (oC)2525252525252525258" size8" sizeModel #BW30-400Height DIfference4m13.12ftMembrane Diameter20.32(10.16 or 20.32 cm)8.0inMotor Efficiency0.95Productivity23m3/day6.1kgal/dayPump Efficiency0.90DensitiesCostArea per module37m2398ft2Coupling Efficiency1.00Sufuric acid1.84g/mL0.11$/kgOperating pressure, Papp1550kPa225psiNumber of Pumps21Sodium Hydroxide2.13g/mLTest solution TDS1500mg/LDifferential Pressure1542kPa224psiAntiscalant1.3g/mLAvg. MW of TDS,58mg/mmole NaClCapacity per pump0.245m3/s3890gpmDisinfectant1g/mLChloride Rejection99.5%0.995decimalPipe X-Sectional Area0.098m2152.2in2H2PO41.7g/mLSulfate Rejection99.8%0.998decimalSize528.3hpRecovery Rate10%Energy Recovery for SeawaternYes (Y) or No (N)errorerrorHCl 37%0.14$/kgTemperature25oC77oFEfficiency0.60NaCl dissociation constant0.99Efficiency0.00This number is the efficiency of the energy recovery device - it reduces the size of the High Pressure pumpTransfer Pumps (to HPP)YYes (Y) or No (N)Cf, conc. of salt in feed water26mole/m3Pump StylecssVST or CSSCp, conc. of salt in product water0.13mole/m3Height DIfference2m6.56ftCr, conc. of salt in reject29mole/m3Motor Efficiency0.94Cm, bulk conc.27mole/m3Pump Efficiency0.75Osmotic pressure146kpa21psiCoupling Efficiency1.00Net driving pressure, NDPo1404kpa203.7533352179psiNumber Transfer Pumps20A, water transport coefficient4.64E-12m3m-2Pa-1sec-1Pressure Differential310kPa45.0psiOperating pressureCapacity per Pump0.258m3/s4085.0gpmNet driving pressure , NDPi1404kPa203.7533352179psiPipe X-Sectional Area0.103m21.11ft2Cf, conc. of salt in feed water14mole/m3Size163hpCp, conc. of salt in product water0.062mole/m3Product Water PumpYYes (Y) or No (N)Cr, conc. of salt in reject93mole/m3Pump StyleCSSVST or CSS3.0350.0Cm, conc. of53mole/m3Height DIfference2m6.56ftTemperature12oCLength of Pipe10m32.81ftTemperature Coefficient =1.023^(-25+T)0.740Motor Efficiency0.94Osmotic pressure, Posm138kpa20psiPump Efficiency0.75Applied pressure, Papp1542kPa224psiCoupling Efficiency1.00Number Pumps20Pressure Differential310kPa45.0psiCapacity per Pump0.219m3/s3472.2gpmPipe X-Sectional Area0.088m20.29ftSize139hp3.0350.0

&C&13&AWater Treatment Cost Estimation ProgramSaied Delagah:hp per skid

hp = (hg + 0.5v^2 + p) * (1 - Erec) * Qf * 1000 / (746 * Eeff) pp 11.4 eqn 11.9

h: Height Differencev: Velocity = Qf (capacity/flow rate)/pipe areap: Press. Diff bet. Tank and operating pressErec: Energy recovery Qf: Membrane feed flow m3/sEeff: Combine pump and motor eff.Saied Delagah:capacity per skid = flow rate per skid (based on user input)Saied Delagah:Ax = Q / v

Be sure X-section is adequate for the flow. Maintain velocity ~ 8.2 ft/secCSS = Centrifugal Single SpeedVST = Variable Speed Turbin= Net driving pressure (NDPo) from above unles specified otherwiseAlso used in "RO&NF Output"Steve Dundorf:=Operating Pressure (Papp) - Osmotic PressureSteve Dundorf:=[(NaCl Disocc conts) x 2 x 8.314 x (273.15 K + Temp) x (Cm - Cp) x (1 - Avg. Obs. Rejection)] / [(1 - Avg. Intrinsic Rejection)*1000)]Steve Dundorf:From Rejection sheet, last iteration in iteration table. Equals same value in table.sdundorf:Bypasssdundorf:checkedsdundorf:checkedsdundorf:checkedsdundorf:checkedsdundorf:checkedsdundorf:checkedsdundorf:checkedsdundorf:checkedsdundorf:checkedsdundorf:not listed in MFG infosdundorf:700 for chloride with >45% monovalentAND1000 MgSO4 for Sulfate rejectionsdundorf:not listed in MFG infosdundorf:10 - 30 rangeMichelle Chapman:from Pump to top of skid

{i}AcidProject NameDateStageModel Development06/07/04A1RO & NF OUTPUTEstimating Construction Costs for NF90 Membrane Treatment PlantEstimating O&M CostsMembranes$10,069,500@500$/moduleElectricity7,442,994RO Skids$20,542,736Steel@5,000$/VesselLabor2,544,780Building$17,124,107Housing@1,076$/m2$100/ft2Membrane Replacement3,988,841Electrical$5,634,062Manf & ElectWith Base of977$/m3Cleaning Chemicals261,376Insturmentation & Controls$4,843,764Manf & Electadd $300,000 for top of the line DAC65,000base costCartridge Filters1,695,709Repairs and Replacement435,421High Pressure Pumps$3,955,456Piping68,878,199kWhrInsurance174,169Energy Recovery for Seawater0.0Manf & ElectLab fees547,612Transfer Pumps$1,518,818Piping20,243,395kWhrTotal O&M Cost17,090,902Product Water Pumps$1,212,889Piping17,206,886kWhrOdor Control0.0Piping50,000base costTotal CostsProcess Piping$76,888Piping55,000base costYard Piping$67,117Piping50,000base costCapital Recovery$6,757,079Cartridge Filters$20,465Maint Materials15,000base costO&M$17,090,902Membrane Cleaning Equip$97,574Manf & Elect67,000From ReferenceContractor Engineering & Training$91,266Labor100,000base costConcentrate Treatment & Piping$806,912Piping13$/m3ConcentrateAnnual cost23,847,981Generators$73,271Electrical0.7MWRO & Building$/m3 Product$0.18$/1000 gal Product$0.69Sitework$7,144,179Electrical$14.53$/m3$/acre foot Product$224.12Total Direct Capital Costs$73,279,004Indirect Capital CostsInterest During Construction3,663,9505% of TotalContingencies4,379,0956% of TotalA&E Fees, Proj. Management8,756,84112% of TotalWorking Capital2,931,1604% of TotalTotal Indirect Captial Cost19,731,04627Total Construction Cost$93,010,050Cost per m3/day capacity$246Cost per gpd capacity$0.93ReferencesBased on "Estimating the Cost of Membrane (RO or NF) Water Treatment Plants" By William B. Suratt, P.E., Camp Dresser & McKee Inc. Vero Beach FloridaPresented at the AWWA Membrane Technology Conference, Reno, NV, 1995. also published as "Estimating the cost of membrane water treatment plants."AWWA Proceedings Membrane Technologies in the Water Industry. Orlando, Florida, March 10-13, 1991. pp631-647.

&AWater Treatment Cost Estimation ProgramMichelle Chapman:Size of Hp pump is reduced by the energy recovery. Therefore we do not calculate an additional savings in energy.Michelle Chapman:kWh = hp*# of pumps*0.746*hours

The efficiencies are used to calculate hp on the input page.

{j}IronCoagProject NameDateStageModel Development06/07/04A1Recarbonation BasinsNot currently being usedSingle Basin VolumeCost Category (ft3)77013752750563088001760035200Cost Category (m3)223978159249498997Excavation & Sitework5206209801,3901,7903,0505,570Concrete1,3801,8602,8204,0505,1908,57015,320Steel2,2503,0104,6706,5608,32013,96025,240Labor2,8303,8005,7308,09010,24016,74029,730Pipe & Valves901302504806801,3603,360Subtotal7,0709,42014,45020,57026,22043,68079,220Miscellaneous & contingency1,0601,4102,1703,0903,9306,55011,880Total8,13010,83016,62023,66030,15050,23091,100Percent of SubtotalAverageExcavation & Sitework0.070.070.070.070.070.070.070.07ENR Skilled Labor IndexConcrete0.200.200.200.200.200.200.190.20ENR Cement Cost ($/ton)Steel0.320.320.320.320.320.320.320.32ENR Steel Cost ($/cwt)Labor0.400.400.400.390.390.380.380.39ENR Labor Rate ($/hr)Pipe & Valves0.010.010.020.020.030.030.040.02ENR Materials IndexSubtotal1.001.001.001.001.001.001.00Miscellaneous & contingency0.150.150.150.150.150.150.150.15Total1.151.151.151.151.151.151.15Construction Cost for Liquid CO2 as CO2 SourceCost Category (Installed - lb/day)38075015003750750015000Cost Category (Installed - kg/day)173341682170534096818Manufactured Equipment27,00031,00035,25049,25073,000141,000Labor7,6508,78012,17017,33028,99058,010Pipe & Valves1,5302,3404,6208,71016,94037,540Housing7,3607,3607,3607,3608,4508,900Subtotal43,54049,48059,40082,650127,380245,450Micsellaneous & Contingency6,5307,4208,91012,40019,11036,820Total50,07056,90068,31095,050146,490282,270Percent of SubtotalAverageManufactured Equipment0.620.630.590.600.570.570.60ENR Construction Cost IndexLabor0.180.180.200.210.230.240.21ENR Labor Rate ($/hr)Pipe & Valves0.040.050.080.110.130.150.09ENR Materials IndexHousing0.170.150.120.090.070.040.11ENR Building Cost IndexSubtotalMicsellaneous & Contingency0.150.150.150.150.150.150.15Total1.151.151.151.151.151.151.15O&M Summary for Recarbonation - Liquid CO2 as CO2 sourceCost Category (Installed - lb/day)38075015003750750015000Cost Category (Installed - kg/day)173341682170534096818Energy kWhr/yr * $/kWhr5207281,1472,2904,4288,549Maintenance Material $/yr2,8603,3004,4005,5007,70010,000Labor Hr/yr * $/Hr9109109101,8201,8202,730Total Cost4,2904,9386,4579,61013,94821,279$/kWhr0.03$/hr Labor10AverageEnergy kWhr/yr * $/kWhr0.120.150.180.240.320.400.23Electricity Cost ($/kWhr)Maintenance Material $/yr0.670.670.680.570.550.470.60ENR Materials IndexLabor Hr/yr * $/Hr0.210.180.140.190.130.130.16ENR Labor Rate ($/hr)Total Cost1111111.00assuming from qasim

{j}IronCoag0000000

TotalVolume - Cubic Meters1979 $Construction Cost of Recarbonation Basins 1979 $$ = -6E-06x2 + 2.5753x + 7900.2R2 = 0.9981

{k}Alum000000

TotalInstalled Capacity (kg/day)Construction Cost 1978$Construction Cost of Recarbonation - Liquid CO2 as a CO2 source

{L}PACl000000

Total CostInstalled Capacity (kg/day)Construction Cost 1979$Operation & Maintenance of Recarbonation - Liquid CO2 as a CO2 source

{m}De-Cl2Project NameDateStageModel Development06/07/04A1Acid: Sulfuric & Hydrochloric AcidThis estimates the amount of acid addition which is depenedent on NF/RO feed flow rate.Capital Calculations96% H2SO437% HCLNF/RO Feed flow (peak day flow w/ OTF)(433.69)-433.69L/sec.(37.47)(37.47)m3/dayDose by mass7.0073.40mg/LDensity1.8411.600g/LPercent solution0.960.37decimalApplicable RangeDose by volume0.00400.1240mL/LLower LimitUpper LimitDose Rate by volume(0.1484)(4.6461)m3/day0.0420.0Limits (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure 30-32)1978 Capital Cost:%0.00.0Manufactured & Electrical Equipment0.70.00.0Housing0.070.00.0Excavation, Site Work & Labor0.160.00.0Piping and Valves0.070.00.0Steel00.00.0Concrete00.00.0November, 2006 Capital Cost $:1.000.00.0O&M Calculations96% H2SO437% HCLNF/RO Feed flow (average daily flow)4,665.934665.93L/sec.403.14403.14m3/dayDose by mass7.0073.40mg/LDensity1.8411.600g/LPercent solution0.960.37decimalDose by volume0.00400.1240mL/LDose Rate by volume1.596749.9858m3/dayAcid Cost ($/ton):12472O&M Cost:1,63014,7411978 Costs%Materials0.041361,227Today's CostsEnergy0.051901,720Labor0.914,17337,723Chemical Cost $/yr:146,7782,668,039November, 2006 O&M $:1.00151,2762,708,709Sulfuric Acid feedCapital CostGeneral Form: (A)*(XB) + CA=6010.6B=0.7934C=8180.0O&M CostGeneral Form: A*e(B*X) + CA=-42397.4B=-0.0068200000000000005C=43670.0Formula from Qasim, et al, Aug. 1992, AWWA

&AWater Treatment Cost Estimation Programsdundorf:for 96 - 98%sdundorf:IF (RO/NF bypass = Y)THEN (Plant Production flow - Bypass flow) / Recovery = Desal Feed flowIF NOT THEN (Plant Production flow) / Recovery = Desal Feed flowsdundorf:IF (RO/NF bypass = Y)THEN (Plant Production flow - Bypass flow) / Recovery = Desal Feed flowIF NOT THEN (Plant Production flow) / Recovery = Desal Feed flowsdundorf:for 96 - 98%

{n}CL2Project NameDateStageModel Development06/07/04A1Coagulant: Ferric Sulfate & Ferric ChlorideCapital CalculationsFe2(SO4)3-7H2OFeCl3 6H20UnitsNF/RO Feed flow (peak day flow w/ OTF)5454L/sec.46873074687307L/dayMolecular weight526.0270.2g/molBicarbonate Alkalinity:180180mg/L2.952.95mmoles/LAlternative dose0.00.0mg/LCalculated dose258.6265.7mg/LLower LimitUpper LimitBasis dose rate1,212.21,245.4kg/day14472000.0Limits (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure 39-41)Chemical Cost $/ton bulk$150$1,420Fe2(SO4)3-7H2OFeCl3 6H20Capital Cost:164,585168,1941978 Costs%Manufactured & Electrical Equipment0.72328,850336,061Today's CostsHousing0.2189,61191,576Excavation, Site Work & Labor0.029,94810,166Piping and Valves0.0517,12817,503Steel00.00.0Concrete00.00.0November, 2006 Capital Cost $:1.000445,537455,307O&M Cost:24,70425,2981978 Costs%Materials0.073,5993,686Today's CostsEnergy0.095,1885,313Labor0.8458,35759,761Ferric Sulfate Cost $/yr:73,206712,017November, 2006 Operation & Maintenance $:1.00140,350780,776Ferric Sulfate FeedCapital CostGeneral Form: A*X^B*e^(C*X)A =10613B =0.319C =0.000393O&M CostGeneral Form: A*e^(B*X)+CA =1260926B =0.00001394C =-1257710Source: Qasim, et al, Aug. 1992, AWWAAddition of Coagulants, Flocculants, and Lime Softening.Alum, Ferric hydroxide, and polymer are additives used to remove turbidity.Alum and ferric hydroxide are added in excess of their solubility, according toW.J. Weber, Jr., (Physicochemical Processes for Water Quality Control, co. 1972,John Wiley & Sons, Inc.) the dosage is roughly 10^-4 moles per liter in thepH range of 6-8 for alum, and 5-8 for ferric hydroxide. For each mole ferricor Aluminum sulfate added, 2 moles of hydroxide are formed.Polymer dosage is based on experiment. We will use an estimate of 0.1 mg/Lto develop a cost estimate.


{o}NHCLProject NameDateStageModel Development06/07/04A1Coagulant: Aluminum Sulfate (Alum) (Dry) Feed Cost CalculationsCapital CalculationsAl2(SO4)3-18H2OUnitsNF/RO Feed flow (peak day flow w/ OTF)54L/sec195m3/hr.Molecular weight of Alum666.41g/molCost $/100 lbs.15per 100 lbsBicarbonate Alkalinity180mg/L2.95mmoles/LAlternative dose0mg/LAlternative dose rate0kg/hrCalculated Alum Dose Rate (6 mmol/mmol HCO3)0.492mmoles/LCalculated dose328mg/LLower LimitUpper LimitCalculated dose rate64kg/hr.42300.0Limits (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure 16)Basis dose rate64kg/hr.Capital Cost:48,3351978 CostsConstruction Cost Equations (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure 16)%Manufactured & Electrical Equipment0.4661,701Today's CostsHousing0.033,760Excavation, Site Work & Labor0.045,843Piping and Valves0.4747,283Steel00.0Concrete00.0November, 2006 Capital Cost $:1.00118,587O&M Cost:4,7231978 CostsApplicable Range%Lower LimitUpper LimitMaterials0.171,671Today's Costs42300.0Limits (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure 16)Energy0.03331Labor0.810,625Alum Cost:185,535November, 2006 Operation & Maintenance $:1.00198,162Coagulant: Aluminum Sulfate (Alum) (Liquid) Feed Cost CalculationsCapital CalculationsUnitsLiquid Alum dose rate128kg/hr.O&M cost (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure 19,20)Multiplier between dry and liquid2Alternative dose0mg/LAlternative dose rate0kg/hr.Basis dose rate128kg/hr.Capital Cost:53,9961978 CostsApplicable Range%Lower LimitUpper LimitManufactured & Electrical Equipment0.71106,388Today's Costs42500.0Housing0.1541,375Construction Cost Equations (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure 16)Excavation, Site Work & Labor0.1215,005Piping and Valves0.02625Steel00.0Concrete00.0November, 2006 Capital Cost $:1.00163,393O&M CalculationsUnitsLiquid Alum dose rate128kg/hr.Multiplier between dry and liquid2Alternative dose0mg/LAlternative dose rate0kg/hr.Basis dose rate128kg/hr.O&M Cost:2,3761978 CostsO&M cost (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure 17,18)%Materials0.04198Today's CostsApplicable RangeEnergy0.59272Lower LimitUpper LimitLabor0.3728342500.0Alum Cost:371,069November, 2006 Operation & Maintenance $:1.00371,823Alum FeedCapital CostGeneral Form: A*X^(B)*e^(C*X)Dry FeedLiquid FeedA =12333.413223.3B =0.32050.285C =0.0005150.000377O&M CostGeneral Form: A*e^(B*X)+CDry FeedLiquid FeedA =1205293-6880.7B =0.000019433-0.000659C =-12020708700Addition of Coagulants, Flocculants, and Lime Softening.Alum, Ferric hydroxide, and polymer are additives used to remove turbidity.Alum and ferric hydroxide are added in excess of their solubility, according toW.J. Weber, Jr., (Physicochemical Processes for Water Quality Control, co. 1972,John Wiley & Sons, Inc.) the dosage is roughly 10^-4 moles per liter in thepH range of 6-8 for alum, and 5-8 for ferric hydroxide. For each mole ferricor Aluminum sulfate add, 2 moles of hydroxide are formed.


{p} OzoneProject NameDateStageModel Development06/07/04A1Coagulant: PolyAluminum Chloride (PACl) Feed Cost CalculationsCapital CalculationsAl6(OH)12Cl6UnitsPrimary Treatment Feed flow (peak day flow w/ OTF)46L/sec.166m3/hr.MW of PACL596.66g/molCost $/100 lbs.:80per 100 lbs.Alternative dose rate0mg/L0kg/hrBicarbonate Alkalinity:180mg/L2.95mmoles/LPACl Dose Rate98mg/LApplicable RangePACl Dose Rate (18:1 HCO3:PACl)0.164mmoles/LLower LimitUpper LimitCalculated dose rate16kg/hr.42300.0Basis dose rate16kg/hr.1978 Capital Cost:%30,3851978 CostsManufactured & Electrical Equipment0.4638,787Today's CostsHousing0.032,363Excavation, Site Work & Labor0.043,673Piping and Valves0.4729,723Steel00.0Concrete00.0November, 2006 Capital Cost $:1.0074,5471978 O&M Cost:%3,6031978 CostsMaterials0.171,275Today's CostsEnergy0.03252Labor0.88,107Alum Cost:251,020November, 2006 Operation & Maintenance $:1.00260,653Alum FeedCapital CostGeneral Form: A*X^(B)*e^(C*X)Dry FeedLiquid FeedA =12333.413223.3B =0.32050.285C =0.0005150.000377O&M CostGeneral Form: A*e^(B*X)+CDry FeedLiquid FeedA =1205293-6880.7B =0.000019433-0.000659C =-12020708700


{q}LimeFeedProject NameDateStageModel Development06/07/04A1Dechlorination: Sodium sulfite, Sodium bisulfite, Sulfer dioxide(not included here are: sodium thiosulfate, hydrogen peroxide, ammonia)mg/mg Chlorine (Cl2)NaHSO3Na2SO3SO2Chemical options:1.46NaHSO3Sodium bisulfiteaqueous at 24% SO20.9SO2Sulfur dioxideliquified gas in pressureized containersVolume Treated ():445,294m3/day0.9Na2SO3Sodium SulfiteFree Chlorine Level (mg/L)111mg/LSO2 + HClO + H2O -> H2SO4 + HClDefault Free Chlorine Level (mg/L)0.50.50.5mg/LNaHSO3 + HClO -> NaCl + H2SO4Calculated dose rate (mg/L)1.470.90.9mg/LApplicable RangeH2SO3 + NH2Cl + H2O -> NH4Cl + H2SO4Alternative dose rate (mg/L)000mg/LLower LimitUpper Limit1:1 Molar RatioMMBasis dose rate kg/day:654.6400.8400.8kg/day0.5100.01.47104.06Sodium bisulfiteWater Usage (totally dissolved)0.00.00.00.9064.06Sulfur dioxideCost $/ton:300300300$/ton0.89126.04Sodium Sulfite70.906ChlorineRelationship between ORP & Dose, see Membrane Manual 291978 Capital Cost:%922,114177,192177,192Manufactured & Electrical Equipment0.721,842,438354,039354,039Housing0.19454,24687,28787,287Excavation, Site Work & Labor0.04111,47421,42121,421Piping and Valves0.0119,1923,6883,688Steel00.00.00.0Concrete0.0472,14913,86413,864November, 2006 Capital Cost $:1.002,499,500480,299480,2991978 O&M Cost:%11,6336,8796,879Materials0.24460,61788,51188,511Energy0.1215,16041,34541,345Labor0.661,711,491328,877328,877Chemical Cost $/yr:75,07245,96345,963November, 2006 Operation & Maintenance $:1.002,462,340504,695504,695Polymer Feed - Yes I know - This is a place holder equiation. I need to find out how these chemical injection systems differ from polymer.Capital CostGeneral Form: A*e^(B*X)+CA =11760.71B =0.00665C =8200O&M CostGeneral Form: A*e^(B*X)A =3000.8B=0.00207


{r}AntiscalentProject NameDateStageModel Development06/07/04A1Disinfection: Chlorine Cost Estimation WorksheetUnitsAlternative UnitsProduction Flow4,380.79L/sec.Chromium (Cr 2+):0.00mg/L0.00E+00mMoles/LNickel (Ni 2+):0.00mg/L0.00E+00mMoles/LIron (Fe 2+):0.00mg/L0.00E+00mMoles/LManganese (Mn 2+):0.00mg/L0.00E+00mMoles/LTotal:0.00E+00mMoles/LDesired Residual2.50mg/L3.52E-02mMoles/LCl2 needed2.50mg/L3.52E-02mMoles/LApplicable RangeAlternative Dose0.00mg/LLower LimitUpper LimitBasis946.25kg/day44500.0Limits (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure 1-3)Cl2 Cost20per ton, tanks1978 Capital Cost:%137,974Manufactured & Electrical Equipment0.52199,102Housing0.38135,936Excavation, Site Work & Labor0.0625,019Piping and Valves0.0411,487Steel00.0Concrete00.0November, 2006 Capital Cost $:1.00371,5441978 O&M Cost:%27,196Materials0.1810,189Energy0.1811,422Labor0.6448,947Chemical Cost $/yr:7,234November, 2006 Operation & Maintenance $:1.0077,792Chlorine storage and feed with Cylinder storageCapital CostGeneral Form: A*X^B + CA=680.75B=0.763C=11010O&M CostGeneral Form: A*X^B+CA=47.6B=0.89C=6000Source: Qasim, et al, Aug. 1992, AWWAChlorine demand is usually found by experimentation, but in this case we willuse the concentration of reduced transition metal ions and nitrite to calculate a chlorine demand.The molar ratio is 1:2 for (Cl2 to +2 metal cation) and 1:1 for (Cl2 to NO2-)


{s}PolyElectrolyteProject NameDateStageModel Development06/07/04A1Disinfection: Chloramine Cost Estimation SpreadsheetData from water analysis.UnitsAlternative UnitsThe addition of Chlorine and Ammonia to water produces chloramines.Production Flow to be treated4380.79L/sec.Chloramines are the "combined chlorine residual." They are more persistentValue in $1000in the water lines than "free chlorine," which is HOCl, and OCl-.Chromium (Cr):0.00mg/L0.00E+00mMoles/LIf there is sufficient ammonia in the water already, it doesn't need to be added,CCO&MCCO&MCopper (Cu):0.00mg/L0.00E+00mMoles/Lof course. If not, chlorine and aqueous ammonia should be added at the molarVolume Treated (L/sec)20 mg/L Cl2+5 mg/L Ammonia10mg/L Cl2 +2.5 mg/L AmmoniaIron (Fe):0.00mg/L0.00E+00mMoles/Lratio of 1:1, Cl2:NH3(aq). We will use the moles of divalent metal ions2953384438Manganese (Mn):0.00mg/L0.00E+00mMoles/Land NO2- to calculate a chlorine demand. The molar ratio is 1:2 Cl2 to divalent585862405139cations, and 1:1 for Cl2:NO2-. The residual for Chloramines must be at least11711774436042Desired NH2Cl Residual3.00mg/L5.84E-02mMoles/L2 mg/L which translates to approximately .03 moles per liter at pH 7.17517583466645Cl2 needed/L:4.14mg/L5.84E-02mMoles/LApplicable Range23423491497248Ammonia Needed/L:0.99mg/L5.84E-02mMoles/LLower LimitUpper Limit29229298527751Calculated Cl2 Dose1568.49kg/day44500.0350350103558153Alternative Cl2 Dose2.15kg/dayLimits (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure 1-3)Chlorine storage and feed with Cylinder storage467467114618859Basis Cl2 Dose2.15kg/dayApplicable Range584584123679564Cl2 Cost $/ton:20per tonLower LimitUpper LimitGeneral Form: A*X^B + C8768761418210978Calculated Aqua Ammonia375.55kg/day1102300.0Capital Cost116811681579612092Alternative Aqua Ammonia757.00kg/dayLimits (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure 42-44)A=680.75Basis Ammonia kg/day:757.00kg/day1665.4lbs/dayB=0.763NH4OH Cost $/ton:200per tonC=11010Total Capital Cost$0O&M CostTotal O&M Cost$57,885A=47.6B=0.89C=6000Chlorine FeedSource: Qasim, et al, Aug. 1992, AWWA1978 Capital Cost:%12,230Manufactured & Electrical Equipment0.5216,489Anhydrous Ammonia FeedHousing0.3810,844same place and form.Excavation, Site Work & Labor0.062,036X=kg/day ammonia feed capacityPiping and Valves0.04957Steel00.0Capital Cost:Concrete00.0A*X^B*e^(C*X)November, 2006 Capital Cost $:1.0030,326A=3849.2B=mg/L1978 O&M Cost:%C=-0.000035Materials0.180.0Energy0.180.0O&M Cost:Labor0.640.0A*e^(B*X) +CChemical Cost $/yr:16A=-28063November, 2006 Operation & Maintenance $:1.0016B=-2.41E-04C=36160Ammonia Feed1978 Capital Cost:%0.0Manufactured & Electrical Equipment0.660.0Housing0.090.0Excavation, Site Work & Labor0.150.0Piping and Valves0.10.0Steel00.0Concrete00.0November, 2006 Capital Cost $:1.000.01978 O&M Cost:%12,776Materials0.40.0Energy0.060.0Labor0.540.0Ammonia Cost:57,869November, 2006 Operation & Maintenance $:1.0057,869

&C&13NHCLWater Treatment Cost Estimation Program

{s}PolyElectrolyte0000000000000000000000

20 mg/L Cl2+5 mg/L Ammonia10mg/L Cl2 +2.5 mg/L AmmoniaVolume Treated (L/sec)Cost (1999 $/1000)Construction Cost for Chloramine Disinfection at Different Dosage Rates

{t}KMnO40000000000000000000000

20 mg/L Cl2+5 mg/L Ammonia10mg/L Cl2 +2.5 mg/L AmmoniaVolume Treated (L/sec)Cost per Year(1999 $/1000)O&M Cost for Chloramine Disinfection at Different Dosage Rates

{v}ClearwellProject NameDateStageModel Development06/07/04A1Disinfection: OzoneUnitsAlternative UnitsProduction Flow to be treated4380.79L/sFlow Rate:262847L/min69444gpmOzone level required (typically 1-5 mg/L)1mg/LTotal ozone needed:378.50kg/day832.7lbs/dayContact time :2minContact chamber size:525.7m318565.4ft3Power (~26.5kWh per kg ozone):22067kWhTOTAL CONSTRUCTION COSTS:2,927,245TOTAL OPERATING COSTS:233,064Note: Ozone requirements (ozone demand) are based on water quality analysis outside of this programOzone Generator:Contact Chamber:Applicable RangeLower LimitUpper LimitOzone Requirements:378.50kg/day41800.0Limits (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure 11-13)1978 Capital Cost:%972,6741978 Capital Cost:%72,735Manufactured & Electrical Equipment0.812,186,391B) Manufactured Equipment0.000.0Housing0.0375,656H) Housing0.000.0Excavation, Site Work & Labor0.16470,344A) Excavation and Site Work0.50109,912Piping and Valves0.000.0F) Piping and Valves0.000.0Steel0.000.0D) Steel0.3157,911Concrete0.000.0C) Concrete0.1927,032November, 2006 Capital Cost $:1.002,732,391Capital Cost:1.00194,8551978 O&M Cost:%98,627Materials0.1122,580Energy0.77177,200Labor0.1233,283November, 2006 Operation & Maintenance $:1.00233,064Ozone Generation CostsOzone Contact Chamber CostsConstruction Costs:Construction Costs:General Form: A *X ^B*e^(C*X)General Form: A *X ^B+CA=18631.2A=1771.4B=0.674B=0.5967C=-0.000121C=1700O & M Costs:O&M Costs: NONEGeneral Form: A*X^B+CA=392.4B=0.919C=6800Source: Qasim, et al, Aug. 1992, AWWASource: Qasim, et al, Aug. 1992, AWWA

&AWater Treatment Cost Estimation Programmanual input in "Report"manual input in "Report"Minimum size is 1.05 m3

{w}GravityFiltProject NameDateStageModel Development06/07/04A1Softening: Lime and Soda AshMgCaHCO3+CO2Ca(OH)2Mg and Ca react with Alkalinity and Lime to precipitate CaCO3 and Mg(OH)2Ratio1143Volume Treated5154L/sec.Lime RequirementSoda Ash RequirementLimit0.00eq0.000.000.000.00Purity0.90.58mg/L0.00.00.00.0FROM WATER ANALYSISUnitsAlternative UnitsMgCaHCO3+CO2Ca(OH)2Remaining Mg or Ca react with remaining alkalinityCa (2+):2.1mg/L0.1mmoles/L0.0mg/LRatio1121Mg (2+):0.0mg/L0.0mmoles/L0.0mg/Leq0.000.055.940.00HCO3 (-):180.0mg/L3.0mmoles/L0.0mg/Lmg/L0.02.1362.10.0CO2 (2-):0.8mg/L0.0mmoles/L0.72mg/LExcess:5.0mg/LMgCaNa2CO3Ca(OH)2If Ca and/or Mg are in excess of Alkalinity, then add soda ashTotal6.4mg/L0.0mg/LRatio111*mg+1*Ca1*Mgvolume treated:18554m3/hr.eq0.0000.0000.0000.000Lime Dose:118mg/L0mg/Lmg/L0.00.00.00.0Lime Cost $/ton:60mg/LSoda Ash Cost $/ton:160per tonAlternative dosage rate Lime0.0kg/hr.Alternative dosage rate Soda0.0kg/hr.Applicable RangeLower LimitUpper LimitBasis Lime:117.8kg/hr44500.0Limits (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure 24-26)100Basis Soda:0.0kg/hr44500.00.09mol/m3100g/mol Calcium Carbonate1.8011.4g CaCO3 /m3 treated1978 Capital Cost:%88,61119g sludge/m3 treated assuming 30% solidsManufactured & Electrical Equipment0.7172,1318,493kg sludge per dayHousing0.2557,43518,684lbs sludge per dayExcavation, Site Work & Labor0.025,356Piping and Valves0.035,533Steel00.0Concrete00.0November, 2006 Capital Cost $:1.00240,4561978 O&M Cost:%15,124Materials0.061,889Energy0.093,176Labor0.8536,151Lime Cost:64,799November, 2006 Operation & Maintenance $:1.00106,016Updated fromEPA-600/2-79-162b, Aug. 1979Estimating Water Treatment CostsVolume 2pp 61-64Lime & Soda Ash FeedCapital CostGeneral Form = A + B(lnx)x = kg Lime/hrA=-24950.92B=20424.674Operating Cost:General Form = Ax^Bx = kg Lime/hrA=866.28504B=0.5143525


{x}UFSCCProject NameDateStageModel Development06/07/04A1Antiscalant: PolymerUnitsAlternative UnitsVolume Treated5,154L/sec.445,294m3/dayApplicable RangeAlternative dosage rate (default = 0.5 mg/L):0mg/LLower LimitUpper LimitBasis Polymer Feed222.6kg/day0.4100.0Limits (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure 21-23)American Water Chemicals $/500 lb.:500per 500 lbs.1978 Capital Cost:%59,895Manufactured & Electrical Equipment0.76126,323Housing0.1929,505Excavation, Site Work & Labor0.047,241Piping and Valves0.011,247Steel00.0Concrete00.0November, 2006 Capital Cost $:1.00164,3151978 O&M Cost:%4,758Materials0.1990Energy0.242,664Labor0.668,830AntiScalant Cost $/yr:170,232November, 2006 Operation & Maintenance $:1.00182,717Polymer FeedCapital CostGeneral Form: A*e^(B*X)+CA =11760.71B =0.00665C =8200O&M CostGeneral Form: A*e^(B*X)A =3000.8B=0.00207Source: Qasim, et al, Aug. 1992, AWWAAddition of Coagulants, Flocculants, and Lime Softening.Alum, Ferric hydroxide, and polymer are additives used to remove turbidity.Alum and ferric hydroxide are added in excess of their solubility, according toW.J. Weber, Jr., (Physicochemical Processes for Water Quality Control, co. 1972,John Wiley & Sons, Inc.) the dosage is roughly 10^-4 moles per liter in theor Aluminum sulfate add, 2 moles of hydroxide are formed.Polymer dosage is based on experiment. We will use an estimate of .1 mg/Lto develop a cost estimate.


{y}IX Project NameDateStageModel Development06/07/04A1Coagulant Aid: Poly-ElectrolyteUnitsAlternative UnitsVolume Treated5154L/sec.445,294m3/dayApplicable RangeAlternative dosage rate (default = 0.5 mg/L):0mg/LLower LimitUpper LimitBasis Polymer Feed222.6kg/day0.5100.0American Water Chemicals $/500 lb.:500per 500 lbs.1978 Capital Cost:%59,895Manufactured & Electrical Equipment0.76126,323Housing0.1929,505Excavation, Site Work & Labor0.047,241Piping and Valves0.011,247Steel00.0Concrete00.0November, 2006 Capital Cost $:1.00164,3151978 O&M Cost:%4,758Materials0.1990Energy0.242,664Labor0.668,830PolyElectrolyte Cost $/yr:170,232November, 2006 Operation & Maintenance $:1.00182,717Polymer FeedCapital CostGeneral Form: A*e^(B*X)+CA =11760.71B =0.00665C =8200O&M CostGeneral Form: A*e^(B*X)A =3000.8B=0.00207Addition of Coagulants, Flocculants, and Lime Softening.Alum, Ferric hydroxide, and polymer are additives used to remove turbidity.Alum and ferric hydroxide are added in excess of their solubility, according toW.J. Weber, Jr., (Physicochemical Processes for Water Quality Control, co. 1972,John Wiley & Sons, Inc.) the dosage is roughly 10^-4 moles per liter in theor Aluminum sulfate add, 2 moles of hydroxide are formed.Polymer dosage is based on experiment. We will use an estimate of .1 mg/Lto develop a cost estimate.


{z}MF-P inputProject NameDateStageModel Development06/07/04A1Oxidation: Potassium Permanganate1 - 200 MGD2500 gpd - 1 MGDApplicable RangeApplicable RangeUnitsAlternative UnitsAlternative UnitsLower LimitUpper LimitUnitsAlternative UnitsAlternative UnitsLower LimitUpper LimitFeed/Product Flow5154L/sec.445,294m3/day81,699gpd1,000,000200,000,000EPA-600/2-79-162bFeed/Product Flow5154L/sec.445,294m3/day81,699gpd25001000000.0EPA-600/2-79-162cMn 2+0.00mg/LMn 2+0.00mg/LFe 2+0.00mg/LFe 2+0.00mg/LCalculated KMnO4 Dose:0.000mg/LCalculated KMnO4 Dose:0.000mg/LAlternative dosage rate2mg/LAlternative dosage rate2mg/LBasis KMnO4890.6kg/day0.4220.0EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure 37-29Basis KMnO4890.6kg/day0.4220.0EPA-600/2-79-162c, figure 37-29)KMnO4 $/lb (hopper trucks):$1.9per lb.KMnO4 $/lb (hopper trucks):$1.9per lb.1978 Capital Cost:%35,2771978 Capital Cost:%6,400Manufactured & Electrical Equipment0.6664,612Manufactured & Electrical Equipment0.25163,680Housing0.1917,378Housing0.65625463,680Excavation, Site Work & Labor0.055,331Excavation, Site Work & Labor0.04687533,660Piping and Valves0.17,342Piping and Valves0.04687534,920Steel00.0Steel00.0Concrete00.0Concrete00.0November, 2006 Capital Cost $:1.0094,662November, 2006 Capital Cost $:1.00695,9401978 O&M Cost:%5,6001978 O&M Cost:%1,180Materials0.03350Materials4.2%5,920Energy0.05653Energy9.8%0.0Labor0.9214,488Labor85.6%106,959KMnO4 Cost $/yr:1,293,766KMnO4 Cost $/yr:0.0November, 2006 Operation & Maintenance $:1.001,309,257November, 2006 Operation & Maintenance $:1.00112,879Permanganate FeedPermanganate FeedCapital CostCapital CostGeneral Form: A*X^B*e^(C*X)General Form: A*X^B*e^(C*X)A =9681.7A =$6,400B =0.0304B =0C =0.00122C =0O&M CostO&M CostGeneral Form: A*e^(B*X)+CGeneral Form: A*e^(B*X)+CA =-2125.9A =$1,180B=-0.01689B=0C=5600C=0Source: Qasim, et al, Aug. 1992, AWWAEPAAssumptions- 97% pure- on-site mixing


{aa}MF-P outputProject NameDateStageModel Development06/07/04A1ClearwellConstruction cost for clear well storageBelow Ground (concrete)Ground Level (steel)Storage Capacity15852kgalStorage Capacity14531kgal60000m355000m3Storage Capacity (m3)Below Ground CCStorage Capacity (m3)Ground Level CC100$92100$661978 Capital Cost:%3,169,9271978 Capital Cost:%1,628,817200$111200$90Manufactured & Electrical Equipment0.02175,936Manufactured & Electrical Equipment0.68913,114,799500$168500$158Housing0.131,068,429Housing0.13548,995800$225800$182Excavation, Site Work & Labor0.31733,039,822Excavation, Site Work & Labor0.0149,2271000$2631000$197Piping and Valves00.0Piping and Valves0.07066239,5461200$3011200$213Steel0.27532,241,342Steel0.044184,068Concrete0.256951,593,252Concrete0.0569181,289November, 2006 Capital Cost:1.008,118,781November, 2006 Capital Cost:1.004,317,924November, 2006 Unit Cost ($/kgal)$512November, 2006 Unit Cost ($/kgal)$297Data from EPA-600/2-79-162b, August 1979, pg453-454. They are used in determining cost formula.


{aa}MF-P output0000000000000000

Below Ground CCCapacity (m3)Construction Cost (1999 in $1000)Construction Cost for Clearwell Below Ground Storage

{bb}Rejection00000000000000

Ground Level CCCapacity (m3)Construction Cost (1999 in $1000)Construction Cost for Clearwell Ground Level Storage

{cc}ConcOutfallProject NameDateStageModel Development06/07/04A1Filtration: Gravity Media FilterGravity FilterUnitsAlternative UnitsBackwashing PumpGravity Filter StructureDesired Flow Rate5153.87L/s81721gpmWhat is relationship of BW pump to filter area for min and max calcsActualApplicable RangeActualApplicable RangeTemperature53.15oFLower LimitUpper LimitLower LimitUpper LimitTotal Suspended Solids22.0mg/LFilter area (m2):2,120.45132600.0Filter area (m2):2,120.45132600.050924Wash Cycle24hrLimits (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure 67-69)1001403TSS Density35g/L*2002149Media Depth1.2m1.31yd1978 Capital Cost:%2,150,5361978 Capital Cost:%4,625,1903002775Maximum Media Capacity110L-TSS/m3*Manufactured & Electrical Equipment0.694,117,857Manufactured & Electrical Equipment0.263,337,1714003343Required Media Volume2,544.54m33328.26yd3Housing00.0Housing0.182,158,5156004389Calculated Bed Area:2,120.45m24156.08yd2Excavation, Site Work & Labor0.07454,960Excavation, Site Work & Labor0.223,075,2558005374Alternative Bed Area:0.00m20.00yd2Piping and Valves0.241,074,241Piping and Valves0.232,214,12010006333Tank Depth1.56m1.7ydSteel00.0Steel0.05593,95312007286Backwash rate13.93gpm/ft2Concrete00.0Concrete0.06542,83514008244Backwash duration6min.November, 2006 Capital Cost $:1.005,647,058November, 2006 Capital Cost $:1.0011,921,84916009215Backwash frequencytimes per day180010204Loading Rate2.2gpm/sqft1978 O&M Cost:%25,1051978 O&M Cost:%262,655200011217Materials0.2412,540Materials0.1265,601230012790Media Cost DeliveredEnergy0.5230,460Energy0.36220,630260014436$/yd3 Sand540699$/m3Labor0.2416,944Labor0.52384,092280015579$/yd3 Coal540699$/m3November, 2006 Operation & Maintenance $:1.0059,945November, 2006 Operation & Maintenance $:1.00670,324$/yd3 Greensand1,6202,098$/m3$/yd3 Garnet1,2151,573$/m3Backwash Pumping CostsGravity Filter Structure CostsConstruction Costs:Construction Costs:TOTAL CONSTRUCTION COSTS:17,568,907General Form: A + B*X + C*X^2General Form: A *X^B*e^(CX)Rapid Sand:1,797,258A=36000A=35483.4Coal/ Sand:1,797,258B=1254.21B=0.591Coal/ Sand/ Garnet:2,546,115C=-0.1212C=0.000162Sand/Greensand/Coal2,995,430TOTAL OPERATING COSTS:730,268O & M Costs:O & M Costs:Media costs assume equal parts of each type.General Form: A*X^B+CGeneral Form: A*X^B+CA=73.3A=359.5*Media capacity based on information in 'Water Treatment and Plant Design',B=0.75B=0.8568R.L. Sanks, Co: 1978, Ann Arbor Science Publishers, Inc.C=2200C=8100Construction cost is 100% Manufactured EquipmentSource: Qasim, et al, Aug. 1992, AWWASource: Qasim, et al, Aug. 1992, AWWAO&M costs are included with the structure.Backwashing ratesGeneral Form: Y = mx+by = 0.186x + 4.0465US Filter design (Quinault project)Temp range: 32 to 75 FCorresponding backwash range: 10 to 18 gpm/ft2Corresponding backwash out side of range stays at either 10 or 18 gpm/ft2

&AWater Treatment Cost Estimation Programsdundorf:Need to check with text books or other sources

{cc}ConcOutfall0000000000000000

{dd}IonicsEDProject NameDateStageModel Development06/07/04A1Upflow Solids Contact Clarifier (UFSCC)UnitsAlternative UnitsProduction Flow to be treated4380.79L/sec69444gpmRetention Time180min.Assumed Depth = 4.8 m4.8mCalculated Settling Area9856.8m2Alternative settling Area0m2Basis:9856.8m21978 Construction Cost%2,921,679Manufactured & Electrical Equipment0.5164,183,673Housing00.0Excavation, Site Work & Labor0.2932,587,194Piping and Valves00.0Steel0.11825,425Concrete0.081462,918November, 2006 Capital Cost $:8,059,211%G=70%G=110%G=1501978 O&M Cost:58,32592,595128,007Materials0.1720,6370.1426,9810.1129,307Energy0.2331,3010.3882,1010.5149,342Labor0.698,4130.48124,9890.39140,393November, 2006 Operation & Maintenance $:150,352234,071319,042Construction Cost Equations (From EPA-600/2-79-162b, figure 63)$ = a+b*xab400 m2132264.71244.33215O&M Cost (From EPA-600/2-79-162b figure 63 & 64)$=a+b*xabG = 705967.95195.3118202G = 1105806.57448.80491G = 1505939.824512.384121


{ee}ED2Project NameDateStageModel Development06/07/04A1Ion ExchangeRegeneration/Backwashing PumpActualApplicable RangeLower LimitUpper LimitProduction Flow to be treated4380.79L/sFilter area (m2):49.61132600.0Equiv/L , CATION >+11.05E-04equiv/LApplicable RangeEquiv/L , ANION7.21E-03equiv/LLower LimitUpper LimitService Flow Rate :20L/(hr*L resin)1640.01978 Capital Cost:%97,922Cation Equivalents/Liter of Resin20equiv/LManufactured & Electrical Equipment0.69187,501Anion Equivalents/Liter of Resin11equiv/LHousing0.000.0Desired Run Cycle:1daysExcavation, Site Work & Labor0.0720,716Piping and Valves0.2448,914Medium:CationAnionSteel0.000.0Min Volume:788.5788.5m3Concrete0.000.0Time until exhaustion of min volume:397.63.2daysNovember, 2006 Capital Cost $:1.00257,131Resin for desired Run Cycle:788.54788.54m3Resin Expansion Coefficient221978 O&M Cost:%3,570Total Vessel Volume1,5771,577m3Materials0.241,783Nominal Resin Price $/m3$1,607$6,250Energy0.524,332Resin Cost:1,267,2994,928,385Labor0.242,410November, 2006 Operation & Maintenance $:1.008,525Vessel:Aspect ratio:4height/diaBed area :49.61m2Base pressure vessel correlation:Total Construction Cost:%2,208,278Resin w/ Tank & Regeneration TankNumber of Vessels (Reality check)Height is 31.8 mManufactured & Electrical Equipment0.571,845,612(446 kPa/ 50 psig)b=3.446Housing0.0131,839log($) = b + m*log(m^3)m=0.562Excavation, Site Work & Labor0.0386,053Cost factor for operating pressure:2Piping and Valves0.431,118,253Tank cost at base pressure:174,786Steel0.000.0TOTAL TANK COST:349,572Concrete0.000.0November, 2006 Capital Cost $:1.043,081,756Regeneration (with NaCl)UnitsAlternative Units1978 O&M Cost:%820,280Mass of NaCl /vol of resin:150kg/m39lb/ft3Materials0.24233,956NaCl required:236,563kg521,526lbEnergy0.52426,546Chemical cost per kg NaCl:$0.02per kg$0.01per lb.Labor0.24179,673TOTAL CHEMICAL COST PER YEAR:820,280November, 2006 Operation & Maintenance $:1.00840,175Chemical concentration:10percentRegeneration fluid req'd :2,366m3625kgalSTORAGE TANK COST:591,406UnitsAlternative Units80,000 gallon319,000.00Pumping100,000 gallon333,000.00Height DIfference32m104.3ftPipe Diameter0.51m1.7ftLength of Pipe10m32.8ftEfficiency78Number Transfer Pumps1Pressure Differential200kPa29.0psiCapacity per Pump5.154m3/s81,699gpmSize6512.9hpBackwash Pumping CostsConstruction Costs:General Form: A + B*X + C*X^2A=36000B=1254.21C=-0.1212O & M Costs:General Form: A*X^0.75 + BA=73.300B=2200.0Source: Qasim, et al, Aug. 1992, AWWA


{ff}PumpsProject NameDateStageModel Development06/07/04A1MF Input (Pressurized MF)Applicable RangeProcess inputUnitsAlternative UnitsAlternative UnitsLower LimitUpper LimitProcess Flow CalculationUnitsAlternative UnitsTotal Recovery:0.99Design MF product flow rate99,989,169gpdFeed flow4380.3L/s69430gpmDesign MF product flow rate100.0MGD0.01Product flow4351.1L/s68966gpmMF BackwashDesign MF product flow rate69437gpmBackwash908.4L/hr4gpm4.00gal/minDesign MF product flow rate4380L/s378,459,004L/dayRecovery rate99.3%MF ProductDesign MF product flow rate378,459m3/dayFeed pump horsepower1519hpMF FeedFeed pump (kwh)9,429,856kwh69430gpm68966gpmPlant availability (%)95%Backflush (kwh)62,866kwhMembrane Module equipment cost211,50090M10CNumber of Modules103Cost per membrane$650Number of Membranes9270modular system flow rate675gpm42.6L/s0.972MGDBuilding Area49995ft24645m2MicrofiltrationFlow per module7.5gpmNo. membranes per module90Pump efficiency80%Motor efficiency93%Design feed pressure30psi207kpaBackflush pressure29psi200kpa576Backwash Flow600gpm37.9L/sBackwash intervals15minutes900second0.0104daysBackwash and backflush duration0.1minutes6second0.0001daysOperations & Maintenance Cost InputElectricity Rate0.07$/kWhSodium Hypochlorite Cost0.43$/LDesign dosage200mg/LSpecific gravity (NaOCl)1.168Solution concentration12%Membrane Life10YearsStaff Days/day3Labor Rate (salary and benefits)29.05$/hrAmortization time30YearsInterest Rate6%

&AWater Treatment Cost Estimation Program5 MGD Microfiltration plant has 6 staffUS Filter - Memcor Model 90M10CMemcor literature

{hh}S&DSIProject NameDateStageModel Development06/07/04A1MF OutputO&M Cost EstimationDirect Capital CostsMembrane Modules$21,784,500@211500$ eachElectricity$664,491Membrane$6,025,500@650$ eachLabor$254,000Building$4,999,464@100$/ft21076$/m2Chemicals (Sodium Hypochlorite)$215,000Installation$7,210,000@70000$/90M10CMembrane Replacement$603,000Miscellaneous$1,089,2255% of Module CostCleaning Chemicals(NaOCl)$43,000Plant interconnecting piping$1,143,6865% of Module and misc.Repairs and Replacement and Misc.$891,000Engineering$2,287,37310% of Module and misc.Total O & M Cost$2,670,491Total Direct Capital Costs$44,539,748Indirect Capital CostsInterest During Construction$2,672,0006% of Total directContingencies$8,908,00020% of Total directA&E Fees, Proj. Management$4,454,00010% of Total directWorking Capital$1,782,0004% of Total directTotal Indirect Captial Cost$17,816,000Total Construction Cost$62,355,748Total costsCost per gpd capacity$0.62Capital Recovery$4,530,000O&M2,670,491Annual cost$7,200,491$/m3 Product$0.055$/1000 gal Product$0.21Change to reflect more accurate costs$/acre foot Product$68Look in M41AWWA San Antonio Conf Proceedings

{ii}LSIProject NameDateStageModel Development06/07/04A1RejectionManufacturer'sSiteReferencesPure water permeability (m3/s)2.66E-043.97E+00Feed Flow (m3/s)2.66E-033.97E+01Transmembrane pressure (Pa)1,550,0001,404,096Area (m2)37551245Channel height dh(m)1.00E-051.00E-05Cf (mol/m3)25.6813.96Density (kg/m3)10001000Viscosity (Pa s)0.0010.001a (Pa m3mol-1)49084908Diffusivity of NaCl (m2/s)1.20E-091.20E-09Calculated paramters determined by configuration and operating conditionsJv (m/s) 1st pass7.19E-067.19E-06APv/tm (m3m-2s-1Pa-1)4.64E-125.12E-12AAverage Uc (m/s)1.44E+011.44E+01ASchmidt Number838838AReynolds Number143143Aa0.8750.875Bb0.2500.250Bc0.0650.065Bk (m/s) for laminar flow in flat channel3.23E-033.23E-03A and BIterations neccessary for model convergence (pp 9.13 item 8, reference A)Solving the design equations1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950Jv/k0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00Recovery0.10000.09100.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.0911Intrinsic Rejection Ro0.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.9960.996Appartent Rejection Ra0.99550.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.9956Cw (mol/L)28.58952.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+012.83E+01Cp (mol/L)0.11441.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-011.13E-01Cr (mol/L)28.526128.244428.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.247228.2472Jv Theoretical (m3m-2s)6.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-066.55E-06Exp (Jv/k)1.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.00Solving Design Equations for Site ConditionsJv/k0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00Recovery0.10000.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.09110.0911Intrinsic Rejection Ro0.9969.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-019.96E-01Appartent Rejection Ra0.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.99560.995

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