Slide 2 Slide 3 Slide 4 Slide 5 Slide 6 Slide 7 Water Molecule
Slide 8 Like repels push apart Opposite attracts come together
Magnet like charges repel; unlike (opposite) charges attract
Electrically charged particles are polar Slide 9 Polarity Oxygen -
negative Hydrogen - positive Magnet like charges repel; unlike
(opposite) charges attract Electrically charged particles are polar
Water is a polar molecule Slide 10 Slide 11 Water is a Polar
Molecule The polar nature of water molecules causes the molecules
to attract each other. Like weak magnets, a positive pole
(hydrogen) on each water molelcule attracts the negative pole
(oxygen) This attraction causes molecules to form temporary bonds.
These bonds form and break easily, and help water to stick
together. Slide 12 Water being a Polar Molecule causes it to have
many unique properties. Slide 13 Surface Tension Slide 14 A force
that causes the tightness across the surface of water Caused by
polar molecules Examples water strider walking on water raindrops
beading on car windshield Slide 15 Adhesion is the attractive force
between two different substances that are in contact with each
other. Because of their shape, water molecules are attracted to
other substances - Ex: Band-Aids Ex: Drops of water left on your
skin after a swim Slide 16 . Cohesion - the force that holds
molecules of a single material together Because of their shape
water molecules are attracted to one another. Water forms drops
because of cohesion. Cohesion is responsible for clouds forming in
the atmosphere (drops attract drops) Slide 17 We see evidence of
adhesion and cohesion and surface tension every day. Heres an
example. Slide 18 Slide 19 Capillary Action The movement of water
within the spaces of a porous material due to the forces of
adhesion, cohesion and surface tension Slide 20 Capillary Action in
the Real World Slide 21 Capillary Action Slide 22 Slide 23
Molecules in Motion Candy roll it around Molecules in motion
Dissolving Solute Solvent Solution Leads us to another Property of
Water Slide 24 Universal Solvent Solute the dissolved substance
Candy Solvent liquid capable of dissolving - Saliva Solution a
substance dissolved in water the substance after the candy has
dissolved with your saliva Water is called the Universal Solvent
because it can dissolve more substances than any other known
substance. Most substances dissolve in WATER Slide 25 Slide 26
Water Changes States Evaporation Condensation Slide 27 Slide 28
Density the amount of mass per volume in a given substance D=m/v
Different of Different Substances Density of water is 1g/cm 3 Ice
0.92g/cm 3 Oil 0.8 g/cm 3 Aluminum 2.7 g/cm 3 Iron 7.87 g/cm 3
Glass 2.6 g/cm 3 Oak (wood) 0.7 g/cm 3 Dogwood 0.75 g/cm 3 Slide 29
Why Ice Floats 1. When water cools, the molecules line up in a grid
like crystal structure 2. The molecules take up more space as ice
than it did in liquid form Therefore, ice is less dense than liquid
water Density of water is 1g/cm 3 It has buoyancy - the ability to
float Slide 30 Picture of Gridlock Structure that enables ICE to
float. Slide 31 Ice Floating Important for fish and other organisms
that live in water. WHY? When lakes and ponds freeze in winter, the
ice stays at the top. The fish are able to live in the water below
the ice and find food on the bottom of the lake. If ice acted as
most substances do when they freeze, the ice would sink to the
bottom of the lake as it formed. Oh no!! What would happen to the
TURTLES!! Slide 32 Review: Density of Water Density of water =
1g/cm 3 Water becomes less dense when it becomes a solid. Reason:
Due to the water molecules grid-like structure; ice is less dense
than water **Water is actually most dense at 4 0 C Slide 33 If the
buoyant force is greater than or equal to the weight of the object,
than it will float Slide 34 Specific Heat - continued Water
requires a lot of heat to increase its temperature Water has a high
specific heat due to the many attractions among water molecules
Effect: Land has less dramatic temperature changes Air is warmer
inland than on the coast Water remains warm and keeps the air above
it warmer than the air over the cold land Slide 35 Water and Land -
different temperatures because of Specific Heat Slide 36 Specific
Heat Another Property of Water The amount of heat needed to raise
the temperature of one gram of a substance by one degree Celsius.
Substance Gold Silver Iron Air Wood Olive Oil Water Specific Heat
(cal/g C). 03.06.11.24.44.47 1.0 Slide 37 Properties of Water Many
are due to its Polar Structure One Negative Oxygen atom + 2
Positive Hydrogen atoms = Surface Tension Adhesion cohesion
capillary action Universal solvent Ice floats Condensation
Evaporation Specific Heat Density of water 1g/cm 3 H2OH2O Slide 38
Standardized Test Practice Question 1 A water molecule is composed
of which of the following ? A. one hydrogen atom and an oxygen atom
B. one hydrogen atom and two oxygen atoms C. three oxygen atoms and
one hydrogen atom D. two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom NC:
3.01 Slide 39 Standardized Test Practice The answer is D. Water is
composed of two hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom. It is
called a polar molecule NC: 3.01 Slide 40 Question 2. Water has a
________ and ________ end making it a polar molecule. Because of
its polarity, water can dissolve other substances. Because of the
polarity of the water molecule, ice will _______ on water. NC: 3.01
positive negative float Slide 41 Question 3 What property of water
causes water to stick to other water molecules? NC: 3.01 Slide 42
Cohesion is the attraction between water molecules. It helps keep
water liquid at room temperature and allows water to form into
drops. NC: 3.01 Slide 43 Standardized Test Practice Question 4
During which process does water cycle from Earths surface to the
atmosphere? A. condensation B. evaporation C. infiltration D.
precipitation Slide 44 Standardized Test Practice The answer is B.
Water evaporates from Earths surface and enters the atmosphere as
water vapor. Slide 45 Standardized Test Practice Question 5 The
attraction between water molecules is called ________. A. aquifer
B. cohesion C. density D. specific heat NC: 3.01 Slide 46
Standardized Test Practice The answer is B. Cohesion is the
attraction between water molecules that allows water to form
droplets. NC: 3.01 Slide 47 Know more than just the definition.
Understand how to apply the term! Properties of Water Polar
Molecule Cohesion Adhesion Capillary Action Universal Solvent Why
ice floats Density of water Buoyancy Specific Heat Slide 48 Slide
49 Slide 50 Penny Predictions Independent Variable- The part of the
experiment that you changed. Dependent Variable - The part of the
experiment that changed as a result of what you changed. Controlled
Variables: What stayed the same? Slide 51 Penny Predictions What
caused the water drops to be different (greater) than your
predictions? (3or 4 reasons) If you had made the first prediction
(penny) and then tested it, would you have been able to more
accurately predict how many drops a nickel would hold? Is there a
property of water that would explain the coins being able to hold
so many drops? Slide 52 COACH properties of water Textbook has some
information Textbook 141- universal solvent 139 - density 140 polar
water molecule 140- cohesion 153 - water cycle 151 aquifer 142 -
specific heat151 - groundwater Slide 53 Slide 54 Know more than
just the definition. Understand how to apply the term! Structure of
the Hydrosphere Water Cycle Groundwater Distribution of Water
Reservoirs Hydrosphere River Basins Salinity Properties of Water
Polar Molecule Cohesion Adhesion Capillary Action Universal Solvent
Why ice floats Density of water Buoyancy Specific Heat
