Watershed & Water Quality Modeling Technical Support Center WASP7 Course Dissolved Oxygen Processes Processes and Equations Implemented in WASP7 Eutrophication

WASP7 Course

Watershed & Water Quality Modeling Technical Support CenterWatershed & Water Quality Modeling Technical Support Center

Dissolved Oxygen ProcessesDissolved Oxygen Processes

Processes and Equations Processes and Equations Implemented in WASP7 Implemented in WASP7 Eutrophication ModuleEutrophication Module


WASP7 Course

Eutrophication - DO InteractionsEutrophication - DO Interactions


WASP7 Course

ReaereationReaereation

CBODCBOD11CBODCBOD11



PhytoplanktonPhytoplanktonPhytoplanktonPhytoplankton PeriphytonPeriphytonPeriphytonPeriphyton

DissolvedDissolvedOxygenOxygenDissolvedDissolvedOxygenOxygen

SedimentSedimentOxygenOxygenDemandDemand

SedimentSedimentOxygenOxygenDemandDemand

DetritusDetritusDetritusDetritusDeathDeath

Dis

solu

tio

nD

isso

luti

on Photosynthesis and RespirationPhotosynthesis and Respiration

Organic DecayOrganic Decay

DO Balance Processes DO Balance Processes


WASP7 Course

Streeter-Phelps with SODStreeter-Phelps with SOD

DODODODO BODBOD11BODBOD11

COCO22

ReaerationReaeration

Settling and Deposition of Settling and Deposition of Organic MatterOrganic Matter

Sediment Oxygen Sediment Oxygen DemandDemand

Carbonaceous Carbonaceous DeoxygenationDeoxygenation

Sediment


WASP7 Course

DetritusDetritusDetritusDetritus

CBOD1

CBOD2

CBOD3

Boundaries & Loads

PhytoplanktonDeath * Carbon Content

PeriphytonDeath * Carbon Content

Fraction * Detritus Dissolution

SourcesSources SinksSinks

User Specifies

User Specifies

Model CalculatedModel Calculated

Dissolution = Dissolution Rate * Theta ** Temp – 20 Dissolution = Dissolution Rate * Theta ** Temp – 20 °°


WASP7 Course

Sources & SinksSources & Sinks


WASP7 Course

BOD in WASPBOD in WASP

• Best to convert BOD to Ultimate BOD Best to convert BOD to Ultimate BOD ValuesValues

• Three BOD ClassesThree BOD Classes– Fast, Medium, Slow (Labile to Refractory)– Biotic (Algae/Benthic Algae), Abiotic, WWTP– Varying Decay, F Ratios based on Sources


WASP7 Course

BOD1BOD1BOD1BOD1

BOD2BOD2BOD2BOD2

BOD3BOD3BOD3BOD3

PhytoplanktonPhytoplanktonDeath * Carbon ContentDeath * Carbon Content

PeriphytonPeriphytonDeath * Carbon ContentDeath * Carbon Content

Boundaries & LoadsBoundaries & Loads

DODODODO

BOD Decay * Theta **BOD Decay * Theta ** T-20T-20


WASP7 Course

CBODCBOD


WASP7 Course

Model Parameters for BODModel Parameters for BOD


WASP7 Course

Sediment Oxygen DemandSediment Oxygen Demand


WASP7 Course

Simulated SODSimulated SOD

G1

G2

G3

DissolvedParticulate

Reaction Products


Reaction Products

Dissolved Constituent

Particulate Organic Matter

Products

ProductsReactions

Surface Exchange

Sedimentation

Diagenesis

Sedimentation

Sedimentation

Reactions

Mixing Diffusion

Net Settling

Lay

er 2

Lay

er 1

Wat

er C

olu

mn

G1

G2

G3


Reaction Products


Reaction Products

Dissolved ConstituentDissolved Constituent

Particulate Organic MatterParticulate Organic Matter

ProductsProducts

ProductsProductsReactions

Surface Exchange

Sedimentation

Diagenesis

Sedimentation

Sedimentation

Reactions

Mixing Diffusion

Net Settling

Lay

er 2

Lay

er 1

Wat

er C

olu

mn

Lay

er 2

Lay

er 1

Wat

er C

olu

mn


WASP7 Course



WASP7 Course

Reaeration OptionsReaeration Options

• Global Reaeration Global Reaeration

• Segment Specific Reaeration Segment Specific Reaeration

• User DefinedUser Defined– User Selections

• Covar’s MethodCovar’s Method

• Dam Reaeration Dam Reaeration This options sets the rate for the whole networkUser Specifies which EquationSetting to Zero WASP Selects

This Sets Rate for SegmentSpecify Dam Characteristics


WASP7 Course

Reaeration OptionsReaeration Options

• Rivers & StreamsRivers & Streams– O’Connor-Dobbins

– Churchill

– Owens

0.5

1.53.93a

Uk

H

1.675.026a

Uk

H

0.67

1.855.32a

Uk

H

U (mps)

H (m)

Ka (per day)


WASP7 Course

Reaeration CoefficientsReaeration Coefficients


WASP7 Course

Dam ReaerationDam Reaeration

Where:r = ratio of deficit above and below the damH = difference in water elevation (meters)T = water temperature (°C)a = water quality coefficientb = dam-type coefficient

(Chapra, 1997)


WASP7 Course

Dam ReaerationDam Reaeration

Polluted StatePolluted State AA

GrossGross 0.650.65

ModerateModerate 1.01.0

SlightSlight 1.61.6

CleanClean 1.81.8

Water Quality Coefficient

Dam TypeDam Type bb

Flat broad-crested regular stepFlat broad-crested regular step 0.700.70

Flat broad-crested irregular stepFlat broad-crested irregular step 0.800.80

Flat broad-crested vertical faceFlat broad-crested vertical face 0.600.60

Flat broad-crested straight-slope face Flat broad-crested straight-slope face 0.750.75

Flat broad-crested curved faceFlat broad-crested curved face 0.450.45

Round broad-crested curved faceRound broad-crested curved face 0.750.75

Sharp-crested straight slope faceSharp-crested straight slope face 1.001.00

Sharp crested vertical faceSharp crested vertical face 0.800.80

Sluice gatesSluice gates 0.050.05

Dam Type Coefficients


WASP7 Course

Wind Driven ReaerationWind Driven Reaeration

10 Meters Above 10 Meters Above Water SurfaceWater Surface

Wind Speed m/sec (Time Function)Wind Speed m/sec (Time Function)

Air Temperature Air Temperature °C (Time Function)°C (Time Function)

Water Temperature Water Temperature °C (Segment Parameter and/or Time Function)°C (Segment Parameter and/or Time Function)Simulated by Hydrodynamic ModelSimulated by Hydrodynamic Model

Jour. of Env Eng, Vol. 109, NO.3, PP.731-752,Jour. of Env Eng, Vol. 109, NO.3, PP.731-752,June 1983, Author: D.J. O'Connor, TITLE: "Wind Effects onJune 1983, Author: D.J. O'Connor, TITLE: "Wind Effects on

Gas- Liquid Transfer Coefficients"Gas- Liquid Transfer Coefficients"

KAKAWindWind


WASP7 Course


WASP7 Course

Modified Streeter-PhelpsModified Streeter-Phelps

DODODODO CBODCBOD11CBODCBOD11

COCO22


SettlingSettling

Sediment Oxygen Sediment Oxygen DemandDemand

Carbonaceous Carbonaceous DeoxygenationDeoxygenation

Sediment

NBODNBOD22NBODNBOD22

NONO33

Nitrogenous Nitrogenous DeoxygenationDeoxygenation

SettlingSettling

1 use BOD1; 2 use BOD2


WASP7 Course

Nitrogenous BODNitrogenous BOD


WASP7 Course

Modified Streeter-Phelps InputModified Streeter-Phelps Input


WASP7 Course

Temperature DependencyTemperature Dependency

20 ( 20)T

TTK K

Where:Where:

KKTT The value of variable at the local temperature, T (The value of variable at the local temperature, T (°C)°C)

The value of the variable at 20 The value of the variable at 20 °C°C

ӨӨThe empirical constant for each temperature dependent system The empirical constant for each temperature dependent system variable, user specifiedvariable, user specified

20TK


WASP7 Course

Linear DO BalanceLinear DO Balance

DODODODO BODBOD11BODBOD11

COCO22


SettlingSettling

SedimentSediment OxygenOxygen DemandDemand

CarbonaceousCarbonaceous DeoxygenationDeoxygenation

NHNH33NHNH33

SettlingSettling

NONO33NONO33

Org-NOrg-NOrg-NOrg-N

PhytoPhyto

PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesisRespirationRespiration

NitrificationNitrification

MineralizationMineralization


WASP7 Course

Linear DO Balance InputLinear DO Balance Input


WASP7 Course

Measuring Photosynthesis & RespirationMeasuring Photosynthesis & Respiration

Documents

Watershed & Water Quality Modeling Technical Support Center WASP7 Course Dissolved Oxygen Processes Processes and Equations Implemented in WASP7 Eutrophication