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Welcome to Seminar 9 Revising and Editing

Unit 9 Assignments

Submit the three documents to the Dropbox by

the end of Unit 9 A copy of your First Draft  A copy of the Peer Review that your classmate

completed for your paper Your Final Draft [you must submit all 3 papers to earn full points]

Unit 9 Assignments

Final essays are due no later than midnight Tuesday. [email me if the work will be late]

Remember your message board postings are part of your grade. You have several questions to respond to in our discussion, so please answer each question.

All late work must be completed. The course is almost over!

Requirements for the Final Project.

Your final project will be a research paper of 8-10 pages

Refer to sources within the paper—use research verbs! [not just on References page]

2 sources—Kaplan library database 2 sources—Kaplan approved legal resources Include APA Title page & References page Everything we have done in this course was working

toward writing that final paper.

Notes on the final draft

Your final paper must be original work written for this class. This means that you must be the author and you must be giving proper credit to your sources.

If you have questions on APA format, you can view models of the APA Title page and the APA Reference page in the Writing Center's reading, APA Manuscript Style. 

There are other helpful APA guides posted in the Doc Sharing area of the course and in The Bedford Researcher

Don’t Panic!

If you need additional pages to meet the 8-10 page requirement---go back to your sources. What other information can you add? Do you need more sources? You still have time…..

All of you have worked hard on

this research project, and I appreciate

your diligence in turning in a well written paper.

Required Sources

You must use Kaplan library sources and/or approved Kaplan legal resources [at least 2 from each]

At least 2 sources must be books or academic articles (from academic journals). One great way to find academic sources is to look for

articles in refereed or peer-reviewed journals, and "Academic Search Elite" allows you to limit your search to scholarly (peer-reviewed) journals.

Required Sources

Unit 4 Seminar slides lists some good sources [check again]

No more than 3 can be Internet sources. Kaplan databases or other library databases are not

considered to be Internet sources. An academic paper requires the use of ‘academic’

sources---review Unit 4 about evaluating sources if you have questions.

Reference Page

MUST be done in APA format. Must be double-spaced (only!). Must be in alphabetical (ABC) order. Must have hanging indents. That means

that the first line of each reference must begin at the left margin. Additional lines must be indented 5-7 spaces.

Sample Reference Page

Dooley, T. (2006). Totally Unique Thoughts. Retrieved on September 20, 2006, from www.tut.comFrankl, V. (1984). Man’s search for meaning. New York: Simon & Schuster.They did it with positive thinking. (2002, September 27). Times Educational Supplement (4500). Retrieved on September 5, 2006, from Professional Development database.

Introductions, Conclusions, and Background Information

Now that you are done with your draft, it's time to revise.

First, if you haven't already done so, add an introduction, a conclusion, and any background information your reader will need.

Remember:

The introduction (hook) draws your audience into the topic. A narrative, an example, a description, a startling statement can be used.

An introduction to your subject should be more than just the first paragraph of your paper. It should make the reader interested in what you have to say.

In Conclusion…

For your conclusion, do NOT just summarize what you have already written. Make your conclusion dynamic. Don't disappoint your readers by merely repeating what you've already said. Put in a twist. Make it unexpected or challenging.

Don’t do this to your readers!

Add background information if needed to provide the audience with the history of the situation and / or the current state of the situation. For example, if your topic was Megan's Law, you would probably have to inform the reader what the law was and give a brief history of the law so readers would know its importance.

Document Design

What is the purpose of your document? Who are your readers? What are their

expectations? What format is required? What format

options—layout, margins, line spacing, alignment, and fonts—will readers expect?

How can you use visuals—charts, graphs, tables, images—to help convey information?

Adding Visuals

Visuals can convey information concisely and powerfully.

Charts, graphs, and tables, for example, can simplify complex numerical information. Images—including photographs and diagrams—often express an idea more vividly than words can.

Choosing Visuals

Always consider how a visual supports your purpose and how your audience might respond to it.

You must cite the source when using visuals

(see example in Rules for Writers pg 67)

Source is cited underneath the table (Fig 6)

Pie Chart

Pie charts compare a part or parts to the whole. The parts are displayed as segments

of the pie, represented as percentages of

the whole (which is always 100 percent).

Pie Chart Example

Line Graph or Bar Graph

Line graphs highlight trends over a period of time or compare numerical data.

Bar graphs can be used for the same purpose as line graphs.

Bar Graph Example

Table or Diagram

Tables organize complicated numerical information into a digestible format.

Diagrams useful in scientific and technical writing, concisely illustrate processes, structures, or interactions.

Table Example

Transitions

Transitions are words, phrases, or sentences that connect the parts of your paper. Most people do not add transitions naturally, so go back and add them if necessary.

What are some examples of transitions?

Transitions

Therefore, consequently, moreover, first, next, finally, in conclusion, another point to consider, in addition, for example, etc.

An essay is nothing more than a series of related paragraphs, and a paragraph is a series of related sentences. To help this relationship along, good writers use transitional words and phrases in their writings.

Research Verbs

To ‘signal’ to the reader that the information is from an outside source.

To ‘show’ a point of view.

Smith (2006) observed; reported; suggested; agreed; asserted; claimed; compared; noted; insisted; declared; reasoned; confirmed; rejected; admitted

Varying Signal Phrases

Smith (2006) noted that

Jones (2007) pointed out that

Researchers Hill and Murray (2006) observed

A study by James (2001) confirmed

To summarize Smith (2004), “……”

As Hill and Murray have claimed, “……”

More phrases to use

In discussions of XX, one viewpoint is….One the other hand, some studies argue that…..

These findings challenge….

Research studies show that…..

XX matters because….

At stake here is…..

In summary, XX addressed….

Last SeminarLast Seminar

This is our last seminar This is our last seminar together. together.

You’ve been a great group to You’ve been a great group to work with!work with!