Taiwan e-Governance Research Center

Web 2.0 and e-Governance

Evaluation on National Policy Think Tank Online and Vision 2020

Ching-Heng Pan, Ph.D.

Taiwan e-Governance Research Center

Research ObjectivesHow does Web 2.0 make sense to the government Develop an evaluation frameworkDiscover factors affecting online participation in the policy process

Taiwan e-Governance Research Center

Values1.User as producer2.Collective intelligence3.Perpetual beta4.Extreme Ease of Use

Applications 1.blog, 2.Wiki, 3.Podcase, 4.RSS, 5.Tagging, 6. Social Network, 7. Search engine, 8. MPO games

Technologies

1. Ajax2. XML 3. Open API

4. Microformats5. Flash/Flex

3 Dimensions of Web2.0

Source: Osimo (2008)

Taiwan e-Governance Research Center

The WebThe Web vs. evs. e--GovernmentGovernment

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1995~2000Web1.0

Government1.0(e-government)

2005~2010Web2.0

Government 2.0

2015~2020Web3.0

Government 3.0(u-Government)

Government-centered Citizen-oriented 360°Single portal One-stop shopping,

integrated serviceIndividually customized service portal

One-way service Interactive service;Partnership

Customized intelligent service

Confined to time & location

mobile service seamless service

PastPast PresentPresent FutureFuture

Taiwan e-Governance Research CenterWeb2.0 PracticesWeb2.0 Practices

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Decentralized, disseminated

Centralized, integrated

Outside of organization

Inside organization

Dynamic, growth, resourcing, external supports

Goal setting, planning, productivity, efficiency

Stabilization, control, information management,

communication

Coherence, morality, human resources

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Web2.0 Core Competencies

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• Source：O’Reilly (2005)

Taiwan e-Governance Research Center

Level of eLevel of e--ParticipationParticipationArnstein (1969)Arnstein (1969) OECDOECD

CitizenCitizen--government linkgovernment linkUNUN

EE--participationparticipationManipulation InformationInformation

Gov provide information to citizens; one-way relationship E-informationTherapy

InformingConsultation ConsultationConsultation

Available channels for public input and feedback; two-way relationship

E-consultationPlacation

Partnership

Delegated power Active participationActive participationTake part in agenda setting and policy process; government has the final say; partnership relationship

E-decision makingCitizen control

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LL

HH

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Evaluation FrameworkEvaluation Framework

e- Info disclosure

e- Public consultation

e- Decision making process

User as producer

Collective intelligence

Perpetual beta

Extreme ease of use

Web2.0Web2.0ValuesValues

EE--participationparticipation

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ConstructConstruct IndicatorIndicator MeasureMeasure

VValuesalues

User as producerUser as producer 1.1. User generated content ,UGCUser generated content ,UGC

Collective Collective intelligenceintelligence

1.1. FolksonomyFolksonomy

2.2. Community networkingCommunity networkingPerpetual betaPerpetual beta 1.1. Functional ServiceFunctional Service

Extreme ease of useExtreme ease of use

1.1. Information content)Information content)

2.2. Interface designInterface design

3.3. Ease of useEase of use

4.4. EfficiencyEfficiency

5.5. Security/PrivacySecurity/Privacy

6.6. ResponsivenessResponsiveness

Evaluate Web2.0 &Evaluate Web2.0 & ee--Participation Participation

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ConstructConstruct IndicatorIndicator MeasureMeasure

ee--ParticipationParticipation

ee--InformationInformation

A.A. AccessibilityAccessibility

B.B. ComprehensibilityComprehensibility

C. AttainabilityC. Attainability

ee--ConsultationConsultation

A. Conducted as plannedA. Conducted as planned

B. Consultation objectivesB. Consultation objectives

C. C. TTarget audiencearget audience

D. Information appropriatenessD. Information appropriateness

E. Keep contribution informedE. Keep contribution informed

F. Providing feedbackF. Providing feedback

ee--Decision makingDecision making A.A.What impact on the policy content?What impact on the policy content?

Evaluate Web2.0 &Evaluate Web2.0 & ee--Participation (conParticipation (con’’d)d)

Taiwan e-Governance Research Center

National Policy Think Tank Online (NAPOTO)National Policy Think Tank Online (NAPOTO)• Purposes:

– Policy dissemination • Inform the public about forming policies

– Policy Forum• Use the platform to communicate with the public,

collect policy information, and increase compliance– Policy Research

• Provide research reports or resources for making the policy

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Taiwan e-Governance Research Center

SourceSource: : All public comments from All public comments from ““PPublic ublic Discussion Discussion HHouseouse””, , ““PPolicy olicy PPitcheritcher””, , ““PPeople eople WWizardizard””CountsCounts: : PH: 11, PP: 84, PW: 119. Total: 214214CategoriesCategories：subject, message content, commenter’s characteristics, downloadable supplement, counts of viewer, counts of response, rating, word counts of message。

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NAPOTO Content AnalysisNAPOTO Content Analysis

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1.Registered membership required to comment and respond2.Users leaving comments can observe the counts of viewers and responses

NAPOTO

1.Several Blog Channels as business model. Registration not required to join forum. Multimedia better utilized.2.“PK” Arena allows votes and comments.3.Discussion Board allows more detailed comments and dialogue.

Vision 2020

NAPOTO vs. Vision 2020: NAPOTO vs. Vision 2020: User as producerUser as producer

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Two thematic parts：1.Policy Pitcher – policy information: Issues designed by REDC and contracted research teams.2.People Wizard – policy consultation: all registered members may comment

NAPOTO

1.Seemly issue-oriented design. Controlled by contractors. Issue not generated by the public or tagging.2.Attempts to collaborate with two social networking sites, “FunP推推王” and “黑米書籤”, to expand publicity.

Vision 2020

NAPOTO vs. Vision 2020: NAPOTO vs. Vision 2020: Collective IntelligenceCollective Intelligence

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1.Registration required to participate – a barrier.2.Easily understood Flash such as growing tree representing the popularity of the issue

NAPOTO

1.Easy to participate (vote, comment, respond); no registration required.2.Download /flip page speed about 2-4 seconds: good.3.Registration is optional. To register, only user name, password, and email are required. Other personal information optional. Privacy better protected.

Vision 2020

NAPOTO vs. Vision 2020:NAPOTO vs. Vision 2020: Extreme ease of useExtreme ease of use

Taiwan e-Governance Research Center

Next Step: Survey studyOnline Surveys: Users on NAPOTO and Vision 2020. Pair-up comparisons。

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A: N

APO

TO

users

C: B

oth websites users

B: V

ision

2020users

Online survey to NAPOTO users

Online survey to Vision 2020 users